RU2403000C2 - Underwear-like absorbent product and method for making underwear-like absorbent product - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: absorbent product comprises a base structure having at least one elastic panel joined with a component of an absorbing core. A method for making a product involves a continuous process of underwear formation including formation of the base structure and inclusion of the component of the absorbing core in the base structure. At least one elastic panel is formed by making separately a duplex laminate containing a first cloth of a nonelastic nonwoven fabric and an elastic film, activation of the duplex laminate by repeated extension, at least in one direction to ensure the elastic extensibility of the duplex laminate, extension of the activated duplex laminate by 10-200%, at least in one direction, introductions of the duplex laminate in the process of underwear formation and lamination attachment of the elastic film of the extended duplex laminate to the elastic or nonwoven component of the base piece.

EFFECT: invention allows improving the tensile strength and pinching resistance of the product.

55 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing absorbent articles such as underpants, each product comprising a base structure having at least one elastic panel and an absorbent core component combined with it, the method including a continuous process of forming underpants comprising the formation of a basic structure and the inclusion of an absorbent core component in the basic structure.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Panty-type absorbent articles include a panty-shaped base structure and an absorbent core component integrated with the base part. The main goal when creating products such as underpants is to make them as close as possible to a regular underwear item. Therefore, absorbent articles, such as diaper pants, hygiene pants and panties used for incontinence, are made with the possibility of their convenient and tight fit to the carrier. It is desirable that the products are made with the possibility of pulling them up and pulling them down the hips of the wearer like a pair of underpants in order to enable the wearer or someone who is caring for a child, patient, person with a disability, etc., to easily remove the stained product and Replace it with a new clean product. For these reasons, the base part of the product is usually made of a material that lends itself to elastic stretching, at least in areas intended for “overlay” over the hips of the wearer. In addition, it is desirable that the base portion surrounding the absorbent parts of a coward-type product be permeable with respect to air and steam, that is, that it be breathable. A breathable product prevents a situation in which moisture remains on the skin of the wearer and is more comfortable and less warm to wear than an airtight product. It is also preferable if the product is soft, smooth and similar to textiles so that it does not rub the skin of the wearer and that it looks like a normal underwear item as much as possible.

In addition, it is important that it is possible to stretch an absorbent article such as underpants over the thighs of the wearer without tearing. A common problem is that the wearer or caregiver tears up the underpants by poking the material with their fingers while trying to provide a good grip for pulling on or off the underpants.

The previously used elastic material for pant-type articles is a laminate comprising an elastic film located between two layers of inelastic non-woven material. To give the laminate the ability to stretch elastically, it is subjected to an activating treatment. A three-layer activated laminate is disclosed in international patent application No WO 03/047488. An activated laminate is obtained by stretching a layer of elastic film with a defined pitch between two inelastic fabric-like layers. Step-by-step stretching is performed by passing a laminate between two engaged gear rollers. The activation of elastic laminates through stepwise stretching is also disclosed in US Pat. the elasticity of the layer of elastic film. In the three-layer laminate in WO 03/047488, the inelastic layers are completely torn, so that the elasticity of the activated laminate is essentially the same as the elasticity of the layer of elastic film.

Open laminates have excellent comfort properties and are soft, breathable and flexible. However, the main disadvantage associated with the known laminates is that the activation process leads to at least partial tearing and destruction of the tissue-like layers, as a result of which the material will have a reduced tensile strength and reduced puncturing in the direction perpendicular the direction in which the elasticity of the material is determined. When used as a component of the base part in a disposable product such as underpants, the material is easily torn when exposed to the forces arising from putting on or removing a product such as underpants. This tearing problem is especially evident for those carriers of a female or women who care for a child, a sick person, a disabled person, etc. and which often have long nails that can pierce and tear panty material.

Another problem associated with previously known three-layer laminates is that they have a predetermined extensibility and elasticity. However, it is often desirable to have different elasticities in different parts of a product such as underpants. To do this, it is necessary to supplement the elastic panels created from a three-layer laminate with additional elastic elements or to perform different sections of the base of the diaper from different laminates. However, all such additional components are expensive and complicate the manufacturing process, since they require additional technological operations, resulting in additional manufacturing costs. In addition, the resulting absorbent articles have a large number of seams and joints, which makes them less like a regular underwear item. It is desirable to keep the number of seams and joints minimal, both for manufacturing reasons and because they can cause discomfort, such as rubbing the skin of the wearer.

Therefore, there is a need for an improved panty-type absorbent article having a base portion including one or more resilient stretch-like textile components. In addition, there is a need for a simple and effective method for manufacturing such an absorbent article.

Accordingly, an object of the invention is to provide an elastic stretch absorbent article such as a coward having increased tensile strength in the elastic elements of the base of the underpants. An additional objective of the invention is to develop a simple and economical method of manufacturing a stretchable type of underpants, having increased tensile strength and puncturing resistance. In addition, the aim of the invention is to develop a method having high technological flexibility and the ability to change to enable easy adaptation of the method to different designs of products.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, a method for manufacturing absorbent articles such as underpants having increased tensile strength and puncturing resistance is developed. Products according to the invention include a basic structure having at least one elastic panel and an absorbent core component combined with it. The method includes two-part processes and includes a continuous process of forming cowards, including the formation of a basic structure and the inclusion of an absorbent core component in the basic structure.

At least one elastic panel in accordance with the invention is formed by

a) the manufacture of a separate two-layer laminate containing the first web of inelastic fibrous non-woven material and an elastic film;

b) activating the two-layer laminate by stepwise stretching in at least one direction to give the two-layer laminate elastic stretchability;

c) stretching the activated bilayer laminate by 10-200% in at least one direction;

d) introducing a two-layer laminate into the panty formation process; and

f) attaching an elastic film from a stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a web constituting a component of the base portion made of an elastic or non-elastic non-woven material.

Accordingly, the method provides for the formation of a two-layer laminate and the introduction of the laminate in the process of forming cowards in order to create the final three-layer laminate forming the laminate panel at the same time as manufacturing the underpants type product. Thus, the resulting three-layer laminate will have significantly higher tear or break resistance than the previously used three-layer laminates, which were fully formed before activation. The method is also preferable due to the fact that it provides high technological flexibility, since a two-layer laminate can be attached by lamination only to those parts of the fabric, which is a non-woven component of the base part where elasticity is desired. In addition, there is the possibility of using different two-layer laminates in different parts of the fabric forming the base part, and joining the two-layer laminate by lamination to the nonwoven component of the base part with different degrees of stretching in different parts of the fabric forming the base part.

The two-layer elastic laminate is preferably made in the form of one or more moving paintings, which are continuously introduced into the process of forming cowards.

Alternatively, the laminate may be cut into separate elements and may be shaped into individual elements that are used to make elastic parts in a disposable product such as underpants.

The two-layer laminate can be attached to the fabric, which is a component of the base part, made of elastic or non-elastic non-woven material, to obtain an elastic three-layer laminate before attaching a three-layer laminate to other components in the process of forming underpants, or can be connected by lamination to a non-woven fabric component of the base part, at a later stage in the process of coward formation. If two or more webs of a two-layer laminate are used in the process of forming cowards, webs can be formed by dividing one of the original webs into a given number of webs. The canvas can be divided before or after joining by laminating to a fabric, which is a non-woven component of the base part. Alternatively, individual webs can be manufactured separately and incorporated into the process.

In addition, there is the possibility of:

a) to produce the first and second webs of a three-layer elastic laminate by attaching an activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a non-woven fabric;

b) attaching a first web of a three-layer elastic laminate to a first edge of a continuous central web of a nonwoven fabric of a base portion, and

c) to attach the second web of the three-layer elastic laminate by lamination to the second edge of the continuous central web of the nonwoven fabric of the base part to form a composite web forming the base part (compound chassis web).

The first and second webs of a three-layer elastic laminate can be formed as one three-layer laminate, which is subsequently separated to obtain the first and second webs of a three-layer laminate.

In another embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention, the process of forming underpants includes

a) attaching the first web of the activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate by lamination to a portion of the first continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part at a distance from the first edge on the first continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part,

b) attaching a second web of activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a portion of a second continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part at a distance from the first edge on the second continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part, and

c) attaching the first edge on the first continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part to the first edge on the second continuous web of nonwoven material of the base part to form a composite web forming the base part.

The process provides an additional advantage, making it possible to use the same prefabricated two-layer laminate to create panels having different extensibility, flexibility and elasticity. This is achieved by choosing the degree of stretching of the two-layer laminate on the lamination operation in the process of forming underpants and by choosing the material used for the non-woven component of the base part. Therefore, different two-layer laminates and different degrees of stretching can be used in the process to form the base of the diaper, which has different elasticities in different areas.

In this context, an elastic material is defined as a material having a residual elongation after relaxation of less than 10% after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30% in the elasticity test described in the description.

An inelastic material is a material that does not fall within the definition of an elastic material. Accordingly, the inelastic material in the sense used here is a material that may be extensible or inextensible. In the case of a stretchable material, the material has a residual elongation after stretching and relaxation of more than 10% after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30%, as determined in accordance with the elasticity test.

The degree of stretching of the two-layer laminate when attaching it to the nonwoven component of the base part is the main factor in determining the elasticity of the final three-layer laminate obtained in the process of formation of underpants. Other factors that affect the elasticity of the final three-layer laminate are the flexibility and extensibility of the nonwoven component of the base portion. The degree of bonding between the two-layer laminate and the second nonwoven fabric also affects the flexibility and elasticity of the final three-layer laminate. Accordingly, a large joint area will cause a decrease in the elasticity of the final laminate, while rarely distributed joints will have a very small or negligible effect on the elasticity.

The elastic film in the two-layer laminate is preferably perforated to ensure breathability of the laminate. This can be done directly in conjunction with the lamination process if, for example, the first nonwoven fabric web is attached to the elastic film by extrusion coating. The punching operation can be performed by passing the combined elastic layer and the nonwoven fabric web over the vacuum lamination drum while the elastic layer is in a molten or semi-molten state. A similar method is disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 5733628 and results in the elastic film being converted into a three-dimensional layer of a laminate with holes.

Alternatively, the elastic film may be a prefabricated perforated film that is attached to the first nonwoven fabric by any suitable means, for example by adhesion adhesion (adhesive), heat or ultrasonic welding.

The activation operation involves the stepwise stretching of the two-layer laminate so that the inelastic material is destroyed or torn, at least partially. The activation can be carried out by means of heated or unheated gears engaged with gears having teeth located on the circumferential periphery that engage and thereby allow the laminate to stretch. The activation operation allows subsequent stretching of the laminate without any noticeable limitation due to the web of nonwoven material. The degree of rupture of the nonwoven material determines the maximum possible elongation of the resulting laminate. If the nonwoven fabric is completely torn during activation, the laminate will have substantially the same maximum elongation as the elastic film layer.

Before performing the second lamination operation in the part of the method, which is the formation of cowards, a two-layer laminate is stretched in at least one direction by 10-200% of its initial length in an unstretched state. Preferably, the two-layer laminate is stretched in the MD direction of movement of the material in the machine. By selecting and adjusting the degree of stretching, the desired elasticity of the final laminate can be obtained. The bilayer laminate is preferably stretched to 35-180% of its length in the unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of its length in the unstretched state, and most preferably 70-120% of its length in the unstretched state during joining the second nonwoven fabric web by lamination.

The degree of stretching of a two-layer laminate is defined as a percentage of the initial length of the laminate in an unstretched state in the direction of stretching. Accordingly, a laminate having a first length in an unstretched state of 1 m and stretched by 50% has a second length in a stretched state of 1.5 m.

The activated bilayer laminate may be bonded to a nonwoven component of the base portion. Alternatively, the activated bilayer laminate may be attached to the nonwoven component of the base portion by heat sealing or ultrasonic welding. The joint obtained by heat sealing or ultrasonic welding may take the form of invisible joints, such as spot welds or linear welds. By choosing a joint configuration in the form of rarely distributed spot welds, it is possible to provide higher flexibility of the resulting laminate than in the case of a joint configuration in which it occupies most of the contact surface between the joined layers.

In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the panty-forming process includes the following operations:

a) attaching an elastic film of a first web of an activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a first portion of a continuous web of nonwoven fabric of a base portion, and

b) attaching an elastic film of a second web of an activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate by lamination to a second portion of a continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion to form a composite web forming the base portion.

Under the combined fabric forming the base part, we mean a fabric that contains two or more components and from which the base part of a product such as underpants is formed.

The first web of the activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate can be bonded by lamination to the first portion (first portion) of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion at a distance from the first edge on the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion, and the second web of the activated stretched bilayer laminate can be joined by lamination to the second part (second section) of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part at a distance from the second edge on a continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part. Thus, elastic waist elements can be formed along the first and second edges of the continuous fabric of the nonwoven fabric of the base part by attaching elastic elements to the continuous fabric of the nonwoven fabric of the base part on the first edge part between the first edge of the continuous fabric of the nonwoven fabric of the base part and the first fabric of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate and on the second edge part between the second edge of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part and a second web of activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate and by folding the first and second edge parts of a continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base part to cover elastic means. Consequently, sections of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion extending beyond the webs of the elastic laminate at the edges of the canvas of the nonwoven fabric of the base portion can be used to form an elastic waist element that is an integral part of the combined web forming the base portion.

In a finished absorbent article such as underpants, that part of the nonwoven fabric of the base part, which is located centrally between the webs of the two-layer laminate, will form a crotch panel, and parts that are laminated elastic webs and located on both sides of the central part of the fabric forming the base part will form stretchable front and back panels. The nonwoven web of the base portion may be an elastic or inelastic web.

The core component can be placed on the composite web forming the base portion, so that the central portion of the core component extends over the central nonwoven fabric of the base portion and the end portions of the core component extend over each of the two-layer laminate webs.

In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the panty-forming process includes:

a) attaching the first web of the activated stretched two-layer laminate to the first edge of the continuous central web of non-woven material of the base part;

b) attaching a second web of activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate to a second edge of a continuous central web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion to form a composite web forming the base portion;

c) attaching the first web of nonwoven material by lamination to the elastic film of the first web of the activated stretched two-layer laminate, and

d) attaching a second web of nonwoven material by lamination to an elastic film of a second web of activated stretched two-layer laminate.

The core component may be attached to the web forming the base portion before or after the webs of the activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate are laminated to the first and second nonwoven webs.

In particular, in an embodiment in which the core component is placed on the web forming the base portion before the final lamination operation, it may be preferable if the first and second nonwoven fabric are cut out corresponding to the size and shape of the parts of the core component which are arranged to provide overlap with the first and second webs of nonwoven material, while the cutouts are combined with the components with the core. In this way, a situation is avoided in which parts of the core component that extend over the elastic two-layer laminate are covered by second nonwoven webs in a lamination operation.

In an additional embodiment of the invention, the process of forming underpants includes:

a) attaching the first web of the activated stretched two-layer laminate to the first edge of the continuous central web of non-woven material of the base part;

b) attaching a second web of activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate to a second edge of a central web of nonwoven fabric of the base portion to form a composite web forming the base portion;

c) attaching elastic elements for the legs to the combination web forming the base portion; and

d) attaching the nonwoven fabric web by lamination to the composite web forming the base portion, the nonwoven fabric web covering the first and second webs of the two-layer elastic laminate and the leg elastic members.

This embodiment is preferable due to the fact that it provides good fastening and coating of the elastic elements for the legs while ensuring hardening of the elastic portions of the web forming the base portion.

The method in accordance with the invention preferably also includes the implementation of an elastic waist element along at least one of the edges of the base part.

The elastic waist element can be attached to the fabric forming the base part, in the form of a separate component, which is prefabricated or is made simultaneously with the process of forming underpants. The elastic waist element is preferably continuously attached to the fabric forming the base part, or placed on the fabric forming the base part, and the elastic waist element can be fed in the form of an elastic tape of any suitable kind, such as elastic laminates, elastic strips of foam material, elastic non-woven materials , inelastic materials that have been elasticized by means of elastic threads or cords, etc. A widely used elastic waist element is formed by attaching elastic elements, such as threads, ribbons or “strings”, in a pre-stretched condition between two layers of non-woven non-elastic material. All widely used elastic materials, such as elastic foam of natural or synthetic rubber, etc., can be used. A belt element of this type may be formed of two separate layers of nonwoven material or may be formed of one layer of nonwoven material, which is folded into a two-layer structure. In addition, there is the possibility of using the activated two-layer laminate in accordance with the invention to create an elastic waist element. The elastic waist element preferably has a higher degree of elastic stretching than the parts (sections), which are elastic panels.

In an alternative embodiment, the elastic waist member is an integral part of the web forming the base portion. In this embodiment, the elastic waist member may be formed by folding the edge portion of the elastic or non-elastic component of the web forming the base portion and securing the elastic elements between the bent portions of the web forming the base portion. Typically, an elastic waist element is formed by bending that part of the non-woven component of the web forming the base part, which is the protruding part [continuation] of one of the layers of non-woven material in an elastic three-layer laminate made in accordance with the invention. In addition, there is the possibility of attaching elastic elements to the layer of the web forming the base part, and leaving the elastic elements unclosed or closed by a separate web. If the elastic waist member includes an elastic laminate web in accordance with the invention, the elastic laminate web can be folded to create a double laminate part having a greater elastic pulling force than an uncomplicated portion of that part of the web forming the base part, which includes only one canvas of a two-layer laminate. A folded web of elastic laminate can be supplemented with additional elastic elements.

The activated bilayer laminate can be stretched in at least one direction by 35-180% of its length in the unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of its length in the unstretched state, and most preferably by 70-120% in connection time with the nonwoven component of the base part by lamination.

The method in accordance with the invention may further include any conventional process steps for the process of forming cowards, such as one or more of the following process steps:

a) cutting the web forming the base portion to form leg openings;

b) bending the web forming the base portion, together with the absorbent core component combined with it;

c) formation of side joints on the folded web, and

d) separating individual absorbent articles such as underpants from the base part by cutting off the side joints.

Side joints are often made in a panty-type article for connecting the front of the article to the back and for forming panties having a waist opening and a leg opening. Typically, the side joints are intended to be placed on the wearer's thighs during use of the absorbent pants, but it is also known to place the side joints more toward the front of the product. The side joints are preferably made so that they can withstand the tensile forces that arise when putting on and wearing the product, but such that they can be disconnected or opened in a controlled manner when removing the absorbent pants or to check whether the product needs to be replaced. In the latter case, the side connections are preferably those made with the possibility of repeated closure, as is known in the art.

In accordance with the invention, a coward-type absorbent article is also provided comprising a base structure comprising a front panel having a front end edge and first and second side edges, a rear panel having a rear end edge and first and second side edges, and a crotch panel, located between the front and rear panels, and the front and rear waist panels located respectively at the front and rear panels and forming a belt on an absorbent product, and a component with a core, integrated with base card structure, wherein the first and second side edges of the front panel are attached by means of edge connections to the respective first and second side edges of the rear panel. In accordance with the invention, at least one of the front and rear panels comprises a two-layer elastic laminate comprising a first non-elastic fibrous nonwoven fabric web and an elastic film, and a non-woven base portion component that has been laminated to the elastic film of the two-layer elastic laminate at the same time. the time when the two-layer elastic laminate was stretched by 10-200%. The bilayer elastic laminate was preferably stretched by 35-180% of its length in the unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of its length in the unstretched state, and most preferably by 70-120% while attaching the base part to the nonwoven component lamination.

The base portions formed of an elastic three-layer laminate preferably form the front and rear panels of a panty-type diaper. However, it is possible to only make parts of the respective front and rear panels of an elastic three-layer laminate. In such embodiments, at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, more preferably at least 30%, and most preferably at least 40% of the entire surface area of the base portion is an elastic three-layer laminate. As an example, an elastic two-layer laminate can be used only for those parts of the front and back panels that are designed to be placed over the thighs of the carrier and, therefore, for the formation of elastic side panels. There is also the possibility of producing a product such as underpants without any overlap between the area in which the component with the core is used and the elastic laminated material in the front and rear panels.

The first web of inelastic fibrous nonwoven material and / or the nonwoven component of the base portion may comprise thermoplastic fibers. Cloths of non-woven material, as a rule, will be included in the joints and seams in a disposable product such as underpants. Therefore, it is highly desirable that nonwoven fabric webs can be welded by heat welding or ultrasonic welding processes. Examples of polymers suitable for use in nonwoven webs are polyethylene, polyesters, polypropylene and other polyolefin homopolymers and copolymers. Particularly suitable nonwoven webs are those that contain thermoplastic fibers, which are a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene fibers. Weldable nonwoven webs have a high content of thermoplastic fibers and contain at least 50% thermoplastic fibers and preferably at least 80% thermoplastic fibers.

Creped nonwoven fabric is a type of nonwoven fabric suitable for use in particular as a nonwoven component of the base portion. Crepe non-woven materials generally have a higher degree of extensibility and flexibility than non-creped non-woven materials. By choosing a creped nonwoven material for the nonwoven component of the base part, it is possible to obtain a final three-layer laminate in a pant-type product that has better adhesion and greater extensibility compared to similar properties that can be achieved using non-creped nonwoven material. The creped nonwoven fabric facilitates retraction of the three-layer laminate after elongation, resulting in increased elasticity compared to the corresponding laminate having a second layer of uncreated nonwoven fabric. If desired, the web of inelastic non-woven material in the two-layer laminate may also be a creped non-woven material.

The elastic film used to form the two-layer laminate may be made of any suitable elastic polymer, natural or synthetic. One example of an elastic film, which has been proven to provide good elasticity and breathability, is a three-layer elastomeric film with holes with a composition of polyethylene - a copolymer of styrene and ethylene / butadiene with alternating blocks - polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE).

The elastic two-layer laminate used in the panty formation process according to the invention consists of a layer of fibrous material and an elastic layer. The fibrous layer is chosen so that it gives the laminate the ability to create a sensation of softness and appearance and a sensation of material like fabric. Examples of suitable materials are meltblown webs, spunbond nonwovens and creped nonwovens as described above. Similar materials are also suitable for the nonwoven component of the base portion to which a two-layer laminate is attached. However, any soft, flexible and preferably extensible nonwoven materials and nonwoven laminates, such as laminates formed from a nonwoven fabric of a spunbond production method, a nonwoven fabric obtained by an aerodynamic method from a melt, and a nonwoven fabric of a spunbond production method can be used ( SMS - Spunbond-Meltblown-Spunbond), non-woven materials obtained by carding and obtained by exposure to liquid jets.

The density (weight 1 m ² ) of the nonwoven fabric used in the two-layer laminate is, respectively, from 10 to 80 g / m ² and preferably from 13 to 50 g / m ² . Examples of suitable polymers used in the fibrous material are polyethylene, polyesters, polypropylene and other polyolefin homopolymers and copolymers. Natural fibers, such as cotton, can also be used provided that they provide the desired properties. A mixture of polymers can contribute to a higher flexibility of the nonwoven layer and thereby give the nonwoven material a greater elongation at maximum load. It has been proven that a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene polymers provides good results in this regard. However, nonwoven materials having mixtures of different fibers can also be used.

The elastic layer is preferably an elastic film with holes. The elastic layer may have a surface density of from 10 to 120 g / m ² , preferably from 15 to 60 g / m ² . The elastic layer may be made of any suitable elastic polymer, natural or synthetic. Some examples of suitable materials for the elastic layer are low crystallinity polyethylene, metallocene-catalyzed low crystallinity polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, polyurethane, polyisoprene, butadiene and styrene copolymers, styrene block copolymers such as styrene and isoprene copolymers alternating blocks (SIS), a styrene butadiene copolymer with alternating blocks (SBS), or a block alternating styrene-ethylene / butadiene block copolymer. Mixtures of these polymers can also be used, as well as other modifying elastomeric or non-elastomeric materials. One example of a suitable elastic film is a three-layer elastomeric film with holes made with a composition of polyethylene - a copolymer of styrene and ethylene / butadiene with alternating blocks - polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE).

An elastic two-layer laminate can, for example, be manufactured and activated in accordance with any of the two methods disclosed in documents WO 03/047488 or EP 0715351, by applying a nonwoven fabric web on one side of the film. The nonwoven web and film may be bonded by extrusion or may be bonded by adhesive. The two-layer laminate is stretched stepwise to activate the elasticity of the film layer. Stepwise stretching can be performed to a level that is less than the relative elongation of the nonwoven fabric at maximum load, to maintain some strength of the nonwoven fabric. Alternatively, the stretching can be performed so that the nonwoven material is completely torn, as disclosed in document WO 03/047488.

When a two-layer laminate is attached to the non-woven component of the base part by lamination, a three-layer laminate is formed, having a smooth side on the surface where the two-layer laminate is located and a few “folded” wrinkled side on the opposite surface where the non-woven component of the base part is located. Accordingly, depending on the arrangement of the layers in the obtained product, such as underpants, a three-layer laminate can be oriented so that a smooth surface will be on the inside of the product and the irregular surface will face out. Thus, the parts of the laminate that come into contact with the skin will be especially soft, smooth and do not rub the wearer's skin. However, in an alternative embodiment, it is possible to arrange the laminate so that a smooth surface will be on the outside of the absorbent article. In this way, an absorbent article having a smooth surface in contact with any garment worn over the absorbent article is obtained. A similar embodiment may be preferred when the product is a pair of hygiene pants or panties used for incontinence and intended for adults. The smooth surface of the laminate is aesthetically pleasing and will be less noticeable when the absorbent article is worn under thin or tight-fitting clothing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

figure 1 schematically shows a method of manufacturing a two-layer elastic laminate;

figure 2 schematically shows a method of manufacturing absorbent products such as pants in accordance with the invention;

figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a method of manufacturing absorbent products such as pants in accordance with the invention;

figure 4 shows a third embodiment of a method of manufacturing absorbent products such as pants in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a method for manufacturing absorbent articles such as underpants in accordance with the invention;

6 shows a diaper-type diaper in accordance with the invention in a flat state; and

Fig.7 shows the diaper of Fig.6 with closed side connections.

MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Figure 1 schematically shows a method of manufacturing a stretchable, two-layer laminate, which can be incorporated into an absorbent article such as underpants in accordance with the invention.

The nonwoven fabric web 1 is fed from the accumulation roll 2 into the gap between the rubber roll 3 and the metal roll 4 intended for joining. The molten elastic film forming polymer 6 is extruded through the head 7 into this gap, and the nonwoven web 1 and the elastic film form a two-layer laminate 8, which is removed from the roller 9.

The metal roller 4 in the joint gap is preferably a vacuum roller with holes, so that three-dimensional molding and hole formation on the extruded elastic film 6 are carried out simultaneously with the film 6 being attached to the nonwoven fabric 1.

The two-layer laminate 8 is subsequently activated by passing the laminate between the toothed rollers 10, 11, which are engaged with each other, so that the laminate 8 undergoes stepwise stretching. There are a number of different stretching methods, as described in EP 0714351. Depending on the design of the gear rollers engaged with each other, stepwise stretching can be carried out to stretch the laminate diagonally, in the direction of movement of the material in the machine (MD) or in the transverse direction ( CD). The degree of tearing of the web of nonwoven material caused by stepwise stretching can be controlled by adjusting the "depth" of the meshing of the teeth or the gearing elements introduced into the meshing. Stepwise stretching leads to the "release" or activation of the elasticity of the elastic film and allows the elastic elongation of the two-layer laminate 8. In the laminates according to the invention, activation usually involves tearing or destruction of the nonwoven fabric mainly along deformation lines parallel to the transverse direction CD and perpendicular to the direction MD of the material in car.

After activation, the laminate 8 is preferably wound in an unstretched state into a storage roll and is allowed to relax for a period of time. The relaxation operation is represented by demonstrating the production line as “torn” at location A in FIG. 1. Intermediate storage and relaxation can be especially preferred if the productivity during the lamination process is lower than the productivity during the process of forming cowards, or when a two-layer laminate is purchased from an external supplier and used in the process of forming cowards in accordance with the invention.

The activated and preferably relaxed laminate 8 is subsequently stretched by passing it between a pair of rollers 12, 13 driven at different speeds. Laminate 8 is stretched in at least one direction by 10-200% of its original length in an unstretched state before entering it into the process of forming cowards and attaching it by lamination to the third constituent web. By selecting and adjusting the degree of stretching, it is possible to obtain a predetermined (selected) elasticity of a three-layer final laminate.

Figure 2 schematically shows a method of manufacturing diaper-panties 21 or other absorbent products such as underpants. According to the invention, the method includes forming a base structure supporting a core component. In all the embodiments shown, the core component is formed separately as a “core pack” of an absorbent core sandwiched between the top sheet and the liquid impermeable back sheet. Although this is a preferred method of incorporating a core component into the base structure, alternative embodiments in which portions of the base structure are used as the top sheet and / or back sheet are also possible within the scope of the invention.

Preferred embodiments of the panty-forming process according to the invention include the use of continuous webs of material to form different portions of the webs forming the base portion, such as the crotch portion, portions of the front and rear panels, and the portion representing the belt, and stretching the elastic webs a two-layer laminate in the direction MD of the movement of the material in the machine, as shown in the drawings. However, as indicated previously, the panty formation process of the invention may also include the inclusion of individual elastic laminate webs and other elements, and may include stretching the two-layer laminate webs in the CD transverse direction or in more than one direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the base structure is formed from a combined web 22 forming a base part comprising a central web 23 of non-woven material of the base part, the first and second web 24, 25 of the activated elastic two-layer laminate and the first and second waist elements 26, 27. Cloths 24, 25 of an elastic two-layer laminate may be a laminate web made by the method shown in FIG. 1. Alternatively, the webs can be formed by any other suitable lamination method, for example by adhesively adhering a nonwoven fabric web with an elastic film, producing a nonwoven fabric web by aerodynamic melt application onto an elastic film, ultrasonic welding or heat welding. The laminate sheets include one layer of elastic film and one layer of nonwoven material and have been activated as described previously. The laminate sheets 24, 25 are connected to the central web 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base part so that the film side is facing the viewer of FIG. 2 and the side representing the nonwoven fabric is turned away from the viewer. Thus, the non-woven fabric side of the laminate webs will be on the outside of the finished diaper-panties 21.

Before joining the laminate webs 24, 25 to the central web 23 of nonwoven fabric, the base part of the laminate web is stretched at least in the direction (MD) of movement of the material in the machine by 10-200% of their initial length in unstretched condition. Stretching can be accomplished by passing the webs between a pair of rollers driven at different speeds. By selecting and adjusting the degree of stretching, one can obtain the desired elasticity of the finished web forming the base part. Cloths 24, 25 of the laminate are preferably stretched to 35-180% of their length in an unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of their length in an unstretched state, and most preferably 70-120% of their length in an unstretched state. The sheets 24, 25 of the laminate need not be stretched to the same extent, if different elasticities are desired in different parts of the base structure. In addition, there is the possibility of using elastic laminate webs having different film / nonwoven combinations, different degrees of activation, etc.

The degree of stretching of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic two-layer laminate during the process of forming cowards is the main factor in determining the final elasticity of that part of the fabric 22, which forms the base part, which is occupied by the canvas 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate.

The waist elements 26, 27 are created by attaching individual strips of nonwoven fabric 28, 29 to the outer edges of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate, attaching elastic elements 30 to the strips of nonwoven fabric 28 and folding and securing the strips of 28 non-woven fabric over the elastic elements 30 to create elastic belts along the edges of the web 22, forming the base part. Alternatively, elastic waist elements may be formed by bending the edge portion of one or both of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate. The folded portion will have greater elastic strength than the unfolded web. If desired, the folded laminate can be supplemented with additional elastic elements. In addition, it is possible to form a waist element at the edge of one or both of the sheets 24, 25 of the elastic laminate by attaching the elastic elements to the fabric and possibly closing the elastic elements with a separate strip of non-woven material.

The core component 32 is manufactured separately from the panty formation process and is applied to the web 22 forming the base portion.

The core component 32 comprises an absorbent core 33 located between the liquid-impermeable layer 34 and the layer 35, which is a liquid-permeable top sheet. In the example shown, the core component 32 further comprises elastic elements 36 disposed as curvilinear configurations on the liquid impermeable layer 34. The configuration shown is for illustrative purposes only, and other configurations, such as linear elastic elements, can be used for elastic elements 36. In addition, you can completely do without the elastic elements in the component 32 with the core. The absorbent core is shown as a two-component structure with an upper, smaller absorbent layer 37 and a lower, slightly larger layer 38. It should be understood that the construction of the core component 32 and the absorbent core is in no way limiting for the invention. Therefore, any commonly used core principles and materials can be used in the method according to the invention.

After attaching the core component 32 to the base web 22, the first and second nonwoven webs 39, 40 are joined by lamination to the stretched first and second webs 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate, respectively, to form three-layer laminate sheets 41, 42.

To avoid closing the end parts of the component 32 with the core of the webs 39, 40 of non-woven material are made with cutouts 43, which are arranged to ensure their alignment with the components 32 with the core on the canvas 22, forming the base part. However, the cutouts 43 represent a possible element (feature) and can be excluded if desired.

As an alternative to the previously described methods of creating a waist element on the web 22 forming the base part, the non-woven web 39, 40 can be dimensioned so that they extend beyond the edges of the web 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate, and the protruding parts can be elasticized and used to form waist elements 26, 27 along the edges of the combination web 23 forming the base portion, as described previously.

The choice of material for the first and second nonwoven webs affects the flexibility and extensibility of the created three-layer laminate. The size of the joint zone between the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate and the nonwoven webs also affects the flexibility and elasticity of the three-layer laminate. Accordingly, a large area (area) of the joint will lead to a decrease in the elasticity of the final laminate, while rarely distributed joints will have a very small or insignificant effect on the elasticity.

Joining of the nonwoven webs 39, 40 by lamination to the laminate webs 24, 25 can be done by coating the film side of the webs 24, 25 of the laminate with glue or by spraying glue on the film side of the webs 24, 25 of the laminate and then passing the combined webs through the intended to connect the gap between the two connecting rollers. The adhesive is preferably a thermoplastic adhesive, although other types of adhesives may be used if desired. Alternatively, ultrasonic welding or heat welding may be used in the lamination operation.

The resulting three-layer laminate 41, 42 lends itself to elastic stretching and has a predetermined elasticity, primarily depending on the elasticity of the elastic film in the webs 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate, the degree of tearing of the first nonwoven fabric during activation of the elastic laminate webs and the degree of stretching of the webs 24, 25 of an elastic laminate before joining nonwoven fabric 39, 40. However, as indicated above, the properties of the nonwoven webs in terms of flexibility and extensibility and the degree of bonding performed in the second lamination operation also affect the elasticity of the final laminate 41, 42.

When the elastic laminate webs are in a relaxed state in the panty diaper, the three-layer laminates 41, 42 will have a smooth surface on the outside of the diaper and an irregular, slightly wrinkled surface on the inside where the non-woven layers 39, 40 are applied. This is due to the fact that the layers 39, 40 of the nonwoven material were attached to the webs 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate at a time when the webs of the two-layer laminate were in an elastically stretched state. Non-woven stretch webs of nonwoven fabric provide hardening of the laminate, make the laminate resistant to puncturing and allow the laminate to be subjected to the tensile and tensile forces arising from putting on or removing a product such as underpants without breaking or tearing.

In addition, by selecting non-woven materials having thermoplastic properties for the non-woven material in the canvases of the two-layer laminate and / or for the canvases of the non-woven material fed into the panty formation process, the canvases can be connected to other components by means of heat bonding and ultrasonic welding. For example, it may be preferable if at least one of the layers of nonwoven material in the three-layer laminate is mainly or completely formed from thermoplastic fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers. In this case, a nonwoven layer can be used to form side joints with good tensile strength. Since bonds formed by heat sealing and used in side seams usually “penetrate” into the materials to be welded, the orientation of the laminate with respect to layers of nonwoven materials is usually not key to obtaining a joint formed by heat sealing, provided that at least , one of the layers is predominantly formed from thermoplastic fibers or a combination of two layers contains a sufficient amount of thermoplastic material to provide sufficient bond strength. The lateral joints are preferably releasable lateral joints, i.e. welds that can be disconnected or separated by tearing when removing the panty diaper.

The method shown in figure 2, does not include the use (application) of elastic elements for the legs. However, it goes without saying that there is the possibility of using elastic elements for the legs, if you want to further elasticize the area of the holes for the legs of the diaper-panties. The elastic elements (elastic bands) for the legs can be attached in any known manner and by using any known elastic elements. One example of a suitable method for accommodating leg elastic members is disclosed in WO 2004/078083.

After the last lamination operation, part 44 is cut out of the web 22 forming the base part between core components 32 to form leg openings 45. The canvases forming the base part and the core components 32 combined with it are then bent in the center, and half of the canvases are connected to the area of the side connections 46 between the core components. Finally, individual diaper-panties 32 are cut from the fabric.

The method of FIG. 2 shows that core components are attached to the web forming the base portion before being connected to the nonwoven webs 39, 40 by lamination. However, in an alternative method, core components 32 can be attached to the web forming the base part after the lamination operation, that is, when the web forming the base part has been fully “bundled”. In such an embodiment, there is usually no need to make cutouts in the overlapping zones between the core components and the webs 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate.

Figure 2 is a very schematic illustration of a method in accordance with the invention. However, all individual operations, such as bonding, cutting (cutting), folding, etc., are well known and described in the art.

In the method of FIG. 3, the central web 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base portion extends in the transverse direction (CD) over the entire width of the web 22 forming the base portion. The waist elements 26, 27 form on the central web 23 a nonwoven material of the base part by attaching the elastic elements 30 to the edge portions 50, 51 of the web forming the base part, and folding and securing the edge portions 50, 51 over the elastic elements. The direction of folding (folding) of the edge portions 50, 51 is not critical to the invention. However, it is usually preferable that the edge portions 50, 51 are folded in the direction shown in FIG. 3, since the free edges of the folded edge portions 50, 51 in this case will be on the inside of the resulting pantyhose article 21 and the outside will be have the appearance of a smoother and more “fitted” surface from the outside.

The first and second webs 24, 25 of the activated elastic two-layer laminate are attached to the central fabric 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base part so that the non-woven fabric side is facing away from the central fabric of the non-woven fabric of the base part and the film side is facing the central fabric 23 of the non-woven fabric the base part, so that a layer of elastic film will be located between the layers of non-woven material. The canvases 24, 25 of the elastic two-layer laminate are placed along the edges of the web 23 forming the base part inside with respect to the elastic waist elements and leaving the central part of the central web 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base part free of laminate 24, 25. In an alternative embodiment, the webs of the elastic two-layer laminate may be applied as a single web having no central gap. Such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain a panty-type article having an elastic three-layer laminate covering the crotch portion of the web forming the base portion, and also the front and rear panels of the web portion forming the base portion.

When applied as shown in figure 3, the canvas 24, 25 of the laminates will end on the outside of the finished product 21 type of underpants. However, it goes without saying that it is possible to place the laminate webs on the inside of the webs 23 forming the base part, so that the webs forming the base part will form a continuous outer surface on the finished article 21 of the panty type.

As in the method of FIG. 2, the laminate webs 24, 25 are stretched before joining them by lamination to the central web 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base portion. The laminate sheets are stretched, at least in the direction (MD) of the movement of the material in the machine, by 10-200% of their initial length in the unstretched state, preferably by 35-180% of their length in the unstretched state, more preferably by 50-150 % of their length in unstretched condition and most preferably 70-120% of their length in unstretched state. As in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the laminate webs 24, 25 need not necessarily be stretched to the same extent if different elasticities in different parts of the base structure are desired. Similarly, it is possible to use laminate sheets having different compositions and different degrees of activation.

Components 32 with a core are applied to a completed (“assembled”) web 22 forming the base part, cutouts 45 are made for the legs, the technological web is folded, the side seams 46 are formed, and individual diaper-panties 21 are cut from the technological web in the same manner as in the method of figure 2.

The process order does not have to be the same as that shown in FIG. 3. Accordingly, the webs 24, 25 of the stretched activated two-layer laminate can be bonded by lamination to the central web 23 of the nonwoven material before forming the waist elements 26, 27. Similarly, core components 32 can be connected to the web 22 forming the base portion before the webs 24 are applied. 25 two-layer laminate. However, in such an embodiment, it may be desirable to cut out any parts of the webs 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate that would otherwise overlap with the core components. As in the method of FIG. 2, elastic elements for the legs can be added if desired.

An additional method in accordance with the invention is shown in figure 4.

As in the method of FIG. 2, the method of FIG. 4 includes forming a base structure from a web 22 forming a base part comprising a central web 23 of nonwoven fabric of the base part, a first and second web 24, 25 of an activated elastic two-layer laminate and a first and the second waist elements 26, 27. The laminate sheets 24, 25 are attached to the central fabric 23 of the nonwoven fabric of the base part so that the side representing the film is facing the viewer of FIG. 4 and the side representing the nonwoven material, yla faces away from the viewer, so it is a nonwoven fabric side of laminate webs will be located on the outer side of the finished diaper pants 21.

Before joining the laminate webs 24, 25 to the central nonwoven fabric 23, the base part of the laminate web is stretched, as described above, at least in the direction (MD) of the movement of the material in the machine by 10-200% of their initial length in the unstretched state, preferably stretch 35-180% of their length in an unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of their length in an unstretched state and most preferably 70-120% of their length in an unstretched state. For sheets 24, 25 of the laminate, if desired, different degrees of stretching can be used, and the sheets can have different compositions, different degrees of activation, etc.

The waist elements 26, 27 are formed by attaching individual strips of non-woven fabric 28, 29 to the outer edges of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate, attaching elastic elements 30 to the strips of non-woven fabric 28, 29 and folding, and securing the strips of 28 non-woven fabric over the elastic elements 30 to create continuous elastic belts along all the edges of the web 22 forming the base portion. Alternatively, elastic waist elements can be formed by folding the edge of one or both of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate, as shown in FIG. 3, possibly supplemented with additional elastic elements. In addition, it is possible to form a waist element at the edge of one or both of the webs 24, 25 of the elastic laminate by attaching the elastic elements to the fabric and possibly closing the elastic elements with a separate strip of non-woven material. Elastic waist elements suitable for use in the panty formation process of the invention are disclosed in PCT / SE2005 / 000309.

An elastic element 53 for the legs is applied to the canvas 22, forming the base part, in the form of a configuration having the shape of a sinusoid. The leg elastic member may be any commonly used elastic member, such as one or more elastic threads, ribbons, etc. It goes without saying that it is possible to use additional elastic elements to create an elastic element 53 for the legs and to impose elastic elements in the form of configurations other than that shown here. One suitable method for placing an elastic foot member on a web forming a base portion is disclosed in WO 2004/078083.

The core component 32 is manufactured separately from the panty formation process, as described in connection with FIG. 2, and is applied to the web 22 forming the base portion after application of the leg elastic member 53.

Before attaching the core component 32 to the base web 22, the non-elastic or elastic nonwoven web 54 is joined by lamination across the entire width of the base web 22 between the waist elastic members 26, 27.

As in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the core component 32 comprises an absorbent core 33 located between the liquid-impermeable layer 34 and the layer 35, which is a liquid-permeable top sheet.

The nonwoven web 54 is applied to cover the central web 23 of the nonwoven web of the base part, the elastic member 53 for the legs and the web 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate, which are connected to the central web 23 of the nonwoven web of the base part.

Therefore, the web 54 of nonwoven material will ensure the fixation of the elastic elements for the legs and close them at the same time as ensuring the hardening of the paintings 24, 25 of the two-layer laminate.

An additional embodiment of the method in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. The method of FIG. 5 is similar to the method of FIG. 2, but includes applying the webs 39, 40 of the nonwoven fabric to the webs 24, 25 of the stretched and activated two-layer laminate before attaching the thus-obtained fabric 84, 85 of the elastic three-layer laminate to the central fabric 23 of the nonwoven base material. As an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, three-layer laminate webs 84, 85 can be formed by joining an activated, stretched two-layer laminate web by laminating a non-woven fabric and then splitting the three-layer laminate thus obtained into two webs before joining the two webs with a central web of non-woven material of the base part.

The diaper-panties 55 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are intended to encompass the lower part of the wearer's body like a normal underwear item. In Fig. 6, the diaper 55 is shown from the inside, that is, from the side facing the wearer when the product is worn, and in Fig. 7, the diaper is shown from the outside, or from the side facing the garment, which is the side that is facing away from wearer when wearing a diaper.

The diaper has a front panel 56, a rear panel 57 and a crotch panel 58 extending between the front and rear panels 56, 57 and having a relatively small width compared to the front and rear panels 56, 57. The front and rear panels 56, 57 are made so that they covered the wearer's thighs and extended over the abdomen and back of the wearer to cover the lower part of the wearer's body.

The diaper 55 further comprises a central zone (core zone) 59 extending from the crotch panel 58 to the front panel 56 and the rear panel 57. The front and rear panels 56, 57 form a portion of the base portion 60 that extends from the side of the diaper 55 facing the garment and closes and surrounds the central zone 59. The base portion 60 includes a front panel 56, a rear panel 57, a crotch panel 58 and an elastic belt 61 attached to the front and rear panels 56, 57. Each of the front and rear panels 56, 57 has a waist edge 62, romezhnostny edge 63 and a pair of side edges, respectively 64.

The term “panel” is used here to indicate the functional part of the base part of the diaper, while the terms “zone” and “part (section)” are used to indicate the location of a particular element of the diaper in the base part or to describe the intended location of a specific part of the diaper relative to the user's body . The panel may be a separate component or part integrally with the base part. The zone or section may have a length in which they fully or partially cover one or more panels.

When the components are attached, attached to each other or fixed relative to each other, they are separate parts that have been bonded by any appropriate means, for example by gluing, grinding or ultrasonic welding or heat sealing. The term “connected” also includes removable (openable) joints, such as releasable side joints and re-closable joints, such as hook and loop joints, amenable to re-closure of adhesive tapes, snap fasteners etc. Components that were placed on top of each other need not be “connected”, although in the sense used here the term “arranged” is used in a broad sense and also covers connected components.

The front and rear panels 56, 57 are connected to each other along their side edges 64 by means of heat bonding, ultrasonic welding, adhesive cords (strips) or the like to form side seams 65, as shown in FIG. 7. The elastic waistband 61 consists of a front waist panel 61a and a rear waist panel 61b, which are attached respectively to the front panel 56 and the rear panel 57. The front and rear waist panels 61a, 61b are also connected to each other along the side seams 65. By connecting the front and rear panels 56, 57 and waist panels 61a, 61b of the diaper-panties 55 will be formed with a hole 66 for the waist and two holes 67 for the legs.

6 shows the diaper 55 in a flat state, with any elastic components that are attached to the base portion 60 in the state when they were under tensile load, stretched to the full dimensions of the base portion 60 in its unstretched state. Fig. 7 shows the diaper-panties 55 as they look when the side seams 65 were formed and the stretched elastic elements were relaxed and creased on the base material to form elasticized leg and waist openings 67, 66.

The front and rear panels 56, 57 are formed of an elastic laminate 68 containing a two-layer film / nonwoven laminate that has been activated and stretched by 10-200%, preferably 35-180% and most preferably 70-120%, at least at least in one direction and subsequently attached by lamination to the inelastic component of the base part in the form of a layer of non-woven material, which is located on the inside of the diaper. The front and rear panels 56, 57 are preferably configured to stretch them elastically at least in the direction of the waist edges 62, but can also be resiliently stretched in the direction perpendicular to the waist edges 62 in the direction of the side edges 64. Therefore, each of the front and rear panels 56, 57 contains a fabric 82, 83 of an activated, stretched two-layer elastic laminate and a fabric 80, 81 of inelastic or elastic non-woven material. The two-layer laminate and the nonwoven fabric are connected to each other by lamination, while the elastic layer of the two-layer laminate is between the layers representing the nonwoven fabric. Layers 80, 81, representing nonwoven fabric webs, were joined by lamination to the webs 82, 83 of a two-layer laminate after activation of the two-layer laminate webs. Therefore, the layers representing the nonwoven fabric webs were not subjected to stepwise stretching and retain their original integrity, thereby providing hardening of the activated laminate.

The crotch panel 58 is formed of crotch non-woven material 69, which has been attached to the front and rear panels 56, 57 in the crotch seam area 70. Therefore, crotch part material 69, which is preferably an inelastic material, such as an inelastic non-woven material, is located in the central zone 59 of the product and slightly overlaps the elastic front and rear panels 56, 57. The material 69 of the crotch part is connected along its transverse edges 71, 72 with the front and rear panels 56, 57 in overlapping parts. The connection can be made in any suitable way, for example by ultrasonic welding, by means of adhesive adhesion (glue) or the like. In alternative embodiments, the outer nonwoven fabric may extend continuously across the front and rear panels 56, 57 and the crotch panel 58 so that no seams or joints between the panels 58, 56, 57 are required.

In the example shown, elastic waistband 61 comprises first and second layers of a substantially inelastic nonwoven material that is elasticized by one or more elongated elastic members 73, such as elastic threads or ribbons. The first and second layers can be formed from one layer of material that has been bent onto it itself, or can be formed from two separate strips of material. The elastic elements 73 are placed in the belt 61 in the stretched state so that they are pulled together and provide the collection of non-woven material in the folds in the belt 61, when it is possible to weaken (relaxation), as shown in Fig.7.

An elastic belt 61 is attached to the front and rear panels 56, 57 with elastic elements 73 in a stretched state and with front and rear panel material located between the nonwoven layers in the belt. Alternatively, the elastic waistband 61 may be a component that is prefabricated and attached to the outer side or inner side of the front and rear panels 56, 57, respectively. The waist connection 74 between the waistband 61 and the front and rear panels 56, 57 can be made in any suitable manner for example by means of ultrasonic welding, heat sealing or by means of adhesive adhesion (glue). An additional option is the formation of the belt 61 from one or more layers of inelastic nonwoven materials, which also represent parts of the front and rear panels 56, 57 and form their continuous protruding parts. There is also the possibility of forming an elastic waist element by doubling the sections along the waist edges 62 of the elastic front and rear panels 56, 57 and possibly adding the folded sections to additional elastic elements.

Elastic elements 75 are also located at the edges of the leg openings 67 and serve to give elasticity to the leg openings. The elastic elements at the openings for the legs can be conventional elastic elements of any type, such as elastic threads, ribbons, strips of foam material or similar elements.

The extension of the central zone 59 in the plane is formed by a liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 located between the absorbent core 77 and the base portion 60. The liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 has a rectangular shape and the absorbent core 77 has an hourglass shape. The liquid-permeable topsheet 78 is located on top of the core 77 and the liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76. Therefore, the liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 will be located below the absorbent core 77 and adjacent areas located directly outside the absorbent core 77.

A liquid-permeable topsheet 78 may consist of any material known to be used for this, such as a non-woven fabric layer, perforated plastic film, net material, strands [fibers] or the like. Needless to say, the top sheet 78 may also consist of a laminate of two or more sheets of the same material or different materials.

The liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 may consist of a liquid impermeable plastic film, a sheet of nonwoven material that has been coated with a liquid barrier material, or a sheet of some other flexible material that is capable of withstanding liquid penetration. Nevertheless, it may be preferable if the liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 has a certain breathability, that is, allows water vapor to pass through the sheet 76.

The absorbent core 77 may be formed of absorbent material, such as fluff pulverized pulp, tissue paper, absorbent foam, etc. The absorbent core may also contain superabsorbents, that is, polymeric materials that are capable of absorbing the fluid released by the body in an amount many times greater than their own mass, and form a hydrogel. Such superabsorbents are usually present in particulate form, but fibers, flakes, granules and films are also suitable. In addition, the absorbent core 77 may contain non-absorbent components, such as stiffening elements, shaping elements, binders, etc. Various types of fluid-receiving porous structures, such as fiber packs, open-cell foam, or the like, may also be included in the core.

The topsheet 78, the barrier sheet 76 and the absorbent core 77 can be obtained as a separate component or “core pack”, which is subsequently combined with the base of the diaper, as shown in FIGS. 2-5. The various components included in the kit with the core can be connected to each other in the usual way, for example by adhesion adhesion (adhesive bonding), ultrasonic welding or heat sealing. It goes without saying that the core kit may contain additional components besides those described here, for example, the core kit may contain a fluid transporting sheet, elastic elements, elements for stabilizing the shape, elements for shaping, or the like.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the core kit was integrated with the base part after the base part was completely “assembled”. Alternatively, a core kit may be superimposed on the base before joining the nonwoven webs 80, 81 by laminating to the webs of the elastic two-layer laminate in the front and back panels 56, 57. In this case, it may be desirable to make the webs 80, 81 of the nonwoven with cutouts, located in those areas of the webs 80, 81 of non-woven material, which otherwise would cover the absorbent core 77.

The nonwoven material 69 in the crotch panel 58 is placed on the side of the liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 facing the garment. The central zone 59 extends into the front and rear panels 56, 57 so that the elastic laminate 68 in these panels overlaps the liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 in the outer parts of the central zone 59, as seen in FIG. 6. The elastic laminate 68 is placed on the side of the liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 facing the garment.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an elastic three-layer laminate 68 comprising an activated, stretched elastic two-layer film / nonwoven laminate and a layer of inelastic non-activated non-woven material preferably forms the front and rear panels 56, 57 of the panty diaper 55. However there is the possibility of performing only portions of the corresponding front and rear panels 56, 57 of the elastic three-layer laminate 68. In such embodiments, at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, of e preferably at least 30% and most preferably at least 40% of the entire surface area of the base portion, which is visible in the flat state shown in FIG. 6, is formed from an elastic three-layer laminate resulting from the process of forming cowards in in accordance with the invention. As an example, an elastic laminate can be used only in those parts of the front and back panels 56, 57 that are designed to be placed over the thighs of the wearer and thus form elastic side panels. In addition, there is the possibility of creating a product such as underpants without any overlap between the Central zone 59 and the elastic laminated material of the front and rear panels 56, 57.

The three-layer laminate 68 in the front and rear panels 56, 57 is positioned so that the nonwoven fabric web in the two-layer elastic laminate will be on the outside of the diaper and the additional nonwoven fabric will be on the inside of the diaper. This means that a diaper in a relaxed (unstretched) state will have a smooth outer side and a slightly corrugated or micro fold inner side. If desired, the orientation of the three-layer laminate can be reversed so that the smooth side will be on the inside of the diaper, and the “corrugated” side will be on the outside.

In an embodiment with additional non-woven material located on the outside, the non-woven material can be made in the form of a single fabric extending along the entire length between the belts 61, as a result of which it will form a complete seamless outer coating of the diaper. In addition, when using a continuous web forming an outer covering, there is no need to use a separate nonwoven fabric web 69 for the crotch portion, since the non-woven fabric covering will also form a crotch panel 58.

In addition, it is possible to place a continuous layer of nonwoven material on the inside of the diaper, while this layer will cover the elastic front and rear panels 56, 57, will be attached to them by lamination and will form a crotch panel 58. This embodiment is preferred due to the fact that it creates the possibility that the layer of nonwoven material will also cover any elastic element 75 for the legs, which is available on the front and rear panels 56, 57, and to ensure the fastening of this astichnogo element 75 for the legs.

Disclosed and shown in FIGS. 2-5, coward-forming methods should be understood only as examples of the method in accordance with the invention. Therefore, various operations of the method can be performed in an order different from that described as explained above. In addition, the method in accordance with the invention covers all embodiments in which a prefabricated, activated, elastic, two-layer film / nonwoven laminate is introduced into the panty formation process and is included as part of the combination web forming the base part. Accordingly, a two-layer laminate can be used to impart elasticity to any part of the composite web forming the base part, such as the crotch panel part, the front and / or rear panel part, and the waist panel parts. One or more canvases of a two-layer laminate can be introduced into the process of forming cowards. The nonwoven web of the base portion to which the two-layer elastic laminate is attached by lamination may have areas that have not been elasticized by the two-layer elastic laminate. Such non-elasticized sections of the web of the nonwoven fabric of the base part can be used to form a waist element, an inelastic part of the crotch panel, inelastic parts combined with an absorbent core component, etc.

The panty formation process may include the use of additional elements, such as elasticized or non-elasticized barrier elements, lotion, deodorizing agents, shaping elements, stabilizing elements, etc.

DESCRIPTION OF TEST METHODS

Tensile Strength (Ref: ASTM D 882 (ASTM - American Society of Testing Materials))

The method allows to determine the tensile strength and elongation of various elastic materials. The tensile strength and elongation of a well-defined test piece are determined by testing with a tensile tester.

Device: Instron 4301

• A tensile tester connected to a computer

• Slider speed: 500 m / min

• Distance between clips: 50 mm

Sample preparation: Test specimens are cut from the entire width of the material. The width of the specimen should be 25.4 mm and the length should be at least 50 mm greater than the distance between the clamps, if possible. It is important that the edges of the sample are flat and free from tears and incisions. Samples are incubated for at least 4 hours at a relative humidity of 50 ± 5% and a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C before testing.

Procedure: The tensile tester is calibrated in accordance with the instructions for the device and set to zero. The sample is fixed and ensured that it is not fixed obliquely or unevenly. Prevent slipping of material by using clamps coated with galun or similar material. The tensile tester is started and stopped after the material ruptures (in the absence of automatic control). Measurement data obtained as a result of premature rupture (i.e., the sample ruptures at the clamp or is damaged during preparation) are ignored, if possible.

The following results are displayed using a tensile tester / computer:

- maximum force, N / 25.4 mm;

- elongation at maximum effort,%;

- tearing force, N / 25.4 mm;

- elongation at breaking stress,%;

- bend point (characteristics) N /%.

Elasticity test

The method allows to determine how the elastic material behaves with repeated loading and unloading cycles. The sample is stretched to a predetermined elongation and a cyclic motion from 0 to the specified, predetermined elongation is performed. Target forces during loading and unloading are recorded. The residual, that is, the remaining elongation of the material from which the load is removed, is measured.

An Lloyd LRX tensile tester is used, with the ability to perform cyclic movements and equipped with a printer / plotter or software for presenting data. A sample is prepared by cutting it with a width of 25 mm and a length that is preferably 20 mm greater than the distance between the clamps in the tensile testing apparatus.

The tensile tester is calibrated in accordance with the instructions for the device. The parameters required for the test (efforts under loading and unloading) are adjusted to the following values:

• Slider speed: 500 mm / min • Distance between clips: 50 mm • Preload: 0.05 N

The sample is placed in the clamps in accordance with the marks and ensure that the sample is centered and fixed perpendicular to the clamps. The tensile tester is started and three cycles are performed from 0 to a predetermined elongation corresponding to the largest given first load. Before the last cycle, the sample is kept in an unstressed state for 1 minute, then the residual elongation is measured by stretching the sample until a force of 0.1 N is determined, and the elongation is recorded.

An elastic material is defined as a material having a residual elongation after relaxation of less than 10% after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30% in the above test. Elongation of 30% means elongation to a length that is 30% more than the original length of the sample.

An inelastic material, as used herein, is a material that has a residual elongation after stretching and relaxation of more than 10% after subjecting the material to elongation of 30%, as determined in accordance with the elasticity test.

Puncture strength

Puncture resistance is measured in accordance with ASTM Designation D3763-02. From the shock type penetration tests by this method, the data of the load versus displacement are obtained. The maximum load for each sample is calculated.

EXAMPLES

The tensile strength in the direction of movement of the material in the machine (MD) and in the transverse direction (CD) was measured for three samples.

Sample A is a conventional activated three-layer laminate containing an internal three-layer elastomeric film with holes made of polyethylene - a copolymer of styrene and ethylene / butadiene with alternating blocks of polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE) and having a density of 36 g / m ² and two the outer layer of non-woven material spunbond production method, namely from PP (polypropylene), each of which has a density of 22 g / m ² . Laminate was obtained by applying one layer of nonwoven fabric of spunbond production method to the film when the film was in an sticky state, and another layer of nonwoven fabric of spunbond production method was attached to the film layer by adhesive lamination using, for example, hot-melt adhesive, pressure sensitive adhesive (c the amount of glue 3 g / m ² ). The laminate was subjected to step-by-step stretching, in which the layers of inelastic nonwoven fabric of the spunbond production method were stretched to a value less than the relative elongation at maximum load to maintain some strength of the layers of nonwoven fabric of the spunbond production method.

The density values of the layers in the laminate are the density values after activation. Before activation, the density of the individual layers was as follows: the inner layer of the film was 40 g / m ² , the outer layers of non-woven spunbond materials were 25 g / m ² in each layer, and the adhesive layer was 3 g / m ² .

Sample B is a three-layer laminate containing the first activated two-layer laminate containing a layer of nonwoven polypropylene material of a spunbond production method having a density of 22 g / m ² and a three-layer elastomeric film with holes made of polyethylene - a styrene-ethylene / butadiene copolymer with alternating blocks - polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE) and having a density of 36 g / m ^2, which was subjected to an additional connection at an elongation of 70% laminated to a layer of nonwoven material filernog production process, having a density of 18 g / m ² (S1800PHW from Union Industries SpA).

Sample C is a three-layer laminate containing an activated two-layer laminate from sample B, which was additionally joined by stretching by 70% by laminating a spunbond production method having a density of 20 g / m ² to the layer (Lutrasil 9520XF from Freudenberg Fliesstoffe KG).

Sample D is a three-layer laminate containing an activated two-layer laminate from sample B, which was additionally joined by stretching by 25% by lamination to a creped non-woven spunbond material having a density of 20 g / m ² (From First Quality). Crepe nonwoven fabric was 50% sealed when creped.

Sample E is the same three-layer laminate as in sample D, but with a two-layer laminate stretched 40% during bonding with a creped nonwoven layer by lamination.

Test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Sample Tensile strength in the direction of movement of the material in the machine, N / 25 mm Transverse tensile strength, N / 25 mm Piercing force, N BUT 34 9 40 AT 42 26 74 FROM 40 33 80 D 25 38 73 E 22 44 77

As can be seen in Table 1, the laminates B - E in accordance with the invention have a significantly higher tensile strength in the direction of movement of the material in the machine and in the transverse direction and greater puncture resistance than a three-layer laminate according to the prior art.

Claims (55)

1. A method of manufacturing absorbent articles such as underpants, each of which includes a base having at least one elastic panel and a component (32) of the absorbent core combined with it, the method including a continuous process of forming underpants, comprising base formation and inclusion of an absorbent core component (32) in the base, characterized in that at least one elastic panel is manufactured by separately manufacturing a two-layer laminate (8) containing the first inelast web (1) fibrous nonwoven material and an elastic film (6), activating a two-layer laminate (8) by stepwise stretching in at least one direction to give the two-layer laminate (8) the ability to elastically stretch, stretching the activated two-layer laminate (8) to 70- 200% in at least one direction, introducing a two-layer laminate (8) into the process of forming cowards and attaching an elastic film (6) to the stretched two-layer laminate (8) by laminating to a non-woven component at (39, 40, 23, 54) bases. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven component (39, 40, 23, 54) of the base is an inelastic component. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the component (32) of the absorbent core is formed separately from the process of forming cowards and introduced into the process of forming cowards before attaching or after attaching an elastic film (6) by lamination to a non-woven component (39, 40, 23, 54) of the base. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching an elastic stretched side of the first web (24) of the activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to the central part of the continuous web (23) of the non-woven base material to form a combined web (22) base. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching the elastic web side of the first web (24) of the activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to the first part of the continuous web (23) of the nonwoven base material and attaching elastic film of the side of the second web (25) of the activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate by lamination to the second part of the continuous web (23) of non-woven material b the basics for the formation of a combined canvas (22) base. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching the first fabric (24) of the activated stretched two-layer laminate to the first edge of the continuous central fabric (23) of the nonwoven base material, attaching a second fabric (25) of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate to the second edge of the continuous central web (23) of the non-woven base material to form a combined base web (22), joining the first web (39) of the non-woven fabric through llamas nirovaniya elastic film to the first web (24) is activated stretched two-layer laminate and attaching said second web (40) by laminating the nonwoven to the elastic film of said second web (25) is activated stretched two-layer laminate. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes the manufacture of the first and second webs (84, 85) of a three-layer elastic laminate by attaching an activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a nonwoven fabric, attaching the first fabric (84) a three-layer elastic laminate to the first edge of the continuous central web (23) of the nonwoven base material and joining the second fabric (85) of the three-layer elastic laminate to the second edge of the continuous center base fabric (23) of the nonwoven base material for the formation of a combined base fabric (22). 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the component (32) of the absorbent core is placed on the combined base web (22) so that the central part of the specified component (32) extends over the central web (23) of the non-woven base material, and the end part the specified component is located on top of each of the webs (24, 25) of the two-layer laminate, while the first and second webs (39, 40) of the nonwoven material, if necessary, are provided with cutouts (43) corresponding in size and shape to the parts of the specified component that are located first and torus webs (39, 40) of nonwoven material, the recesses (43) aligned with said components (32). 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming cowards includes attaching a first web (24) of an activated stretched two-layer laminate to the first edge of a continuous central web (23) of a nonwoven base material, joining a second web (25) of an activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate to the second edge of the central fabric (23) of the nonwoven base material to form the combined base fabric (22), attaching the elastic element (53) for the legs to the combined base fabric and connecting the web (54) of the nonwoven material by lamination to the combined base cloth (22), while the web (54) of the nonwoven material covers the first and second webs (24, 25) of the two-layer elastic laminate and the elastic element (53) for the legs. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching a first web (24) of an activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate by laminating to a portion of the first continuous web (23) of the nonwoven base material at a distance from the first edge at the first continuous web (23) of non-woven base material, joining a second web (25) of an activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a portion of a second continuous web (23) of non-woven base material at a distance from the first edge on the second continuous web (23) of the non-woven base material and attaching the first edge on the first continuous web (23) of the non-woven base material to the first edge on the second continuous web (23) of the non-woven base to form a combined base web (22) . 11. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the combined base fabric (22) is provided with an elastic waist element (26, 27) along at least one edge. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the elastic waist element (26, 27) is attached to the canvas (22) of the base as a separate component. 13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the elastic waist element (26, 27) is an integral part of the canvas (22) base. 14. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching a web (24) of an activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate by laminating to a continuous web (23) of non-woven base material at a distance from the edges of the continuous web (23) of non-woven material the base, the formation of an elastic waist element along the first and second edges of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base by attaching elastic means to the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base in the first cr the left part between the edge of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric of the base and the first edge on the fabric of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate, and in the second edge part between the second edge of the continuous cloth of the nonwoven fabric of the base and the second edge of the fabric of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate and by folding the first and second edge parts continuous web of non-woven base material for setting elastic means. 15. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the process of forming underpants includes attaching the first fabric (24) of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate by laminating to the first portion of the continuous fabric (23) of the nonwoven base material at a distance from the first edge on the continuous fabric (23) a nonwoven base material, joining a second web (25) of an activated stretched two-layer laminate by lamination to a second portion of a continuous web (23) of a nonwoven base material on standing from the second edge on the continuous web (23) of the non-woven base material, the formation of an elastic waist element along the first and second edges of the continuous web of the non-woven base material by attaching elastic means to the continuous web of the non-woven base material on the first edge portion between the first edge of the continuous web of the non-woven base material and the first web of the activated stretched bilayer elastic laminate and on the second edge part between the second edge of the continuous web of nonwoven fabric material of the base and the second web of the activated stretched two-layer elastic laminate and by bending the first and second edge parts of the continuous web of non-woven base material for setting elastic means. 16. The method according to any one of claims 4-10, 14, 15, characterized in that the activated two-layer laminate (8) is stretched in at least one direction by 70-180% of its length in an unstretched state when connected to non-woven component (39, 40, 23, 54) of the base by lamination. 17. The method according to any one of claims 4-10, 14, 15, characterized in that the activated two-layer laminate (8) is stretched in at least one direction by 70-150% of its length in an unstretched state when connected to non-woven component (39, 40, 23, 54) of the base by lamination. 18. The method according to any one of claims 4-10, 14, 15, characterized in that the activated two-layer laminate (8) is stretched in at least one direction by 70-120% of its length in an unstretched state when connected to non-woven component (39, 40, 23, 54) of the base by lamination. 19. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 10, 14, 15, characterized in that the process of forming cowards further includes one or more of the following technological operations: cutting the web (22) of the base to form holes (45) for the legs, bending the base web (22) together with the absorbent core component (32) combined with it, the formation of side joints (46) on the bent web and the separation of individual absorbent articles (21) such as cowards from the base web (22) by cutting off the side joints (46) . 20. A panty-type absorbent article (21) comprising a base comprising a front panel (56) having a front end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), a rear panel having a rear end edge (62) and the first and the second side edges (64), and the crotch panel (58) located between the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the front and rear waist panels located respectively at the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the component (32 ) an absorbent core, combined with the base, while the first and second side edges (64) of the front panel (56) attach through edge connections (65) to the corresponding first and second side edges (64) of the rear panel (57), characterized in that at least one of the front and rear panels (56, 57) contains an activated two-layer elastic laminate containing the first web of non-elastic fibrous non-woven material and an elastic film, and a non-woven component of the base, attached by lamination to the elastic film of a two-layer elastic laminate after activating by stretching the two-layer elastic laminate by 70-200% of its extent with unstretched condition in at least one direction. 21. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 20, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) is located at least on one of the front and rear panels (56, 57). 22. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 21, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) extends continuously over the entire length between the edge joints (65). 23. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that at least 20% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 24. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that at least 25% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 25. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that at least 30% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 26. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that at least 40% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 27. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the non-woven component of the base is a web of creped non-woven material. 28. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the component (32) of the absorbent core comprises an upper sheet (78), a barrier sheet (76) and an absorbent core (77) located between the upper sheet (78 ) and the barrier sheet (76). 29. A panty-type absorbent article (21) comprising a base comprising a front panel (56) having a front end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), a rear panel having a rear end edge (62) and the first and the second side edges (64), and the crotch panel (58) located between the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the front and rear waist panels located respectively at the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the absorbent core component combined with the base, while the first and second side edges (64) of the front panel (56) are attached by means of edge connections (65) to the corresponding first and second side edges (64) of the rear panel (57), characterized in that at least one of the front and rear panels (56, 57) contains an activated bilayer elastic laminate containing the first a non-elastic fibrous nonwoven fabric web and an elastic film, and a non-woven base component bonded by lamination to the elastic film of a two-layer elastic laminate after activation of a two-layer elastic laminate by stretching 70-180% of its length unstretched state in at least one direction. 30. An absorbent product such as underpants according to clause 29, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) is located at least on one of the front and rear panels (56, 57). 31. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 30, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) extends continuously over the entire length between the edge joints (65). 32. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 29-31, characterized in that at least 20% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 33. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 29-31, characterized in that at least 25% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 34. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 29-31, characterized in that at least 30% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 35. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 29-31, characterized in that at least 40% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 36. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to any one of claims 29-31, characterized in that the non-woven component of the base is a web of creped non-woven material. 37. An absorbent article of the type of panties according to any one of claims 29-31, characterized in that the component (32) of the absorbent core comprises an upper sheet (78), a barrier sheet (76) and an absorbent core (77) located between the upper sheet (78) and barrier sheet (76). 38. A panty-type absorbent article (21) containing a base comprising a front panel (56) having a front end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), a rear panel having a rear end edge (62) and the first and the second side edges (64), and the crotch panel (58) located between the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the front and rear waist panels located respectively at the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the absorbent core component combined with the base, while the first and second side edges (64) of the front panel (56) are attached by means of edge connections (65) to the corresponding first and second side edges (64) of the rear panel (57), characterized in that at least one of the front and rear panels (56, 57) contains an activated bilayer elastic laminate containing the first a non-elastic fibrous nonwoven fabric web and an elastic film and a non-woven base component bonded by lamination to the elastic film of a two-layer elastic laminate after activation of a two-layer elastic laminate by stretching 70-150% of its length unstretched state in at least one direction. 39. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 38, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) is located at least on one of the front and rear panels (56, 57). 40. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 39, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) extends continuously over the entire length between the edge joints (65). 41. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 38-40, characterized in that at least 20% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 42. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 38-40, characterized in that at least 25% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 43. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 38-40, characterized in that at least 30% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 44. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 38-40, characterized in that at least 40% of the total surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 45. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to any one of claims 38-40, characterized in that the non-woven component of the base is a web of creped non-woven material. 46. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to any one of claims 38-40, characterized in that the component (32) of the absorbent core comprises an upper sheet (78), a barrier sheet (76) and an absorbent core (77) located between the upper sheet (78) and barrier sheet (76). 47. A panty-type absorbent article (21) comprising a base comprising a front panel (56) having a front end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), a rear panel having a rear end edge (62) and the first and the second side edges (64), and the crotch panel (58) located between the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the front and rear waist panels located respectively at the front and rear panels (56, 57), and the absorbent core component combined with the base, while the first and second side edges (64) of the front panel (56) are attached by means of edge connections (65) to the corresponding first and second side edges (64) of the rear panel (57), characterized in that at least one of the front and rear panels (56, 57) contains an activated bilayer elastic laminate containing the first a non-elastic fibrous nonwoven fabric web and an elastic film and a non-woven base component bonded by lamination to the elastic film of a two-layer elastic laminate after activation of a two-layer elastic laminate by stretching 70-120% of its length unstretched state in at least one direction. 48. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to claim 47, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) is located at least on one of the front and rear panels (56, 57). 49. An absorbent product such as underpants according to claim 48, characterized in that the elastic waist panel (61a, 61b) extends continuously over the entire length between the edge joints (65). 50. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 47-49, characterized in that at least 20% of the entire surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 51. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to one of claims 47-49, characterized in that at least 25% of the entire surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 52. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of claims 47-49, characterized in that at least 30% of the entire surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and non-woven base component bonded by lamination to a two-layer elastic laminate. 53. An absorbent article of the type of cowards according to one of paragraphs. 47-49, characterized in that at least 40% of the entire surface area of the base, visible in a flat state, is an elastic three-layer laminate (68) containing an activated two-layer elastic laminate and a nonwoven base component bonded by lamination to a bilayer elastic laminate. 54. An absorbent article of the type of underpants according to any one of claims 47-49, characterized in that the non-woven component of the base is a web of creped non-woven material. 55. An absorbent article such as underpants according to any one of claims 47-49, characterized in that the absorbent core component (32) comprises an upper sheet (78), a barrier sheet (76) and an absorbent core (77) located between the upper sheet (78 ) and barrier sheet (76).

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