JPS6396073A - Self-heating type vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to self-heating containers for single-serve use for liquids and/or solids, preferably foodstuffs. In particular, the present invention provides an exothermic reaction that occurs between a plurality of reactants, preferably two reactants, one solid and one liquid, and that rapidly develops when the liquid and/or solid in the container is heated. It concerns a container of the above-mentioned type that utilizes a reaction.

[Conventional technology and problems]

As is well known from the technical literature, thermal conductivity depends on the conductivity and heat capacity of the materials used, as well as on the thermal insulation properties of the equipment system, on the engineering configuration and on the heating mode. Technical experiments have shown that substances which form alkaline or acidic intermediates and gases which are toxic in the presence of moisture cannot be used in self-heating containers VC for foodstuffs. Metal oxides can only be used in the presence of equimolar amounts of acid.

Another problem that needs to be solved is the presence of a suitable reaction mass, with its thermal capacity and perfect arrangement around the vessel to be heated, so that a rapid, even and efficient heat transfer can occur. It is in securing.

Recently, various solutions have been suggested, but none of them has solved the above problems. For example, Italian Patent No. 50330A/80 and European Patent No. 8287
No. 0077.6 and French Patent No. 2,231.3 4
According to No. 2, only calcium oxide is used in solution for the problem.

On the contrary, Italian patent no. 9 4 2.0 6 3 uses iron trichloride and aluminum9, while German patent no. 2.7 3 0.2 4 3 and 2.6
0 6.8 0 6 and 2.2 5 5.4
No. 05 describes the use of chemically reactive materials that are ignited by air oxygen.

There is no prior literature disclosing control of exothermic reactions.

In the case of heating devices using water as a reactant, the temperature peak should not significantly exceed 100° C. so as to prevent a pressure increase in the container when the container is isolated from the outside without the generation of steam.

Such problems are addressed in U.S. Patent No. 3.653,372
and European Patent No. 81 902310, Italian Patent No. 50530-A/80 and No. 49656-A/82, Italian Patent No. 9420
Issue 63 does not resolve the issue.

In the case of too slow heat generation, considerable heat loss results. Furthermore, such problems cannot be solved by the implementation of complete insulation devices because they are too expensive.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, the main object of the present invention is to develop a geometrical structure which allows a rapid and effective controlled exothermic reaction to take place and which enables rapid and uniform heating. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-heating container for one-time use configured by a shape.

Another object of the invention is to ensure the sterility of the solid and/or liquid substances contained therein, the absolute and safe separation of such substances from chemical reactants and their non-toxicity in all cases. We provide containers of the above types that can be used.

A further object of the invention is to enable absolute certainty of the temporal preservation of the reactants to be obtained by the use of an externally isolated and controlled reaction, and to avoid the separation of the two reactants by a frangible separation membrane. The present invention proposes a reaction initiation device which prevents blockages and local tearing from occurring and allows rapid mixing of liquid and solid reactants to be carried out.

Furthermore, the self-heating container suggested by the applicant includes:
Valves and/or safety controls that can be used at any environmental temperature or under conditions where the container itself becomes exposed to a heat source to prevent dangerous overpressures in the oven and/or at the point of drinking due to temperature spikes. A device is provided.

Therefore, a specific object of the present invention is to provide an outer insulating sheath and two partitions, nine upper partitions and nine lower partitions, which are integrally fastened within the outer insulating sheath and partitioned by a deformed membrane. ! a plastic container divided into two chambers, and a metal container containing solid and/or liquid substances, the upper part of which is fastened to the plastic container by heat welding, and the top closed by a heat welded peelable diaphragm; A container made of
It has a plugging member that seals and protects the upper part of the self-heating type container, and a tearing member that is integrally molded or separately molded with a 2" Lfc disposed inside the lower partition υ chamber of the plastic container. The component is capable of rupturing said membrane when acted upon by an external starting device, and the liquid reactant is contained in the lower compartment of said vessel, while the solid reactant is contained in the upper compartment of said vessel. or vice versa, a self-heating container for single-use liquids and/or solids contained therein.

Preferably, according to the invention, the upper compartment of the container or the compartment in which the reaction takes place is completely insulated and highly sealed, and is integrated with the metal container.
ing.

A safety shield for the prevention of excessive pressure can be provided in the above-mentioned upper compartment, this shield M consisting of a plaid or thin layer Lυ thinner than the container wall of plastic material, the blade of which is attached to the container itself. Anus Z) placed at a point corresponding to the hole obtained in the wall.

A heat transfer jacket is preferably provided between the outer covering and the container, the jacket having a volume approximately corresponding to the volume of the two-part compartment of the container.

A reduction in cross-sectional size is formed on the outer covering member and container at points corresponding to the membrane separating the upper compartment from the lower compartment.

Preferably, the metal container is configured such that the upper rim or edge of the peelable diaphragm can be heat welded and the edge can be integrally connected to the upper container. It's sad.

The movable tearing part H arranged in the lower compartment can be provided with a device for bending and supporting at least one arm upwardly in the direction of the membrane, the end Vc of this arm A protrusion system is provided to prevent flow blockage.
Ru.

Alternatively, the movable tearing member may consist of one or more small shaped tubes which perform the same function as described above.

Finally, according to the invention, the tearing element can also consist of a stem or stopper element obtained directly by extruding the concave bottom of a plastic container.

Preferably, the outer covering member is open at the bottom, and the plastic container is formed with a resilient, concave bottom surface that bends inwardly as a result of an external action, causing the tear section to open at the bottom of the container. The two compartments are forced into the force of the membrane that separates them.

The self-heating container according to the present invention may further include tape or adhesive.
A use indicator may also be provided, such as a non-reversible type of heat-sensitive material such as paint or the like.

The solid reactant provided in the -F compartment of the above plastic container is anhydrous calcium chloride of appropriate grain size, to which some acids and bases are added in equimolar amounts, while the liquid reactant is Preferably it is tap water.

The above solid reactant can further be used in the present invention to include calcium oxide,
It may be made of magnesium oxide, citric acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, anhydrous magnesium or sodium sulfate.

Heat exchange preferably takes place for about 40 seconds.

A shaped peelable container can be provided above the metal container, said peelable container containing solids and/or liquids to be added to the substance contained in the metal container before heating. are doing.

In order to enable the container according to the invention to be used at any temperature without the creation of dangerous overpressure in the reaction compartment and/or on the beverage due to possible temperature spikes, within the temperature range (90-100°C) A phase-changing substance can be added to the upper part of the vessel or into the reaction compartment, and the temperature range should not be exceeded to avoid the problems mentioned above. This is carried out regardless of the presence or absence of the above-mentioned safety pulp.

Specifically, a non-blue, low heat capacity material is used, which has a specific gravity lower than that of water without changing the properties of the reactants, and furthermore, this material is difficult to mix with water.

Hydrophobic solids with a specific gravity of less than 1 g/cc are preferably used.

A substance that can be used for this purpose is benzoic acid (melting point 100°C
1 heat of fusion 34-Ocal/l! ), glutaric acid (
Melting point 99°C, heat of fusion 37.00a'l/g''), 9
0-coefficient stilbene (melting point 99°C, heat of fusion 40 cal/p
) and paraffin mixtures and or natural waxes (melting point 90, heat of fusion 56 cab/g).

Excess heat generated depending on the type of compound used is absorbed as heat of fusion. Due to the use of the above-mentioned substances, the thermal capacity of the reaction mixture which gives off heat remains unchanged and is further attributed to the composition of the upper part of the mixture, its thermal insulation effect and the transport of all the heat that develops to exchange with the drink through the container. The result is avoidance of evaporation losses.

Once heat exchange has taken place, the temperature drop re-solidifies the control material, which then dissipates some of the absorbed heat and returns it to the system.

1> The main advantages of using E-L control substances are summarized as follows.

・A safety device intervenes as soon as the heat generator reaches the melting temperature of the control substance.

Heat exchange time and efficiency are not affected.

C. If the safety device does not intervene, the heating conditions will not change.

The control substance is inert and does not affect the exothermic reaction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be exemplarily explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of the present invention.

〔Example〕

As shown in all the drawings, a self-heating container 1 (FIG. 1) according to the present invention comprises a preferably insulated outer nuclide member 2, a metal container 3 preferably made of aluminum, and a plastic material container 4.
The cover member 5 and the workpiece 9 are constructed.

Starting from the bottom in the plastic material container 4, liquid and solid reactants or vice versa are contained, which form a thermally waxed aluminum rolled section 6 with a thickness of 0-01 mm to 0.09 mm. They are separated by thermal welding to the annular surface of the reaction partition chamber 7.

A metal container 3, which has been heat-welded and enameled on both sides beforehand, can be made by drawing and contains liquid and/or solid foodstuffs, which can be of suitable thickness (0.03 mm). It is sealed with a peelable member 8 made of composite metal and/or plastic material with a thickness of 0.5 ma+). In another embodiment, the peelable member 8 is an aluminum diaphragm 9 (0, (
5 shape for pocketing ready-to-dissolve solid and/or liquid foodstuffs sealed by a diaphragm 9 made of tearable material (0.020 mm from 12) or other heat welded material ( (see FIG. 12). In this case, the mixing with the f'Lfc liquid contained in the container 3 causes heat to be generated due to the outflow of the liquid and/or solid substance contained in the pocket as a result of pressure being exerted on the peeling member 8. Start before.

The container 3 is fixed or shrink-tight within the first plastic container 4 and welded to the annular member (see FIG. 8) by heat.

A tear-opening member 10 made of plastic or other suitable material is arranged at the base of the plastic container 4 (
Figures 7a and 7b). The member comprises one or more stem-like members whose distal ends define projections.

The upper d self-tearing member has its special shape ↓, the rolled part 6
To prevent this from being partially torn, the liquid reactant placed in the partition chamber 11 is placed in the upside down position of the container 1 (see Figure 11) I/i: Due to the action of gravity, the reactants flow down onto the solid reactants in the reaction compartment 7. The tear-opening member 10 performs its function due to the elasticity of the concave bottom surface 12 of the plastic container 4, and the bottom surface 12 is bent inwardly by the pressure KL5 applied manually from the outside and the tear-opening member 10
The rolled part 6 is made penetrable to a depth of 5 m+a-20 mm, and the rolled part itself is torn open. This is made possible due to the presence of an annular ridge of about 3 rnra which acts as the kth pivot member of the concave bottom surface 12 which provides both elasticity and flexibility to the device.

For safe operation of the vessel 10, a safety pulp 14 (FIG. 9) is provided to prevent excess pressure arising due to lack of substances to absorb all of the heat generated or possible incorrect proportions of reactants. I can get 4iii.

7D) The safety valve described in 7D) is implemented by plugging the hole in the container 4 with a thin layer 14, which constitutes the entire valve.

The thin layer 14 ruptures under pressure, which depends on its thickness and/or pore size, and the release of external forces between the hearing body 2 and the container 4 takes place.

Additionally, a use indicator 15 is provided for the self-covering body 2 and the container 4.
(Fig. 10), and this indicator is 1
The non-reversible heat-sensitive material serves the purpose of alerting the consumer that the food product has reached the correct temperature for consumption. This indicator can be adjusted to a temperature of 50° C. and also performs the function of ensuring the thermal integrity of the container 1 according to the invention.

FIG. 8 shows that the sheathing 2 exhibiting a heat insulating function is formed by rolling the sieve part of the metal container 3 to form an integral piece with the container 4.

The cladding 2 and the container 4 as well as the cover member 5 are characterized by economical properties, heat resistance at operating temperatures, structural simplicity, tightness against external water vapors that change the properties and efficiency of at least one of the reactants, low heat capacity and finally Polypropylene is preferred since it provides a degree of structural flexibility for use in containers of various sizes for different purposes.

゛ The metal container 3 for solids and/or liquids is 1.
It has a thickness of 5m to 2.5n and a diameter of 4+n+12 distances from the wall of the plastic container 4, and the depth of the container is 30mm to 70mm.

Such a size ratio allows the reaction mixture to completely surround the metal container 3, thus also allowing rapid transformation of the hot reaction mixture at the exchange interface and rapid even and widespread transfer of the generated heat. Become.

Typical embodiments of the invention are given below. The outer cover 3 is made of polypropylene and has a height of 90 mm and an average diameter of about 55 mm, and a reaction compartment 7 made of polypropylene (thickness of 0.5 m, height of 88 mm, and average diameter of 5252 mm is 1 atm). The valve is equipped with a hole safety pulp 14 (this valve has a hole with a diameter of 10 mm that can be heat welded to an aluminum disk with a thickness of 0-C11), and the valve has four tear-open members and a c-seal. A tear-opening member 10 is provided, and 351++7! of water is filled into the lower compartment 11 together with this tear-opening member 10.The reaction compartment 7 has a thickness of 0.04 yn.
11 compartments were separated by a rolled part of Q hot enamelled aluminum, and 28 g of anhydrous calcium chloride (grain size of 1 to 2 grains, chelate titration purity of 90 cm or more) was placed in compartment 7, with a thickness of 0. An aluminum container 3 with a height of 351 m and a diameter of 42.5 m is pre-enameled and drawn, and is sealed with a removable 0-07 mm diaphragm.
The sealing is obtained by heat welding, and the container is fixed or shrink-fitted to the plastic container 4 and welded to the plastic container. The top of the machined container 1 is closed with a polypropylene cover 5 to protect the receiving surface.

Heat generation is achieved by turning the container 1 upside down and applying full manual pressure to the concave bottom surface 12 of the reaction compartment 7, pressing the tearing member 10 against the rolled gold portion 6 and tearing this portion, resulting in the mixing of the two reactants. obtained by doing so. The temperature of the drink with a starting value of 19°C will increase after approximately 40 seconds and through continuous stirring to 6°C.
A value of 2°C is reached.

Similar results can be obtained by using an exothermic mixture according to the following alternative embodiment, in which the p-liquid mixture is placed in the compartment 11 together with the metal opening member 10 and the solids are placed in the compartment 7. B, anhydrous calcium chloride (25g), acetic acid (4,8TnA), calcium oxide (2,24g), water C65mA), anhydrous calcium chloride (25g), calcium oxide (3,369),
Oxalic acid (7, 56, 9), water (55 ml) Fig. 1Sa and Fig. 1'5b show a partition 11 in which a tear-opening member 10 is installed, and in this example, the member 10 is a concave part of the container 4. It is comprised of six vertical members 16 formed by extrusion of the bottom surface 12. Such a configuration provides both piercing and straightening action as a result of the shape of the bottom surface 12 in tearing apart the rolled portion 6. becomes possible.

FIGS. 14a and 14b show a sixth embodiment of a tear-opening member consisting of a compact shaped tube 17. In FIGS.

An example of the container of the present invention provided with a temperature regulating substance will be disclosed next.

Example 35 - Put the water and tearing member 10 into the compartment 11 of the polyethylene container 4. This partition 11 is closed off by heat welding of a rolled part 6 made of hot enamelled aluminum. 28 g of anhydrous calcium chloride (grain size 1 to 2, chelate titration purity >90%) and 7 g of imitation wax in the form of small flakes (melting point 90%).
A mixture of medium and high molecular weight saturated hydrocarbons consisting of C33-ES5 saturated hydrocarbons having the empirical formula '20H102 and containing all isoparaffins of group 10 is prepared in the present invention, and a certain number of containers 1 are placed in the upper compartment. Enter within 7.

Only 28 g of anhydrous calcium chloride was placed in compartment 7 of another set of containers 1. Made of twice enamelled aluminum, 35+++/! Container 3 containing a drink
The drink is sealed by a peelable diaphragm 8 with a thickness of 0-07 mm.

The starting device was activated by turning the vessel 1 upside down and exerting pressure on the concave bottom 12 and then providing circular agitation for 40 seconds.

The maximum final temperature of the reaction mass after 40 seconds was determined by means of a nail-shaped electronic temperature probe inserted into the jacket between the aluminum container 3 and the plastic container 4.

Finally, the temperature of the drink after 40 seconds, i.e. after the time set for heat exchange, is determined by inserting the same nail-shaped temperature probe inserted into the aluminum container 3 into the removable diaphragm 8. 71.
friend.

This determination was carried out under typical starting conditions for two rice plants, namely container 1 set at approximately 6°C and approximately 43°C by temperature controller. The first situation was the noise of using container 1 in winter. The second situation simulates the use of the container under excessive summer conditions, i.e. not only under maximum hot weather conditions, but also under overheating conditions due to direct exposure to heat sources or improper use. It is something.

The determined temperatures were as follows.

B. Five samples without control substance (wax) started from a temperature of 46°C and reached the next maximum reaction mass temperature (sample collection times are shown in parentheses). That is, 112.6°O (1σ') - 108,7°O (8"
) -112,8°C (8") -113,9°C (8"
) -108,9°C (8"). The temperature of the reaction mass after 40 seconds is 84°C, 85°C, and 85°C, respectively.
84°C, 84°C, while the temperature of the drink after 40 seconds is 82.6°C, 83.4°G, 82.2°C, respectively.
℃, 82.7℃, and 82.6℃.

B. 5 samples for which control substances can be used.
Starting from a temperature of 8° C., the following maximum reaction mass temperature was reached. That is, 71.5℃ (7″) -70.1℃ (7″
) -70,2℃ (7") -68,7℃ (9") -6
The temperature of the reaction mass after 40 seconds is 50°C, 49°C, 50°C, 50°C, 50°C.
0°C, while the temperature of the drink after 40 seconds is 48.1°0,
Samples using the control material starting at a temperature of 5.8°C reached the temperature of the next maximum reaction mass. That is, 62.1°C (9p) - 61.8°C (da') -
64,5°C (';”) -65,1°C (g') -65
．． The temperature of the reaction mass after 40 seconds was 49°C and 48°C, 149°C, respectively.
149°C1 On the other hand, the temperature of the drink after 40 seconds is 47.5°C
, 47.5°C, 47.8°C, 47.6°C, 47.6°
It was C.

According to the heat generation kinetics, the maximum calorific value is obtained in the first 10 seconds of the reaction, during which a control substance intervenes, and the maximum temperature reached is Vc3°0, which can be observed in the above data.
1> by 15°C.

Although some preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that modifications and/or changes may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and Vc range of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the self-heating type container according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the self-heating type container of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the self-heating type container of FIG. 1, and FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a side view of the closure member of the container according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the outer liquid of the container according to the invention, and FIGS. 7a and 7b.
8 shows the detail shown at point "a" in FIG. 2, and FIG. 9 shows the detail shown at point "a" in FIG. 2. Fig. 10 shows the details shown at points rCJK in Fig. 2, and Fig. 11 shows the metal opening member of the container of the present invention in the vertical η· position when it is in the fully activated position. 12 shows the complete metal container of FIG. 6 with different closure devices, and FIGS. 13a and 13'b are side and top views, respectively, of a second embodiment of the anal fissure opening member. Figures 14a and 14'b are a side view and a plan view, respectively, of a third embodiment of the tear-opening member.

Claims (21)

[Claims] (1) A single-use self-heating container for liquids and/or solids, having an outer insulating sheathing member and a plastics material container disposed within and integrally fastened to the sheathing member. The plastic material container is divided into two compartments, an upper and a lower compartment separated by a membrane, and the upper part of the plastic material container is capped or heated for containing solid and/or liquid substances. a metal container whose top is closed by a heat-welded diaphragm that is fastened by shrink fitting by welding and can be peeled off; a cover member that seals and protects the upper part of the self-heating container; and the said container divided into the two partition chambers. a tear-opening member disposed within the lower compartment of the plastic container, said tear-opening member capable of tearing open said membrane when actuated by an external starter device, said tear-opening member being capable of tearing open said membrane, said liquid reactant being disposed within said lower compartment of said container; A self-heating container characterized in that the respective reactants are contained within a chamber and the solid reactants are placed in an upper compartment of the container itself, or vice versa. (2) A patent claim characterized in that the upper partition of the plastic material container is formed to form an integral piece with the metal container, so that it is completely insulated from the external environment and has a high degree of sealing performance. Self-heating containers according to item 1 of the scope. (3) The self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the upper compartment is provided with a safety device against excessive pressure. (4) the safety device is comprised of a blade or a thin layer of plastic material having a thickness less than the thickness of the container wall, said thin layer being placed at a point corresponding to a hole obtained in the container wall itself; A self-heating container according to claim 3. (5) A heat exchange interface is formed between the metal container and the plastic container, and the interface has a volume that covers all available exchange surfaces. Self-heating containers according to paragraph 1. (6) The lateral cross section of the outer sheathing member as well as the cross section of the container itself is reduced at points corresponding to the membrane separating the upper compartment of the container from the lower compartment. Self-heating containers according to paragraph 1. (7) The metal container has an upper lip or rim configured to allow the peelable diaphragm to be heat welded to the container and to allow the diaphragm to be integrally connected to the container. A self-heating container according to claim 1. (8) The tear-opening member comprises a device disposed on the bottom of the lower compartment and is provided with at least one arm pointing upwardly in the direction of the membrane, and the end of the arm is provided with a projection member. A self-heating container according to claim 1, characterized in that: (9) The self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the tear-opening member comprises at least one tube having a small shape. (10) The outer covering member is open at the bottom, and the plastic container is provided with a concave elastic bottom surface that can be bent inward by forming an annular protrusion that functions as a hinge. Self-heating containers according to scope 1 or 9. (11) A self-heating container according to claim 1, characterized in that the tear-opening member consists of at least one stem or vertical member formed directly in an extrusion on the concave bottom of the plastic material container. . (12) A self-heating container according to claim 1, characterized in that a usage indicator made of an irreversible heat-sensitive material is provided. (13) A self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the solid reactant is anhydrous calcium chloride of appropriate grain size, while the liquid reactant is tap water. (14) Claim 1, characterized in that equimolar amounts of acid and alkali are added to the anhydrous calcium chloride.
Self-heating container according to Section 3. (15) The self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the solid reactant is composed of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, citric acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, anhydrous magnesium, or sodium sulfide. (16) A self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the reactant has a particle size of 1 to 8 according to particle size analysis. (17) The self-heating container according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange is performed in 40 seconds. (18) A removable container with a shape is provided above the metal container, and the removable container comprises:
A self-heating container according to claim 1, characterized in that solids and/or liquids to be added to the material placed in the metal container are placed before the heating operation. (19) Claims 1 to 18 characterized in that a substance is additionally provided in the upper compartment of the container, and the substance undergoes a state transition in a temperature range between 50°C and 100°C. Self-heating containers according to any one of the following headings. (20) A self-heating container according to claim 19, characterized in that the substance is non-toxic and has a low heat capacity and a specific gravity lower than that of water, and the substance is also difficult to mix with water itself. . (21) A self-heating container according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the substance is benzoic acid, glutaric acid, 90% stilbene or a paraffin mixture.