SU1698037A1 - Finish-machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in mechanical engineering, electronics industry, optics for processing plates made of hard brittle materials, such as glass, ceramics, crystals. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of machining parts by reducing the flatness by selectively processing the most prominent parts of the part. The device comprises a frame, the drive of the abrasive carrier, made in the form of an endless belt, is installed. The part holder is fixed on the coordinate table, has a groove that repeats the part according to the Form, and is located under the top view. On the other side of the upper branch of the abrasive carrier, a clamping element mounted in the holder, which is connected to the clamping mechanism made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, and a displacement sensor is installed above the part. The clamping mechanism and the displacement sensor are firmly attached to the frame bracket. The clamping element is made of elastic material, rubber, plastic, has the shape of a rolling body. The inner part of the clip repeats the pressing element in shape, and in the gap I. Kimm supply is provided under pressure f, j3S or liquid. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in mechanical engineering, electronics industry, optics for processing plates made of hard brittle materials, such as glass, ceramics, crystals.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of refinement.

FIG. 1 shows a device for finishing, a general view; in fig. 2 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 3. 4 - execution of the clamping element hollow with an additional drive rotation, options; in fig. 5 is a diagram for determining device settings using a topographic map of the detail error.

Device to finish;, .-. details (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1, in which the drive 2 is installed abrasive belt 3.

The abrasive belt 3 is arranged horizontally, its upper branch is at the level of the upper plane of the frame. The holder 4 of the part 5 has a recess, repeating the shape of the part, which makes it possible to set the part ace equally (oriented). The holder 4 is fixed on the coordinate table 6, which is placed under the upper branch on the same level with the upper surface of the workpiece 5. On the other side of the upper branch of the abrasive belt 3 above the part 5, a sub-node 7 is mounted, fixed to the holder 8, which

yu so

about with

Xi

The ra is connected to a clamping mechanism 9, made in this case in the form of a pneumociliidra, and a displacement sensor 10.

The clamping mechanism 9 and the displacement sensor 10 are rigidly fixed to the bracket 11 mounted on the bed 1. The compression assembly 7 is made of an elastic material — rubber, plastic, has the shape of a rolling body with a rotation axis lying parallel to the plane of the A-dimensional tape 3 and perpendicular the direction of movement of the abrasive belt; The position of the knot 7 of the axle relative to the part 5 is measured by a displacement sensor 10 mounted on the bracket 11. The coordinate table 6 consists of an upper carriage 12 moving in the direction y across the movement of the abrasive cients. Its guides are attached to the bottom carriage 13, moving in their direction — along the movement of the abrasive belt. The carriage movements are carried out (respectively) by drive screws 14, 15 using flywheels 16, 17. Between the flywheel 17 and the screw 15 is additionally installed conical gears 18,

The clamping element is made hollow with a rigid axis of rotation fixed in supporting plate 19 placed in the casing 8. The connection of the pressing element of the clamping unit 7 with the axis 20 is stationary and airtight, made by gluing or vulcanization. Through the axial hole 21 in the axis 20 and the sealing device 22, the internal cavity of the pressing member is connected to a source of adjustable gas or liquid pressure.

An embodiment of the device is an axis 20 of rotation of the pressing element through gear 23 is connected to an additional drive 24 of rotation of the pressing element.

The device for finishing works as follows.

The non-flatness is measured for the part to be processed. The measurement results can be presented in the form of a topographic map of a surface containing lines of equal surface levels relative to the reference plane (Fig. 5). Such a map can be obtained using the interferometric method, which is preferable, or the discrete method using an indicator. FIG. 5 shows the results of measurements of a garnet plate with a diameter of 76 mm by a discrete method using an indicator. The lines above the level (thickness) of the plate 470 microns are shown. According to the measurement results (Fig. 5) of the flatness, the coordinates of the center of the part section that has the maximum elevation above the reference plane — the coordinates XI and VI — and the maximum diameter of the section where

For this detail, it is advisable to fine-tune the Ohms.

Then, the part S is mounted and fixed in the holder 4. Due to the design features of the holder 4 - the presence

0 of the recess, which repeats the shape of the part, the latter is always installed in a strictly oriented position, uniquely, and the coordinate system when measuring part 5 (Fig. 1) corresponds to

5 coordinate system parts 5 installed in the holder 4 on the coordinate table 6 of the device. Rotating the flywheels 16 and 17, the coordinates XI and VI are set along their limbs. After this point of the workpiece 5

0 with these coordinates is set under the center of the 7 clamping unit. The actuator 2 mounted on the cup 1 drives the abrasive belt 3, and an abrasive slurry (not shown) is fed into the treatment area.

5 The compressed gas is supplied to the pressing mechanism 9, under the action of its piston, together with the sleeve 8 and the pressing assembly 7 fixed therein, is lowered down and presses the moving abrasive belt 3 to the part 5.

0 The diameter of the contact zone will depend on the modulus of elasticity of the material of the clamping unit, its design, and the force of its pressing by the clamping mechanism 9. The diameter of the contact zone can be determined (after taring 5) by the amount of movement of the clamping unit 7 relative to the part 5 or, which is structurally simpler, relative to the bracket 11, This task is performed by the movement sensor 10. Therefore, to set the device.

For the required diameter (DMax), the pressure in the pneumatic cylinder of the mechanism. 9 the clamp is increased until the reading of the sensor 10, which corresponds to the specified Ohms, is reached. So

5, machining of part 5 takes place mainly in an Ohms segment with coordinates of its center XI and VI, that is, where the part had the greatest deviations from flatness to a maximum. If it is necessary to create a very large pressing force to achieve ohms, which can destroy the workpiece or do not ensure the quality of processing, then you should apply a pressing unit made of

5 material with a lower modulus of elasticity. When operating the device, it is necessary to take into account that the processing of the part 5 will occur over the entire area, since the abrasive belt 3 will come into contact with the whole part due to the presence of tension. On

In other parts of the part, the processing efficiency will be less than in the zone of action of the pressing unit.

When the abrasive belt 3 is moved due to friction, the pressing element of the clamping unit 7 rotates around the axis 20. By adjusting the pressure of the medium in the cavity of the pressing element connected through the axial hole 21 and the sealing device 22 to the adjustable pressure source, the stiffness of the pressing element can be adjusted. To match the speed of movement of the abrasive belt and the pressing element, it is forcibly rotated by the engine 24 through the gear train 23. This ensures the symmetry of the distribution of the working pressure on the part and relieves the abrasive belt.

In the area where the surface level of the part is above a certain permissible level, the necessary pressing force is created, i.e. processing is carried out taking into account the individual features of the detail form error,

In this way, the distribution of the working pressure on the part is stabilized,

reduced load on the abrasive carrier and friction loss.

The device allows improving the quality of processing, correcting a defect on non-flatness, thereby increasing the yield ratio of usable parts.

Claims (2)

1. A device for finishing, made in the form of a piece of workpiece mounted for movement and connected to the pneumatic system of an element of the abrasive tape pressing unit to the product, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the finishing, the element of the pressing unit is made of an elastic material that is hollow and installed rotatably around an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement of the abrasive belt, while the holder of the product is mounted to move in two mutually perpendicular directions their. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a drive for rotating the element of the pressing unit. 70 77 /////BUT 17 FIG. 2 XZZ & 7, knurling 5 Compiled by V.Saliev Editor N.Sil Ginz Tehred M. Morgental FIG. H Proofreader O. Krzvtsova