RU2812946C1 - Ground anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: ground anchor is made in form of a soft sealed closed flask-shaped shell filled with air under pressure, having a cylindrical upper and spherical lower parts after it is filled with air, while the end of the cylindrical part is equipped with a soft loop firmly connected to the shell material to ensure fastening of the winch rope for self-extracting a stuck car and a three-position air valve for filling the shell with air, having positions for compressed air inlet into the shell, air release into the atmosphere and shutting off.

EFFECT: increase of the load-bearing capacity of the anchor on weak and loose soils.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport, namely to self-extrication of stuck cars.

When trucks and cars get stuck, use standard winches provided with the vehicle by the manufacturer [1], or portable winches [2]. The winch rope is attached to a stationary object (tree, pole, etc.), and the winch is turned on to wind the rope onto the drum. To implement this method, in the absence of objects to which the winch rope can be secured, anchors are used. In case of severe jamming, chain hoists are additionally used.

An anchor device is known for holding evacuation rolling stock when pulling out stuck equipment with a winch [3]. It consists of interconnected anchor plates, attached to the ground using screw anchors. The disadvantage of the device is its low load-bearing capacity on weak, loose and waterlogged soils.

There are known devices for self-pulling a car based on the use of various hooks on the ground, for example a bayonet hook. Vertical anchors are known (folding vertical anchor, flat anchor, vertical “corkscrew” anchor) and other devices [4].

A vertical screw anchor “corkscrew” is a cylindrical spiral 100-120 cm long, twisted from a 10-15 mm steel rod with a pointed end and an eye for attaching a winch cable. The corkscrew is screwed into the ground using a crowbar.

The vertical “corkscrew” anchor was adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the device is that the resistance of the anchor to the pull-out force mainly depends on the small diameter of the spiral turn, which forms the weight of the displaced soil cone. Increasing the size of the coil leads to an increase in the force of immersion (screwing) of the anchor into the ground, up to the complete impossibility of its use. Since the anchor is made of rigid structural material, this makes it impossible to use it on soils with low bearing capacity.

The purpose of the present invention is to increase the load-bearing capacity of the anchor on weak and loose soils. The stated goal is achieved by increasing the load-bearing capacity by increasing the volume (weight) of the cone of soil displaced by the anchor.

The proposed device is illustrated by the drawings presented at:

- figure 1 - anchor in a folded state, placed in a vertical well;

- Fig.2 - anchor in working condition.

The ground anchor (Fig. 1, 2) is a soft hermetic closed shell 1 made of high-strength, for example 2-3-layer parallel or diagonally duplicated (if necessary, reinforced), for example, polyamide material. The flask-shaped shell 1 has cylindrical and spherical parts, designed and manufactured by cutting as a one-piece structure. In the air-filled operating state, the diameter of the spherical part is significantly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical part. The end of the cylindrical part of the shell 1 is equipped with a soft loop 2, firmly connected (for example, woven into the weft threads) with the shell material for fastening the rope 3 of the winch of a stuck car and with a valve 4. Valve 4 of a known design has 3 positions: “inlet” of compressed air into the shell 1 , “release” of air into the atmosphere and “shut off”.

A ground anchor for self-pulling a car works as follows:

1. At some distance from the stuck car, using a manual, for example, spoon or screw drill with an electric drive from the vehicle's on-board network, a vertical well 5 is made with a cross-sectional diameter equal to or slightly smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical part of the shell 1.

2. The shell 1, which is not filled with air, is rolled up (rolled) into a roll and the spherical part at the bottom is placed in the well 5 (Fig. 1). If necessary, to facilitate the formation of the roll, it is placed in a case, for example, made of polyethylene, or several circular rounds are made with a weak cord along the entire length.

3. A hose 6 from a source of compressed air is connected to the three-position valve 4 in the “inlet” position, for example, a manual, foot or electric automobile pump; the shell is filled with air under pressure (Fig. 2). Filled with compressed air, shell 1 unfolds and takes the shape of a flask. The outer surface of the cylindrical part, unfolding, is tightly pressed against the walls of the well; the spherical part, unfolding and displacing and compacting the soil to the sides, takes on a spherical shape. Unexpanded folds of the shell 1 and an incompletely formed spherical part do not affect the performance of the ground anchor.

4. When the calculated excess pressure in shell 1 is reached, the compressed air supply is stopped, the three-position valve 4 is switched to the “closed” position, and the hose 6 is disconnected from the valve. The ground anchor acquires rigidity within the limits of tensile forces in its material caused by excess air pressure in shell 1.

5. The winch is turned on to release the rope 3. The end of the issued rope 3 is attached to the loop 2 of the sheath 1.

6. The winch is turned on to pull up rope 3, and the stuck car is pulled out.

7. Rope 3 is disconnected from loop 2 of shell 1, three-position valve 4 is switched to the “release” position.

8. The shell 1 with the air released is removed from the well 5.

If the result is unsuccessful (pulling the anchor out of the ground), operations 1 - 6 are repeated.

The cavity of the shell can be filled with bulk solid materials, for example, sand or water, etc. If necessary, the shell is filled with concrete or other mixture and after it hardens, the anchor can work as a stationary one.

The device can be used in rocky soils. The bearing capacity will be determined by the excess air pressure in the shell, which provides pressure from the surface of the shell on the walls of the well and the friction force of the shell material on the ground.

The proposed ground anchor for self-pulling a car can be used for winching cars stuck on soft and loose soils in the absence of fixed objects to which the winch rope can be attached.

Used sources:

1. Pulling out objects. Studopedia.ru/1_78537_vitaskivanie-obektov: html

2. Hand winches. Everything is done by hand. Magazine "4x4 Club". 4x4 Media. 87 - ruchnye - lebedki - vsjo. publ. 02/23/2007.

3. RU 189003 U1 MPK F16B 2/00, E02D 5/80/. An anchor device for holding evacuation rolling stock when pulling out stuck equipment with a winch, publ. 2019.05.06.

4. Use of devices for self-pulling cars. Vizlit.ru./998569/primenenie_prisposobleniy_samovytaskivaniya_avtomobiley

Claims (1)

Ground anchor, characterized in that it is made in the form of a soft sealed closed flask-shaped shell filled with air under pressure, having a cylindrical upper and spherical lower parts after it is filled with air, while the end of the cylindrical part is equipped with a soft loop, firmly connected to the shell material to ensure fastening of the rope winches for self-extracting a stuck car and a three-position air valve for filling the shell with air, which has positions for inlet of compressed air into the shell, release of air into the atmosphere and shutting off.