RU2765335C1 - Air monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to measuring technology. The air monitoring system consists of a detection unit and an imaging unit connected to each other via a radio channel and consisting of separate enclosures with printed circuit boards and central processors located inside them. A temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, a transceiver, a battery charge controller with a battery connected to it are connected to the digital bus of the central processor of the detection unit through the galvanic isolation module, a gas contamination sensor for propane, isobutane or natural gas is connected to the analog bus through the galvanic isolation module, LEDs acting as a strobe are connected to the discrete output, a voltage conversion module is connected to the printed circuit board through the power button; a data acquisition system transceiver and an information display are connected to the digital bus of the central processor of the visualization unit through the galvanic isolation module, an executive device and a stroboscope with a buzzer are connected to the digital output, a voltage conversion module is connected to the printed circuit board through the power button.

EFFECT: identification of hazards in order to minimize the risks of threats to the life and health of an employee when performing their work duties.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to personal protective equipment used to minimize the health risks of workers at a hazardous production facility.

On the territory of compressor stations and objects of the linear part of main gas pipelines (oil pipelines, condensate pipelines), in the process of scheduled preventive repairs or emergency situations, there is a need for earthworks. The document [1] prescribes mandatory control of gas contamination during hot and gas hazardous work. At the same time, according to the document [2], the measurement of gas contamination must be carried out before the start of work, as well as in the process of their implementation continuously with the registration of the measurement results in the work permit. According to paragraph 4. p.p. 4.1. document [3], any excavation work on the territory of compressor stations, gas distribution stations and in the protected zones of main gas pipelines is gas hazardous.

When carrying out excavation work in a mechanized way using earthmoving equipment, there is no possibility of constant monitoring of the air environment in the excavator work area and directly in the pit, since the radius of the danger zone is more than 5 meters from the radius of any extreme part of the excavator [3]. In addition, it is prohibited to stop the operation of the equipment and approach the edge of the pit in order to measure the gas content with a manual device (for example, SGG-20M) until it is ready due to the threat of collapse of the pit wall. Thus, there is a problem of ensuring safety and the lack of quality and continuous control of the air environment.

Also, at the place of production of gas hazardous work, there is a need to control the temperature regime to comply with labor protection and rest and heating regimes for workers [4].

The objective of the invention is to create safe working conditions to save the life and health of the worker in the production of work:

- in low-temperature weather conditions;

- in the oil, gas industry and mining, where there is a risk of release of explosive and flammable gases into the working area.

The technical result is the identification of hazards in order to minimize the risks of threats to the life and health of an employee in the performance of his job duties.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by a system consisting of a detection unit and a visualization unit connected to each other via a radio channel and consisting of separate cases with printed circuit boards and central processors located inside them, while to the digital bus of the central processor of the detection unit through a galvanic module a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, a transceiver, a battery charge controller with a battery connected to it, a gas contamination sensor for propane, isobutane and natural gas (methane) is connected to the analog bus through a galvanic isolation module, LEDs are connected to the discrete output , acting as a stroboscope, a voltage conversion module is connected to the printed circuit board through the power button; a transceiver of the data acquisition system and an information display are connected to the digital bus of the central processor of the visualization unit through a galvanic isolation module, an actuator and a stroboscope with a buzzer are connected to the discrete output, a voltage conversion module is connected to the printed circuit board through the power button.

Structurally, the system consists of 2 parts:

1. Detection unit (hereinafter - BO);

2. Visualization block (hereinafter - BV).

BO 1 is designed for periodic measurements:

- concentrations of combustible gases (methane, hydrocarbons, vapors of combustible liquids) in the air and when monitoring leaks from pipelines for the transportation of natural and liquefied gas, as well as other flammable substances;

- ambient temperature;

- air humidity;

- atmospheric pressure.

BO 1 is a portable device that can be attached with a magnet to the steel part of the excavator boom; a strap is also provided, equipped with a reciprocal textile clasp. Measurements are taken constantly, the transmission of the measured medium through the sensor of the gas contamination sensor occurs when lowering and raising the excavator boom during earthworks.

The main function of the BO 1 is the processing of information coming from the sensors connected to the measurement channels, analysis and transmission of the processed information to the BO 2 via radio.

The invention is shown in FIG. 1-2. The block diagram of the operation of the device is shown in Fig. 3-4.

BO 1 consists of:

1.1 PCB;

1.2 CPU;

1.3 Battery;

1.4 Stroboscope;

1.5 Sealed housing;

1.6 Gas sensor;

1.7 temperature sensor;

1.8 Humidity sensor;

1.9 pressure sensor;

1.10 Transceiver;

1.11 Battery charge controller;

1.12 Power buttons;

1.13 Protected connector for battery charging;

1.14 Voltage conversion module;

1.15 Galvanic isolation module;

1.16 Magnet;

1.17 Strap.

a) Printed circuit board 1.1 consists of foiled copper textolite, on the surfaces of which electrically conductive circuits of the electronic circuit are formed. On the outer sides, the board is coated with a protective coating (“solder mask”) and marked (an auxiliary figure and text according to the name) using the silk-screen printing method. Serves for mounting to it using soldering with tin-lead solder: the central processor 1.2, power wires from the voltage conversion module 1.14, wires from the stroboscope 1.4, temperature sensor 1.7, humidity sensor 1.8, pressure sensor 1.9, gas contamination sensor 1.6, transceiver 1.10 and module galvanic isolation 1.15. printed circuit board is designed for electrical and mechanical connection of electronic components included in BO 1.

b) The hermetic case 1.5 provides a degree of protection against access to parts, from ingress of external solid objects and from the penetration of water and a mixture of suspended solid particles in the air - IP67 according to GOST 14254-96. From the outer side of the sealed housing 1.5, a magnet 1.16 and a strap 1.17 are fixed to fasten the sealed housing 1.5 to the steel part of the excavator boom. It is also the basis for mounting all elements of the measurement system inside it. And protection against interference to internal parts. A stroboscope 1.4 and a protected connector for charging the battery 1.13 protrude from the sealed housing.

c) The central processor 1.2 is soldered on the printed circuit board 1.1 and is used to process, collect information, transfer it to the BV 2. It has an EEPROM memory for recording data, which ensures reliable and long-term storage of information when the power is turned off. After loading, the central processor 1.2 interrogates each sensor, when polling the gas contamination sensor 1.6 and after a necessary pause to warm up the gas contamination sensor sensor 1.6, it measures the amount of gas contamination at the outlet. The central processor 1.2 calculates the volume concentration of gases for the gas contamination sensor 1.6 using the coefficients stored in the data memory. The calculation results are placed in the internal memory card of the central processor 1.2. Reading information from the registers of the internal memory card BV 2, providing interaction with the BO 1 through the internal interface through the transceiver 1.10. All abnormal situations during operation are recorded in the error register. Termination of work is carried out by turning off the power.

d) In BO 1, a battery 1.3 is used, which provides voltage to all elements of the block. Battery 1.3 is covered with a protective coating, which ensures its protection in accordance with the requirements of GOST Ρ 51330.10-99. The battery 1.3 is in a sealed case 1.5 and is connected to the battery charge controller 1.11, which ensures the battery 1.3 is charged without recharging, the temperature of the battery 1.3 is monitored during charging (while reducing the current supplied to the battery 1.3 to stabilize the temperature), as well as protection of the storage battery 1.3 against short circuit current from the side of the charger. The battery 1.3 is also connected to the voltage conversion module 1.14 through the power button 1.12, which turns off the device. To charge the battery 1.3, a special protected connector for charging the battery 1.3 is used, which is mounted in a sealed housing 1.5. It is also possible to charge using a wireless type of battery charging with a different configuration of the BO 1. Data on the charge of the battery 1.3 are read by the central processor 1.2 from the battery charge controller 1.11 and stored in the register where the BV 2 is read through the transceiver 1.10.

e) To control the air environment BO 1, the following is used: • Combustible gas sensor 1.6, the detection of which is based on the change in the resistance of the sensitive material when a combustible substance in gaseous form comes into contact with a chemical resistor. Measurement range: Propane: 200-10000 ppm (0.46% LEL - 22.6% LEL, or 0.02-1% vol.), Isobutane: 200-10000 ppm (0.46% LEL - 22, 6% LEL, or 0.02-1% v/v), Natural gas: 200-10000 ppm (0.46% LEL - 22.6% LEL, or 0.02-1% v/v). Also, in the event of a malfunction of the gas contamination sensor of combustible gases 1.6, an error signal is generated by the central processor 1.2 and stored in the register, which is read by the visualization unit 1.2 through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10. Combustible gas sensor 1.6 is connected to the analog bus by soldering with tin-lead solder to the printed circuit board 1.1 through the galvanic isolation module 1.15. All data from the sensor gas contamination of combustible gases 1.6 is processed by the central processor 1.2 and stored in the register, which is read by the BV 2 through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10. In BO 1, a universal gas contamination sensor for combustible gases 1.6 is used, by default in the central processor 1.2 there is a setting for conversion factors for methane (natural gas, the composition of which is up to 98% methane). This setting can be changed when connected to BV 2 using a computer in order to use BW 1 in other conditions where it is required to control the air environment with other combustible gases or flammable liquids. When a combustible gas is detected in the work area, the central processor 1.2 generates a gas contamination signal. In this case, the signal is stored in the register, where it is read by the visualization unit through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10 and the stroboscope 1.4 is turned on, consisting of red LEDs located on the sealed housing 1.5, signaling an emergency. Also, the stroboscope 1.4 is switched on in case of a malfunction of the gas contamination sensor of combustible gases 1.6.

• Humidity sensor 1.8 uses a sensor that is sensitive to humidity. The sensor contains a microcircuit (operational amplifier), which digitizes the signal and amplifies it to calculate the humidity by the central processor 1.2, this signal is stored in the register, where the BV 2 is read through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10. Humidity sensor 1.8 is placed in a housing, which has openings for air access. The sensor uses galvanic isolation of the microcircuit. The humidity sensor sensor 1.8 is connected to the digital bus through the galvanic isolation module 1.15 by soldering with tin-lead solder to the printed circuit board 1.1. The control of the humidity parameter is carried out in order to determine the time of work of personnel at low temperatures. Measuring range: from 0 to 99% with an accuracy of 2%. Temperature range from -50°С to 80°С. Also, these parameters can be used in an approximate weather forecast.

• Temperature sensor 1.7 provides temperature measurement with a resolution of 9 to 12 bits. The range of measured temperatures is from -55°С to +125°С, with an error of ±0.5°С. Has an individual internal address. Data from the sensor is transmitted via a digital channel, which provides control of the sensor circuit from an open, malfunction or short circuit. If the temperature sensor 1.7 fails, a signal is generated by the central processor 1.2 and stored in the register, which is read by the BV 2 through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10. The sensor is made in a protected case and is connected to the digital bus through the galvanic isolation module 1.15 by soldering with tin-lead solder to the printed circuit board 1.1. The control of the temperature parameter is carried out in order to determine the time of work of personnel at low temperatures.

• Pressure sensor 1.9, which is based on a digital pressure sensor. To communicate with the central processor 1.2 uses a digital data bus, which makes it possible to control its malfunction. In the event of a failure of the pressure sensor 1.9, a signal is generated by the central processor 1.2 and stored in the register, which is read by the BV 2 through the internal interface using the transceiver 1.10. Pressure sensor 1.9 measures atmospheric pressure from 300 hPa to 1100 hPa (corresponding to altitudes from 9000 to -500 meters above sea level) with an accuracy of ±1 hPa. Since the unit of pressure used for calculations is mm. rt. Art. (millimeter of mercury), then the central processor 1.2 recalculates according to the formula stored in the controller data memory (EEPROM). The pressure sensor 1.9 is connected to the digital bus through the galvanic isolation module 1.15 by soldering with tin-lead solder to the printed circuit board 1.1. The control of the pressure parameter is carried out in order to determine the time of work of personnel at low temperatures and forecast precipitation.

f) Transceiver 1.10 consisting of a processor, signal amplifiers, an antenna module and a protocol matching unit. Data from the detection unit is transmitted over a secure channel and using encryption over a distance of up to 100 meters, which will ensure reliable communication with the BV 2. The transceiver 1.10 uses a bidirectional communication mode with the BV 2 and operates at a frequency of 2.47 GHz using encryption of transmitting data. Maximum output power 0 dBm, antenna gain: 2dBm. The transceiver 1.10 is connected connected to the digital bus through the galvanic isolation module 1.15 by soldering with tin-lead solder to the printed circuit board 1.1.

g) The galvanic isolation module 1.15 is used in BO 1 to protect the block elements from induced voltage on the sensors and at the same time excludes direct contact between the logical and current-carrying parts of the sensors and the printed circuit board 1.1.

BV 2, like BO 1, has similar elements that are described above and consists of:

2.1 PCB;

2.2 CPU;

2.3 Strobe and buzzer;

2.4 Hulls;

2.5 Transceiver;

2.6 Information display;

2.7 Power buttons;

2.8 Voltage conversion module;

2.9 Galvanic isolation module;

2.10 Transceiver of the data collection system;

2.11 Executive device;

2.12 Fuse.

h) Housing 2.4 BV 2 prevents access to internal parts from interfering with its performance. Also serves for fastening the printed circuit board 2.1, information display 2.6. Structurally, the body consists of 2 halves, for ease of maintenance by specialized personnel.

i) Printed circuit board 2.1 and its characteristics are the same as those of BO 1. Serves for mounting to it by soldering with tin-lead solder: the central processor 2.2, the transceiver 2.5, the actuator 2.11, the information display 2.6, the transceiver of the data acquisition system 2.10 , fuse 2.12, stroboscope and buzzer 2.3 and galvanic isolation module 2.9. Printed circuit board 2.1 is designed for electrical and mechanical connection of electronic components.

j) The central processor 2.2 used in CU 2 is similar in parameters to the central processor 1.2 used in CU 1. The central processor 2.1 CU 2 polls through the transceiver 2.5 the state of the CU 1 registers. The data read from the CU 1 registers are processed and stored in the internal memory registers, where they are are read by the transceiver of the data collection system 2.10 from the control point. Also, the central processor 2.1 data obtained after reading the registers BO 1 is transmitted to the information display 2.6. When detected in the memory registers BO 1 emergency messages, the central processor 2.1 generates a signal to the strobe and buzzer 2.3 to attract the attention of the excavator driver about emergencies. Also, emergency information is displayed on the information display 2.6 and is read by the transceiver of the data collection system 2.10.

k) Voltage conversion module 2.8 is used to convert the voltage of the on-board power supply network of the excavator into the power supply voltage of the BV. The conversion range is from 12 to 42 V, which ensures the connection of the BV to all vehicles with an on-board network supply of 12, 24 V. The voltage conversion module 2.8 is connected to the excavator's on-board network using a cigarette lighter connector. In the absence of a cigarette lighter socket in the 2.4 BV 2 case, a connector is provided for connecting power wires using screw connections. Also, next to the screw connections in the housing 2.4 there is a compartment where the fuse 2.12 is located to protect the BV 2 from a short circuit to which the power button 2.7 is connected. Also, the voltage conversion module 2.8 limits the maximum voltage and has protection against “reverse polarity”. The voltage conversion module 2.8 is connected to the printed circuit board 2.1 using wires with a sufficient cross section to power the consumers of the circuit. A power button 2.7 is connected to the voltage conversion module 2.8 in the power break to turn off the BV2.

l) Information display 2.6 is designed to display information processed by BV 2. BV 2 uses a liquid crystal display that can display 80 characters simultaneously (20 columns, 4 lines). Connected to the digital bus via a 2.9 galvanic isolation module by soldering with tin-lead solder to the 2.1 printed circuit board and uses a synchronous 8 bit parallel interface. Type of displayed information: symbolic, viewing angle: 180°, backlight color: blue (green and yellow), operating temperature from -20 to +70°С. Information display 2.6 shows in real time the value of the measured media BO 1: gas contamination, temperature, ambient humidity and pressure. Also shows the percentage of battery charge 1.3 BO. It is also capable of displaying messages transmitted from the control plane.

m) The transceiver of the data collection system 2.10 is used to transfer the collected information from the BV 2 to the level of the control room or the control level during the performance of work and is connected to the digital bus through the galvanic isolation module 2.9. That allows you to record and save data obtained when performing work with increased danger in the data collection system, SCADA systems (servers and computers), to evaluate the work being performed and (or) completed work. The data collection system transceiver 2.10 has a built-in Web interface where you can change its settings for a quality connection with a level of control. Also, through the transceiver of the data collection system 2.10, you can set the gas content settings (depending on the analyzed substances in the environment) to BO 1, while the calculation formula for BO 1 will be automatically changed.

o) BV 2 provides control of actuator 2.11, which has the ability to switch an electrical circuit with a current of up to 10 amperes and is connected to a discrete output. Actuator 2.11 is controlled by command from the control level (control room, work control point). A signal is received from the control level through the transceiver of the data collection system 2.10, processed by the central processor 2.2 BV 2 and through the galvanic isolation module 2.9 is fed to the actuator 2.11, which in turn switches the contacts. This solution is supposed to be used to break the power supply system of the excavator in case of emergency (collapse of the pit (trench), gas contamination, when the employee is close to the excavator and many other factors affecting the safety of work). It is also possible to control the siren with the help of the executive device 2.11, which, in turn, will also notify the performers of the work about the emergency.

BO 1 and BV 1 are two independent devices that together form a security system in the production of work with increased danger. They can also be used separately from each other, which covers more device applications. BV 2 can play messages from the control level on the information display and be placed in any car with a circuit power supply from 12 to 42 V (for example, a surveillance car (duty car) and control the contacts of the actuator 2.11. BO 1 can alternatively be used as a portable gas analyzer.

The application of the invention will reduce the number of people at the same time in the production of hazardous work and carry out continuous monitoring of the state of the air in the area of earthworks.

This system can be placed directly on the excavator boom (magnetic fastening on a neodymium magnet), and there is also a strap equipped with a reciprocal textile fastener (hook) for more secure fastening. In case of detection of gas contamination, the indication will work directly on the device. In addition, the parameters of the environment can be controlled via radio - remotely.

List of documents:

1. Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety "Rules for the safe conduct of gas hazardous, hot and repair work" approved by order of the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision dated November 20, 2017 N 485

2. Standard of Gazprom transgaz Ukhta LLC STO 49.50.21-00159025-30-017-2018 “Safe conduct of gas hazardous, fire and repair work at the facilities of GAZPROM TRANSGAZ Ukhta LLC”.

3. IVR instruction on labor protection during earthworks at the facilities of OOO Gazprom transgaz Ukhta No. IVR 001-19.

4. Instruction on labor protection when performing work at low temperatures No. IVR-003-19 (developed on the basis of Methodological recommendations MP 2.2.7.2129-06 "Work and rest regime for workers in cold weather in an open area or in unheated premises")

Claims (1)

An air environment monitoring system consisting of a detection unit and a visualization unit connected to each other via a radio channel and consisting of separate housings with printed circuit boards and central processors located inside them, while a temperature sensor is connected to the digital bus of the central processor of the detection unit through a galvanic isolation module, a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, a transceiver, a battery charge controller with a battery connected to it, a gas contamination sensor for propane, isobutane or natural gas is connected to the analog bus through a galvanic isolation module, LEDs acting as a stroboscope are connected to the discrete output to the printed circuit board a voltage conversion module is connected through the power button; a transceiver of the data acquisition system and an information display are connected to the digital bus of the central processor of the visualization unit through a galvanic isolation module, an actuator and a stroboscope with a buzzer are connected to the discrete output, a voltage conversion module is connected to the printed circuit board through the power button.

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