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US7106196B2 - Method and apparatus for configuring the read-range of an RFID label or tag - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for configuring the read-range of an RFID label or tag Download PDF

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Publication number
US7106196B2
US7106196B2 US10/194,273 US19427302A US7106196B2 US 7106196 B2 US7106196 B2 US 7106196B2 US 19427302 A US19427302 A US 19427302A US 7106196 B2 US7106196 B2 US 7106196B2
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Prior art keywords
rfid device
rfid
pattern
interfering layer
read range
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US10/194,273
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US20030156032A1 (en
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Matthew Thomas Adams
Douglas Adrian Taylor
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Intermec IP Corp
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Intermec IP Corp
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Publication of US20030156032A1 publication Critical patent/US20030156032A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07758—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
    • G06K19/07309—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
    • G06K19/07318—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers by hindering electromagnetic reading or writing
    • G06K19/07327—Passive means, e.g. Faraday cages
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/0772—Physical layout of the record carrier
    • G06K19/07735—Physical layout of the record carrier the record carrier comprising means for protecting against electrostatic discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.
    • G06K7/10079—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the spatial domain, e.g. temporary shields for blindfolding the interrogator in specific directions

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to RFID labels and tags. Specifically, the present invention relates to controlled attenuation of the read range of an RFID label tags.
  • RFID labels and tags are interrogated by a RF interrogator or reader.
  • the RF interrogator or reader transmits a radio signal which is received by an RFID and is then reflected back to the reader/interrogator carrying the RFID's data content.
  • the power used by the RF reader/interrogator is a factor in determining the range at which an RFID may be detected and/or interrogated.
  • RF interrogator/reader power levels are subject to FCC regulations. Also, the power of the reader signal is limited by the antenna configuration selected and any shielding or interfering transmissions. Where multiple tags are present, within a read range, multiple reads may occur. Cross reads may occur between adjacent interrogators/readers.
  • RFID transponders are generally engineered and bulk manufactured to satisfy the majority demand for RFID transponders, i.e. to have as large a read range with as low as a reader power as possible. Therefore, there is a need to quickly and economically attenuate the read range of RFID transponders on a group or individual basis, to satisfy special situations.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an RFID label or tag with a fixable read range that does not require the use of external shielding.
  • Different surface treatment embodiments may either absorb and/or reflect the RF signal.
  • a distributed screen of reflective or absorptive ink of varying density enables individual or group fine tuning of an attenuation effect that regulates the read range of a RFID tag or label.
  • FIG. 1 is schematic representation of one embodiment of a label with surface treatment in dot screen form.
  • FIG. 2 is another example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 having a higher dot density.
  • a RFID device with a surface treatment which interferes with the transmission of RF signals may either absorb and/or reflect RF signals.
  • Attenuation patterns enables the fine-tuning of read ranges thereby eliminating or reducing the occurrence of accidental or cross reads between nearby RF interrogator/readers.
  • An RF interfering or absorbing surface treatment for a RFID device may be applied by hot stamping, printed inks using flexography, printed inks using rotogravure, ink deposition through the use of thermal transfer printing technology, printed inks using lithography, printed inks using silk screen printing technology or other printing methods.
  • Inks may be reflective, for example, metallic or may be RF signal absorbing.
  • An example of a RF absorbing substance is water-laden nylon plastic film.
  • a further deposition method is ion deposition printing.
  • the interfering layer may be deposited at the time of printing thereby fixing the attenuation at a known level.
  • the interference layer may be applied in an on demand fashion using ink jet and/or thermal transfer printing.
  • the end user may modify the amount of ink or pattern density applied between each individual label.
  • the attenuation level may be varied to an individual requirement.
  • the pattern of deposition may be in a screen format, for example, pattern of dots 10 across surface 20 of the label.
  • the pattern of deposition may be in a grid format. Adjusting the thickness or diameter of the grid or dots 20 adjusts the attenuation effect from the interference or reflective layer.
  • FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of FIG. 1 having a higher density of dots 10 on surface 20 of the label thereby creating a higher attenuation and lowering the read range of the RFID label which this pattern is applied upon.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A RFID device with a surface treatment which interferes with the transmission of RF signals/data between the RFID device and the RF interrogator or reader. A surface treatment of either RF reflective or RF absorptive ink is deposited on a RFID device using an attenuation pattern to fine tune the read range of the RFID device thereby eliminating or reducing the occurrence of accidental or cross reads between nearby RF interrogators or readers.
The surface layer may be deposited at the time of printing the labels thereby fixing the attenuation at a known level or the surface treatment may be applied in an on-demand fashion allowing the attenuation level to be varied to an individual requirement.

Description

This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60/305,308 filed Jul. 12, 2001.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to RFID labels and tags. Specifically, the present invention relates to controlled attenuation of the read range of an RFID label tags.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
RFID labels and tags are interrogated by a RF interrogator or reader. The RF interrogator or reader transmits a radio signal which is received by an RFID and is then reflected back to the reader/interrogator carrying the RFID's data content. The power used by the RF reader/interrogator is a factor in determining the range at which an RFID may be detected and/or interrogated. RF interrogator/reader power levels are subject to FCC regulations. Also, the power of the reader signal is limited by the antenna configuration selected and any shielding or interfering transmissions. Where multiple tags are present, within a read range, multiple reads may occur. Cross reads may occur between adjacent interrogators/readers. Physical barriers have been used to construct lanes through which RF labels pass one by one, for example parallel lanes each with its own reader/interrogator that is shielded from adjacent lanes. Shielding is expensive and difficult for the user to apply and if not applied correctly may result in lost or duplicate readings.
In many RFID applications shielding is impractical and/or undesirable. For example, where several printers with RFIDs are located adjacent to each other on a common table top it would be difficult to reliably interrogate only one of them if the read range of the RFID's used was large (for example, 18 inches or more).
To be economical, RFID transponders are generally engineered and bulk manufactured to satisfy the majority demand for RFID transponders, i.e. to have as large a read range with as low as a reader power as possible. Therefore, there is a need to quickly and economically attenuate the read range of RFID transponders on a group or individual basis, to satisfy special situations.
An object of the present invention is to provide an RFID label or tag with a fixable read range that does not require the use of external shielding.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An RFID device with a surface treatment which interferes with transmission of RF signals/data between the RFID device and the RF interrogator/reader. Different surface treatment embodiments may either absorb and/or reflect the RF signal. A distributed screen of reflective or absorptive ink of varying density enables individual or group fine tuning of an attenuation effect that regulates the read range of a RFID tag or label.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is schematic representation of one embodiment of a label with surface treatment in dot screen form.
FIG. 2 is another example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 having a higher dot density.
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A RFID device with a surface treatment which interferes with the transmission of RF signals. Suitable surface treatments may either absorb and/or reflect RF signals.
Use of the attenuation patterns enables the fine-tuning of read ranges thereby eliminating or reducing the occurrence of accidental or cross reads between nearby RF interrogator/readers.
An RF interfering or absorbing surface treatment for a RFID device may be applied by hot stamping, printed inks using flexography, printed inks using rotogravure, ink deposition through the use of thermal transfer printing technology, printed inks using lithography, printed inks using silk screen printing technology or other printing methods.
Inks may be reflective, for example, metallic or may be RF signal absorbing. An example of a RF absorbing substance is water-laden nylon plastic film. A further deposition method is ion deposition printing. The interfering layer may be deposited at the time of printing thereby fixing the attenuation at a known level. Alternatively, the interference layer may be applied in an on demand fashion using ink jet and/or thermal transfer printing. In an on demand scenario, the end user may modify the amount of ink or pattern density applied between each individual label. Thus, the attenuation level may be varied to an individual requirement.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pattern of deposition may be in a screen format, for example, pattern of dots 10 across surface 20 of the label. Alternatively, the pattern of deposition may be in a grid format. Adjusting the thickness or diameter of the grid or dots 20 adjusts the attenuation effect from the interference or reflective layer. FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of FIG. 1 having a higher density of dots 10 on surface 20 of the label thereby creating a higher attenuation and lowering the read range of the RFID label which this pattern is applied upon.
The following patents/documents are all hereby incorporated by reference:
U.S. Pat. No. 5,850,181 “Method Of Transporting Radio Frequency Power To Energize RFID Transponders”.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,987 “Radio Frequency Identification System With Write Broadcast Capability”.
International Publication Number WO 00/05674 “Communicating With Radio Frequency Identification Tags Within Shaped Electromagnetic Fields”.

Claims (21)

1. A method for configuring the read range of an RFID device, comprising the steps of:
obtaining a RFID device;
selecting a pattern density prior to depositing the interfering layer;
depositing an interfering layer in an attenuation pattern upon said RFID device; and
adjusting the attenuation level of the RFID device;
wherein said pattern is a plurality of spaced apart dots.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said interfering layer is deposited by a printer using a print technology selected from the group consisting of hot stamping, flexography, rotogravure, thermal transfer printing, lithography silk screen printing, ion deposition printing, and ink jet printing.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the interfering layer comprises a RF signal reflective ink.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the interfering layer comprises RF signal absorptive ink.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said RFID device is unprinted and said interfering layer is deposited at the time of printing said RFID device.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said RFID device is preprinted and the interfering layer is deposited on the preprinted RFID device.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of selecting a pattern thickness prior to depositing the interfering layer.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said RFID device is a label.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein said RFID device is a tag.
10. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of selecting a pattern thickness prior to depositing the interfering layer.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said pattern is a grid.
12. A read-range attenuated RFID device, comprising:
a RFID device; and
an interfering layer deposited in an attenuation pattern upon said RFID device; said
pattern having a pattern thickness and a pattern density;
wherein said pattern is a plurality of spaced apart dots.
13. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 12, wherein said interfering layer comprises RF signal reflective ink.
14. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 13, wherein said RFID device is a RFID label.
15. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 13, wherein said RFID device is a RFID tag.
16. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 12, wherein said interfering layer comprises RF signal absorptive ink.
17. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 16, wherein said RFID device is a RFID label.
18. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 16, wherein said RFID device is a RFID tag.
19. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 12, wherein said RFID device is a RFID label.
20. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 12, wherein said RFID device is a RFID tag.
21. The read range attenuated RFID device of claim 12, wherein said pattern is a grid.
US10/194,273 2001-07-12 2002-07-12 Method and apparatus for configuring the read-range of an RFID label or tag Expired - Lifetime US7106196B2 (en)

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US20070164866A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2007-07-19 Philippe Robin Security document having a contactless chip with data masking
US20080297310A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Onderko John C Handling System for Exception RFID Labels
US20110031319A1 (en) * 2009-08-05 2011-02-10 Perfect Plastic Printing Corporation RF Proximity Financial Transaction Card Having Metallic Foil Layer(s)
US8763915B2 (en) 2011-02-01 2014-07-01 Eyes Open Corporation Identification plate with adjustable damping
US8952784B2 (en) 2012-05-23 2015-02-10 Eastman Kodak Company Verifying identification of sequentially supplied fluids

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US7170415B2 (en) * 2004-12-01 2007-01-30 Avery Dennison Corporation RFID tags with modifiable operating parameters
US8115636B2 (en) * 2008-01-22 2012-02-14 Avery Dennison Corporation RFID tag with a reduced read range
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US8610542B2 (en) * 2008-11-07 2013-12-17 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Radio frequency identification reader with variable range
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