FR2643469A1 - Modular optical apparatus having a laser, for displaying molecular structures by transmittance or reflection - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular optical apparatus for displaying molecules and atoms by optical scanning having mechanical driving of a modulated "Laser" beam and having controlled angular dispersion, by projection, photographic recording or electronic camera (CCD/CD). The apparatus is composed of an electronic module 1 which includes the emitter of the beam 2, the guiding system with a socket 3 for remote control and the optical transfer system 5; a scanning module 6 composed of a sealed environmental (microclimate) chamber 7 and the optical scanning system 8 having mechanical driving; a tilting optical module 9 comprises a variable-geometry optical component and a sliding screen module 10. The apparatus is attached to the apparatus-supporting module 11 fitted with a driven horizontal upper plate.

Description

DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a modular optical device for viewing in reflection or transparency, by projection, photography or electronic camera (CCD / CD), molecules and atoms in their solid and liquid states, static and dynamic, by a beam of coherent light , monochromatic in phase (LASER) with modulation and controlled angular dispersion, animated by optical scanning with mechanical drive.

(FIG.I)
Current techniques require a huge use of highly qualified equipment and personnel, working with x-rays or synchrotron. Therefore means which are not available to all scientists, nor from industry and education, a defect which can be remedied by the present invention.

 The device consists of an electronic module (I), comprising the ray transmitter (2), the guidance system with a socket (3) for remote control by an umbilical cord (4) and the optical transfer over an optical fiber (5); a scanning module (o) composed of the waterproof microclimate enclosure (7) and the optical scanning system with mechanical drive (8); a tilting optical module (9) comprising variable geometry optics and a notch module (IC). The device is anchored on the animated device-support module (11).

 The optical beam transfer system (5) comprises a two-part fixing block (12), hollowed out inside so as to receive a termination of the optical fiber (13), provided with a miniaturized synthetic lens (14 ), and of a modulating lens with curvature and variable optical plane (I5), driven by the difference in pressure of a liquid and guided from the outside by a fitted conduit (16).

 The lens consists of a circular pocket made of transparent synthetic material (17) with an inlet / outlet opening (18), crimped and held by a collar (19) and fitted into the fixing block (I2). the interior walls of this are induced with radiation absorbing material (20).

 The microclimate scanning module (6) includes its sealed formwork (7) with the loading door (21) in z ', a semi-circular arm with H profile (22), the remission carriage (24) and the '' object holder drawer assembly (8).

 The re-transmission carriage (24) in two parts (42) comprises the other end of the optical fiber (.44) provided with a concave miniaturized lens (45) and a mirror with variable curvature (5C) by difference in pressure, con made up of a thin polished metal disc (47), applied to a flexible synthetic disc (46) with a thickness decreasing towards the center and fixed by a collar (43) on a beveled cylinder (48) with a bottom present the hollow protuberence (49) drawn at the arrival of the animation liqmide.

A flexible wire (51) is fixed perpendicular to the internal face at the center of the flexible disc (45) and to the wall of the cylinder (48) so as to maintain the central axis of the mirror (45). The carriage block carries the fixings for the addition to the seti-circular arm (2â) and has the hollow interior with the optical window.

 Se semicircular arm (22) is fixed with one end on the back wall by a pivot through the partition (34), necessary for movement, with an angular shift x '# + IC #y' and on the other side with a recessed pivot (31) with an angular offset x # + 10 #y. The pivots (31/34) are centered so as to form a straight line passing from x'-o-x. The semi-circular arm (22) attached to the remission carriage (24) allows 180 axis xx 'and 90 zy axis to be swept by tilting the arm (22), and the movement of the carriage (24) on that allows the beam to be kept (#) centered on point o (FIG. 7).

 The entire object drawer (25) is made up of the base drawer (35) comprising guide notches (36), a flat circular plate (26) anirated with a circular movement of 360, placed on the base drawer (@ 5) on the circulating Satin (26) is fixed a cylinder (27) containing another cylinder (28) animated by a vertical movement. The animated cylinder (28) carries a plane plate (29) animated in the senses x # x ', itself superimposed by a flat plate (29) animated in the senses y # y' and carrier o object-holder system (33) composed of two triangular supports receiving the axes (37) the pivoting object plate (32) where the plate itself is provided with an optical window (38).

tout en gardan@ le faisceau (#) centré sur le point o.The scanning system allows movements along the axes

while keeping @ the beam (#) centered on point o.

 The scanning module (6) can be stripped of its sealed enclosure (7) and replaced by a simple formwork.

The front face is curved from the middle of the front face to the top. Under both are provided with an optical slot (39) and two slides (4C) to receive the slides of the optical module (58).

 The optical module (9) consists of a sliding planar optical holder (57) with the controlled diffusion optics (56), animated in the lateral direction, and placed on two supports fixed to the bottom wall (61 ). A focal and diffusion lens 2 (55) is placed in its slide (64) on a protective and absorbing screen (63), movable longitudinally and guided by two rails (62). In the middle of the back wall is the optical window (66) surmounted towards the outside by an external guide (63) which can be inserted in the optical slot of the Dalayage module (39) and provided with a polished flat glass (59 ) in protection. The slides are fixed on each side (58) and are embedded on the slide (4C) of the scanning module (6) and allow the movement of the optical module (9).

A removable semi-transparent plane mirror (52) is arranged at the external termination of the inclined lower rail 450, which makes it possible to direct a half-beam towards the optical window for photography (65), while maintaining observation on the screen (7).

 @e sliding screen holder module (10) is fixed by two levers on the optical module (9) and has a slot (78) for the optical photographic window (65), and a slot for film plane cassettes (67) with the internal guides (68), and a slot for the rocker axis (53) of the optical module (9).

 The device-support module (II) comprises a horizontal plate (69) supporting the entire device, except the optical module (9), the whole placed on a square element (70) animated and itself on rails inlinés 45 (71).

An ascending or descending movement allows tilting from horizontal to vertical of the optical module (9) fixed by its axis (53) to the stationary part of the device support (II). This keeps the screen (72) at eye level and compensates for the angular deflection of the beam (#) during scanning.

 Without the device support module (II) two guide plates (76) support the optical module (9).

 he optical principle is based on the (property of the photon: pseudo-particle with wave motion.

The optical path is as follows: (FIG. 6)
The blurring of the semi-transparent mirror image of the tube
LASER, then homogenization of the beam (#) and intensity regulation in the optical transfer system (5), then transfer by optical fiber to the variable mirror (50), which by the variation of the curvature changes l angle # and consequently the diameter of the beam (#), which is projected onto the sample, where the primary image I4 is formed, which is taken up by the primary optic (56) which projects the secondary image Iz onto the secondary optics (54) which itself produces the tetrial image I3, which heads towards the recording.

As an indication, this device will not exceed the following dimensions: - with device-device module (II): 140x50x40 cms - without device-device module (II): 50x40x30 cms
The present apparatus can bring a precious help to the understanding of the elementary processes, It also allows quick results easily to be obtained.

It has the advantage of distorting the samples and allows observation "in situ" at a reduced cost and personnel, without forgetting teaching.

Claims (6)

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S 1. Modular optical device for viewing by reflection or transparency, in projection, photography or electronic camera (CD / CCD), molecules and atoms in their solid and liquid states, static and dynamic, by a beam of monochromatic coherent light in phase (laser ) with modulation and angular dispersion controlled and animated by an optical scanning with mechanical drive, characterized in that it is composed by modules which are counted in: an electronic module (1) including the beam emitter (2), the system didage with a socket (3) for remote control by umbilical cord (4) and the optical transfer system on optical fiber (5); a scanning module (6) composed of the sealed microclimatic enclosure 7) interchangeable by a simple formwork, and the optical scanning system with mechanical drive a Tilting optical unit (9) comprising variable geometry optics (54/56); a screen module (10); an animated device-support module (11), replaceable by two quides (76). 2C. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the optical beam transfer system (5) comprises a fixing block in two parts (12) hollowed inside so as to receive a termination of the optical fiber (13) provided with 'a miniaturized synthetic lens (14), and a modulating lens with curvature and variable optical plane (15). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2 characterized in that the modulating lens with curvature and variable optical plane (15) consists of a circular pocket made of transparent synthetic material (17) with an orifice / sortio (ie), crimped and maintained by a collar (19), and that it is animated by the difference in pressure of a liquid, guided from the outside by a fitted duct (16). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the optical scanning system with mechanical drive (e) consists of a semicircular pivoting arm (22) on which is fixed the remission carriage (24), where the assembly scans 180 axis xx 'and 900 axis zy, and of the object-drawer drawer assembly: 25 @, which comprises: a base drawer (35) surmounted by a circular plate (26) driven by a rotation of 360; superimposed by a fixed cylinder (27) containing another vertically animated cylinder (28); surmounted by a flat plate (29), animated axis xx ', on which animates axis yy' a second plane plate (30) carrying the object holder system (331, which consists of two triangular supports (37) receiving axes of the pivoting object plate (32) provided with an optical window (38); where all the movements of the scanning system (8) scan along the axes xx ', yy', zz ', zy, xzx ', xyx'y' and zx keeping the beam (#) centered on point 0 (Fig. 7). 5. device according to revencicatlon 4 characterized in that the remission carriage (24) comprises two hollow parts (42) inside with the optical window, the other end of the optical fiber (44) provided with a miniaturized lens ( 45), a mirror with variable curvature (50) by difference in pressure, and the fixings (41) for the addition to the semi-circular arm (22). 6. Apparatus according to claim 1,3 and 7 characterized by its optical path (Fig. 6), which, starting from the beam emitter (2) passes through the transfer system (5) where the beam (#) is homogenized and adjusted in intensity, then transferred by optical fiber (13/44) to the mirror with variable curvature (50), which by the variation of the curvature changes the angle e and consequently the diameter of the beam (#), beam which is projected onto the sample (0) where the primary image (I,) is formed, which is taken up by primary optic (56), then by secondary optic (54), whence the tertiary image (I3) is directed the record.  70. Apparatus according to claim 5 characterized in that the mirror with variable curvature (50) by difference in pressure consists of a thin polished metal disc (47), applied to a disc of flexible synthetic material (46) and fixed ' by a collar (43) on a bevel cut cylinder (48) with a bottom having a hollow protuberance (49) intended for the arrival of the animation liquid. 8. device according to claim 1 characterized in that the support-device module (11) consists of a horizontal plate (69) supporting the entire device, except the optical module (9); the plate (69) itself rests on a square element (7G) animated on inclined rails (71) allowing an upward or downward movement, which induces the tilting of the horizontal to the vertical of the optical module (9), which remains fixed with its axis (55) to the stationary part of the device holder (11).