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RU2098036C1 - Method for elongating foot's metatarsal bones and toes phalanges - Google Patents

Method for elongating foot's metatarsal bones and toes phalanges Download PDF

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RU2098036C1
RU2098036C1 RU94045528A RU94045528A RU2098036C1 RU 2098036 C1 RU2098036 C1 RU 2098036C1 RU 94045528 A RU94045528 A RU 94045528A RU 94045528 A RU94045528 A RU 94045528A RU 2098036 C1 RU2098036 C1 RU 2098036C1
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foot
phalanges
toes
bone
metatarsal
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RU94045528A
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RU94045528A (en
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А.П. Скворцов
И.О. Панков
С.В. Плаксин
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Научно-исследовательский центр Татарстана "Восстановительная травматология и ортопедия"
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Abstract

FIELD: medicine; orthopedics. SUBSTANCE: Dr. Ilizarov's apparatus is applied onto patient's foot, followed by fixing main supports on heel bone, in foot's middle segment. Next curved rods are passed vertically through foot's fragment to be elongated, rods being provided with stop members, ends of which are connected with distraction-providing assemblies. Simultaneously, guide rods are passed transosseally through phalanges and corresponding metatarsal bones. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к ортопедии, и предназначено для удлинения укороченных вследствие остеомиелита или диспластических процессов в области зон роста плюсневых костей или зон роста фаланг пальцев стопы. The invention relates to medicine, namely to orthopedics, and is intended to lengthen shortened due to osteomyelitis or dysplastic processes in the area of the growth zones of the metatarsal bones or the growth zones of the phalanges of the toes.

Известен способ удлинения костей по методу Вагнера (Wagner), который предусматривает наложение дистракционного аппарата, остеотомию кости и последующую дистракцию с темпом 5 мм в сутки. В образовавшийся дефект перемещают свободный костный аутотрансплантат, взятый из крыла подвздошной кости. Однако излишняя травматизация мягких тканей при столь высоком темпе дистракции (общепринятый темп дистракции не более 1 мм в сутки), развитие контрактур в смежных суставах и возможные осложнения со стороны сосудисто-нервных образований, расположенных в удлиняемом сегменте, являются недостатками данного способа. A known method of bone elongation according to the Wagner method (Wagner), which involves the imposition of a distraction apparatus, bone osteotomy and subsequent distraction at a rate of 5 mm per day. A free bone autograft taken from the iliac wing is moved to the resulting defect. However, excessive soft tissue trauma at such a high rate of distraction (the generally accepted rate of distraction is not more than 1 mm per day), the development of contractures in adjacent joints and possible complications from the neurovascular formations located in the extended segment are the disadvantages of this method.

Кроме того, возможность повреждения зоны роста в области крыла подвздошной кости при заборе аутотрансплантата вызывает ассиметричный рост костей таза у детей и подростков, что также ограничивает применение данного метода. In addition, the possibility of damage to the growth zone in the area of the iliac wing during autograft sampling causes asymmetric growth of the pelvic bones in children and adolescents, which also limits the application of this method.

Наиболее близким по своему техническому решению к заявляемому является способ лечения переломов и вывихов костей переднего отдела стопы, предусматривающий проведение спиц поперечно через бугор пяточной кости, две перекрещивающиеся спицы через основания 1-2-й и 5-4-3-й плюсневых костей, которые укрепляют в замкнутой шарнирной раме с поперечной полукольцевой опорой аппарата Илизарова. Через дистальный фрагмент каждого поврежденного сегмента вертикально проводят по одной спице, концы которых изгибают под острыми углами кпереди над поверхностью мягких тканей, и конвергирующие концы спиц закрепляют на дистракционных стержнях. Хотя способ предусматривает сохранение продольного свода стопы и может быть условно применен при удлинении плюсневых костей, недостатком способа является развитие контрактур в смежных суставах и пальцах стопы из-за отсутствия фиксации смежных суставов при удлинении, невозможность воссоздания регенерата заданной формы и размеров (происходит смещение дистального остеотомированного фрагмента в подошвенную поверхность), проведение спиц через основания 1-2-й и 5-4-3-й плюсневых костей технически затрудняют остеотомию плюсневых костей (для удлинения кости), которая должна проводиться в проксимальном метафизарном отделе укороченной плюсневой кости. The closest in technical solution to the claimed is a method of treating fractures and dislocations of the bones of the forefoot, which involves holding the spokes transversely through the tubercle of the calcaneus, two intersecting needles through the base of the 1-2nd and 5-4-3th metatarsal bones, which reinforced in a closed hinged frame with a transverse semicircular support of the Ilizarov apparatus. One needle is vertically drawn through the distal fragment of each damaged segment, the ends of which are bent at acute angles anteriorly above the surface of the soft tissues, and the converging ends of the spokes are fixed on the distraction rods. Although the method provides for the preservation of the longitudinal arch of the foot and can be arbitrarily applied for lengthening the metatarsal bones, the disadvantage of this method is the development of contractures in adjacent joints and toes due to the lack of fixation of adjacent joints during lengthening, the inability to recreate the regenerate of a given shape and size (there is a shift in the distal osteotomized fragment to the plantar surface), the needles passing through the bases of the 1-2th and 5-4-3th metatarsal bones technically complicate the osteotomy of the metatarsal bones (for dlineniya bone), to be held in the proximal metaphyseal section shortened metatarsal.

Целью изобретения является восстановление нормальных анатономических взаимоотношений, снижение травматичности операции, восстановление опороспособности стопы, устранение косметического дефекта и улучшение результатов лечения. The aim of the invention is to restore normal anatomical relationships, reduce the invasiveness of the operation, restore foot support, eliminate a cosmetic defect and improve treatment outcomes.

Цель достигается тем, что трансоссально через фаланги и плюсневую кость проводят направляющую спицу, а вторую спицу, имеющую упорную площадку, проводят через дистальный фрагмент удлиняемой кости с подошвенной на тыльную поверхность до упора площадки в плантарную поверхность кости, изгибают ее под острым углом вдоль поверхности стопы, а конвергирующие концы спицы фиксируют в дистракционных стержнях. The goal is achieved by the fact that a guide needle is transposed through the phalanges and the metatarsal bone, and the second spoke, which has a thrust pad, is passed through the distal fragment of the elongated bone from the plantar to the back surface until the pad stops against the plantar surface of the bone, bent at an acute angle along the surface of the foot and the converging ends of the spokes are fixed in the distraction rods.

Трансоссальное проведение через фаланги пальцев стопы и плюсневую кость направляющей спицы до уровня остеотомии (проксимальный метафизарный отдел плюсневой кости) обеспечивает фиксацию смежных суставов плюсневой кости и костей пальцев для предотвращения сгибательных контрактур пальцев стопы и удерживает дистальный остеотомированный фрагмент по оси формируемого регенерата. Вторая спица, имеющая упорную площадку, проводенная через дистальный фрагмент удлиняемой кости с подошвенной на тыльную поверхность до упора площадки в плантарную поверхность кости, предотвращает смещение дистального фрагмента книзу за счет упорной площадки, а также деформацию первой направляющей спицы при удлинении. Это связано с купированием действия массивных сухожильно-связочных образований при удлинении костей стопы (подошвенный апоневроз, сухожилия сгибателей и разгибателей пальцев). При удлинении 1-го луча стопы необходимо купирование действия мощной передней большеберцовой мышцы, что также достигается слагаемым усилием направляющей спицы и спицы с упором. Transossal passage through the phalanges of the toes and the metatarsal bone of the guide needle to the level of osteotomy (proximal metaphysical metatarsal part of the metatarsal bone) ensures the fixation of adjacent joints of the metatarsal bone and finger bones to prevent flexion contractures of the toes of the toes and holds the distal osteotomized fragment along the axis of the formed regenerate. The second spoke, which has a thrust pad, passed through the distal fragment of the elongated bone from the plantar to the back surface until the pad rests on the plantar surface of the bone, prevents the distal fragment from moving downward due to the thrust pad, as well as the deformation of the first guide pin during elongation. This is due to the relief of the action of massive tendon-ligamentous formations with lengthening of the bones of the foot (plantar aponeurosis, tendons of the flexors and extensors of the fingers). With the lengthening of the 1st ray of the foot, it is necessary to stop the action of the powerful anterior tibial muscle, which is also achieved by the constituent force of the guide spoke and spoke with emphasis.

На чертеже изображена компоновка аппарата для осуществления способа удлинения плюсневых костей и фаланг пальцев стопы, которая состоит из замкнутой шарнирной рамы, собранной из полуколец 1,2, соединенных шарнирно резьбовыми системами 3 и попарно расположенными кронштейнами 4 с дистракционными стержнями 5 на переднем полукольце 2. Для жесткости замкнутой шарнирной рамы в нее монтируется полукольцевая опора 6. В полукольце 1 укрепляется базовая спица 7, проведенная через бугор пяточной кости. Спица 8 проведена через кости среднего отдела стопы и служит как для поддержания свода стопы, так и для укрепления противотяги удлиняемым сегментам плюсневых костей и укрепляется в поперечной полукольцевой опоре 6. Трансоссально через фаланги пальцев стопы и плюсневую кость проведена спица 9, которая является направляющей и проводится до уровня остеотомии (проксимальный метафизарный отдел плюсневой кости). Спица 10, имеющая упорную площадку, проведена через дистальный фрагмент удлиняемой кости с подошвенной на тыльную поверхность до упора площадки в плантарную поверхность кости. Она изгибается под острым углом и укрепляется в дистракционных стержнях (тягунках) 5. The drawing shows the layout of the apparatus for implementing the method of lengthening the metatarsal bones and phalanges of the toes, which consists of a closed hinged frame assembled from half rings 1,2, connected by a hinged threaded system 3 and pairwise mounted brackets 4 with distraction rods 5 on the front half ring 2. For the stiffness of the closed hinged frame, a semi-ring support 6 is mounted in it. In the semi-ring 1, the base spoke 7 is strengthened, passed through the calcaneal tubercle. The spoke 8 is drawn through the bones of the middle part of the foot and serves both to maintain the arch of the foot and to strengthen the anti-traction to the elongated segments of the metatarsal bones and is strengthened in the transverse semicircular support 6. Trans spoke through the phalanges of the toes and metatarsal bone is the spoke 9, which is the guide and is held to the level of osteotomy (proximal metaphyseal metatarsal bone). A spoke 10 having a thrust pad is drawn through a distal fragment of an elongated bone from the plantar to the back surface until the pad stops on the plantar surface of the bone. It bends at an acute angle and strengthens in the distraction rods (drawbars) 5.

Клинический пример. Б-ная Ф. 23 года, поступила в отделение заболеваний и повреждений кисти НИЦТ "ВТО" 24 июня 1992 г. с диагнозом: укорочение IV плюсневой кости левой стопы после перенесенного остеомиелита. 28 июня произведена операция удлинения IV плюсневой кости левой стопы по описанной методике. После создания регенерата необходимых размеров (по контролю со здоровой конечностью) больная выписана на амбулаторное лечение для "созревания регенерата". Демонтаж и снятие аппарата через два месяца после операции с учетом клинического и рентгенологического контроля. Контрольный осмотр через 6 месяцев: нагрузка конечности полная и безболезненная, функция восстановлена. Clinical example. B-naya F., 23 years old, was admitted to the department of diseases and injuries of the hand of the SRC "WTO" on June 24, 1992 with a diagnosis of shortening of the IV metatarsal bone of the left foot after osteomyelitis. On June 28, an operation was performed to lengthen the IV metatarsal bone of the left foot according to the described procedure. After creating the regenerate of the required size (according to the control with a healthy limb), the patient was discharged for outpatient treatment to "mature the regenerate." Dismantling and removal of the device two months after surgery, taking into account clinical and radiological control. Control examination after 6 months: the limb load is complete and painless, the function is restored.

Claims (1)

Способ удлинения плюсневых костей и фаланг пальцев стопы, включающий наложение аппарата Илизарова с фиксацией базовых опор на пяточной кости, среднем отделе стопы, и вертикально проведенные через удлиняемый фрагмент изогнутые спицы, концы которых соединены с дистракционными узлами, отличающийся тем, что трансоссально через фаланги и плюсневую кость проводят направляющую спицу, а спицу с упорной площадкой проводят через дистальный фрагмент удлиняемой кости с подошвенной на тыльную сторону до упора площадки в плантарную поверхность кости. A method of lengthening the metatarsal bones and phalanges of the toes, including the application of the Ilizarov apparatus with fixation of the base supports on the calcaneus, midfoot, and vertically drawn curved knitting needles, the ends of which are connected to distraction nodes, characterized in that it is trans-transposed through the phalanges and metatarsal the bone is guided by a guide needle, and the spoke with a persistent pad is passed through the distal fragment of the elongated bone from the plantar to the back, until the pad stops in the plantar surface of ty.
RU94045528A 1994-12-28 1994-12-28 Method for elongating foot's metatarsal bones and toes phalanges RU2098036C1 (en)

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