RU2588161C2 - Compositions containing anthraquinone derivatives as growth and antifungal agents - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to agrochemical compositions and methods of stimulating plant growth. Presented composition contains anthraquinone derivatives, fiscion or emodin obtained from Reynoutria sachalinensis, and is intended for processing of plant roots.

EFFECT: presented composition provides growth modulation of roots of plants, as well as protection from fungus diseases.

6 cl, 7 tbl, 6 ex

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention provides the use of compositions, in particular plant extracts containing anthraquinone derivatives, for modulating plant growth, modulating rooting of plants, and modulating seed germination of plants. The use of plant extracts containing anthraquinone derivatives is also proposed for modulating, in particular, control of plant diseases transmitted through the soil.

BACKGROUND

Giant Highlander Extract (Reynoutria sachalinensis) sold by Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc. under the names of Milsan (MILSANA®) and Regalia (REGALIA®), provides control of powdery mildew and other diseases in pumpkin and other crops, mainly due to the induction of accumulation of fungitoxic phenolic compounds in the plant (Daayf et al., 1995; Wurms et al . 1999; Schmitt, 2002). Recently, a composition containing giant highlander extract has also been shown to be highly effective in conferring resistance to plant pathogens to various crops, including powdery mildew of wheat (Vechet et al., 2009). In addition to a mechanism of action based on systemic induced resistance (SIU), a direct fungistatic action against powdery mildew of wheat has recently been shown for a composition containing an extract from R. sachalinensis (Blumeria graminis f. Sp. Tritici; Randoux et al., 2008) .

Plant protection inducers, such as Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, have been tested in vats and alternated with other products that provide systemic acquired resistance (SPU) / SIU, as well as with biological control agents (ICA) (Hafez et al., 1999; Belanger and Benyagoub, 1997; Schmitt et al. 2002; Schmitt and Seddon, 2005; Bardin et al., 2008). The purpose of these studies was mainly to demonstrate the compatibility of various types of plant extracts with biological control agents. Konstatinidou-Doltsinis et al. (2007) examined the effects of the product based on R. sachalinensis in alternation with the product based on Pseudozyma flocculosa against powdery mildew of grapes, and it was found that the alternate use of both products improved the effectiveness of the extract of R. sachalinensis. In the same study, the alternate use of sulfur and R. sachalinensis extract did not have a beneficial effect. Belanger and Benyagoub (1997) found that the yeast-like fungus Pseudozyma flocculosa was compatible with Reynoutria sachalinensis when used against powdery mildew in cucumbers in a greenhouse. Similarly, Bokshi et al. (2008) evaluated the combined action of the activator of the systemic acquired resistance of benzothiadiazole and the Milsan preparation against powdery mildew of cucumbers, and it was found that the Milsan preparation, used in alternation with benzothiadiazole, provided an effective measure to control powdery mildew in the field. However, based on the severity of the disease and the harvest data collected, it was not possible to determine whether the beneficial effect was additive or synergistic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides the use of a composition containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives that modulate and, in particular, stimulate the growth of a plant (e.g., crops, such as fruits (e.g., strawberries), vegetables (e.g., tomato, pumpkin, pepper, eggplant) or crops (e.g., soybeans, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental plants, shrubs (e.g. cotton, roses), bulb plants (e.g. onions, garlic) or climbing plants (e.g. grapes)) and also in private ti, modulate or stimulate rooting. According to a relevant aspect, there is provided a method for modulating plant growth (e.g., crops, such as fruits (e.g., strawberries), vegetables (e.g., tomato, pumpkin, peppers, eggplant) or crops (e.g., soy, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental plants, shrubs (e.g. cotton, roses), bulb plants (e.g. onions, garlic) or climbing plants (e.g. grapes)) using a certain amount of a composition containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives, modulo boiling and, in particular stimulate growth by, for example, modulating or, in particular, to stimulate rooting of said plant.

In a specific embodiment, the composition may be a plant extract or, in other words, an extract obtained from a plant. The specified extract can be obtained from plants of the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae) (for example, Reynoutria sachalinensis).

The specified extract can be applied to the roots of the plant before planting it in the soil. Thus, a method for modulating the extent of the roots of a plant is provided, comprising: (a) treating one or more roots of the plant with said extract in an amount effective to modulate the length of the roots when planting in the soil; (b) planting the plant treated in accordance with paragraph (a) in the soil.

In a corresponding aspect, there is also provided a composition for use for modulating plant growth, comprising one or more anthraquinone derivatives modulating plant growth, and optionally a second substance, wherein said second substance is a plant growth promoter.

It is also proposed the use of a composition, which may be an extract containing or comprising one or more anthraquinone derivatives that modulate the germination of a plant’s seed, for example, crops such as fruits (eg, strawberries), vegetables (eg, tomato, pumpkin, pepper, eggplant) or crops (e.g. soy, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental plants, shrubs (e.g. cotton, roses), bulb plants (e.g. onions, garlic) or climbing plants (e.g. grapes), To modulate this germination. According to a corresponding aspect, there is provided a method for modulating seed germination of a plant, comprising treating said plant with an amount of a composition containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives that modulate soil transmitted infectious diseases of the plant, effective for modulating said germination of the seed of the plant. Again, the composition may be a plant extract.

According to a corresponding aspect, there is also provided a composition for use for modulating seed germination of a plant, comprising one or more anthraquinone derivatives modulating seed germination of the plant, and optionally a second substance, wherein said second substance is a coating agent.

It is also proposed the use of a composition, which may be an extract containing or consisting of one or more derivatives of anthraquinone, modulating and, in particular, modulating soil transmitted diseases, in particular soil transmitted diseases other than diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, plants (e.g. , crops, such as fruits (e.g., strawberries), vegetables (e.g., tomato, pumpkin, pepper, eggplant) or crops (e.g., soy, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental asthenia, shrubs (e.g., cotton, roses), bulbs (e.g., onions, garlic) or climbing plants (e.g., grapes)). According to a corresponding aspect, there is provided a method for modulating soil-transmitted infectious diseases of a plant, comprising treating said plant with an amount of a composition containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives that modulate soil-transmitted infectious diseases of a plant, effective for modulating said soil-transmitted infectious diseases of the plant. Again, the composition may be a plant extract.

According to a corresponding aspect, there is also provided a composition for use for modulating soil-borne plant diseases, comprising one or more anthraquinone derivatives modulating soil-borne plant diseases, and optionally a second substance, wherein said second substance is a plant anti-phytopathogenic agent.

In the above compositions and methods, the plant may be a fruit, vegetable, tree, shrub, bulb plant, climbing plant. Fruit, vegetable, tree, flower, ornamental plant, shrub, bulb plant, climbing plant may include, but are not limited to, strawberries, pumpkin, cucumber, tomato, roses, pepper, cotton, eggplant, onions and garlic, soy, wheat, rice, corn, types of grapes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the case of indicating a range of values, it should be understood that each intermediate value, up to one tenth of the lower limit, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, between the upper and lower limits of this range and any other set or intermediate value in that set range are within the scope of the invention . The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges, which may independently be included in smaller ranges, are also within the scope of the invention, subject to any particular excluded limit within the stated range. In the case where the established range includes one or both limits, ranges excluding either of those both included limits are within the scope of the invention.

Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the meanings commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention relates. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described in this application can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, preferred methods and materials will be described below.

It should be noted that in the present application and the attached claims, the indefinite and definite singular forms include the plural forms, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term "mushroom" also means "mushrooms."

As used herein, the term “modulate” refers to a change in the degree of growth and, preferably, an increase in the degree or rate of growth or germination of a plant seed or a change and, preferably, a decrease in the number of infectious diseases transmitted through the soil that are present in fruits or vegetables, or in the rate of spread of the ones transmitted through the soil plant infectious diseases.

Songs

The compositions used in the methods described herein contain anthraquinone derivatives as biochemical agricultural products for use in modulating and preferably stimulating plant growth and / or modulating and, preferably, stimulating seed germination and / or modulation and, preferably , suppression of soil-borne infectious plant diseases. In particular, the composition may be a plant extract. Thus, the term “comprise” also refers to extracts that provide the effect of said anthraquinone derivatives. In a specific embodiment, the anthraquinone derivative (s) used is (are) the main active ingredient (s) or one of the main active ingredients.

Derivatives of anthraquinone include, but are not limited to, fiscion, emodin, chrysofanol, ventloquinone, emodin glycoside, chrysofanol glycoside, fiscion glycoside, 3,4-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-anthraquinone-2-carboxaldehyde, damnacanthal. These derivatives have the following similar structure:

,

,

where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are hydrogen, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, halogen, carboxyl, alkyl, alkoxyl, alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyl, alkynyloxy, heterocyclyl, aromatic or aryl group, sugars, such like glucose.

In a specific embodiment, anthraquinone derivatives are proposed that can be contained in or obtained from extracts obtained from plant families, including, but not limited to, the Buckwheat (Polygonaceae), Buckwheat (Rhamnaceae), Legumes (Fabaceae), Asphodelaceae (Asphodelaceae) family , Marens (Rubiaceae), etc. In particular, these compounds can be obtained from any part of the plants, such as the leaf, stem, bark, root and fruits. Plant materials may be wet and dry, but preferably dry plant materials. In the present application, the term “obtained from” means directly isolated or obtained from a specific source or, alternatively, having identifying characteristics of a substance or organism isolated or obtained from a specific source. To comply with biochemical agricultural products, the solvents and processes used in the extraction and purification must meet the requirements of the National Organic Program (NOP) [http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/nop, July 20 2009 year].

In a more specific embodiment, the plant extract is obtained from a member of the Polygonaceae family. In a specific embodiment, the extract in said combination comprises fiscion derivatives of anthraquinone and, optionally, emodin. Representatives of the Polygonaceae family include, but are not limited to, Acetosella, Antigonon, Aristocapsa, Bilderdykia, Brunnichia, Centrostegia, Chorizanthe, Coccoloba, Coccolobis, Coccolobo, Corculum, Dedeckera, Delopyrum, Dentoceras, Dodexogoprioma, Epoemogopriomafriopmafriopma Gilmania, Goodmania, Harfordia, Hollisteria, Koenigia, Lastarriaea, Mucronea, Muehlenbeckia, Nemacaulis, Oxyria, Oxytheca, Perscarioa, Persicaria, Pleuropterus, Podopterus, Polygonella, Tumur, Polygonella, Rheomon, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum, Rheum and Rheum Tracaulon, Triplaris, and in an even more specific embodiment, the extract can be obtained from species of the genus Reynoutria (alternatively called Fallopia) or species of the genus Rheum. In a most specific embodiment, the extract is obtained from Reynoutria sachalinensis.

Plant growth stimulants

Compositions indicated above, which may be in the form of an extract (such as products sold under the trade names Regalia (REGALIA®) and Milsan (MILSANA®)), can be used in combination with other growth stimulants, such as synthetic or organic fertilizers ( for example, diammonium phosphate, either in granular or liquid form), compost teas, seaweed extracts, plant growth hormones, such as IAA (indolylacetic acid), used in the treatment of hormones to root seedlings or in individually, or in combination with plant growth regulators, such as IMA (indolylbutyric acid) and NAA (naphthylacetic acid), and microbial growth stimulants, such as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonads, Rhizobia, Trichoderma.

Seed Coating Agents

The compositions mentioned above may be in the form of an extract, either in solid / powder or in liquid form (such as products sold under the trade names Regalia and Milsan) and may also be used in combination with coating agents. Such coating agents include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, chitosan, carboxymethylchitosan, peat moss, resins and waxes or chemical fungicides or bactericides, with a mechanism of action to target a single site, or to multiple sites, or with an unknown mechanism of action .

Anti-phytopathogenic agents

Compositions indicated above, which may be in the form of an extract (such as products sold under the trade names Regalia and Milsan), may also be used in combination with other anti-phytopathogenic agents, such as plant extracts, biopesticides, inorganic seed dressers (such as copper), surfactants (such as ramnolipids; Gandhi et al., 2007) or natural oils such as paraffin oil and tea tree oil with pesticidal properties, or chemical fungicides acidides or bactericides with either a single site, multiple sites, or an unknown mechanism of action. As used herein, the term “anti-phytopathogenic agent” refers to an agent that modulates the growth of a plant pathogen, in particular a pathogen that causes soil borne plant diseases, or, alternatively, that prevents a plant pathogen from becoming infected. The plant pathogen includes, but is not limited to, a fungus, bacteria, actinomycetes, or a virus.

As noted above, the anti-phytopathogenic agent may be an antifungal agent targeted at a single site, which may include, but is not limited to, benzimidazole, a demethylation inhibitor (IDM) (e.g., imidazole, piperazine, pyrimidine, triazole), morpholine, hydroxypyrimidine, anilinopyrimidine, phosphothioate, an external quinone binding center inhibitor, quinoline, dicarboximide, carboximide, phenylamide, anilinopyrimidine, phenylpyrrole, aromatic hydrocarbon, cinnamic acid, hydroxyanilide, antibiotic, poly Xin, acylamino, phthalimide, benzoid (ksililalanin). In a more specific embodiment, the antifungal agent is a demethylation inhibitor selected from the group consisting of imidazole, piperazine, pyrimidine and triazole (e.g., bitertanol, miclobutanyl, penconazole, propiconazole, triadimefon, bromukonazole, ciproconazole, diaconazole, diaconazole, diaconazole tetraconazole). In a most specific embodiment, the antifungal agent is myclobutanil. In yet another specific embodiment, the antifungal agent is an inhibitor of an external quinone binding center (e.g., strobilurin). Strobilurin may include, but is not limited to, azoxystrobin, kreoxime methyl, or trifloxystrobin. In yet another specific embodiment, the antifungal agent is quinone, for example quinoxifene (5,7-dichloro-4-quinolyl-4-fluorophenyl ether).

In a further embodiment, the fungicide is a multi-site targeted inorganic chemical fungicide selected from the group consisting of chloronitrile, quinoxaline, sulfamide, phosphonate, phosphite, dithiocarbamate, chloroalkylthio compounds, phenylpyridylamine, cyanacetamide oxime.

In a further embodiment, the anti-phytopathogenic agent may be streptomycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, copper, casugamycin.

Applications

These compositions, in particular plant extracts or compounds mentioned above, can be used to modulate or, more specifically, stimulate the growth of plants, for example, crops such as fruits (e.g. strawberries), vegetables (e.g. tomato, pumpkin, pepper , eggplant), or crops (e.g. soy, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental plants, shrubs (e.g. cotton, roses), bulb plants (e.g. onions, garlic), or climbing plants (e.g. grapes) and, even more so, specifically stimulating the early rooting of said plants. Compositions can be used to modulate the germination of the seed (s) of a plant (s). In addition, these compositions can be used to modulate the amount of soil-borne infectious diseases of plants and, in particular, to prevent or suppress said soil-borne infectious diseases and / or to reduce the rate and / or degree of spread of these soil-borne infectious diseases in said plants . Again, plants include, but are not limited to (e.g., strawberries), vegetables (e.g., tomato, pumpkin, pepper, eggplant) or crops (e.g., soy, wheat, rice, corn), trees, flowers, ornamental plants , shrubbery (e.g. cotton, roses), bulbous plants (e.g. onion, garlic), or a climbing plant (e.g. grape). Land-borne diseases include, but are not limited to, infectious diseases caused by fungi other than fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia, such as Pythium, Phytophthora, Vertilicillium, Sclerotium, Colletotrichum and Fusarium.

The specified composition (for example, a plant extract) or the prepared product can be used separately or simultaneously with the other component or components mentioned above, such as growth stimulants and / or anti-phytopathogenic agents in the tank mixture or according to the program (sequential use, called alternation) with a predetermined order and interval of use during the growing season. When used in combination with the aforementioned products at a concentration lower than that recommended in the instructions for use, the combined effectiveness of two or more products (one of which is said plant extract) in a preferred embodiment exceeds the total effect of all individual components. Therefore, the effect is enhanced by the synergism between these two (or more) products, and the risk of developing pesticide resistance among phytopathogenic strains is reduced.

The composition (for example, a plant extract) can be applied by immersing the roots when planting in the soil, in particular by treating the fruit or vegetable with a plant extract by immersing the roots of the fruit or vegetable in a suspension of said extract (from about 0.25 to about 1.5% , and more specifically, from about 0.5% to about 1.0% v / v) before the fruit or vegetable is planted in the soil.

Alternatively, the composition (eg, plant extract) can be applied using a drip irrigation system or other irrigation system. Specifically, the plant extract can be introduced into the drip irrigation system. In a specific embodiment, the extract may be applied at a rate of from about 11 to about 4 quarts per acre.

In yet another embodiment, the composition may be added as a preparation for application to the furrow. Specifically, the composition may be added upon landing as a spray for application into the furrow using spray tips 30 calibrated for a total productivity of 2-6 gallons / acre. The spray tips are placed in the coulter on the seeder, so that the application of pesticide and the release of seeds into the furrow occur simultaneously. The mixtures mentioned above and, if necessary, a solid or liquid adjuvant are prepared in a known manner. For example, mixtures can be prepared by homogenously mixing and / or grinding the active ingredients with diluents, such as solvents, solid carriers and, if necessary, surface-active compounds (surfactants). The compositions may also contain additional ingredients, such as stabilizers, viscosity regulators, binders, adjuvants, as well as fertilizers or other active ingredients in order to obtain special effects.

EXAMPLES

The following examples are presented to describe preferred embodiments and uses according to the present invention and do not limit the invention, unless otherwise stated in the claims appended hereto.

Example 1. The effect of Reynoutria sachalinensis on strawberry growth

A 16-acre strawberry field was treated with a solution of an extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis (sold under the trade name Regalia (REGALIA®)) at a concentration of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% (v / v) individually or Streptomyces lydicus sold under the name ACTINOVATE® (Natural Industries, Inc.) by immersing the plants in Regalia in a 250 gallon feed chute for approximately 3 minutes. After nine days, all the plants treated with Regalia were very healthy and actively growing, while the crops treated with Actinovat showed gaps in the row where the plants were dead. Plants treated with Regalia had overgrown, branched roots, while plants treated with Actinovat could have three or four growing roots.

Example 2. The effect of Reynoutria sachalinensis on germination of soybean seeds

The dry extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis was dissolved in 95% ethanol at a concentration of 5% (w / v) and sonicated for 10 minutes. The solution was used to coat soybean seeds in various ratios.

Seed coating: Soybean seeds (Glycine max) were surface sterilized by soaking the seeds in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 3 minutes and washed three times with sterile water. Used the following types of processing.

1. Uncoated.

2. A coating agent (for example, SEPIRET® 1171-O (Becker Underwood, Inc.) at a dose of 12 g / kg of seeds).

3. Coating agent plus 2 ml of 95% ethanol.

4. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 10 g / kg of seeds.

5. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 2 g / kg of seeds.

6. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 0.2 g / kg of seeds.

7. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 0.05 g / kg of seeds.

8. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 0.025 g / kg seed.

9. Coating agent plus extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis at a dose of 0.0125 g / kg seed.

Germination score: Seeds subjected to the above treatments were placed in 10 cm diameter Petri dishes with 10 ml of sterile water and left in the dark at room temperature (25 ° C). After 5 days, an additional 10 ml of sterile water was added to each Petri dish, and the seeds were left uncovered to react to light for three days. Germination and seed color were compared and recorded after various treatments.

Results and conclusions: Seeds treated with an extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis had longer roots and greener cotyledons. Seeds coated in a dose of 0.025 to 2 g / kg of seeds showed the best treatment effect.

Example 3. The effect of Reynoutria sachalinensis (prepared as REGALIA®ME) on the growth of strawberry seedlings

Plant immersion: For the present study, open-cv plants / seedlings were used. Cv. Albion. Plants were soaked in each treatment solution for 5 minutes before planting in the soil.

Types of processing:

1. Untreated control (water).

2. The drug REGALIA®ME in a concentration of 0.50% v / v (1: 200), used to completely immerse the plant.

3. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 1.00% v / v (1: 100), used to completely immerse the plant.

4. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 1: 200 + Aliette WDG fungicide at a concentration of 2.5 lbs / 100 gallons (3.0 g / l), used to completely immerse the plant; the plants were soaked for 15 minutes in accordance with the instructions for use.

5. ALIETTE®WDG (Bayer CropScience, contains aluminum tris (O-ethylphosphonate) as an active ingredient) at a concentration of 2.5 g / 100 gal; the plants were soaked for 15 minutes in accordance with the instructions for use.

Used 5 plants for each repetition and four repetitions for each treatment. Processing procedures were organized as a randomized, full-block plan.

Assessment: For all plants, the percentage of the area of white roots to the total area of the roots and the percentage of the mass of feeding roots to the total mass of the roots 14 days after treatment were evaluated (Table 1).

Results and conclusions: A 42% increase in the area of new white roots was observed at a dilution of 1: 200 (v / v) and a 123% increase at a dilution of 1: 100 (v / v) compared with the water control. The mass of nourishing roots also increased by 14.9% at a dilution of 1: 200 and by 43% at a dilution of 1: 100 (Table 1).

Table 1 The percentage of the growth area of white roots and nourishing roots after treatment with REGALIA (REGALIA®)
( ^{* The} data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the least significant difference (LSD) method) Treatment White roots (% of area) Nourishing roots (% wt.) Water 14.7 a ^* 11.4 a REGALIA®ME 1: 200 (V / V) 21.0 a 13.1 a REGALIA®ME 1: 100 (V / V) 32.8 a 16.3 a REGALIA®ME 1: 200 + ALIETTE® 30.8 a 16.3 a ALIETTE® 2.5 g / 100 gal 24.0 a 14.3 a

Example 4. The use of Reynoutria sachalinensis (prepared in the form of the drug REGALIA® ME) to enhance the rooting of strawberries

Plant Immersion: This study consisted of 7 treatments conducted on Day 0 and Day 14 to evaluate the effectiveness of REGALIA®ME in controlling soil transmitted diseases and enhancing the rooting and development of strawberries along the central coast of California. The study was conducted in Guadeloupe, California, USA. Strawberry seedlings with open roots cv. Albion was planted in raised beds 3.33 feet × 15 feet in size. Used the following types of processing.

Types of processing:

Four replicates were used for each of the treatments, which were organized as a randomized full block plan.

1. Raw control.

2. REGALIA®ME preparation at a concentration of 0.25% (v / v), used to completely immerse the plant before planting in the soil.

3. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% (v / v), used to completely immerse the plant before planting in the soil.

4. The preparation REGALIA®ME in a concentration of 0.1% (v / v), used to completely immerse the plant before planting in the soil.

5. REGALIA®ME in an amount of 2 quarts / acre applied by drip irrigation immediately after sowing and after two weeks.

6. REGALIA®ME in an amount of 4 quarts / acre applied by drip irrigation immediately after sowing and after two weeks.

7. ALIETTE®WDG at 2.5 lbs / acre applied by drip irrigation immediately after sowing and after two weeks.

Assessment: The assessment consisted of determining the size of five plants per plot for calculating plant density and measuring plant mass on Day 7, Day 11, Day 15, Day 20, Day 25 and Day 30.

Results and conclusions: A significant increase in plant mass was observed after immersion in or irrigation with REGALIA®ME (Table 2) compared to the untreated control. The increase in plant mass ranged from 39.6% to 71.7%.

table 2 The average total weight of strawberry plants (g) for each repeated plot, presented by evaluating the data for each type of treatment
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) No. p / p Treatment Ratio Day 7 Day 11 Day 15 Day 20 Day 25 Day 30 one Raw control N / A 16.0 a ^* 19.0 ab 15.0 a 14.5 a 13.5 b 13.3 s 2 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.25% 14.1 a 22.8 ab 16.3 a 16.5 a 21.5 a 18.5 b 3 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.5% 15.0 a 11.8 c 16.3 a 13.1 a 24.3 a 19.3 ab four REGALIA®ME Dive 1,0% 15.0 a 10.5 c 17.8 a 17.5 a 22.0 a 22.8 a 5 REGALIA®ME irrigation 2 sq / acre 15.3 a 13.8 be 17.0 a 15.5 a 21.8 a 22.0 ab 6 REGALIA®ME irrigation 4 sq / acre 14.3 a 14.3 be 18.3 a 16.0 a 21.0 a 22.8 a

The masses of plant roots treated with REGALIA®ME also increased significantly from 52.8% to 88.9% (Table 3).

Table 3 The average root mass (g) of strawberry roots for each repeated section, presented by evaluating the data for each type of processing
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) No. p / p Treatment Ratio Day 7 Day 11 Day 15 Day 20 Day 25 Day 30 one Raw control n / a 12.0 a ^* 13.5 a 10.0 a 10.8 a 9.3 b 9.0 s 2 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.25% 11.1 a 16.5 a 11.0 a 12.0 a 17.0 a 13.8 b 3 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.5% 11.5 a 7.3 b 10.5 a 9.9 a 19.8 a 15,0 ab four REGALIA®ME Dive 1,0% 12.5 a 7.5 b 11.8 a 13.0 a 18.3 a 17.0 a 5 REGALIA®ME irrigation 2 sq / acre 11.5 a 8.8 b 11.0 a 11.8 a 16.8 a 16.3 ab 6 REGALIA®ME irrigation 4 sq / acre 10.5 a 9.3 b 11.8 a 10.8 a 17.3 a 16.3 ab

7 ALIETTE®ME Dive 2.5 feet / acre 10.5 a 8.8 b 14.3 a 7.5 a 16.5 a 16.3 ab

Example 5. The use of Reynoutria sachalinensis (prepared in the form of the drug REGALIA®ME) to enhance plant growth and increase strawberry yield

Plant Immersion: This study was conducted in Dover, Florida, USA. Strawberry seedlings with open roots cv. Festival was planted in two-row beds in the amount of 30 plants for each plot with an interval of 4 feet between rows and 14 inches between plants. This study consisted of 7 types of treatment, in the case of treatments 2, 3, 4 and 7, the application was carried out by immersing the plants before planting on Day 0, and in the case of treatments 5 and 6, the soil was additionally soaked one day after sowing (Day 1) and administering by drip injection on Day 14, Day 27 and Day 47, Day 59 and Day 78.

Types of processing:

1. Raw control.

2. The preparation REGALIA®ME in a concentration of 0.25% (v / v), immersion before planting in the soil.

3. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% (v / v), immersion before planting in the soil.

4. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 1.0% (v / v), immersion before planting in the soil.

5. The preparation REGALIA®ME in an amount of 2.0 quarts / acre, soil soaking (drip).

6. The preparation REGALIA®ME in the amount of 4.0 quarts / acre, soil soaking (drip).

7. ALIETTE®ME at 2.5 lbs / acre, immersion before planting in the soil.

Four replicates were used for each of the treatments, which were organized as a randomized full block plan. Water was added to plastic water tanks containing 25 gallons of water, and Regalia was added to obtain appropriate solutions for treatments 2, 3, 4 and 7. Strawberry seedlings with open Festival roots were immersed in tanks and left for 10 minutes (treatments 2-4 ) and for 15 minutes (treatment 7).

In the case of treatments 5 and 6, the preparation was applied by soaking the soil with a 50 ml solution delivered to the wells of each seedling using a small measuring cup on the first day after sowing. The following applications were carried out using drip tape using special injection pumps and Chem-Feed mixers to treat small areas at an irrigation rate of 0.175 acre-inches of water in about one hour.

Assessment: Plant strength was evaluated on a scale of 0-10 (0 - weak, 10 - excellent strength) and recorded on Day 63. New roots were calculated on Day 7, Day 14 and Day 21. After Day 21, the roots were rated on a 0-10 scale. (0 - weak, 10 - excellent) on Day 31, as well as Day 39 and Day 46. The total fruit yield (in grams) was calculated on Day 120.

Results and Conclusions: Irrigation with REGALIA®ME in an amount of 4 quarts / acre significantly increased plant strength (Table 4).

Table 4 The average plant strength (0 - weak, 10 - excellent) according to the data for each type of treatment
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) No. p / p Treatment Ratio Day 63 one Raw control N / A 7.90c ^* 2 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.25% (v / v) 8.15 bc 3 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.5% (v / v) 8.45 bc four REGALIA®ME Dive 1.0% (v / v) 8.68 b 5 REGALIA®ME irrigation 2.0 sq / acre 8.75 b 6 REGALIA®ME irrigation 4.0 sq / acre 9.40 a 7 ALIETTE®ME Dive 2.5 feet / acre 7.78 s

Plants treated with REGALIA®ME in other ratios also showed increased potency, but did not reach a significant level. Treatment with REGALIA®ME increased or significantly increased the number of new roots (Table 5). The yield of fruits increased by 6.9% and 9.6% after immersion in REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% and 0.25%, respectively (Table 6). A yield increase of 7.3% was also observed upon irrigation with REGALIA® in an amount of 4 quarts / acre.

Table 5 The average number of new roots according to the data for each type of processing
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) No. p / p Treatment Ratio Day 7 Day 14 Day 21 one Raw control n / a 8.55 a ^* 14.80 cd 23.95 s 2 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.25% v / v 12.40 a 16.50 cd 37.10 bc 3 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.5% v / v 9.75 a 20.80b cd 46.75 abc four REGALIA®ME Dive 1% v / v 10.85 a 29.70 ab 50.70 ab 5 REGALIA®ME irrigation 2 sq / acre 9.65 a 24,00 abc 40.40 bc 6 REGALIA®ME irrigation 4 sq / acre 13.50 a 33.50 a 64.35 a 7 ALIETTE® Dive 2.5 feet / acre 11.80 a 11.90 d 30.30 bc

Table 6 Total crop in grams for each type of processing
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) No. p / p Treatment Ratio Day 120 one Raw control n / a 4910.25 a ^* 2 Regalia®ME Dive 0.25% (v / v) 5382.25 a 3 REGALIA®ME Dive 0.5% v / v 5,249.50 a four REGALIA®ME Dive 1% v / v 4690.50 a 5 REGALIA®ME irrigation 2 sq / acre 4386.25 a 6 REGALIA®ME irrigation 4 sq / acre 5270.25 a 7 ALIETTE® Dive 2.5 feet / acre 5185.50 a

Example 6. The effect of Reynoutria sachalinensis (prepared as REGALIA®ME) on the growth of tomato seedlings

Plant immersion: Tomato seedlings for processing cv. Heinz 5003 was soaked in each treatment for 30 minutes before sowing.

Types of processing:

1. Water control.

2. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% (v / v).

3. REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 1.0% (v / v).

Processing procedures were organized as a randomized full block plan with four replicates for each type of treatment. Used 12 plants for each repetition.

Assessment: Samples were taken two weeks and four weeks after treatment; three plants were taken from each plot to assess the mass of shoots and roots.

Results and conclusions: Seedlings treated with REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% had a large mass of fresh shoots and a significantly larger mass of roots two and four weeks after treatment (Table 7).

Table 7 Average mass of fresh shoots (g) and mass of roots (g) of tomato seedlings after immersion in REGALIA®ME
( ^* Data in the column marked with the same letter does not significantly differ at a significance level of P = 0.05 in the LSD method) Treatment The average mass of fresh shoots (g) (2 weeks) The average mass of fresh shoots (g) (4 weeks) Shoots The roots Shoots The roots Water control 3.76 a ^* 1.25 s 38.1 a 4.2 c REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 0.5% 5.47 a 1.74 a 40.3 a 5,3 ab REGALIA®ME at a concentration of 1.0% 3.06 a 1,70 ab 16.5 s 2,3 b

Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, its details should not be construed as limiting, since it is obvious that various equivalents, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Throughout the text of the present description provides various links, the full contents of each of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

Mentioned Sources

1. Bardin, M., J. Fargues, et al. (2008). "Compatibility between biopesticides used to control gray mold, powdery mildew and whitefly on tomato." Biological Control 46: 476-483.

2. Belanger, R.R. and M. Benyagoub (1997). "Challenges and prospects for integrated control of powdery mildews in the greenhouse." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 19: 310-314.

3. Bokshi, A.I., J. Jobling, et al. (2008). "A single application of Milsana followed by Bion assists in the control of powdery mildew in cucumber and helps overcome yield losses." Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 83: 701-706.

4. Daayf, F., A. Schmitt, et al. (1995). "The effects of plant extracts of Reynoutria sachalinensis on powdery mildew development and leaf physiology of long English cucumber." Plant Disease 79: 577-580.

5. Hafez, M. B., A. Schmitt, et al. (1999). "The side-effects of plant extracts and metabolites of Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai and conventional fungicides on the beneficial organism Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal (Hym., Trichogrammatidae)." Journal of Applied Entomology 123: 363-368.

6. Konstantinidou-Doltsinis, S., E. Markellou, et al. (2007). "Control of powdery mildew of grape in Greece using Sporodex L and Milsana." Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 114: 256-262.

7. Schmitt, A. (2002). "Induced responses by plant extracts from Reynoutria sachalinensis: a case study." Bull. IOBC / WPRS 25: 83-89.

8. Schmitt, A., S. Kunz, et al. (2002). Use of Reynoutria sachalinensis plant extracts, clay preparations and Brevibacillus brevis against fungal diseases of grape berries. Fordergemeinschaft Okologisher Obstbau e.V. (FOKO) and der Staatlichen Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt fur Wein- und Obstbau (LvWO) Weinsberg. 10th International conference on cultication technique and phytopathological problems in organic fruit-growing and viticulture; presentations at the meeting from 07/04/2002

9. Weinsberg, Germany, pp. 146-151.

10. Schmitt, A. and B. Seddon (2005). Biocontrol of plant pathogens with microbial BCAs and plant extracts - advantages and disadvantages of single and combined use. Modern fungicides and antifungal compounds IV. Proceedings of the 14th International Reinhardsbrunn Symposium 2004, BCPC, Atlon, UK, pp. 205-225.

Claims (6)

1. A method of stimulating plant growth, including
treating one or more roots of said plant with a composition containing fiscion or emodin obtained from Reynoutria sachalinensis and stimulating plant growth in an amount effective to stimulate said growth of said plant before planting and
planting said plant in the soil, said plant being a fruit, vegetable, tree or climbing plant. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the composition is applied to one or more roots of the specified fruit, vegetable, tree or climbing plant by drip irrigation, immersion of the roots or application to the furrow. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the composition is a plant extract. 4. A method of stimulating the formation or growth of roots in a plant, including:
(a) treating one or more roots of the plant with a composition containing fiscion or emodin obtained from Reynoutria sachalinensis in an amount effective to stimulate the growth of the roots of said plant when planted in the soil, and
(b) planting the treated plant in the soil. 5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that said plant is a fruit, flower, ornamental plant, tree, shrub, bulb plant, vegetable or climbing plant. 6. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that the said plant is a strawberry, pumpkin, cucumber, tomato, rose, pepper, eggplant, grape, cotton, onion, garlic, wheat, soy, corn or rice.