RU2102263C1 - Device for measurement and registration of motion parameter of transport facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring and registration means of motion parameters and operation of transport facility assemblies in case of a traffic accident. SUBSTANCE: the device uses longitudinal and lateral acceleration transducers connected via analog-to-digital converters to a processing controller coupled to a storage unit and electronic clock with a calendar. The device is furnished with a stand-by power source and power and communication connector to transport facility signals. Provision is made for a connector to a program-reproducer complex reproducing the clear and precise picture of the traffic accident. EFFECT: improved design. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to systems for measuring and fixing the parameters of movement and operation of vehicle components in the event of a traffic accident.

 It is known that in a traffic accident (accident) investigating the cause of the accident is a laborious process. The result of the investigation, with rare exceptions, does not give an accurate picture of what happened and does not unambiguously identify the culprit of the incident, whether it is a subject (one of the participants in an accident) or an object (road condition, visibility conditions, etc.). To obtain an accurate picture of an accident, as a rule, there is a lack of objectively accurate information about the parameters of the movement of vehicles immediately before the accident, which are absolutely necessary to recreate the picture of the accident. Participants in the incident either do not own the exact picture, or intentionally distort it. The same applies to witnesses if they were willing to help the investigation. In any case, the description of the incident picture by the sections and witnesses is only additional material to the objective picture of the incident, which the traffic police can fix. Obtaining an objective picture of an accident is not always possible for many reasons, of which the most common precipitation on the road surface, traffic intensity, approximation of determining speeds from braking traces, etc.

 Known invention by ed. testimonial. USSR N 1516415, class In 62 D 41/00, 1989. The essence of this invention is as follows.

 Over the entire width of the machine, under the front and rear bumpers, a structure is installed that partially collapses if the machine body is deformed at the installation site, while the glass rods that normally hold the three-position switch in the middle position are destroyed. When the rod is destroyed, the ignition circuit is turned off and an audible signal is turned on to attract others. To identify the car, if it disappeared from the accident site, the state license plate of the car was repeated many times over the entire length of the rods, which makes it possible for fragments that inevitably end up on the road (given by the design) to identify the hiding participant in the accident.

 However, to recreate a clear and accurate picture of an accident, information about the movement of the vehicle over a period of time immediately adjacent to the moment of the accident is necessary. If this time interval is much larger than the driver’s reaction to changes in traffic conditions, then knowing the vehicle’s acceleration, speed and path at any time within this time interval gives a physically complete picture of what happened.

 Closest to the proposed in essence and scope is the invention of autosvid. USSR N 1446002, class In 60 R 27/00, 1987.

 The invention provides a device for recording impact parameters for a vehicle safety system, which is equipped with an acceleration sensor containing a gear, in order to increase the accuracy of measuring impact parameters during a traffic accident and obtain data on the vehicle speed at the moment of impact and its acceleration at the time of rebound the rack, which is installed parallel to the first gear rack, is spring-loaded in the opposite direction and engaged with a gear wheel connected to the recorder, and between the acceleration and deceleration sensors there is a rotor with a speed scale that is driven by the vehicle’s transmission, while an inertial body spring-loaded on both sides along the axis of rotation is installed in the rotor with the possibility of rotation relative to it and moving along its axis parallel to the gear racks of the sensors with conical locking elements, on one of which a speed indicator is placed on the speed scale, while the conical elements are located with a gap inside the nests, each of which ying the rotor as a Morse cone, and between the conical locking elements disposed gear racks geared through a spring-loaded inertial mass mounted in the guide of the rotor eccentricity with respect to its axis.

 The numerical value of the amount of deceleration that occurs upon impact, and the amount of acceleration that occurs when the vehicle bounces, is determined by the readings on the corresponding scales.

 The disadvantages of the described device are: limited fixed data (only 3 numbers: speed at the moment of contact, deceleration at the moment of contact, acceleration as a result of elastic reflection) does not describe all the circumstances that led to the accident, and therefore does not allow to restore the quantitative picture of movement over a certain period of time prior to the accident, which is fundamentally important for the analysis of the incident; the high cost of a precision mechanical product, which, combined with the smallness of the data recorded and, as a result, low utility, is economically inexpedient.

 A device for measuring and fixing the parameters of a vehicle, mainly a car, in a traffic accident, comprising a longitudinal acceleration meter connected via an analog-to-digital converter to a processor controller for processing received signals, a memory unit and a clock with a calendar connected to the processor controller to save the moment of occurrence of significant signals, and a connector for communication with a hardware-software complex (FR, acc. application N 2487553, CL G 07 C 5/08, 1982).

 The disadvantage of this device is that it does not fully evaluate such a parameter as the acceleration acting on the vehicle in a traffic accident. This device only registers longitudinal acceleration, while in reality the vehicle is also affected by lateral acceleration. In addition, the known device is powered through the on-board power system of the vehicle itself. In this regard, it is possible that the cause of the traffic accident may be the failure of this power system, or it may be broken or damaged as a result of the accident. In this case, the device does not provide registration of motion parameters. In addition, the processor controller used in the known device is aimed at solving the problem of recording all the motion parameters of the vehicle itself and throughout its movement. In this regard, when restoring the car’s motion picture in the period immediately close to the time of the accident, the identification of the necessary data is difficult, since the memory unit does not have a priority function and does not set the entered data in the order “last entered - first left”.

 The proposed device for measuring and fixing the motion parameters of a vehicle, for example, a car, during a traffic accident (accident) is devoid of these drawbacks, as it does not contain precision parts in such an amount as a prototype, which simplifies the design as a whole and makes it serial capable and economically feasible.

 In addition, the device measures and fixes, in addition to the values of speed and acceleration at the time of an accident, to a multitude of values of the same values and the value of the path at a certain time interval to the moment of an accident and at a certain interval immediately after being linked to time, which makes this device a really necessary tool to recreate a quantitatively accurate picture of the incident. A significant positive property of the device is the independence of the measured and recorded motion parameters from the kinematic scheme of the car, which eliminates fatal errors of fixed values that occur when measuring speed from the vehicle circuit when the wheels lock (normal situation in an accident).

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the proposed device, fixing the motion parameters of a vehicle, such as a car, in a traffic accident containing meters and detectors of longitudinal acceleration and braking (rebound) associated with indicators of their values, the device further includes a meter and a transverse lock acceleration (shock), and the pointers are made in the form of a single processor controller, and the meters themselves (gauges) are connected to the latter using analog-to-digital converters.

 In addition, the device additionally includes a memory unit for storing acceleration values that were some time before the accident and some time after, as well as the fact that it stores several such arrays for the last few “emergency cases” and contains a clock with a calendar connected to the processor controller for saving, together with the acceleration values, the times when this acceleration took place has a power and communication connector with a vehicle connected to a backup power source connected to meters, analog-to-digital converters, a processor controller, a memory unit, and providing power to all of the above in case of on-board power failure in the process of an accident.

 In addition, the device has a connector connected to the memory unit for communication with the hardware-software stationary complex, thus forming a system for reconstructing a quantitatively accurate picture of an accident.

 The described set of essential features allows you to recreate a clear and accurate picture of an accident.

 In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a device for measuring and fixing vehicle motion parameters placed on a vehicle; in FIG. 2 power scheme of the device.

 The whole system consists of two parts, one part is a device for measuring and fixing the vehicle’s motion parameters, and the second part is a stationary software and hardware stationary complex, an instrument for obtaining an accident pattern according to the data of the “participant” accident recorded by the above-mentioned device.

 The device comprises: a meter 1 of longitudinal acceleration, that is, acceleration of a vehicle operating parallel to the longitudinal axis; transverse acceleration meter 2; analog-to-digital Converter 3 for measuring the longitudinal acceleration; the same ADC 4 for the transverse acceleration meter; processor controller 5, producing all the necessary and programmed data processing; non-volatile memory 6 for storing arrays of acceleration values of the latest emergency cases; 7 hours with a calendar; source 8 backup power; connector 9 power and communication with the signals of the vehicle; connector 10 communication with the hardware-software complex; vehicle power source 11; stationary hardware-software complex 12.

 The device is rigidly attached to the vehicle body (the correct measurement of acceleration is possible when the device with the body is a single structural unit).

 Through connector 9, the device can receive signals from the ignition system, brakes, external lighting devices and an audio signal. The state of these systems and signals is also recorded in arrays along with the values of accelerations. These data enrich the material submitted for analysis, but cause additional laboriousness when installing the device in vehicles. The device can be operated both using this data and without it. The main value is acceleration.

 The backup power supply ensures the normal operation of the device in case of power failure as a result of an accident and then for six months. In normal mode, the backup power source is connected in parallel with the vehicle's on-board source and is charged from it as necessary.

 The device is running continuously. When de-energized, its operability is ensured by the internal power source 8, which is made up from the power source 11 on the vehicle.

 The output signal of each acceleration meter 1 and 2 is fed to its ADC 3 and 4, which are driven by pulses of 20 ms duration and clock sequences generated by controller 5. From the ADC outputs, a twelve-digit binary number and one bit of the acceleration sign are sent to controller 5.

 The controller geometrically adds two simultaneous numbers of longitudinal and transverse accelerometers and writes the result to its stack memory, the volume of which is designed, for example, for 5 minutes; the earliest entries are constantly pushed out and replaced by current ones coming to the input of the stack.

 Controller 5 compares each new value of the acceleration vector with the value of the normal acceleration boundary. The controller calculates the vector difference between the current and previous value and compares it with the allowable boundary of the acceleration derivative. With a constant time quantization step, the derivative is equal to the difference up to a constant.

 If the specified acceleration level and / or rate of change is exceeded, a command is issued to transfer the contents of the stack memory to non-volatile memory 6, acceleration values are added to it within the next minute after the event.

 In non-volatile memory 6, a table is organized for the placement of arrays of values. For this newly recorded array, the address position of the array and the calendar time of its creation are entered in this table.

 If there is not enough space for the new array, the earliest one is erased, and the current one is written in its place.

 The hardware-software complex 12 is equipped with a program that provides mathematical processing of the acceleration values rewritten from the device under study in order to obtain the speed and path values associated with the acceleration to the corresponding time points.

 The resulting table of acceleration, velocity, and path vectors is used to construct a motion model. The motion model is displayed as a dynamic motion picture with the ability to scale time over a wide range up to a stop at a given moment. The program provides step-by-step research and selection of any required moment from a fixed interval.

 The dynamic picture of the movement at the choice of the operator for each time point displays the quantitative values of the vectors of acceleration, speed, path.

 The program provides a link to the traffic plan of the accident, which is entered manually by the operator, and a link to the movement of the second, other vehicles of the accident partners in conjunction. If the vehicle of the second participant in an accident or other participants is equipped with a device of the system, then software processing is performed both separately for each participant and in conjunction after the information from the devices of all participants in an accident is transferred to the set. If no devices are installed on parts of the vehicles, then the data recorded in the protocol of the initial inspection of the scene and related to such vehicles are entered manually by the operator.

Claims (1)

 A device for measuring and fixing the motion parameters of a vehicle, mainly a car, during a traffic accident, containing a longitudinal acceleration meter connected via an analog-to-digital converter to the processor controller for processing the received signals, a memory unit and a calendar clock connected to the processor controller to save the moment time for creating signal values, and a connector for communication with a hardware-software complex, characterized in that it is equipped with a pop meter river acceleration of the vehicle, connected via an analog-to-digital converter to the processor controller, and a backup power source to provide power to the device when the vehicle’s on-board power is turned off, while the processor controller is capable of geometrical folding of momentary signals from longitudinal and lateral acceleration meters , writing the result to its stack memory, made short-term and with a limited amount, ensuring the possibility of replacing the earliest record of the current one arriving at the input of the stack, comparing each new value of the acceleration vector with the boundary value of normal acceleration, calculating the vector difference between the current and previous values, comparing it with the permissible boundary derivative of acceleration and if the specified acceleration level is exceeded and / or the rate at which it changes the census from the stack memory to the memory block.

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