RU2060635C1 - Cabbage growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vegetable farming. SUBSTANCE: method involves spraying top part of cabbage seedling, beginning from four leaves-stage, with sea water, with spray rate providing feed up, i.e. at least two times, at nursery stage and at least two times after planting of seedlings in open ground before head-setting stage. When necessary, sodium, magnesium and calcium salts are settled from sea water. EFFECT: increased yield and improved vegetable quality. 3 cl, 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of vegetable growing, horticulture and truck farming and can be used in growing vegetables, in particular cabbage.

 There is a method of growing cabbage using high doses of organic and mineral fertilizers in the soil (Bolshunov V. A. Koyvunen TM "High yields of vegetables". L. "Kolos", 1977, p. 129).

 However, the introduction of high doses of fertilizer into the soil leads to the accumulation of nitrates in the cabbage and is economically disadvantageous, and also has a negative effect on the storage of cabbage in winter.

 A known method of growing cabbage, including feeding cabbage with water-soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers during the growth of young plants by irrigation method (Bolshunov A.A. Koyvunen T.M. "High yields of vegetables" L. "Kolos", 1977, p. 129 )

 However, the known method is expensive, since a large amount of artificially synthesized mineral fertilizers is necessary for feeding cabbage, some of which remain in the soil and are not used by plants.

 The closest in technical essence is the method of growing cabbage, including growing seedlings in nurseries and processing the aerial parts of plants in phases of 4 and 6 leaves with an aqueous solution of potassium sulfate and calcium chloride (A.S. N 1717005, class A 01 G 1/00).

 The disadvantage of this method is the low yield of cabbage.

 The task of the invention is to increase the yield of cabbage.

 To solve the problem in a method involving the cultivation of cabbage seedlings and processing its aerial parts in phases of four and six leaves with an aqueous solution of biologically active substances, sea water is used as an aqueous solution, while the treatment is carried out in doses that provide top dressing at least 3 times in seedlings after 4-7 days. The highest yield is achieved by the fact that after planting seedlings in the field are sprayed at least 2 times no more than 7 days before the stage of setting the head of cabbage. In addition, in order to eliminate soil salinization, the content of sodium, magnesium, and calcium salts in sea water is reduced. On non-sunny days, the stomata of leaf blades are open, which contributes to the best absorption of the solution by the plant.

Thus, the claimed method differs from the prototype:
use of sea water as a biologically active aqueous solution
watering in 4-7 days
processing plants to the stage of setting heads.

 It is known to use sea water for watering plants (see, for example, "Inventor and rationalizer" N 5-6, 1992, p.6). However, in the known method, sea water is used in doses that ensure watering of plants, i.e. use it instead of fresh water. While in the inventive method, sea water is used in doses that provide fertilizing plants with mineral fertilizers, fresh water is used for irrigation in generally accepted doses.

 The set of features that characterize the claimed method provides an increase in productivity due to the fact that sea water provides the plant with the supply of the entire balanced complex of microelements, as well as a number of macroelements (potassium, calcium, magnesium), and processing of the aerial part with an interval of 4-7 days creates optimal conditions for the assimilation by these plants of the complex of these elements, it eliminates the overdose of elements and eliminates plant burns. All this contributes to the growth of plants and increase their mass.

 The method is implemented using the UN-2000 installation for processing the field with fertilizers. With the help of this installation, the aerial parts of plants are irrigated with sea water.

PRI me R 1. Seedlings of late cabbage cultivar "Amager" farm Razdolninsky at the stage of 4 leaves was treated with sea water at the rate of 70 l of solution per 100 m ² seedlings. Repeated spraying of seedlings was performed after 6 days.

 The processing of control plants planted nearby was carried out by the standard state farm method.

 The yield of plants in the variants treated with sea water increased by 20% (Table 1).

PRI me R 2. Seedlings of late cabbage cultivar "Blizzard" farm Nadezhdinsky at the stage of 4 leaves was treated with sea water at the rate of 50 l of solution per 100 m ² seedlings. Repeated spraying of seedlings was performed after 6 days. Then the seedlings were planted in the field. After its adaptation over a period of 15 days, the plants were treated with sea water at the rate of 40 l of solution per 100 m ² . Repeated spraying with sea water in the same doses was carried out after 10 days. Then the third time the same spraying was carried out after 10 days with the same dose to the stage of setting the head of cabbage.

 The harvest in the experiment was slightly higher than in the control (Table 2).

PRI me R 3. Seedlings of late cabbage cultivar "Blizzard", planted on the site, was sprayed with sea water 2 times a week at the rate of 40 ml per plant (12.5 liters per 100 m ² ). 12 operations of spraying plants to the stage of tying a head of cabbage were carried out. The control was simultaneously sprayed with fresh water. The area of leaf blades and the weight of heads of cabbage were measured.

 The harvest in the experiment is 2.6 times higher than in the control, the area of leaf blades is 2 times larger than in the control (Table 3).

 PRI me R 4. At the farm Nadezhdinsky conducted the following studies.

Seedlings of early cabbage of variety N 1 K-206 were sprayed with sea water in the second and third rows, indicated in Table 4 O ₂ and O _3, respectively, based on the calculation of 5 l of solution per 100 m ² . Row O ₁ (first) was sprayed with reprecipitated seawater, in which the amount of sodium salts was reduced by 16 times, calcium salts by 160 times, magnesium salts by 2 times at the rate of 12 liters of solution per 100 m ² . The spraying operation was carried out 12 times. The first 10 days, the plants were sprayed after 3 days, the second 10 days after 5 days to the stage of setting the head of cabbage.

During the harvesting period, the number of mature heads of cabbage and their weight in the control and experiment were determined (Table 4). The average weight of one head of cabbage in the experiment was higher, although in general 1992 for the Nadezhdinsky state farm in relation to early cabbage was unsuccessful due to the small precipitation. Harvest of cabbage from one row in the experiment was almost 2 times greater than in the control. The cabbage harvest in variant O ₁ was almost 3 times larger than the average in the control.

Claims (3)

 1. A method of growing cabbage, including growing seedlings, treating its aerial parts with an aqueous solution of biologically active substances from the four-leaf phase and planting seedlings in open ground, characterized in that seawater is used as a biologically active substance in doses that provide top dressing, and processing lead at least two times in 4 to 7 days.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the seedlings are planted in open ground, the aerial parts of the plants are treated with sea water at least two times before the head is set.  3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the salts of sodium, magnesium and calcium are pre-precipitated from sea water.

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