RU2628777C2 - "vortex" centrifuge for separation of inhomogeneous media, suspensions and emulsions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: centrifuge for separating liquid inhomogeneous media refers to process equipment intended for separating liquid inhomogeneous media in various industries into constituent fractions in the centrifugal force field. The centrifuge for separating liquid inhomogeneous media comprises a filter device mounted on the body-bottom base, consisting of a shell, an upper cover, and two shafts: a drive shaft and a supporting hollow shaft with radial openings and packs of removable membrane filter elements (PRMFE) and sets of turbolators. The PRMFE are secured through a spacer seal on the support shaft secured to the body-bottom. The set of turbulators through the regulating segments is mounted between the upper drive and lower support turbolators, and the upper drive turbolator is connected to a drive shaft concentrically coupled to the stationary support shaft. Rotation of the set of turbolators is provided through a pulley mounted on the shaft from an instrument electric motor mounted on a frame, and secure vertically through a belt gear. At that, the rotation occurs from 200 to 800 and from 800 to 2000 rpm. In addition, there is an opening for drilled in stationary shaft bottom for draining clean filtrate through a flange with a branch pipe. There are pipe connections for gauges, safety valves and an input connection pipe of initial mixture mounted on the upper cover. A concentrate collector is fixed to the body-bottom base on the peripheral part and a throttle valve is installed on a discharge pipe for pressure stabilisation. Body air-tightness is provided by installation of gaskets to weld joints, and the drive shaft output assembly is sealed with sleeve gaskets or end seals.

EFFECT: increase service life of the centrifuge, increase filtration performance, reduce metal consumption and energy intensity.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed invention is a Whirlwind centrifuge for separating inhomogeneous liquid media, relates to technological equipment intended for separating inhomogeneous liquid media in various industries into their constituent fractions in the field of action of centrifugal (gravitational) forces, using a microportical filtering mechanism, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration.

The proposed “Whirlwind” centrifuge for separating inhomogeneous liquid media, including a filter device mounted on the base of the shell of the shell, top cover, two shafts — a drive and support hollow with radial holes and packages of removable membrane filter elements (hereinafter PSMFE) and sets of turbulators. PSMFE is fixed through the spacer seal on the support shaft, which is fixed to the bottom housing. A set of turbulators of an engine mounted on a frame, mounted vertically through a belt drive, is mounted between the upper drive and lower supporting turbulators through the regulating segments. The upper drive turbulizer is connected to a drive shaft concentrically conjugated with the reference stationary shaft. The rotation of the set of turbulizers is provided through a pulley mounted on the shaft from the instrument electric motor mounted on the frame, mounted vertically through a belt drive. Rotation occurs at low speeds from 200 to 800 and from 800 to 2000 rpm. In a fixed hollow shaft, a hole was drilled in the bottom for removal of clean filtrate through a flange with a nozzle. On the top cover there are fittings for the pressure gauge, safety valves and a fitting for introducing the initial mixture. A concentrate collector is fixed to the base of the bottom body on the peripheral part. A throttle valve is installed to stabilize the pressure on the pipe. The tightness of the housing is ensured by the installation of gaskets for welded joints. The drive shaft output assembly is sealed by cups or mechanical seals.

Description of the invention.

The invention is the proposed centrifuge "Whirlwind", relates to technological equipment for the separation of heterogeneous liquid media and can be used in food, microbiological, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, medical, forestry, engineering, electricity, metallurgy, light and other industries, as well as in construction , agriculture and communal services. Used as a single centrifuge in the form of a single module, and modular installations in the form of a different number of modules.

Known membrane apparatus ((19) RU (11) 2072252 (13) C1). A membrane apparatus containing a set of alternating membrane and intermediate elements with channels for the flow of the separated mixture, concentrate and permeate, in which the membrane and intermediate elements are made in the form of frames with devices, provided with gaskets made in the form of frames and located on both sides of the membrane and intermediate elements while the internal dimensions of the gaskets are smaller than the window sizes of the frames of the membrane and intermediate elements, and drainage devices are placed in the gap between the gaskets of each element but.

The known membrane apparatus provides only filtering and has a number of disadvantages that reduce the performance of this apparatus:

1) an increase in its productivity and separating ability is still achieved due to the high energy intensity and metal consumption, its cost;

2. the degree of dehydration of the solid fraction is low;

3) the liquid medium passes a large portion of the path without receiving pre-filtration;

4) the membranes are non-removable and do not have self-regeneration, which requires an additional stop to perform these actions, as well as the non-removability of the membranes does not allow their use for various types of filtration;

5) during the entire working period of separation on the surface of the membrane, a precipitate of various substances is formed, including colloidal, which impede the operation of the apparatus.

Thus, the task is to solve all the above problems, improve the apparatus, increase productivity, reduce energy and metal consumption, reduce costs for it.

The proposed centrifuge "Whirlwind" solves all these problems by introducing the following:

1) two shafts - drive and support hollow with radial holes;

2) a package of removable membrane filter elements (PSMFE) of different sizes and porosity;

3) a set of turbulators, unwinding liquids and washing off the fraction that has not passed through the membranes;

4) a set of turbulators through the regulating segments is mounted between the upper drive and lower supporting turbulizer. The upper drive turbulizer is connected to the drive shaft concentrically conjugated with the reference stationary shaft;

5) the rotation of the set of turbulizers is provided through a pulley mounted on the shaft from the instrument electric motor mounted on the frame, mounted vertically through a belt drive (rotation occurs at low speeds from 200 to 800 and from 800 to 2000 rpm).

The technical result of the proposed centrifuge and the objective of the invention is:

1) increase productivity, bandwidth; increase productivity through the introduction of modular installations;

2) increasing the separation ability of the media at a high level of microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration;

3) using a combination of centrifugation and filtration processes;

4) lowering specific metal consumption, energy consumption, reducing energy costs, and hence the cost of the apparatus;

5) simplifying the design of the apparatus and the technology for its manufacture;

6) achieving higher efficiency of processing liquid heterogeneous media, suspensions, emulsions;

7) to increase the cross-country ability of the filtered material in the Whirlwind centrifuge, starting from the very beginning of the path of movement of the filtered mass;

8) increasing the degree of dehydration of the shared mass.

To achieve a technical result and solve the problem of the invention, a Whirlwind centrifuge is proposed for separating inhomogeneous liquid media, including a filter device mounted on the base of a shell from a shell, a top cover, two shafts — a drive and support hollow with radial holes and PSMFE and a set of turbulators . PSMFE is fixed through the spacer seal on the support shaft mounted on the bottom housing. A set of turbulators, mounted vertically, through the control segments is fixed between the upper drive and lower supporting turbulizer. The upper drive turbulizer is connected to a drive shaft concentrically conjugated with the reference stationary shaft. The rotation of the set of turbulizers is provided through a pulley mounted on the shaft from the instrument electric motor mounted on the frame, mounted vertically through a belt drive. The rotation occurs at low speeds from 200 to 800 and from 800 to 2000 rpm. In a fixed hollow shaft, a hole was drilled in the bottom for removal of clean filtrate through a flange with a nozzle. On the top cover there are fittings for the pressure gauge, safety valves and a fitting for introducing the initial mixture. A concentrate collector is fixed to the base of the body-bottom on the peripheral part. A throttle valve is installed to stabilize the pressure on the pipe. The tightness of the housing is ensured by the installation of gaskets for welded joints.

The electric motor is not shown in the drawing.

Explanations for the drawing of the Centrifuge "Whirlwind" for the separation of liquid inhomogeneous media:

1 - upper drive shaft

2 - pulley

3 - top cover

4 - supporting fixed shaft

5 - input fitting

6 - a bolt for fixing

7 - shell

8 - set of turbulators

9 - upper drive turbulator

10 - regulatory segments

11 - PSMFE

12- bottom case

13 - safety valve

14 - seal spacers

15 - the union for the manometer

16 - lower supporting turbolizer

17 - a bolt for a coupler

18 - upper flange

19 - bottom flange

20 - pipe

21 - collection of concentrate

22 - hole in the bottom

23 - fitting

24 - pipe exhaust

25 - radial holes

26 - throttle valve

The Whirlwind centrifuge for separating inhomogeneous liquid media includes a filtering device mounted on the base of the bottom body (12), from the shell (7), the top cover (3), fixed with a bolt (6); two shafts - drive (1) and supporting hollow (4), in which there are radial holes (25) and PSMFE (11) and a set of turbulators (8). PSMFE is fixed through the seal of the spacer (14) on the support shaft (4), which is tightly fixed to the bottom housing (12). A set of turbulators (8) through the regulating segments (10) is mounted between the upper drive turbulizer (9) and the lower support turbulizer (16), which are pulled together by a bolt (17). The upper drive turbolizer (9) is connected by welding to the drive shaft (1), which is concentrically mated to the supporting fixed shaft (4). The support stationary shaft (4) is attached by the upper flange (18) to the bottom (12). The rotation of the set of turbulizers is provided through a pulley (2) mounted on the shaft (1) from the instrument electric motor mounted on the frame, mounted vertically through a belt drive.

In the place of installation of the fixed shaft (4), a hole was drilled in the bottom for the removal of clean filtrate through the lower flange (19) with a pipe (20). A fitting for the pressure gauge (15), safety valves (13) and an inlet fitting (5) of the initial mixture are installed on the top cover. A concentrate collector (21) is fixed to the base of the bottom body (12) on the peripheral part. The filtered fractions (concentrate) are sent through an opening (22) in the bottom (12) from the concentrate collector (21) and through the nozzle (23) are discharged from the filtering device - a centrifuge. To stabilize the pressure on the exhaust pipe (24), a throttle valve (26) is installed.

The tightness of the housing is ensured by the installation of gaskets for welded joints. The drive shaft output assembly is sealed by cuffs or mechanical (standard) seals.

Centrifuge “Whirlwind works as follows.

The initial mixture entering the installation through the inlet fitting (5) under pressure of the feed pump is pumped through PSMFE (11) and enters the hollow support shaft (4) through radial holes (25), then the filtrate is removed from the centrifuge through the outlet pipe (20). A set of turbulators and control segments are pulled together by bolts (17) and during rotation ensures the movement of the initial mixture over the surface of PSMFE, avoiding contamination of the cleaning surface. Under the action of centrifugal force, the unfiltered fraction, which is heavier, is discarded to the periphery and, under its own weight, is collected in the lower part of the periphery, from where it is squeezed out by the incoming flow through the throttle valve (26), to stabilize the pressure on the fitting (23) on the exhaust pipe (24) throttle valve (26) is installed.

Thus, the technical result of the invention is achieved and all the tasks set above are solved. The rotation of the set of turbulators forms a vortex motion, which ensures self-regeneration of PSMFE, and prevents clogging of their pores by the solid phase, which allows to increase the life of the Whirlwind centrifuge, as well as increase productivity, reduce overall dimensions, and reduce metal and energy consumption.

Claims (2)

1. A centrifuge for separating liquid inhomogeneous media, comprising a filter device mounted on the base of the bottom body, consisting of a shell, a top cover, two shafts - a drive and support hollow with radial holes and packages of removable membrane filter elements (PSMFE) and sets of turbulators, where PSMFE are fixed through the spacer seal on the support shaft mounted on the bottom housing, a set of turbulators is mounted between the upper drive and lower support turbulators through the regulating segments and the upper drive turbolizer is connected to the drive shaft concentrically conjugated with the supporting fixed shaft, and the set of turbolizers is rotated through a pulley mounted on the shaft from an electric motor mounted on a frame mounted vertically through a belt drive, while the rotation occurs at revolutions from 200 to 800 and from 800 to 2000 rpm, also in a fixed hollow shaft in the bottom a hole was drilled to drain the clean filtrate through a flange with a nozzle, fittings for I of the pressure gauge, safety valves and the inlet of the input mixture, a concentrate collector is fixed to the base of the bottom case on the peripheral part and a throttle valve is installed to stabilize the pressure on the exhaust pipe, in addition, the tightness of the housing is ensured by the installation of gaskets to the welded joints, and the drive shaft output unit sealed by cuffs or mechanical seals. 2. The centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that PSMFE are used in different sizes and porosities.

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