RU2185298C2 - Vehicle antitheft protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; alarm and antitheft protection systems. SUBSTANCE: proposed device has NAVSTAR navigation system satellites, retranslator and special equipment mounted on vehicle and at dispatcher control station. Said equipment includes receiving antennas, transmit-receive antennas, GPS-signals receivers, radio stations, matching units, microprocessor, additional data transducers, transmit-receive unit, actuator unit, computer, documentation device, display, high frequency generator, modulating code generator, phase manipulator, power amplifier, antenna switch, high frequency amplifier, phase detector, correlator, threshold unit, storage battery, ignition key, two relays, sound synchronizer, push-button and pendulous switches and signal lamps. Principle of protection of vehicle, both in motion and at standstill, is based on the fact that in case of unauthorized switching on the ignition or opening of doors, hood or trunk, radio channel is activated over which alarm phase-keyed signal is transmitted to dispatcher control station. EFFECT: improved efficiency and reliability of antitheft protection. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to vehicles and can be used to prevent unauthorized use or theft of vehicles, such as cars.

 The known "Method of preventing theft of a vehicle" (RF patent 2057037, 60 R 25/04, 1992), based on the emission of a signal of a certain frequency in the direction of a vehicle moving past a vehicle inspection post and forming a lock command on the latter in case of receiving an emitted signal vehicle movement. This method provides the detention of a stolen vehicle only in the area of the location of the car inspection post, i.e. its capabilities are geographically limited.

 Also known is the "Method of protecting vehicles" (RF patent 203227, G 08 B 25/10, 1992), based on the emission of a signal by a radio transmitter installed on a controlled vehicle, signal reception, by at least two radio receiving stations with direction finding of the vehicle on the central station followed by search for this vehicle. In the practical implementation of this method, standard blocks and devices can be used. So, direction finders, with the help of which they determine the coordinates of a guarded vehicle after receiving a modulated signal, can be performed according to a standard scheme with two antennas, one of which has a circular beam pattern, the other - a figure-eight diagram located in a horizontal plane, while the resulting diagram has the shape of a cardioid, which allows direction finding to minimize the audibility of the received alarm. However, the direction finding of the vehicle is carried out at a relatively low signal to noise ratio, which is a disadvantage of the method.

 To signal the unauthorized use of a vehicle, the method can be used (RF patent 2061323, 60 R 25/10, 1993), which measures the supply voltage of the on-board network, records its changes by the appearance of a high-frequency component due to the distributed inductance of the on-board network , which form the control signal.

 A known method of controlling and controlling the movement of vehicles (V. Bobrin and others. Automobile transport, 1991, 12, p. 23, Fig. 1), which consists in the fact that they receive signals from the global navigation system "Navstar" equipment installed on vehicles and the control center geodesically linked to the terrain, determine the location of vehicles, exchange information between the control center and vehicles directly and / or through a relay, specify the location of vehicles stv using differential corrections.

Known systems and devices for preventing unauthorized use or theft of vehicles are based:
- on the use of sound signaling devices (author's certificate. 1634557, 60 R 25/10, 1988; RF patents 2011575, 60 60 25/00, 1992; 2033354, 60 60 25/00, 1992, 2040416, 60 R 25/00, 1993 and others);
- on the use of a code device and a radio channel through which alarming information is transmitted (RF patents 2.033.352, 60 R 25/00, 1991 and others);
- on the blocking of hydraulic brake and clutch drives with the transmission of alarm information over the air (RF patent 2021927, 60 R 25/00, 1992 and others);
- on the capture of the hijacker using a transport pneumatic system (RF patent 2050294, 60 R 21/16, 1993 and others),
- the use of complex signals transmitted over the radio channel and direction finding of a stolen vehicle by the phase method (RF patents 2006394, 2033353, 2042548, 2061321, 2061322, 2061323, 60 R 25/00, 1992-1993 and others);
However, these systems and devices basically only signal the unauthorized use or theft of the vehicle, but do not provide for the location of the stolen vehicle and its detention, i.e., they have a relatively low reliability of protecting vehicles from theft and theft.

 The basic object should be considered as a way to control and control the movement of vehicles (V. Bobrin and others. Long-range navigation systems. Automobile Transport, 1991, 12, p. 23, Fig. 1), using signals from the Navstar global navigation system .

 This method allows the location of a stolen vehicle with an accuracy of 100 m, and with the so-called differential error correction method (measuring coordinates relative to a known point - a geodesic control station) up to 2-5 m.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of protecting the vehicle from theft and theft due to low information about theft of the vehicle and low reliability of protection. This is because in the known method there is no alarm signal carrying information about the very fact of unauthorized exposure, about the number and brand of the stolen vehicle, which sharply reduces the effectiveness of the protection.

 The low reliability of the protection in the known method is due to the lack of blocking the movement of the stolen vehicle and the operational detention of intruders.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protecting vehicles from theft and theft while increasing the reliability of protection.

 The problem is solved in that according to a method based on the reception of a phase-shifted signal of the Navstar satellite navigation system by equipment installed on a controlled vehicle and a control center with known coordinates obtained as a result of precision geodetic surveys, location of a controlled vehicle, information exchange between a control room and a controlled vehicle over the air directly and / or through a retra An annunciator installed in the central part of the city and specifying the location of the controlled vehicle, when an unauthorized exposure to the controlled vehicle is generated, an alarm phase-shift signal is generated with the distinctive features of the controlled vehicle encrypted in it, and it is transmitted over the air to the control room, where the alarm phase-shift signal is recorded, demodulate and decode it, and then form and transmit it over the air to a stolen transport An equivalent means a similar control signal to lock the doors of a stolen vehicle, turn off the engine, turn on the light and sound alarms, while at the same time, from the control station, they report via radio or cellular communication the characteristics of the stolen vehicle to the capture groups located in the area.

 Protection of the vehicle from unauthorized exposure by the proposed method is carried out by performing the following sequence of operations.

1. Receive phase-shifted signal satellite navigation system "Navstar" (figure 1)
Uc (t) = Uc • cos [2πfct + φ _к (t) + φc], 0≤t≤T _s ,
where U _c , f _c , φc, T _c - amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase and signal duration;
φ _к (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component, which displays the phase manipulation law of the phase in accordance with the modulating code M (t) (C / A code) 1023 characters long, and φ _к (t) = const at Kτ _E ≤t≤ (K + 1) τ and _E may vary abruptly at Kτ _E = t, i.e. at the boundaries between elementary premises (K = 1, 2, ..., N-1);
τ _E , N - the duration and number of chips that make up the signal with a duration of T _c Tc = Nτ _E );
equipment installed on a controlled vehicle and a control center, which is geodesically tied to the terrain.

 As the modulating code M (t) (C / A code), a pseudo-random sequence of 1023 characters in length is used.

 The Global Positioning System (GPS), also known as the Navstar (Navigation System with Time and Ranging), is designed to transmit navigation signals that can be received simultaneously in all regions of the world. The structure of this system includes the space segment, consisting of 24 spacecraft, a network of ground-based stations for monitoring their work and the user segment (navigation receivers). All satellites 1. j (j = 1, 2, ... ... 24) are autonomous. The parameters of their orbits are periodically monitored by a network of ground-based tracking stations, with the help of which ballistic characteristics are calculated at least 1-2 times a day, spacecraft deviations from the calculated motion paths are recorded, and the own time of the boron clock is determined.

 2. Determine the location of the monitored vehicle 2. The GPS receiver 5 sequentially captures and processes the phase-shift (PSK) signals of each satellite from the selected constellation. In this case, the receiver alternately uses two main operating modes - receiving information and navigation. In navigation mode, the location of the vehicle is updated every second and basic navigation data is displayed. In the information reception mode, data of the ephemeris and time corrections necessary for the navigation mode are received, and more rare (after one minute) navigation measurements are made.

 The microprocessor 8, which is part of the on-board vehicle complex, has two functions: it serves the receiver and performs navigation calculations. The first is to select a working constellation of satellites, calculate target designation data, store code phase and carrier estimates, synchronize by bits, frames, and control the operation of the receiver, for example, switch from information reception mode to navigation mode and vice versa. The second function of the microprocessor 8 is to calculate the ephemeris, determine the coordinates of the location of the vehicle and issue to display the coordinates of the place. In addition, the microprocessor 8 selects a working constellation of four satellites, provides the addresses of the C / A codes of these satellites and calculates the Doppler frequency shift of the FMN signal of each satellite. Next, the receiver 5 sequentially searches and captures satellite signals, working with them for one minute (only 4 minutes per constellation). Moreover, for each signal, the C / A code, carrier frequency and phase are first captured, and after synchronization by bits and frames, the satellite navigation message is selected and stored. The phase of the code, the frequency and phase of the carrier of each satellite are also stored in order to facilitate re-capture of the signal during operation in the subsequent navigation mode.

 The receiver 5 operates in navigation mode until the geometry of the satellites remains satisfactory or until the ephemeris is outdated. To update the ephemeris, the navigation mode is interrupted and the receiver 5 is entered into the repeated mode of receiving information. In this case, the same sequence of operations is observed as in the initial mode, however, between transitions to the next satellite, i.e. every minute, the receiver returns to the navigation mode to determine its location. This order of alternating modes occurs automatically throughout the entire time the vehicle is moving.

 To determine the two coordinates of the place (latitude and longitude) and time, measurements from three satellites are required. In this receiver, information from the fourth "extra" satellite may be necessary during various maneuvers of the vehicle, when it is possible to obscure the signals of one or more satellites.

 3. The exchange of information between the control room 14 and the monitored vehicle 2 via a radio channel directly and / or through a relay 13 installed in the central part of the city.

 4. Clarify the location of the controlled vehicle. A standard receiver provides a satellite detection time of not more than 3-4 minutes and an error in determining vehicle coordinates not more than 100 m.

 To improve the accuracy of determining the location of the vehicle, the differential correction method is used, which is based on the use of the principle of differential navigation measurements, known in radio navigation.

 The differential mode allows you to set the coordinates of the observed vehicle with an accuracy of 5 m in a dynamic navigation environment and up to 2 m in stationary conditions. Differential mode is implemented using the GPS control receiver 17 installed at the control room 14. The latter is located in a place with known coordinates in the same area as the main GPS receiver 5 installed on the vehicle and makes it possible to simultaneously track GPS satellites. Comparing the known coordinates obtained as a result of precision geodetic surveys with the measured ones, the GPS monitoring receiver 17 generates corrections that are transmitted to the vehicle over the air in a predetermined format. Amendments received from control room 14 are automatically entered in the results of the vehicle’s own measurements 2.

5. In case of unauthorized exposure to the controlled vehicle 2, an alarm phase-shift signal is generated with the distinctive features of the controlled vehicle encrypted in it
ui (t) = Ui • cos [2πfit + φ _Ki (t) + φi], 0≤t≤T _i ,
Each guarded vehicle is assigned an individual code M _i (t) containing information about the make, number, color of the vehicle and information about the owner of the vehicle.

This code manipulates the phase of the signal. At the frequency f _i [φ _Ki (t)] (i = 1, 2, ..., N). Therefore, each controlled vehicle is characterized by a certain frequency f _i and a modulating code M _i (t) (i = l, 2, ..., n).

 6. They deliver an alarming FMN signal over the air to the control room 14.

 The principle of protection against theft and theft of a vehicle in motion or in a static state in a parking lot, garage or just outside is based on the fact that when the ignition is turned on unauthorized, as well as when opening doors, hood and trunk to steal some of it elements, the radio channel is switched on, through which the alarm phase-manipulated signal is transmitted to the control room.

 7. An alarm signal is recorded at the control room, demodulated and decoded, and then a control signal is generated and transmitted over the air to lock the doors of the stolen vehicle, turn off the engine, and turn on the light and sound alarms.

 8. At the control room, they simultaneously report via radio or cellular communication the characteristics of the stolen vehicle to the capture groups located in the area.

 The proposed method of protecting a vehicle from theft and theft can be implemented by a device, the structural diagram of which is presented in FIG. 1. The structural diagram of the transceiver unit 10 and the Executive unit 11 is shown in Fig.2.

 Timing diagrams explaining the principle of operation of the device shown in figure 3.

 The vehicle protection device against theft and theft contains satellites 1.j (j = 1, 2, ..., 24) of the Navstar navigation system, a vehicle 2, a repeater 13 with a transceiver antenna 12 installed in the central part of the city, and control room 14 with known coordinates obtained as a result of precision geodetic survey.

 The on-board complex mounted on the vehicle 2 contains a receiving antenna 3 in series, a GPS signal receiver 5, a pairing device 7, the input-output of which through a radio station 6 is connected to a transmitting and receiving antenna 4, and a microprocessor 8, as well as additional information sensors 9, connected to the pairing device 7, the transceiver unit 10, connected to the transceiver antenna 4, the output of which is connected to the Executive unit 11.

 Fixed equipment installed at the control room 14, contains a receiving antenna 15 connected in series, a GPS signal receiver 17, a pairing device 19, the input-output of which through a radio station 18 is connected to a transmitting and receiving antenna 16, a personal computer 20 connected to the documentation device 21 and a display 22. The transceiver unit 10 comprises serially connected high-frequency generator 23, a phase manipulator 25, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the modulating code generator 24, a power amplifier 26, an antenna switch 27, the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna 4, a high-frequency amplifier 28, a phase detector 29, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the high-frequency generator 23, a correlator 30, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the modulating code generator 24, and a threshold unit 31. The executive unit 11 comprises a key 34 connected in series to the output of the threshold unit 31, the second input of which is connected via the ignition key 33 to the positive bus of the battery 32, the negative bus of which oedinena the vehicle weight, the first relay 35, switch 36, and the mass of the vehicle. To the positive bus of the battery 32, a second relay 37, a switch 36, parallel-connected push-button switches of the doors 39, windows 40, trunk 41, hood 42 and pendulum switch 43 and the vehicle mass are connected in series. To the positive bus of the battery 32 through the make contacts 35.3 and 37.2 of the first 35 and second relay 37, an audible warning device 38 and parallel-connected signal lamps 44-47 are connected, the terminals of which are connected to the vehicle body. The positive bus of the battery 32 is connected through the make-up first contacts 35.1 and 37.1 of the first 35 and second relay 37 to the transceiver unit 10, through the fourth make-contact contact 37.4 of the second relay 37 is connected to the electronic lock that locks the vehicle doors, through the second make contact 35.2 of the first relay to the ignition coil.

 The device protects the vehicle from theft and theft works as follows.

 In case of unauthorized exposure to the guarded vehicle 2, which is expressed, for example, in opening doors, trunk, hood, glass removal, towing the vehicle and moving it under its own power, the winding of the first 35 and second relay 37 are connected to the battery 32. In this case push-button switches of doors 39, or glass 40, or trunk 41, or hood 42, or pendulum switch 43 are closed. This can only happen if the switch 36 is closed, which is located in a secret place known only to the owner of the vehicle. The latter, leaving the vehicle interior, closes the switch 36 and thereby puts the vehicle under protection. When leaving the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the owner opens the door and turns on the audible signaling device 38 and signal (parking) lamps 44-47, making sure that the security device is operational.

 Therefore, in case of unauthorized exposure to the vehicle, relay 37 is activated, contacts 37.1 and 37.2 are closed. At the same time, an audible signaling device 38 and signaling (marker) lamps 44-47 are turned on, which attracts the attention of police officers and others.

At the same time, the supply voltage is supplied to the transceiver unit 10. In this case, the high-frequency generator 23 is turned on, which generates a high-frequency oscillation (Fig. 3, a)
u ₁ (t) = U ₁ • cos (2πf ₁ t + φi _i ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,
which is fed to the first input of the phase manipulator 25, to the second input of which a modulating code M ₁ (t) is supplied (Fig. 3, b) containing information about the make, number, color of the vehicle, its location and information about the owner of the vehicle. At the output of the phase manipulator 25, a phase-manipulated (PSK) signal is generated (Fig. 3, c)
u ₂ (t) = U ₁ • cos (2πf _1t + φ _Ki (t) + φ ₁ ], 0≤t≤T ₁ ,
which through the power amplifier 26, the antenna switch 27 and the antenna 4 is radiated into space.

This signal, either directly or through a relay 13, is received at the control room 14, demodulated and decoded and recorded in an electronic journal or on an electronic map, which displays the location of the stolen vehicle and its movement. At control room 14, a control signal is generated that is similar to an alarm, i.e. having the same carrier frequency f ₁ and the same modulating code M ₁ (t). Therefore, the alarm signal is re-emitted at the control room 14 using the radio station 18 and antenna 16. The specified signal from the output of the antenna 4 through the antenna switch 27 and the high-frequency amplifier 28 is fed to the first input of the phase detector 29, the second input of which is from the second output of the high generator 23 frequency oscillation U ₁ (t) as a reference voltage. The output of the phase detector 29 is formed of a low-frequency voltage (Fig.3, g)
u _n (t) = U _n • cosφ _K1 (t), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,
where U _n = 1 / 2K ₁ U ₁ ² ;
K ₁ is the transfer coefficient of the phase detector;
proportional to the modulating code M ₁ (t) (Fig.3, b). This voltage is supplied to the first input of the correlator 30, to the second input of which a modulating code M ₁ (t) is supplied from the second output of the modulating code generator 24. Since there is a strong correlation between the voltage U _n (t) and the modulating code M (t), a voltage is generated at the output of the correlator 30 that exceeds the threshold voltage in the threshold block 31. The threshold level U _pop in the threshold block 31 is selected so that it could be exceeded only by the maximum output voltage of the correlator 30. When the threshold level _Uop is exceeded, a constant voltage is generated in the threshold unit 31, which is supplied to the control input of the key 34 and opens it. In the initial state, the key 34 is always closed. When this voltage is supplied through the public key 34, the closed ignition key 33 and the closed contacts 36.1 of the switch 36 is supplied to the relay coil 35. The latter is triggered. This condition corresponds to the case when an attacker tries to steal a vehicle. When the relay 35 is activated, contacts 35.1 are closed, duplicating the supply voltage to the transceiver unit 10, contacts 35.2 are opened, the engine is turned off, contacts 35.3 are closed, including an audible warning device 38 and signal (side) lamps 44-47, contacts 35.4 are closed, including electronic a lock that locks the doors of the vehicle. This fact does not allow the attacker to quickly leave the cabin of the stolen vehicle.

 The alarm signal emitted by control room 14 and vehicle 2 is simultaneously received by capture groups (mobile vehicles, posts and individual police officers and traffic police), which, using light and sound alarms, take various measures to detain intruders and a stolen vehicle.

 Thus, the proposed method and device in comparison with the prototype and other similar methods and devices provide improved protection of the vehicle from theft and theft while increasing the reliability of protection. This is achieved by using an alarm phase-shifted signal that carries information about the fact of unauthorized impact on the vehicle, about the number, make, color of the hijacked vehicle and its location, as well as a control signal that turns off the engine, turns on the sound and light alarms, and also blocks doors. Moreover, the included sound and light alarms are signs of the detection of a stolen vehicle, and the switched off engine and locked doors ensure the detention of the vehicle and intruders.

 The use of standard equipment of the modern Navstar satellite navigation system, which provides high-precision determination of coordinates, speed and time anywhere on the Earth 24 hours a day, allows us to hope for widespread use in practice of the proposed method of protecting a vehicle from theft and theft and a device for its implementation.

Claims (1)

 A device for protecting a vehicle from theft and theft, containing satellites of the Navstar navigation system, an on-board complex mounted on a vehicle and containing a receiving antenna in series, a GPS signal receiver, a pairing unit, the input-output of which is connected to a transceiver antenna through a radio station, as well as additional information sensors connected to the interface unit, a repeater with a transceiver antenna installed in the central part of the city, and stationary equipment installed located at the control room with known coordinates obtained as a result of precision geodetic surveying, and consisting of a series-connected receiving antenna, GPS-signal receiver, interface unit, the input-output of which is connected via a radio station to a transceiving antenna and a personal computer, characterized in that a transceiver unit connected to the microprocessor and an execution unit, the transceiver unit being sequentially connected to the transceiver antenna, are introduced on the vehicle comprises a high-frequency generator, a phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, a high-frequency amplifier, a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the high-frequency generator, a correlator, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the modulating code generator, and the threshold block, the executive block contains a key connected in series to the output of the threshold block, the second input of which is connected to the positive bus via the ignition key a battery, the negative bus of which is connected to the vehicle body, the winding of the first relay, the first closing contact of the circuit breaker and the vehicle body, the winding of the second relay, the second closing contact of the switch, the parallel button switches of doors, windows are connected to the positive bus of the battery, trunk, hood and pendulum switch, and the vehicle body, connected in parallel in parallel included closing the third contact t of the first relay and the second contact of the second relay, an audible warning device and the vehicle body, serially connected in parallel included the closing first contacts of the first and second relay and the transceiver unit, providing it with a supply voltage, through the opening second contact of the first ignition relay, through the closing fourth contact of the first relay electronic a lock, between the third contact of the first relay and the second contact of the second relay and the vehicle body connected in parallel signal lights are connected in parallel.

Images