RU2578192C2 - Method of radiating energy and device therefor (plasma emitter) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to plasma-electromagnetic effect on various types of material medium, located both at close and considerable distances from the radiator. At that, intensity of electric field is summed up with intensity of the resultant magnetic field formed by at least one pair of inductors, generating total magnetic field with constant average value of the Pointing vector directed along the axis of radiation. At that, energy of capacitance chamber increases due to summation of energy of the additionally connected in parallel to the capacitance chamber capacitor, while the amount of air fed into the discharge chamber is controlled by pressure created in the air chamber. At that, coaxially with the radiated by one pair of inductors total magnetic field, there is emitted a second total high-frequency (relative to the first magnetic field) magnetic field formed by the second pair of inductors. Device for the method implementation comprises a capacitance chamber, represented by coaxially arranged capacitor plates, between which there is located at least a pair of radiating inductors; at that, he capacitance chamber, at the outlet, ends with a plasma chamber, through which there pass magnetic fields formed by pairs of inductance coils; at that, at least a pair of inductors is wound on a closed flexible magnetic conductor, which, in its turn, has a circular winding relative to axis of radiation. One inductor in every pair of inductors has the right, and the other one - the left winding.

EFFECT: simplification of plasma formation, which is formed with the help of capacitance chamber energy, passing into the discharge chamber, electric field intensity of which exceeds breakdown potential of, for example, air supplied from the air chamber to the discharge chamber.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to high technology and can be used for plasma-electromagnetic effects on various types of material medium located both at close and significant distances from the emitter.

Known plasma source of penetrating radiation (see, for example, US patent No. 6297594, M. CL. H05H 1/46, publ. 2001), made in the form of a plasma discharge chamber filled with hydrogen isotopes and containing gas discharge electrodes. The electrodes of the discharge chamber of a known plasma source are cylindrical or flat. Under certain conditions of the discharge, when the direct Z-pinch is cumulated, a neutron yield of up to 3 · 10 ¹⁰ neutrons per pulse can be obtained from the discharge chamber with a pulse duration of about 0.2 μs.

A well-known source is characterized by insufficient specific output of radiation per unit of energy expended and a small service life (10-100 cumulation of a Z-pinch with the generation of neutron and x-ray radiation). In addition, the known source has a significant size, making it difficult in some cases to use it.

A plasma source of penetrating radiation (see RF patent No. 347006, CL H05H 1/06, 1970), consisting of a gas discharge chamber filled with hydrogen isotopes and containing gas discharge electrodes, and an electric source, was adopted as the prototype for the largest number of coincident structural features. nutrition. The gas discharge chamber consists of an insulator made of alundum and gas discharge electrodes in the form of electrically conductive rotation bodies with a curvilinear generatrix coaxially arranged in one another, the input of the internal electrode has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the working part of the electrode.

A well-known source is characterized by a small resource of work (10-100 cumulation of the Z-pinch with the generation of neutron and x-ray radiation).

The present invention is aimed at increasing the resource of the plasma emitter.

To increase the resource, a method of radiation of electromagnetic energy and plasma is proposed, which consists in the fact that the plasma is formed using the energy of a capacitive chamber, which passes into the discharge chamber. The electric discharge of a medium, such as air in a discharge chamber, occurs by reducing the distance between the plates of a capacitor forming a capacitive chamber. Air enters the discharge chamber under controlled pressure from the air chamber. During air breakdown, a plasma arc is formed. The amount of plasma formed depends on the rate of air entering the discharge chamber, the amount of electrical energy accumulated by the capacitive chamber, and the frequency of the energy source supplying the capacitive chamber. Instead of air, crushed fractions of metals, dielectrics, etc. can be fed into the discharge chamber, this will allow obtaining plasma with the required properties, which will significantly expand the range of use of the invention. To increase the energy of the capacitive chamber, and therefore to increase the productivity of plasma formation, a storage capacitance is connected parallel to the capacitive chamber. When a plasma is produced by linear electromagnetic fields (see, for example, application No. 2012136799, published May 20, 2013, bull. No. 14), it is linearly ejected along the axis of electric energy propagation, while the frequencies of electric and magnetic fields must be equal and equal in phase. In order to compact the radiated energy, high-frequency magnetic energy is additionally simultaneously emitted, for which a frequency converter can be used (see application No. 2014102132, published on 08/20/2014, bull. No. 23).

The physics of the linear energy emission process is illustrated by timing diagrams of FIG. 4, where a) shows the applied voltage to the inductors, b) the radiating total field of two coils, c) the radiating total low-frequency and high-frequency fields of two pairs of coils, of which one pair emits a low-frequency field, for example, 50 Hz (wavelength 3 t.km), the other pair emits a high-frequency field with a wavelength of, for example, 1 m. The diagram intensity vector directed along the radiation axis is added to the electric field vector of the capacitive chamber. This total vector is directed at an angle to the axis of the radiation, increasing the density of the radiating energy. This field, passing through the plasma, captures it and condenses, creating an artificial wire. In addition, currents flowing along the entire low-frequency wavelength are induced from the fields in the plasma. If we break the plasma bundle into separate conductors, we get the force with which these conductors are attracted (see X. Kuhling, handbook of physics, Moscow (world) 1982, p. 349). From what has been said, it follows that, like electromagnetic energy, thermal energy is accumulated in a thermo-electromagnetic harness and, having one degree of freedom, has infinite, until it encounters an obstacle, movement towards the radiation axis and thermal energy cannot be spent on heating due to its inertia environment (air), especially vacuum. The radiation cross-sectional area and range can be controlled by changing the directions of the vectors of the electric and total magnetic fields, as well as by changing the density of the emitted electromagnetic energy (Poiting vector).

In FIG. 1, 2, 3 shows a device that implements the proposed method. It contains capacitor plates 1 and 2, forming a capacitive chamber 11. The capacitive chamber 11 passes into the discharge chamber 12, which through holes 8 communicates with the air chamber 7. Inductors 3, 4, 5, 6 are located in the capacitive chamber, a pair of which 5 and 6 has a flexible closed magnetic circuit 7 made of electrical steel, for example, in the form of a cable. The inductor 5 is wound on the magnetic circuit and has a right winding, the other coil 6 has a left winding. The magnetic core of the coils has a circular one-sided winding symmetrical to the emitting axis. The capacitive chamber together with coils 5 and 6 are powered by an energy source 10, the voltage of which, in order to prevent the energy from returning to the source, has a rectified, for example, sinusoidal or pulsed form. A second pair of coils 3 and 4 is fed from an energy source 10 through a frequency converter 9. An additional capacitor is connected to the capacitive chamber in order to increase its energy.

The operation of the device is that when voltage is applied to the radiating coils and capacitors, it is formed in accordance with FIG. 4c) the total magnetic field, which is adjusted by the electric field of the capacitive chamber. The total electromagnetic field when exiting the device, passing the discharge chamber, captures the plasma and the total plasma energy and electromagnetic radiation is emitted into space.

The present invention can be widely used in the national economy, for example, in the decoration of metro stations, house facades, as well as in industry, for example, when welding and cutting materials, compaction of the surface layer of parts, both conductive and non-conductive, etc. It can serve as an alternative galvanic production, which will significantly improve its ecology, improve quality and productivity and, as a result, reduce the cost of production.

The use of the invention in military affairs will make it possible to destroy material objects both in air and on land (water).

Claims (7)

 1. The method of radiation of energy, including the formation of plasma, characterized in that the plasma is generated using the energy of a capacitive chamber passing into the discharge chamber, the electric field strength of which exceeds the breakdown voltage of air supplied from the air chamber to the discharge, after which the plasma is accelerated by an electromagnetic field representing the sum of electric and magnetic fields, while the magnetic field is formed by at least one pair of inductances with a constant value of the Poiting vector, directed first along the axis of radiation. 2. The method of energy emission according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy of the capacitive chamber increases due to the addition of the energy of the capacitor additionally connected in parallel with the capacitive chamber. 3. The method of radiation of energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of air supplied to the discharge chamber is controlled by the pressure generated in the air chamber. 4. The method of radiation of energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the second total high-frequency magnetic field relative to the first magnetic field formed by the second pair of inductances is emitted by the total magnetic field coaxially emitted by one pair of inductances. 5. The plasma emitter for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a capacitive chamber, which is a coaxially located capacitor plate, between which at least a pair of radiating inductors is placed, and the capacitive chamber at the output ends with a discharge chamber through which an electromagnetic field passes. 6. The plasma emitter according to claim 5, characterized in that at least a pair of inductances is wound around a closed flexible magnetic circuit, which in turn has a circular winding relative to the axis of radiation. 7. The plasma emitter according to claim 5, characterized in that for each pair of inductances a rectified pulse voltage is applied, and in each pair of inductors one has a right and the other has a left winding.

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