JP3120304B2 - Air conditioners in buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-family building, a detached house, or the like, in which a building space defined by a heat storage body is formed into a two-story space of an underfloor space and an overfloor space. The air-conditioning unit installed in the space allows the entire building space to be air-conditioned evenly and efficiently.
The present invention relates to an air conditioner in a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in buildings such as multi-family dwellings and detached houses, large-scale air-conditioning equipment is provided at corners and ceiling spaces of buildings to automatically perform cooling, heating, ventilation, humidity control, and the like. Various proposals have been made to ensure a healthy and comfortable living environment.

[0003]

However, in the prior art, since the air-conditioning equipment is simply installed or the air-conditioning passage is provided in the building space, the living room is narrowed, and the efficiency of the living room is uniform and uniform. There is a problem that it is difficult to perform good air conditioning, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation, and equipment costs and running costs increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a structure in which a building space is composed of a two-layer space including an underfloor space in which an air-conditioning unit is installed and a space above the floor, and the frame itself that defines the building space is stored with heat. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner for a new building that solves all the above-mentioned problems by forming a ventilation layer so as to surround a space above the floor formed in the living room. is there.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, a first feature of the present invention is to define a highly airtight and highly insulated building space by a frame made of a heat storage body. The space is formed as a two-layer space of an underfloor space and an on-floor space by floor plates laid at intervals on a floor slab of the skeleton, and the above-floor space is provided on the floor by a partition wall disposed along the skeleton. A ventilation layer is formed so as to surround the living room formed in the space, and the living room and the ventilation layer are provided on the left and upper right portions of the living room through an upper ventilation hole provided substantially over the entire length thereof. The underfloor space and the ventilation layer communicate with each other through a lower ventilation hole provided over substantially the entire length of the underfloor space on the left and right facing portions. Air supply duct and exhaust air communicating with the upper part of the ventilation layer A storage duct is juxtaposed, and an air conditioning unit is provided in the underfloor space. The air conditioning unit has an outlet passage that can selectively communicate with the underfloor space and the air supply duct, and an underfloor space and exhaust gas recovery. An exhaust recovery passage which can be selectively communicated with the duct is provided, and an exhaust recovery port communicating with the living room is opened in the exhaust recovery duct.

A second feature of the present invention is that
The building space has a reverse beam structure in which a floor slab of the skeleton projects upward.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an air conditioner in a building according to the present invention;

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apartment house equipped with the air conditioner of the present invention, taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 2, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 1, and FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a building space S is defined on each floor of an apartment house by a frame F.
Are formed in a heat storage body for absorbing and releasing heat.

[0010] In order to enhance the heat storage effect, it is preferable that the outer surface of the frame F is formed as a heat insulating layer and the inner surface is formed as a heat absorbing / radiating layer.

The floor slab 1 constituting the floor portion of the frame F has a reverse beam structure. That is, on the upper surface of the floor slab 1, a reverse large beam 5 connecting between the frame columns 4 and a reverse small beam connecting between them are provided. A beam 6 is provided to project vertically and horizontally. A heat insulating layer 7 is laminated on the floor slab 1 and the floor slab on the floor, that is, the lower surface of the ceiling frame 3.

The heat insulating layers 8 ₁ and 8 ₂ are laminated on the inner side walls and the other side on the opposite side wall frames 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ of the frame F, which partition the adjacent building space S. ing.

The building space S has a two-layer structure consisting of an underfloor space 9 and an on-floor space 10. That is, a plurality of short bundles 11 and 12 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the inverted beam 5 and the inverted beam 6, and a floor plate 13 is laid on the bundles 11 and 12. An underfloor space 9 is formed below the floor plate 13, and an overfloor space 10 is formed thereon. The underfloor space 9 and the overfloor space 10 are both configured as highly airtight and highly insulated air ducts.

A veranda 14 projects from the south outer surface of the frame F, and a passage 15 projects from the north outer surface of the frame F. On the veranda 14, a veranda floor plate 16 substantially flush with the floor plate 13 is laid, and under the veranda floor space 17 is formed a veranda floor.

The floor space 10 has a living space formed therein.
Side wall frame 2 so as to surround the chamber 18 ₁, 2_TwoAnd ceiling
A partition wall 19 made of a heat insulating material is provided along the frame 3.
The living room 18 is inside the partition wall 19 of the
The ventilation layer 20 is formed. The partition wall 19 includes a living room 18.
Ceiling wall 19₁And side wall 19_TwoAnd they are the same
It is composed of a material or another material. As described below
Ceiling wall 19 in which upper vent 21 is opened₁Is a sound absorbing panel
Preferably, the upper vent 21
The sound of the blown air is absorbed.

[0016] longitudinal (Fig. 1 left, right) of the residence chamber 18 left along the right facing upper ventilation layer through the upper vent 21 that is open to the ceiling wall 19 ₁ along its substantially entire length 20. The left and right facing portions along the longitudinal direction (left and right directions in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the underfloor space 9 are also communicated with the ventilation layer 20 through the lower ventilation holes 22 opened in the floor plate 13 over substantially the entire length thereof. You.

An air supply duct 23 and an exhaust gas recovery duct 24 which extend vertically through the middle part of the living room 18 are arranged in the above-floor space 10. The upper ends of both ducts 23, 24 penetrate the partition wall 19. Thus, the lower end thereof is communicated with the underfloor space 9 through the floor plate 13.

An air conditioning unit A is provided in the underfloor space 8. The air conditioning unit A includes a heat source H, a forced ventilation fan 25, and a heat exchanger 26.

Next, their specific structures will be described mainly with reference to FIG. The heat source H includes a hot water tank 28 and a cold water tank 31. The hot water tank 28 is connected to a heat radiating section 29 through a hot water circuit 30, and the cold water tank 31 is connected to a heat radiating section 32 through a cold water circuit 33. Is done.

If the hot water tank 28 and the cold water tank 31 are heated and cooled by using midnight power, the cost of the heat source can be reduced. In addition, a heat pump, a solar system, or the like can be used as the heat source H.

In the underfloor space 9, the hot and cold water tanks 28 and 31, and the heat exchanger 2
6. The forced ventilation fan 25 and the radiators 29 and 32 are provided. In the air-conditioning case 34 provided in the underfloor space 9, the heat exchanger 26, the forced-ventilation fan 25, and the heat radiating units 29 and 32 are housed in order from the downstream side to the upstream side along the flow direction of the air-conditioned air. . The heat exchanger 26
The heat exchange element 37 is housed in a heat exchange chamber in the air conditioning case 34. The forced-ventilation fan 25 is an electric centrifugal fan, and the discharge side of the fan 25 is a radiator 2 of the heat source H.
Meet 9,32.

The radiating portions 29 and 32 of the air conditioning case 34
Forward than the outlet passages 35 are connected, this outlet passages 35, are selectively switched off by the first damper 39, are provided with air outlet 35 ₁ and the bypass port 35 _2. The outlet 35 ₁ is opened under the floor space 9 and the bypass port 35 ₂ is communicated with the air supply duct 23 through the bypass passage 38.

Moreover the air-conditioning case 34, an air filter 43 _1, 43 ₂ replacement air intake 40 and exhaust outlet 42 via the rear of the end wall than the heat exchange element 37 is in parallel is opened, these The ports 40 and 42 can be opened and closed by dampers 40 ₁ and 42 ₁ , respectively. The fresh air inlet 40 is connected to the fresh air introduction duct 47, and the exhaust outlet 42 is connected to the exhaust duct 4.
8, respectively. The fresh air introduction duct 47
Extends in the north-south direction toward the veranda 14 through the underfloor space 9 and reaches the veranda underfloor space 17 through the inverted large beam 5 and the inverted small beam 6, and an air purifier 51 provided there.
Through the outer wall of the porch of the veranda 14 to open to the outside. On the other hand, the exhaust duct 48 is formed in a flat T-shape as shown clearly in FIG. 1 and extends from the base thereof in the north-south direction. It reaches 15 floors below and penetrates the north and south skeleton outer walls and opens to the outside. The exhaust duct 48 receives the wind pressure from the north and south of the building to increase the efficiency of exhaust flowing therethrough.

The forced ventilation fan 25 of the air conditioning case 34
And between the fresh air inlet 40 and the exhaust outlet 42,
An exhaust gas recovery passage 41 is provided.
Is selectively communicated with the underfloor space 9 or the exhaust recovery duct 24 by a second damper 56 provided therein.

In the living room 18, an exhaust recovery port 59 is opened below the exhaust recovery duct 24, and the port 59 is provided with a third damper 60 capable of controlling opening and closing thereof.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

[0027] Winter heat storage mode Figures 5 and 6 show the flow of air in the winter heat storage mode.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 6, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG.

This is a mode mainly executed at night in winter, and the fresh air introduction duct 47 and the exhaust duct 48 are closed by closing the dampers 40 ₁ and 42 ₁ to shut off the building space S from outside air. deep. As shown in FIG. 5, the first damper 39 is switch-controlled to open the blow-out passage 35 into the underfloor space 9 and close the bypass passage 38. Further, both the second damper 56 and the third damper 60 are switch-controlled to communicate the exhaust recovery duct 24 with the heat exchange chamber 36 and close the exhaust recovery port 59.

The first, second and third dampers 3
Opening and closing control of 9, 56 and 60 is performed by a conventionally known automatic control means or manually.

If the hot water in the hot water tank 28 of the heat source H is circulated to the hot water circuit 30 and the forced ventilation fan 25 is operated, warm air from the air conditioning unit A flows as shown by the arrow a in FIGS. That After air discharged from the forced ventilation fan 25 is warmed to a suitable temperature through the heat radiating portion 29, it is blown from the air outlet 35 ₁ underfloor space 9. After this air circulates in the underfloor space 9, the left and right lower vents 2
2, flows up to the ventilation layer 20, rises up the ventilation layer 20, flows upward, and is returned to the air conditioning unit A through the exhaust recovery duct 24, and is again sucked into the forced ventilation fan 25.

As described above, while the warm air flows through the underfloor space 9 and the ventilation layer 20, the warm air heat is transferred to the entire surface of the frame F which is a heat storage body, that is, the floor slab 1 and the side wall frames 2 ₁ and 2.
₂ and the ceiling frame 3 can be stored, and the building space S
It is possible to keep the whole body warm evenly, and it is possible to prevent not only the surface dew condensation on the frame F, the floor plate 13, the partition wall 19 and the like but also the dew condensation on the inner surface thereof, thereby preventing the occurrence of mold and mite.

[0032] Winter heating and ventilation mode FIGS. 7 and 8 show the flow of air in the winter heating and ventilation mode. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 7-7 in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7.

After the fresh air introduction duct 47 and the exhaust duct 48 are communicated with the outside air by opening the dampers 40 ₁ , 42 ₁ , the first damper 39 is switched and controlled, as shown in FIG. Through the air supply duct 23
Close the air outlet 35 ₁ communicates with the. Second,
The third dampers 56 and 60 are both switched and controlled so that the exhaust recovery duct 24 communicates with the living room 18 via the exhaust recovery port 59.

The air conditioning unit A circulates hot water through the hot water circuit 30 and operates the forced ventilation fan 25 in the heating mode in the same manner as described above.
The air is passed from the fresh air inlet duct 40 to the air conditioning unit A through the fresh air inlet duct 47. Fresh air is an air filter 43 ₁
After passing through the heat exchange element 37, heat is exchanged with the exhaust gas, and the air is heated by the exhaust heat. Fresh air warmed by heat exchange with exhaust is forced ventilation fan 2
The air is sucked by 5 and is actively heated by the heat radiating section 29, and is guided to the air supply duct 23 through the blowing passage 35 and the bypass passage 38. The warm air flowing through the air supply duct 23 flows into the upper part of the ventilation layer 20 as shown by the arrow b, and then flows into the living room 18 through the upper ventilation hole 21. Since the upper ventilation port 21 is opened substantially at the upper portion of the living room 18 at the opposite upper portion thereof, the warm air flowing into the living room 18 from the upper ventilation hole 21 flows from the upper edge of the living room 18 to the opposite edge. The air flows uniformly downward in the entire area of the chamber 18, flows into the exhaust recovery duct 24, and returns to the air conditioning unit A. In the air conditioning unit A, exhaust gas is supplied to the heat exchange element 37.
After the heat exchange, the air is discharged through the exhaust duct 48 to the outside air. In this case, since the exhaust duct 48 is opened on both the north and south sides of the building, it is efficiently drawn by the wind flowing outside the building.

As described above, in the living room 18, the living room 18 is formed by the forced convection due to the direct flow of warm air from above to below and the radiant heat transmitted from the ventilation layer 20 to the living room 18 through the partition wall 19. The entire area is evenly and efficiently heated, and ventilation is efficiently performed. In addition, frame F which is a heat storage body
Heat from the living room 18 can be kept warm by heat radiation, and the temperature change in the living room 18 is reduced, and the occurrence of dew condensation is prevented. 18 are obtained.

[0036] 9 and 10 show the flow of air in the summer heat storage mode. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG.

This is a mode mainly implemented at night in summer. In order to isolate the building space S from the outside air, the fresh air introduction duct 47 and the exhaust duct 48 are closed by closing the dampers 40 ₁ and 42 _1. Keep closed. As shown in FIG.
Close outlet 35 ₁ communicates with the air supply duct 23 through the bypass passage 38 and outlet passages 35 and the first damper 39 and the switching control. In addition, both the second damper 56 and the third damper 60 are switched and controlled to communicate the underfloor space 9 with the air conditioning unit A and to cut off the communication between the exhaust recovery duct 24 and the living room 18. If the chilled water in the chilled water tank 31 of the heat source 24 is circulated to the chilled water circuit 33 and the forced ventilation fan 25 is operated, the chilled air from the air conditioning unit A flows as shown by an arrow c in FIGS. That is, the air discharged from the forced-ventilation fan 25 is cooled to an appropriate temperature through the heat radiating portion 32, and then flows through the ventilation layer 20 along the ceiling frame 3 through the bypass passage 38 and the air supply duct 23, and further flows through the ventilation layer 25. left 20, flows downward along the side wall framework 2 _1, 2 ₂ of the right and refluxed left and flows to the underfloor space 9 through the right lower vent 22 to the air conditioning unit a.

As described above, while the cool air flows through the underfloor space 9 and the ventilation layer 20, the cool air heat is transferred to the entire surface of the frame F which is a heat storage body, ie, the floor slab 1 and the side wall frames 2 ₁ and 2.
Heat is stored in ₂ and ceiling frame 3. It is possible to uniformly keep the entire building space S warm and to prevent the formation of surface dew on the frame F, the floor panel 13, the partition wall 19, and the like, as well as to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation on the inner surface thereof, thereby preventing the occurrence of mold and ticks. it can.

[0039] Summer Cooling and Ventilation Mode FIGS. 11 and 12 show the air flow in the summer cooling and ventilation mode. FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 12, and FIG. 12 is 12-12 of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows a line.

After the dampers 40 ₁ , 42 ₁ are opened to communicate the fresh air introduction duct 47 and the exhaust duct 48 to the outside air, the first damper 39 is switched and controlled as shown in FIG. Air supply duct 2 via 38
Close the air outlet 35 ₁ communicates with the 3. Further, both the second and third dampers 56 and 60 are controlled to be switched, so that the exhaust recovery duct 24 is shut off from the underfloor space 9 and communicated with the living room 18. The air conditioning unit A circulates cold water through the cold water circuit 33 in the same manner as described above, and if the forced ventilation fan 25 is operated in the cooling mode, the high-temperature outside air passes through the fresh air introduction duct 47 from the air purifier 51, Intake 40
The heat is further led to the heat exchange chamber 36. Fresh air is the air filter 43
After being purified by _{1, the} heat passes through the heat exchange element 37 and exchanges heat with the exhaust gas, and is cooled by the heat of the exhaust gas.
Fresh air cooled by heat exchange with the exhaust air is sucked by the forced ventilation fan 25, is actively cooled by the heat radiating section 29, and is guided to the air supply duct 23 through the blowing passage 35 and the bypass passage 38. The cool air flowing through the air supply duct 23 flows into the upper part of the ventilation layer 20 as shown by the arrow d, and then flows into the living room 18 through the upper ventilation opening 21. Since the upper ventilation port 21 is opened substantially on the left and right sides of the living room 18 facing the left and right sides thereof, the cool air flowing into the living room 18 from the upper ventilation port 21 is opposed to the living room 18. From the rising edge, it flows uniformly downward over the entire area of the chamber 18 and flows into the exhaust recovery duct 24, returns to the air conditioning unit A, where it undergoes heat exchange, becomes exhaust, and is discharged through the exhaust duct 48 to the outside air. You.

As described above, in the living room 18, the living room 18 is formed by the forced convection due to the direct flow of the cool air from above to below and the radiant heat transmitted from the ventilation layer 20 to the living room 18 through the partition 19. The entire area is evenly and efficiently cooled, and ventilation is efficiently performed. In addition, frame F which is a heat storage body
The heat release from the living room makes it possible to keep the living room warm.
Therefore, a comfortable living room 18 which is energy-saving as a whole, always at a suitable temperature and well-ventilated can be obtained.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a single housing space of an apartment house has been described.However, this may be applied to a detached house and other buildings, and the air conditioning unit is the same as that of the above-described embodiment. In addition to the above, conventionally known ones can be used. Further, in the building space of the above embodiment, a two-layer space is formed by a floor structure of inverted beams, but a two-layer space may be formed by a floor structure of a normal beam structure. And lay the floorboard on it. Furthermore, the upper and lower vents may be provided continuously over the entire width of the upper and lower edges of the opposing wall of the living room, or may be spaced apart over the entire width.

[0043]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a highly airtight and highly insulated building space is defined by a skeleton formed of a heat storage body, and this building space is placed on a floor slab of the skeleton. The floor space laid at an interval comprises a two-layer space of an underfloor space and an on-floor space, and the above-floor space surrounds a living room formed in the above-floor space by a partition wall arranged along a frame. A ventilation layer is formed, and the living room and the ventilation layer communicate with each other through an upper ventilation port provided on the left and upper right portions of the living room so as to face substantially the entire length thereof. An air supply layer communicates with the ventilation layer through a lower ventilation hole provided over substantially the entire length of the left and right opposing portions of the underfloor space, and an air supply that communicates the underfloor space with an upper portion of the ventilation layer at an intermediate portion of the overfloor space. A duct and an exhaust recovery duct are installed side by side, Is equipped with an air-conditioning unit, the air-conditioning unit has an outlet passage that can selectively communicate with the underfloor space and the air supply duct, and an exhaust recovery passage that can selectively communicate with the underfloor space and the exhaust recovery duct. Is established,
Since the exhaust recovery duct has an exhaust recovery port communicating with the living room, the living room formed in the floor space has an even flow of air over its entire area by forced convection, heat transfer by radiation, and Synergy with the heat storage effect enables energy-saving and highly efficient cooling, heating and ventilation, as well as reliably preventing dew condensation on the surface and inner surfaces of the building, partition walls, etc. It is possible to provide a healthy and comfortable environment as a whole.

Since the air-conditioning unit is housed and arranged in the space under the floor, the effective volume of the living room is not reduced.

According to the second feature of the present invention, since the floor of the building space is formed in a reverse beam structure having a reverse beam, a large space for accommodating the air conditioning unit is secured in the underfloor space. And the layout becomes easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 shows an air conditioner in a building according to the present invention;
Plan view along one line

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partially broken enlarged view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;

5 shows the flow of air in winter heat storage mode, FIG.
Longitudinal section along line -5

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 8, showing the air flow in the heating and ventilation modes in winter.

8 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7;

9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the flow of air in the summer heat storage mode, taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 10;

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows the flow of air in summer cooling and ventilation modes.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 11-11 of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line 12-12 of FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Floor slab 9 ... Under floor space 10 ... Floor space 13 ... Floor plate 18 ... Living room 19 ... Partition wall 20 ... Ventilation layer 21 ... Upper ventilation port 22 ... Lower ventilation port 23 ... Air supply duct 24 Exhaust collection duct 35 Outlet passage 59 Exhaust collection port A Air conditioning unit F Building skeleton S Building space

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masafumi Matsumoto 2-1-1-12, Akinohigashi, Oita City, Oita Prefecture (72) Inventor Takashi Ikuno 1782-5 Dairyu, Shoji-cho, Oita-gun, Oita Prefecture (56) Reference Document JP-A-4-194547 (JP, A) JP-A-4-103952 (JP, A) JP-A-3-31623 (JP, A) JP-A-59-115925 (JP, A) JP-A-61-115 278693 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application Hei 3-48624 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application Hei 3-27530 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 13/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A highly airtight and highly insulated building space (S) is defined by a skeleton (F) made of a heat storage body, and this building space (S) is placed on a floor slab (1) of the skeleton (F). The floor space (9) and the floor space (10) are formed into a two-layer space by a floor plate (13) laid with a space between the floor plates (13), and the floor space (10) is arranged along the frame (F). Partition wall (1
9), the living room (1) formed in the space above the floor (10).
8), a ventilation layer (20) is formed so as to surround the living room (18) and the ventilation layer (20).
8), which communicates with the left and right upper portions through an upper vent (21) which is provided over substantially the entire length thereof, and connects the underfloor space (9) and the ventilation layer (20) to the underfloor space ( 9) communicating with each other through lower air vents (22) provided over substantially the entire length of the left and right opposing portions, and furthermore, the space above the floor (1)
0), the underfloor space (9) and the ventilation layer (2)
An air supply duct (23) and an exhaust gas recovery duct (24) communicating with the upper part of (0) are arranged side by side, and the underfloor space (9) is equipped with an air conditioning unit (A). Is the underfloor space (9) and the air supply duct (23)
And an exhaust passage (41) that can selectively communicate with the underfloor space (9) and the exhaust collection duct (24). An air conditioner for a building, characterized in that an exhaust recovery port (59) communicating with the living room (18) is opened in (1). 2. The building space (S) has a skeleton (F).
The air conditioner for a building according to claim 1, wherein the floor slab (1) is constructed in a reverse beam structure protruding upward.