EP3970811B1 - Training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body - Google Patents
Training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3970811B1 EP3970811B1 EP21196459.8A EP21196459A EP3970811B1 EP 3970811 B1 EP3970811 B1 EP 3970811B1 EP 21196459 A EP21196459 A EP 21196459A EP 3970811 B1 EP3970811 B1 EP 3970811B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- seat
- training
- training device
- upper body
- muscles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/00185—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using resistance provided by the user, e.g. exercising one body part against a resistance provided by another body part
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/02—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the abdomen, the spinal column or the torso muscles related to shoulders (e.g. chest muscles)
- A63B23/0205—Abdomen
- A63B23/0216—Abdomen moving lower limbs with immobilized torso
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/00058—Mechanical means for varying the resistance
- A63B21/00069—Setting or adjusting the resistance level; Compensating for a preload prior to use, e.g. changing length of resistance or adjusting a valve
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
- A63B21/4027—Specific exercise interfaces
- A63B21/4033—Handles, pedals, bars or platforms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
- A63B21/4041—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
- A63B21/4047—Pivoting movement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
- A63B21/4041—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
- A63B21/4049—Rotational movement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/02—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the abdomen, the spinal column or the torso muscles related to shoulders (e.g. chest muscles)
- A63B23/0233—Muscles of the back, e.g. by an extension of the body against a resistance, reverse crunch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2208/00—Characteristics or parameters related to the user or player
- A63B2208/02—Characteristics or parameters related to the user or player posture
- A63B2208/0228—Sitting on the buttocks
- A63B2208/0233—Sitting on the buttocks in 90/90 position, like on a chair
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/09—Adjustable dimensions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a training device for training individual, specific muscle groups in the upper body, wherein during training a seat is moved relative to an upper body support element against a counterforce acting in at least one direction of movement.
- targeted training for a single, specific muscle group has proven to be effective. Since targeted training avoids compensation by other muscles, targeted muscle building can be ensured near the joints. Targeted training also has advantages for injured people who cannot train all of their muscles to the same extent.
- the joints in the body act as pivot points around which other parts of the body, such as bones, are moved by the muscles in a pendulum-like manner.
- An example of this is the elbow joint, around which the forearm can move like a pendulum.
- the pelvis can also move in this way around the individual vertebrae of the spine. The pelvis can therefore be moved around one of the vertebrae in a curved path, like a pendulum.
- the aim of the training is to create the resistances against which the muscles have to work as close to the joint as possible, i.e. to generate resistances close to the pivot point. This trains the muscles that surround and protect the joint.
- a training device for the core muscles is in the DE 9405749 U1 described.
- the legs are fixed so that the upper body, which has fallen onto an air-filled ball, can be lifted against its own weight.
- different muscle groups are used.
- the disadvantage is that the deep muscles in the hip joint are not specifically addressed here.
- a training device with which the muscles in the lumbar region can be strengthened is made of WO 2013/064589 A1 and DE 10 2011 085 571 A1
- This muscle group requires special attention because many people have underdeveloped muscles in this area due to frequent, long periods of sitting, which can lead to great pain.
- This training device has a frame, a seat with a seat for free sitting without touching the floor, at least one backrest, a fixation device for the pelvis and a fixation device for the hands or arms.
- the seat with the fixation device for the pelvis can be moved relative to the backrest with the fixation device for the hands and arms.
- the disadvantage is that the exercise to strengthen the muscles in the lumbar region is often carried out incorrectly by those training with this device, which jeopardizes the success of the training. What is particularly problematic is that muscle groups other than those in the lumbar region are used to move the seat against a certain force. Well-trained, external muscles then compensate for the force that should actually be applied by the deeper muscles. The trainees achieve this in particular by engaging other muscles via lever movements of the legs, and sometimes also the arms.
- the object of the invention is to provide a training device which makes incorrect exercise execution significantly more difficult and thus forces correct execution of the exercise for training the muscles in the lumbar region, so that the trainees intuitively perform the exercise correctly and the deeper muscles are effectively stimulated.
- the object is achieved by a training device according to the independent claim.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
- a training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body which has a support frame and a training unit.
- the training unit has an upper body support element and a seat.
- the seat can move along an arc-shaped path relative to the upper body support element in such a way that the pelvis can be moved in a pendulum-like manner against an adjustable counterforce acting in at least one direction of movement when the upper body is resting on the upper body support element.
- the seat is designed in such a way that only the buttocks area is supported and that no elements for supporting the legs or feet are arranged on the training device.
- the pelvis When training with the training device, the pelvis performs a pendulum-like movement with the seat.
- the pelvis moves back and forth on a curved path.
- the seat can be moved on a curved path.
- the pelvis therefore performs a swinging movement around a joint, in particular around one of the vertebrae in the upper body.
- Such a pendulum-like movement corresponds to the natural movement sequence in the body, in which the muscles move other parts of the body around a pivot point. acting joint. This trains the muscles that surround the corresponding joint or vertebra.
- the upper body is fixed to the upper body support element. This fixation can be achieved by the person exercising pressing the upper body against the upper body support element, whereby the positioning or pressing of the upper body against the upper body support element can be supported by other elements arranged on the training device, such as belts.
- the seat is preferably movable with the backrest fixed.
- the counterforce acts primarily in one direction of movement. This means that the person exercising must apply increased force to move the seat in one direction and thus overcome this counterforce.
- the seat also moves backwards under the influence of the counterforce.
- the counterforce pushes the seat back, thus supporting the backward movement.
- the backward movement corresponds to an eccentric movement of the muscles.
- the backward movement is preferably carried out as a controlled backward movement using the corresponding muscles to be trained.
- different muscles are required to move the seat with the help of the upper body muscles.
- the direction of the counterforce can therefore determine whether the muscles to be trained are those in the back, those in the abdominal area or muscles on the sides.
- the counterforce to be overcome stimulates the corresponding muscles and the intensity of the training can be adjusted depending on the set level of the counterforce.
- a reduction in the compensation possibilities by other muscles is achieved by the training device according to the invention primarily by eliminating the undesirable support possibilities by the feet and especially by the legs.
- the person exercising cannot make the exercise easier by lever movements on fixing elements or support options.
- the training device is designed in such a way that the person exercising cannot support their legs or feet on the floor or on the training device. This advantageously deprives the person exercising of the opportunity to support themselves on the support elements, so that correct execution of the exercise is forced without compensating lever movements.
- the seat itself is not such a support element for the legs or feet, even if the upper part of the thighs rests on it.
- the seat is designed in such a way that only the buttocks area is supported and there is no possibility of support for the legs or feet.
- the buttocks area can also include the upper part of the thighs, i.e. the upper 50% of the thighs or preferably the upper 20% of the thighs or particularly preferably the upper 10% of the thighs.
- the training device does not provide any possibility of supporting the further part of the thighs.
- support for the legs or feet also includes any fixation or storage of the legs or feet, in particular the lower part of the legs from the middle of the thighs downwards and the feet.
- the training device therefore has no elements that rest on the middle and lower part of the thighs, the lower legs, the knees or feet or that fix them in any way.
- the leg and feet hang freely and the pelvis is held on the seat primarily by a certain amount of friction between the seat and the buttocks. Increased muscle use may be necessary for correct seating.
- the pelvis is only in contact with the seat through the ischial tuberosities (tuber ischiadicum), so that the seat can be moved by a pendulum movement of the pelvis around a vertebra in the upper body in such a way that the seat is moved in an arc-shaped path.
- the lack of support options for the legs or feet means that those exercising are prevented from supporting themselves, for example, using fixing elements that engage with the lower legs in such a way that the thigh muscles or the outer hip muscles take over the force to move the seat, thus relieving the deeper muscles near the vertebrae that are actually being trained.
- the thigh or hip muscles cannot be used to move the pelvis and thus the seat when the upper body is stationary. Compensation by the hip and thigh muscles is thus avoided.
- the pelvis Due to the lack of fixing elements on the legs to fix the pelvis, the pelvis is only fixed by the seat itself. In order to fix the pelvis on the seat, a special design of the seat itself is required. The fixation of the pelvis on the seat preferably results from the friction between the seat and the person exercising.
- the seat is designed in the form of a saddle, for example in the form of a bicycle saddle.
- Another variant provides for the fixation of the pelvis by the person exercising sinking into the soft surface of the seat in such a way that there is sufficient friction to keep the buttocks and thus the pelvis on the
- the seat is designed to be secured in place.
- the weight exerted by the person exercising prevents the seat from slipping.
- the seat has a flat top.
- the seat has no side panels or other securing elements.
- the seat preferably has a foam that is covered with a cover.
- the friction between the seat and the person exercising is determined by the hardness of the foam and the choice of material, such as leather or imitation leather or fabric, for the cover.
- the surface of the seat preferably has sufficient roughness.
- the seat has a rectangular shape with a length in the direction of sitting.
- the length is less than 30 cm or 25 cm or 20 cm.
- the seat is then only designed as a contact surface. It does not provide any support for the legs, nor for the upper part of the thighs, which creates a compulsion to carry out the exercises correctly.
- the short seat therefore reduces the possibility of using the legs to support oneself in a lever-like manner and then using the hip muscles to relieve the muscles in the upper body area that are actually being trained.
- the length of the seat is arranged in the direction of sitting, so during training the length is parallel to the ventral and dorsal main direction of the person exercising.
- the counterforce to be overcome during training is preferably adjusted by varying the incline of the entire training unit and thus the direction of movement of the seat relative to the floor.
- the incline of the training unit also adjusts the incline of the direction of movement of the seat element. Since the seat moves on an arc-shaped path, the incline of the path is also changed, i.e. the path is tilted.
- the direction of movement of the seat element is also adjusted, which determines the angle to the horizontal.
- a change in the direction of movement always influences the proportion of the weight on the seat element, which means that the training intensity of the exercise can be adjusted effectively and easily.
- the training unit is preferably mounted so that it can be tilted around an inclination axis relative to the support frame in such a way that the inclination of the training unit relative to the floor can be varied and fixed in different positions.
- the training device has a manually operated or driven gear, which is arranged between the training unit and the support frame.
- the gear is used to adjust the inclination of the training unit.
- the gear can be designed as a worm gear, in particular as a self-locking or self-inhibiting worm gear.
- a further component is arranged on the worm gear, which causes the self-locking effect.
- an inclination or tilting of the training unit about an inclination axis is realized in such a way that the direction of movement of the seat runs in a plane which is arranged perpendicular to the inclination axis of the training device.
- the training unit is preferably arranged so that it can be adjusted relative to the support frame.
- the counterforce can also be achieved by using additional weights or by using a rubber band or a cable pull system.
- the training device is preferably designed in such a way that the distance between the seat in the resting position and the upper body support element can be adjusted and fixed at different distances.
- the seat is connected to the upper body support element via a joint, which is preferably designed as a swivel joint, and the distance between the seat and the joint is variably adjustable and fixable.
- the height of the joint in relation to the body of the person exercising allows the exercise to be initiated in different muscle groups.
- the area that is arranged at the height of the joint around which the seat moves in an arc-shaped path is always particularly stimulated and stressed. If the joint is arranged at the height of a lumbar vertebra, for example, the muscles around this lumbar vertebra are particularly strengthened by the training.
- the pelvis then performs a pendulum-like movement around the corresponding lumbar vertebra.
- the muscle segment to be trained is varied and specifically stressed.
- the seat is preferably coupled to the joint via telescopic elements.
- telescopic elements are understood to be extendable, interlocking tube-like elements or elements in the form of a hollow profile.
- Other coupling elements are also possible, which can be adjusted in length. The relevant factor here is the change in the distance between the swivel joint and the seat element.
- the distance between the upper body support element and the joint can also be adjusted and fixed in different positions.
- the training device has a shelf or fixing elements for the arms or hands.
- the fixing elements are particularly preferably designed as handles.
- the trainees can also hold on to the backrest, but handles arranged in front of the backrest in particular, i.e. those that are easy to reach for the arms and hands when the upper body is resting on it, enable the upper body to be fixed comfortably.
- An alternative way of fixing the upper body is with straps that connect the upper body to the upper body support element.
- the training device is designed in such a way that the movement of the seat takes place on an arc-shaped path.
- the arc-shaped path can be described as an nth order polygon, i.e. it can be designed as any curved path.
- One possible embodiment is an elliptical path.
- the movement of the seat preferably takes place on a circular path.
- the seat is connected to the upper body support element via a joint designed as a swivel joint.
- the curved path of the seat then results from a pendulum movement of the seat around the swivel joint.
- the seat is connected to the swivel joint by means of elongated elements so that the seat can be moved around the swivel joint like a rigid pendulum.
- the training device has a curved guide on which the seat can be guided.
- the upper body support element can be adjusted and fixed in different positions and at different distances from the seat.
- the upper body support element is designed as a backrest or as a side rest or as a rest for the front area of the upper body.
- the Upper body support element designed as a support element for the upper torso, in particular for the shoulder chest area.
- the upper body support element can also be designed as a backrest to support the lower torso, in particular the lumbar region. The choice of which area of the upper body the trainee supports himself with, in conjunction with the direction of the counterforce, determines the muscle to be trained.
- the lower abdominal muscles i.e. the external oblique abdominal muscles (musculus obliquus externus) as well as the internal oblique abdominal muscles (musculus obliquus internus) and the straight abdominal muscles (musculus rectus abdominis) are stimulated and trained.
- the hip flexors which are also known as hip benders, can advantageously not take on a compensatory role.
- the deep back muscles in particular the multifidus muscle, are trained.
- the hip extensors which are also known as hip extensors, cannot act in a compensatory manner. The trainee is therefore deprived of the opportunity to simplify the exercise by having the hip extensors relieve the deep back muscles that are actually supposed to be trained. The trainee is forced to stimulate the deep back muscles, which makes training the deep back muscles significantly more effective.
- the upper body support element is designed as a side rest. This specifically trains the transverse abdominal muscles (Musculus transversus abdominis).
- the hip abductors which are also known as hip abductors, can advantageously not act in a compensatory manner.
- the invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments.
- the exemplary embodiments relate to various embodiments of a training device according to the invention and are intended to describe the invention without limiting it.
- FIG. 1a shows a training device 1 with a support frame 2 and a training unit 3.
- the training unit 3 has an upper body support element 4 and a seat 5.
- the upper body support element 4 is designed in this embodiment as a backrest 4 with a curvature 4A in the lower area.
- the seat 5 is designed here as a contact surface with a short length 5L in the direction of the seat. Such a narrow seat 5 only offers a support surface for the buttocks of the person exercising, while the thighs are not supported.
- the seat 5 therefore serves here as a contact surface for the ischial tuberosities.
- the seat 5 is coupled to the training unit 3 via a joint 7.
- the trainee can move the seat 5 with the backrest 4 fixed, so that the seat 5 performs an arc-shaped movement around the joint 7.
- the seat 5 is moved around the joint 7 in a circular path like a pendulum.
- Figure 1b shows the training device 1 with the support frame 2 and the training unit 3 in a rear view.
- the handles 6 are detachably fixed to the backrest 4 and the seat 5 is designed as a narrow contact surface.
- the decisive factor here is that only the buttocks can rest on the seat 5.
- a crank 8 is arranged on the training device 1 to adjust the inclination of the training unit 3. Using this crank 8, the inclination of the training unit 3 relative to the support frame 2 can be set in different positions, whereby the training intensity can be adjusted.
- This training device 1 is shown in a perspective view obliquely from above in Fig. 1c shown.
- Fig. 2a a side view of the training device 1 is shown.
- the upper body support element 4 is also designed as a backrest 4 with a curvature in the lower area. The curvature prevents the upper body from being at a distance from the upper body support element 4 during training in this area.
- This type of fixation of the upper body to the upper body support element 4 means that the relevant deeper muscles in the upper body are trained in this area and the person training does not make the exercise easier by including other, stronger muscles in the training via lever movements, here in particular of the upper body.
- the seat 5 is arranged so that it can be moved on rigid connecting elements 9 and can be moved along the rigid connecting elements 9 and thus adjusted in height. This makes it possible to choose between different deep muscles along the spine.
- the muscles that are primarily trained are those that are arranged at the height of the joint 7, around which the seat and thus also the pelvis perform a pendulum-like movement during training.
- Fig. 2b a rear view of this training device 1 is shown.
- FIG 3a the training device 1 is shown in a side view.
- the seat 5 is shown here in a pivoted position, whereby the seat 5 is connected to the joint 7 via rigid connecting elements 9.
- the seat 5 and the connecting elements 9 can be pivoted around the joint 7 in a pendulum-like manner.
- the pelvis of a person sitting on the seat 5 moves in a pendulum-like manner with the seat 5 during training, so that the pelvis performs a pendulum-like movement around the corresponding vertebra of the upper body.
- the seat 5 and the elongated connecting elements 9 can be swiveled by up to 60° during training, while the upper body support element 4 and the handles 6 remain firmly in place.
- FIG. 3b A side view of such a training device 1 with a height-adjustable seat 5 is shown in Fig. 3b
- the seat 5 is arranged in a lower position than in the Figures 3a and 1a to 1c
- the distance between seat 5 and joint 7 and thus the height of seat 5 can be adjusted by means of a spindle gear using a crank for seat height adjustment 10.
- the pivot point in the upper body is therefore moved upwards so that muscles located higher up are stimulated and trained.
- the training device 1 is shown with a training unit 3 inclined by 45° relative to the support frame 2.
- the inclination of the training unit 3 can be adjusted and fixed in various positions. This allows the intensity of the training to be varied in different levels.
- the person exercising rests his back on the upper body support element 4, which is designed here as a backrest, and moves the seat 5 on a curved path, whereby gravity has a greater influence.
- the training unit 3 is connected via a coupling rod 11 to a spindle gear, which can be operated via a crank for inclination adjustment 8.
- Fig. 3d The training device 1 is shown with a training unit 3 inclination of 180°.
- the backrest 4 is horizontal and the seat 5 is vertical.
- FIG. 1 A schematic representation of the training unit 1 is shown in a variant in which the upper body support element 4 arranged on the support frame 2 is designed as a backrest for the front area of the upper body 4, in Fig. 4 shown.
- the trainee shown here from the side, fixes his upper body by placing the upper body on the upper body support element 4 and holding on to handles 6.
- the seat 5 is connected to a joint 7 via connecting elements 9, around which the rigid connecting elements 9 move the seat 5 on a curved path, here pendulum-like along the direction of the pendulum movement 12.
- the trainee's pelvis which is arranged on the seat 5, also moves in a pendulum-like manner around a vertebra in the upper body.
- FIG. 5 A further variant with an upper body support element 4 arranged on the support frame 2 and designed as a side rest 4 is shown in Fig. 5 shown schematically.
- the trainee shown here from the front, moves the pelvis arranged on the seat 5 in a lateral movement along the direction of the pendulum movement 12.
- the upper body is fixed by resting on the side rest 4 and by holding the hands on the handles 6 connected to the side rest 4.
- This trains the transverse and oblique abdominal muscles in particular.
- the seat 5 is also connected to a joint 7 via rigid connecting elements 9, whereby the seat 5 can be moved on a curved path.
- the legs or feet of the trainee can advantageously not support themselves in such a way that the trainee incorrectly uses the usually better trained hip abductors to perform the exercise via lever movements.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a training device 1 with an upper body support element 4 designed as a backrest 4, which is arranged on the support frame 2.
- the person exercising moves the seat 5 with the help of his abdominal muscles on an arc-shaped path along the schematically indicated direction of the pendulum movement 12.
- the distance between the joint 7, around which the seat 5 performs the pendulum movement, and the seat 5 can preferably be adjusted by the length of the connecting elements 9.
- the upper body is fixed by resting the back on the upper body support element 4 and by holding the hands on the handles 6. The pelvis can thus perform a pendulum-like movement on the seat 5.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Trainingsgerät zum Trainieren einzelner, spezifischer Muskelgruppen im Oberkörper, wobei im Training ein Sitz gegenüber einem Oberkörperanlageelement gegen eine in wenigstens einer Bewegungsrichtung wirkende Gegenkraft bewegt wird.The invention relates to a training device for training individual, specific muscle groups in the upper body, wherein during training a seat is moved relative to an upper body support element against a counterforce acting in at least one direction of movement.
Es sind bereits eine große Anzahl an Trainingsgeräten für unterschiedliche Muskelgruppen des menschlichen Körpers bekannt. Ein gleichzeitiges Training einer Vielzahl von Muskelgruppen führt aber nachteiliger Weise dazu, dass nur einige dieser Muskelgruppen den Hauptteil der für die Bewegungsausführung notwendigen Kraft aufbringen und somit andere Muskelgruppen nicht in ausreichender Intensität stimuliert und trainiert werden.A large number of training devices for different muscle groups of the human body are already known. However, training a large number of muscle groups at the same time has the disadvantage that only some of these muscle groups provide the majority of the force required to perform the movement, meaning that other muscle groups are not stimulated and trained with sufficient intensity.
Ein Mangel an ausreichend trainierten, tieferliegenden Muskeln führt aber immer wieder zu starken gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen, da die Gelenke nicht ausreichend durch die Muskulatur gestützt werden. Das hat besondere Relevanz für die Muskulatur im Oberkörperbereich, wie beispielsweise die Rückenmuskulatur, welche die Wirbelsäule stützt. Weiterhin sind auch die seitlichen und vorderen Muskeln des Oberkörpers relevant, da die Muskeln zusammenwirken und insgesamt eine Abstützung des Oberkörpers gewährleisten. Für eine gute Abstützung der Wirbelsäule ist es dabei besonders wichtig, dass die tiefe, wirbelnahe Muskulatur ausreichend ausgeprägt ist. Neben der Rückenmuskulatur sollten auch die tieferliegenden, kleinen, seitlichen und vorderen Muskeln ausreichend trainiert werden.However, a lack of sufficiently trained, deeper muscles often leads to serious health problems, as the joints are not adequately supported by the muscles. This is particularly relevant for the muscles in the upper body area, such as the back muscles, which support the spine. The lateral and front muscles of the upper body are also relevant, as the muscles work together and provide overall support for the upper body. To ensure good support for the spine, it is particularly important that the deep muscles close to the vertebrae are sufficiently developed. In addition to the back muscles, the deeper, small, lateral and front muscles should also be adequately trained.
Um ein Training insbesondere kleinerer Muskeln sicherzustellen, hat sich das gezielte Training für eine einzelne, bestimmte Muskelgruppe bewährt. Da durch gezieltes Training eine Kompensation durch andere Muskeln vermieden wird, kann ein gezielter Muskelaufbau nahe der Gelenke gewährleistet werden. Außerdem hat ein gezieltes Training Vorteile für verletzte Personen, die nicht alle Muskeln in gleichem Maße trainieren können.In order to ensure that smaller muscles in particular are trained, targeted training for a single, specific muscle group has proven to be effective. Since targeted training avoids compensation by other muscles, targeted muscle building can be ensured near the joints. Targeted training also has advantages for injured people who cannot train all of their muscles to the same extent.
Grundsätzlich wirken die Gelenke im Körper als Drehpunkte, um welche andere Körperteile, wie beispielsweise Knochen, durch die Muskeln pendelartig bewegt werden. Ein Beispiel dafür ist das Ellbogengelenk, um welches sich der Unterarm nach Art eines Pendels bewegen kann. In dieser Art ist auch das Becken um die einzelnen Wirbel der Wirbelsäule bewegbar. Das Becken kann somit auf einer gebogenen Bahn, pendelartig um einen der Wirbel bewegt werden.Basically, the joints in the body act as pivot points around which other parts of the body, such as bones, are moved by the muscles in a pendulum-like manner. An example of this is the elbow joint, around which the forearm can move like a pendulum. The pelvis can also move in this way around the individual vertebrae of the spine. The pelvis can therefore be moved around one of the vertebrae in a curved path, like a pendulum.
Um die gesundheitlich besonders relevanten Muskeln an den verschiedenen Gelenken, wie dem Hüftgelenk oder einzelnen Wirbeln der Wirbelsäule, ausreichend zu stimulieren, ist es das Ziel des Trainings, die Widerstände, gegen welche die Muskeln arbeiten müssen, möglichst nah am Gelenk zu realisieren, also drehpunktnahe Widerstände zu generieren. Dadurch werden jene Muskeln trainiert, welche das Gelenk umgeben und schützen.In order to adequately stimulate the muscles that are particularly important for health at the various joints, such as the hip joint or individual vertebrae of the spine, the aim of the training is to create the resistances against which the muscles have to work as close to the joint as possible, i.e. to generate resistances close to the pivot point. This trains the muscles that surround and protect the joint.
Für das spezielle Training von gelenkumgebender Muskulatur sind aus dem Stand der Technik Trainingsgeräte für die Beinmuskulatur, die Hüftmuskulatur oder die Muskulatur im Lendenwirbelbereich bekannt.For the special training of muscles surrounding the joints, state-of-the-art training devices for the leg muscles, the hip muscles or the muscles in the lumbar region are known.
Ein Trainingsgerät für die Rumpfmuskulatur ist in der
Ein Trainingsgerät, mit welchem die Muskulatur im Lendenwirbelbereich gestärkt werden kann, ist aus
Nachteilig wird die Übung zur Stärkung der Muskulatur im Lendenwirbelbereich mit diesem Gerät durch die Trainierenden immer wieder fehlerhaft ausgeführt, was den Trainingserfolg gefährdet. Problematisch ist dabei insbesondere, dass andere Muskelgruppen als jene im Lendenwirbelbereich genutzt werden, um den Sitz gegen eine gewisse Kraft zu bewegen. Gut trainierte, äußere Muskeln kompensieren dann die Kraft, welche eigentlich durch die tieferliegenden Muskeln aufgebracht werden soll. Das wird durch die Trainierenden insbesondere dadurch realisiert, dass andere Muskeln über Hebelbewegungen der Beine, teilweise auch der Arme, hinzugezogen werden.The disadvantage is that the exercise to strengthen the muscles in the lumbar region is often carried out incorrectly by those training with this device, which jeopardizes the success of the training. What is particularly problematic is that muscle groups other than those in the lumbar region are used to move the seat against a certain force. Well-trained, external muscles then compensate for the force that should actually be applied by the deeper muscles. The trainees achieve this in particular by engaging other muscles via lever movements of the legs, and sometimes also the arms.
Das Problem wird bisher dadurch gelöst, dass erfahrene, geschulte Trainer und Physiotherapeuten die Übungen begleiten und die Trainierenden immer wieder auf Fehler bei der Ausführung hinweisen. Da die Trainierenden trotz einer solchen Einweisung und Begleitung immer wieder dazu übergehen die Übungen nicht korrekt auszuführen, ist eine regelmäßige und engmaschige Betreuung der Trainierenden unumgänglich, um ein effektives Training mit einem solchen Trainingsgerät zu gewährleisten. Dies verursacht einen hohen Zeit- und Kostenaufwand.The problem has so far been solved by having experienced, trained trainers and physiotherapists accompany the exercises and repeatedly point out mistakes in the execution. Since the trainees continue to do the exercises incorrectly despite such instructions and support, regular and close supervision of the trainees is essential in order to ensure effective training with such training equipment. This causes a lot of time and expense.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Trainingsgerät bereitzustellen, welches die fehlerhafte Übungsausführung deutlich erschwert und somit eine korrekte Ausführung der Übung zum Training der Muskulatur im Lendenwirbelbereich erzwingt, sodass die Trainierenden die Übung intuitiv korrekt ausführen und die tiefer liegenden Muskeln effektiv stimuliert werden.The object of the invention is to provide a training device which makes incorrect exercise execution significantly more difficult and thus forces correct execution of the exercise for training the muscles in the lumbar region, so that the trainees intuitively perform the exercise correctly and the deeper muscles are effectively stimulated.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein Trainingsgerät gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a training device according to the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Die Aufgabe wird insbesondere durch ein Trainingsgerät zum Trainieren einzelner Muskelgruppen im Oberkörper gelöst, welches ein Stützgestell und eine Trainingseinheit aufweist. Dabei weist die Trainingseinheit ein Oberkörperanlageelement und einen Sitz auf. Der Sitz ist derart auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn gegenüber dem Oberkörperanlageelement beweglich, dass das Becken bei am Oberkörperanlageelement anliegendem, ruhendem Oberkörper gegen eine einstellbare in wenigstens einer Bewegungsrichtung wirkende Gegenkraft pendelartig bewegbar ist. Dabei ist der Sitz derart ausgebildet, dass ausschließlich der Gesäßbereich abgestützt wird und dass an dem Trainingsgerät keine Elemente zur Abstützung der Beine oder Füße angeordnet sind. Es sind an dem Trainingsgerät auch keine an den Beinen oder Füßen anliegenden Elemente zur Fixierung des Beckens auf dem Sitz angeordnet. Somit sind keine Elemente am Trainingsgerät angeordnet, an denen der Trainierende seine Beine während des Trainings abstützen könnte.The problem is solved in particular by a training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body, which has a support frame and a training unit. The training unit has an upper body support element and a seat. The seat can move along an arc-shaped path relative to the upper body support element in such a way that the pelvis can be moved in a pendulum-like manner against an adjustable counterforce acting in at least one direction of movement when the upper body is resting on the upper body support element. The seat is designed in such a way that only the buttocks area is supported and that no elements for supporting the legs or feet are arranged on the training device. There are also no elements on the training device that rest on the legs or feet for fixing the pelvis to the seat. Thus, there are no elements on the training device on which the trainee could support his legs during training.
Beim Training mit dem Trainingsgerät führt das Becken eine pendelartige Bewegung mit dem Sitz aus. Im Sinne der Erfindung bewegt sich das Becken dabei auf einer gebogenen Bahn hin und her. Um dies zu gewährleisten ist der Sitz auf einer gebogenen Bahn bewegbar. Das Becken führt im Training also eine schwingende Bewegung um ein Gelenk, also insbesondere um einen der Wirbel im Oberkörper aus. Eine solche pendelartige Bewegung entspricht dem natürlichen Bewegungsablauf im Körper, bei dem die Muskeln andere Körperteile, um ein als Drehpunkt wirkendes Gelenk bewegen. Dadurch werden die Muskeln, welche das entsprechende Gelenk beziehungsweise den Wirbel umgeben, trainiert.When training with the training device, the pelvis performs a pendulum-like movement with the seat. In accordance with the invention, the pelvis moves back and forth on a curved path. To ensure this, the seat can be moved on a curved path. During training, the pelvis therefore performs a swinging movement around a joint, in particular around one of the vertebrae in the upper body. Such a pendulum-like movement corresponds to the natural movement sequence in the body, in which the muscles move other parts of the body around a pivot point. acting joint. This trains the muscles that surround the corresponding joint or vertebra.
Der Oberkörper wird dabei am Oberkörperanlageelement fixiert. Diese Fixierung kann durch ein Anpressen des Oberkörpers an das Oberkörperanlageelement durch den Trainierenden selbst erfolgen, wobei das Anlegen oder Anpressen des Oberkörpers an das Oberkörperanlageelement durch andere am Trainingsgerät angeordnete Elemente, wie beispielsweise Gurte, unterstützt werden kann. Der Sitz ist dabei vorzugsweise bei feststehender Lehne bewegbar.The upper body is fixed to the upper body support element. This fixation can be achieved by the person exercising pressing the upper body against the upper body support element, whereby the positioning or pressing of the upper body against the upper body support element can be supported by other elements arranged on the training device, such as belts. The seat is preferably movable with the backrest fixed.
Die Gegenkraft wirkt bevorzugt in einer Bewegungsrichtung. Dadurch muss der Trainierende zur Bewegung des Sitzes in einer Richtung eine erhöhte Kraft zur Bewegung des Sitzes und somit zur Überwindung dieser Gegenkraft aufwenden. Die Rückbewegung des Sitzes erfolgt ebenso unter Einfluss der Gegenkraft. Dabei drückt die Gegenkraft den Sitz zurück, unterstützt also die Rückbewegung. Bei der Rückbewegung ist also kein Kraftaufwand zur Überwindung der Gegenkraft notwendig, aber es ist ein Kraftaufwand erforderlich, um den Sitz kontrolliert, also langsam zurückzubewegen. Die Rückbewegung entspricht einer exzentrischen Bewegung der Muskeln. Vorzugsweise wird die Rückbewegung als kontrollierte Rückbewegung unter Einsatz der entsprechenden, zu trainierenden Muskeln ausgeführt. Je nach Richtung der Gegenkraft sind unterschiedliche Muskeln erforderlich, um den Sitz mit Hilfe der Oberkörpermuskulatur zu bewegen. Durch die Richtung der Gegenkraft kann also bestimmt werden, ob es sich bei den zu trainierenden Muskeln um jene im Rücken, jene im Bauchbereich oder um seitliche Muskeln handelt. Durch die zu überwindende Gegenkraft werden die entsprechenden Muskeln stimuliert und je nach eingestellter Höhe der Gegenkraft kann die Intensität des Trainings angepasst werden.The counterforce acts primarily in one direction of movement. This means that the person exercising must apply increased force to move the seat in one direction and thus overcome this counterforce. The seat also moves backwards under the influence of the counterforce. The counterforce pushes the seat back, thus supporting the backward movement. During the backward movement, no effort is required to overcome the counterforce, but effort is required to move the seat back in a controlled, i.e. slow, manner. The backward movement corresponds to an eccentric movement of the muscles. The backward movement is preferably carried out as a controlled backward movement using the corresponding muscles to be trained. Depending on the direction of the counterforce, different muscles are required to move the seat with the help of the upper body muscles. The direction of the counterforce can therefore determine whether the muscles to be trained are those in the back, those in the abdominal area or muscles on the sides. The counterforce to be overcome stimulates the corresponding muscles and the intensity of the training can be adjusted depending on the set level of the counterforce.
Eine Reduktion der Kompensationsmöglichkeiten durch andere Muskeln wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät in erster Linie dadurch erreicht, dass die unerwünschten Abstützungsmöglichkeiten durch die Füße und besonders auch durch die Beine beseitigt wurden. Vorteilhaft kann der Trainierende sich somit nicht mittels Hebelbewegungen an Fixierelementen oder Abstützmöglichkeiten die Übung erleichtern. Es sind an dem Trainingsgerät somit keine Elemente vorgesehen, welche als Anlageelemente für die Beine oder Füße dienen können, auch keine durch welche in erster Linie eine Fixierung des Beckens auf dem Sitz realisiert werden soll. Das Trainingsgerät ist dabei derart ausgebildet, dass die Trainierenden weder ihre Beine noch ihre Füße am Boden oder am Trainingsgerät abstützen können. Dadurch wird den Trainierenden vorteilhaft die Möglichkeit genommen, sich an den Anlageelementen abzustützen, sodass eine korrekte Übungsausführung unter Ausschluss kompensierender Hebelbewegungen erzwungen wird. Der Sitz selbst ist kein solches Anlageelement für die Beine oder Füße, selbst wenn der obere Teil der Oberschenkel darauf aufliegt. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist der Sitz derart ausgebildet, dass ausschließlich der Gesäßbereich abgestützt wird und keine Abstützungsmöglichkeit für die Beine oder Füße existiert. Dabei kann der Gesäßbereich auch den oberen Bereich der Oberschenkel, also die oberen 50 % der Oberschenkel oder bevorzugt die oberen 20 % der Oberschenkel oder besonders bevorzugt die oberen 10 % der Oberschenkel umfassen. Es ist an dem Trainingsgerät aber keine Möglichkeit zur Abstützung des weiteren Teils der Oberschenkel vorgesehen. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist eine Abstützung für die Beine oder Füße auch jede Fixierung oder Ablage der Beine oder Füße, insbesondere des unteren Bereiches der Beine ab der Mitte der Oberschenkel abwärts sowie der Füße. Das Trainingsgerät weist somit keine Elemente auf, welche an den mittleren und unteren Bereich der Oberschenkel, an den Unterschenkeln, an den Knien oder Füßen anliegen oder diese in irgendeiner Art fixieren. Das Bein und die Füße hängen frei und das Becken wird in erster Linie dadurch auf dem Sitz gehalten, dass eine gewisse Reibung zwischen dem Sitz und dem Gesäß existiert. Für den korrekten Sitz kann ein erhöhter Muskeleinsatz notwendig sein. Besonders bevorzugt hat das Becken nur durch die Sitzbeinhöcker (tuber ischiadicum) Kontakt zum Sitz, sodass der Sitz durch eine Pendelbewegung des Beckens um einen Wirbel im Oberkörper derart bewegbar ist, dass der Sitz auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn bewegt wird.A reduction in the compensation possibilities by other muscles is achieved by the training device according to the invention primarily by eliminating the undesirable support possibilities by the feet and especially by the legs. Advantageously, the person exercising cannot make the exercise easier by lever movements on fixing elements or support options. There are therefore no elements on the training device that can serve as support elements for the legs or feet, nor are any that are primarily intended to fix the pelvis on the seat. The training device is designed in such a way that the person exercising cannot support their legs or feet on the floor or on the training device. This advantageously deprives the person exercising of the opportunity to support themselves on the support elements, so that correct execution of the exercise is forced without compensating lever movements. The seat itself is not such a support element for the legs or feet, even if the upper part of the thighs rests on it. In accordance with the invention, the seat is designed in such a way that only the buttocks area is supported and there is no possibility of support for the legs or feet. The buttocks area can also include the upper part of the thighs, i.e. the upper 50% of the thighs or preferably the upper 20% of the thighs or particularly preferably the upper 10% of the thighs. However, the training device does not provide any possibility of supporting the further part of the thighs. In accordance with the invention, support for the legs or feet also includes any fixation or storage of the legs or feet, in particular the lower part of the legs from the middle of the thighs downwards and the feet. The training device therefore has no elements that rest on the middle and lower part of the thighs, the lower legs, the knees or feet or that fix them in any way. The leg and feet hang freely and the pelvis is held on the seat primarily by a certain amount of friction between the seat and the buttocks. Increased muscle use may be necessary for correct seating. It is particularly preferred if the pelvis is only in contact with the seat through the ischial tuberosities (tuber ischiadicum), so that the seat can be moved by a pendulum movement of the pelvis around a vertebra in the upper body in such a way that the seat is moved in an arc-shaped path.
Durch das Fehlen der Abstützungsmöglichkeiten für die Beine oder Füße wird den Trainierenden vorteilhaft die Möglichkeit genommen sich beispielsweise über an den Unterschenkeln angreifende Fixierungselemente derart abzustützen, dass die Oberschenkelmuskulatur oder die äußere Hüftmuskulatur die Kraft zur Bewegung des Sitzes übernimmt und somit die eigentlich zu trainierenden tieferliegenden, wirbelnahen Muskeln entlastet. Die Oberschenkel- oder Hüftmuskulatur kann bei einem Training mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerät nicht dazu genutzt werden, das Becken und somit den Sitz bei feststehendem Oberkörper zu bewegen. Eine Kompensation durch die Hüft- und Oberschenkelmuskulatur wird somit vermieden.The lack of support options for the legs or feet means that those exercising are prevented from supporting themselves, for example, using fixing elements that engage with the lower legs in such a way that the thigh muscles or the outer hip muscles take over the force to move the seat, thus relieving the deeper muscles near the vertebrae that are actually being trained. When exercising with the training device according to the invention, the thigh or hip muscles cannot be used to move the pelvis and thus the seat when the upper body is stationary. Compensation by the hip and thigh muscles is thus avoided.
Aufgrund der fehlenden Fixierelemente an den Beinen zur Fixierung des Beckens erfolgt die Fixierung des Beckens nur durch den Sitz selbst. Um eine Fixierung des Beckens auf dem Sitz zu ermöglichen, ist eine spezielle Ausgestaltung des Sitzes selbst erforderlich. Die Fixierung des Beckens auf dem Sitz resultiert dabei bevorzugt aus der Reibung zwischen Sitz und Trainierendem.Due to the lack of fixing elements on the legs to fix the pelvis, the pelvis is only fixed by the seat itself. In order to fix the pelvis on the seat, a special design of the seat itself is required. The fixation of the pelvis on the seat preferably results from the friction between the seat and the person exercising.
In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung ist der Sitz dabei in Form eines Sattels, also beispielsweise in Form eines Fahrradsattels, ausgebildet. Eine andere Variante sieht dabei eine Fixierung des Beckens dadurch vor, dass der Trainierende derart in eine weiche Oberfläche des Sitzes einsinkt, dass eine ausreichende Reibung vorhanden ist, um das Gesäß und somit das Becken auf dem Sitz zu fixieren. Ein Wegrutschen wird somit durch die durch den Trainierenden ausgeübte Gewichtskraft verhindert. Der Sitz ist mit einer planen Oberseite ausgebildet. Dabei weist der Sitz keine Sitzwangen oder andere Fixierelemente auf.In one possible embodiment, the seat is designed in the form of a saddle, for example in the form of a bicycle saddle. Another variant provides for the fixation of the pelvis by the person exercising sinking into the soft surface of the seat in such a way that there is sufficient friction to keep the buttocks and thus the pelvis on the The seat is designed to be secured in place. The weight exerted by the person exercising prevents the seat from slipping. The seat has a flat top. The seat has no side panels or other securing elements.
Bevorzugt weist der Sitz einen Schaumstoff auf, der mit einem Überzug verkleidet ist. Die Reibung zwischen Sitz und Trainierendem wird dabei durch den Härtegrad des Schaumstoffes und durch die Wahl des Materials, wie beispielsweise Leder oder Kunstleder oder Stoff, für den Überzug bestimmt. Die Oberfläche des Sitzes weist vorzugsweise eine ausreichende Rauheit auf.The seat preferably has a foam that is covered with a cover. The friction between the seat and the person exercising is determined by the hardness of the foam and the choice of material, such as leather or imitation leather or fabric, for the cover. The surface of the seat preferably has sufficient roughness.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Variante weist der Sitz eine rechteckige Form mit einer Länge in Sitzrichtung auf. Dabei ist die Länge in einer geeigneten Variante kleiner als 30 cm oder 25 cm oder 20 cm. Der Sitz ist dann nur als Kontaktfläche ausgebildet. Er schafft keine Abstützungsmöglichkeit für die Beine, auch nicht für den oberen Bereich der Oberschenkel, wodurch ein Zwang entsteht, die Übungen korrekt auszuführen. Die kurze Sitzfläche reduziert also die Möglichkeit sich mittels der Beine hebelartig abzustützen und dann durch die Hüftmuskulatur die eigentlich zu trainierende Muskulatur im Oberkörperbereich zu entlasten. Die Länge des Sitzes ist im Sinne der Erfindung in Sitzrichtung angeordnet, beim Training ist die Länge also parallel zur ventralen und zur dorsalen Hauptrichtung des Trainierenden.In a particularly preferred variant, the seat has a rectangular shape with a length in the direction of sitting. In a suitable variant, the length is less than 30 cm or 25 cm or 20 cm. The seat is then only designed as a contact surface. It does not provide any support for the legs, nor for the upper part of the thighs, which creates a compulsion to carry out the exercises correctly. The short seat therefore reduces the possibility of using the legs to support oneself in a lever-like manner and then using the hip muscles to relieve the muscles in the upper body area that are actually being trained. In accordance with the invention, the length of the seat is arranged in the direction of sitting, so during training the length is parallel to the ventral and dorsal main direction of the person exercising.
Eine bedarfsgerechte Einstellung der Gegenkraft ermöglicht vorteilhaft ein an den Trainingszustand der jeweiligen Person angepasstes Training. Vorzugsweise wird die beim Training zu überwindende Gegenkraft dadurch eingestellt, dass die Neigung der gesamten Trainingseinheit und somit die Bewegungsrichtung des Sitzes gegenüber dem Boden variiert wird. Die Neigung der Trainingseinheit stellt auch die Neigung der Bewegungsrichtung des Sitzelementes ein. Da der Sitz sich auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn bewegt, wird auch die Neigung der Bahn geändert, die Bahn wird also gekippt. Durch die Fixierung der Trainingseinheit in einer bestimmten Position, also unter einem bestimmten Neigungswinkel, wird auch die Bewegungsrichtung des Sitzelementes eingestellt, wodurch der Winkel zur Horizontalen bestimmt wird. Eine Änderung der Bewegungsrichtung beeinflusst immer auch den Anteil der Gewichtskraft auf das Sitzelement, wodurch effektiv und einfach die Trainingsintensität der Übung eingestellt werden kann.Adjusting the counterforce as needed advantageously enables training that is tailored to the training level of the respective person. The counterforce to be overcome during training is preferably adjusted by varying the incline of the entire training unit and thus the direction of movement of the seat relative to the floor. The incline of the training unit also adjusts the incline of the direction of movement of the seat element. Since the seat moves on an arc-shaped path, the incline of the path is also changed, i.e. the path is tilted. By fixing the training unit in a certain position, i.e. at a certain angle of inclination, the direction of movement of the seat element is also adjusted, which determines the angle to the horizontal. A change in the direction of movement always influences the proportion of the weight on the seat element, which means that the training intensity of the exercise can be adjusted effectively and easily.
Wenn der Sitz aufgrund der Neigung weiter nach oben bewegt werden muss, so hat die Gewichtskraft, welche auch durch den Trainierenden selbst hervorgerufen wird, einen stärkeren Einfluss und die Gegenkraft wird bei stärker gekippter Trainingseinheit vergrößert. Bei einem größeren Einfluss der Gewichtskraft muss der Trainierende mehr Kraft aufwenden, um das Sitzelement zu bewegen, wodurch ein effektives Training gewährleistet werden kann. Die Trainingseinheit ist dabei bevorzugt um eine Neigungsachse gegenüber dem Stützgestell derart kippbar gelagert, dass die Neigung der Trainingseinheit gegenüber dem Boden in verschiedenen Positionen variierbar und fixierbar ist.If the seat has to be moved further up due to the inclination, the weight force, which is also caused by the person exercising, has a stronger influence and the counterforce is increased with a more tilted training unit. With a greater influence of weight, the person exercising has to use more force to move the seat element, which can ensure effective training. The training unit is preferably mounted so that it can be tilted around an inclination axis relative to the support frame in such a way that the inclination of the training unit relative to the floor can be varied and fixed in different positions.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist das Trainingsgerät ein handbetätigbares oder angetriebenes Getriebe auf, welches zwischen der Trainingseinheit und dem Stützgestell angeordnet ist. Dabei dient das Getriebe zur Einstellung der Neigung der Trainingseinheit. Das Getriebe kann dabei als Schneckengetriebe, insbesondere als selbstsperrendes oder selbsthemmendes Schneckengetriebe ausgebildet sein. In einer möglichen Variante ist ein weiteres Bauteil am Schneckengetriebe angeordnet, welches die selbstsperrende Wirkung bewirkt.In an advantageous embodiment, the training device has a manually operated or driven gear, which is arranged between the training unit and the support frame. The gear is used to adjust the inclination of the training unit. The gear can be designed as a worm gear, in particular as a self-locking or self-inhibiting worm gear. In one possible variant, a further component is arranged on the worm gear, which causes the self-locking effect.
Eine Neigung oder ein Kippen der Trainingseinheit um eine Neigungsachse wird in einer vorteilhaften Variante derart realisiert, dass die Bewegungsrichtung des Sitzes in einer Ebene verläuft, welche senkrecht zur Neigungsachse des Trainingsgerätes angeordnet ist.In an advantageous variant, an inclination or tilting of the training unit about an inclination axis is realized in such a way that the direction of movement of the seat runs in a plane which is arranged perpendicular to the inclination axis of the training device.
Die Trainingseinheit ist bevorzugt gegenüber dem Stützgestell verstellbar angeordnet. Die Gegenkraft kann in möglichen Ausführungsvarianten aber auch durch zusätzliche Gewichte oder durch die Verwendung eines Gummibandes oder durch die Verwendung eines Seilzugsystems realisiert werden.The training unit is preferably arranged so that it can be adjusted relative to the support frame. In possible design variants, the counterforce can also be achieved by using additional weights or by using a rubber band or a cable pull system.
Zur Optimierung des Trainings und zur Anpassung an unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse ist das Trainingsgerät bevorzugt derart ausgebildet, dass der Abstand zwischen dem in Ruheposition angeordneten Sitz und dem Oberkörperanlageelement in verschiedenen Abständen einstellbar und fixierbar ist.In order to optimize training and to adapt to different needs, the training device is preferably designed in such a way that the distance between the seat in the resting position and the upper body support element can be adjusted and fixed at different distances.
In einer besonders geeigneten Ausführungsform ist der Sitz über ein Gelenk, welches bevorzugt als Drehgelenk ausgebildet ist, mit dem Oberkörperanlageelement verbunden und der Abstand zwischen dem Sitz und dem Gelenk ist variabel einstellbar und fixierbar. Durch die Höhe des Gelenkes in Bezug auf den Körper des Trainierenden kann die Übung in unterschiedliche Muskelgruppen eingeleitet werden. Es wird dabei immer der Bereich besonders stimuliert und beansprucht, der auf der Höhe des Gelenkes angeordnet ist, um welchen sich der Sitz auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn bewegt. Wenn das Gelenk beispielsweise in der Höhe eines Lendenwirbels angeordnet ist, so wird die Muskulatur um diesen Lendenwirbel durch das Training besonders gestärkt. Das Becken führt dann eine pendelartige Bewegung um den entsprechenden Lendenwirbel aus. Somit kann durch eine Anpassung der Höhe des Gelenkes, um welches sich der Sitz auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn bewegt, das zu trainierende Muskelsegment variiert und gezielt beansprucht werden.In a particularly suitable embodiment, the seat is connected to the upper body support element via a joint, which is preferably designed as a swivel joint, and the distance between the seat and the joint is variably adjustable and fixable. The height of the joint in relation to the body of the person exercising allows the exercise to be initiated in different muscle groups. The area that is arranged at the height of the joint around which the seat moves in an arc-shaped path is always particularly stimulated and stressed. If the joint is arranged at the height of a lumbar vertebra, for example, the muscles around this lumbar vertebra are particularly strengthened by the training. The pelvis then performs a pendulum-like movement around the corresponding lumbar vertebra. Thus, by adjusting the height of the joint around which the seat moves the seat moves in an arc-shaped path, the muscle segment to be trained is varied and specifically stressed.
Der Sitz ist dafür vorzugsweise über teleskopartige Elemente mit dem Gelenk gekoppelt. Im Sinne der Erfindung werden unter teleskopartigen Elementen ausziehbare, ineinandergreifende röhrenartige Elemente oder Elemente nach Art eines Hohlprofils verstanden. Es sind auch andere Kopplungselemente möglich, welche in der Länge verstellt werden können. Relevant ist hier die Änderung des Abstandes zwischen Drehgelenk und Sitzelement.For this purpose, the seat is preferably coupled to the joint via telescopic elements. In the sense of the invention, telescopic elements are understood to be extendable, interlocking tube-like elements or elements in the form of a hollow profile. Other coupling elements are also possible, which can be adjusted in length. The relevant factor here is the change in the distance between the swivel joint and the seat element.
Bevorzugt ist auch der Abstand zwischen dem Oberkörperanlageelement und dem Gelenk in verschiedenen Positionen einstellbar und fixierbar.Preferably, the distance between the upper body support element and the joint can also be adjusted and fixed in different positions.
Das Trainingsgerät weist nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung eine Ablage oder Fixierelemente für die Arme oder Hände auf. Besonders bevorzugt sind die Fixierelemente als Griffe ausgebildet. Alternativ können sich die Trainierenden auch an der Lehne festhalten, aber insbesondere vor der Lehne angeordnete Griffe, also solche die bei angelegtem Oberkörper leicht für die Arme und Hände zu erreichen sind, ermöglichen eine komfortable Fixierung des Oberkörpers. Eine alternative Möglichkeit der Fixierung des Oberkörpers sind Gurte, welche den Oberkörper mit dem Oberkörperanlageelement verbinden.According to an advantageous embodiment, the training device has a shelf or fixing elements for the arms or hands. The fixing elements are particularly preferably designed as handles. Alternatively, the trainees can also hold on to the backrest, but handles arranged in front of the backrest in particular, i.e. those that are easy to reach for the arms and hands when the upper body is resting on it, enable the upper body to be fixed comfortably. An alternative way of fixing the upper body is with straps that connect the upper body to the upper body support element.
Das Trainingsgerät ist derart ausgebildet, dass die Bewegung des Sitzes auf einer bogenförmigen Bahn verläuft. Die bogenförmige Bahn kann dabei als Polygon n-ter Ordnung beschrieben werden, also als beliebige gekrümmte Bahn ausgebildet sein. Eine mögliche Ausführungsform ist dabei eine elliptische Bahn. Bevorzugt verläuft die Bewegung des Sitzes auf einer Kreisbahn.The training device is designed in such a way that the movement of the seat takes place on an arc-shaped path. The arc-shaped path can be described as an nth order polygon, i.e. it can be designed as any curved path. One possible embodiment is an elliptical path. The movement of the seat preferably takes place on a circular path.
Der Sitz ist in einer besonders geeigneten Variante dafür über ein als Drehgelenk ausgebildetes Gelenk mit dem Oberkörperanlageelement verbunden. Die bogenförmige Bahn des Sitzes resultiert dann aus einer Pendelbewegung des Sitzes um das Drehgelenk. In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung ist der Sitz mittels länglicher Elemente mit dem Drehgelenk verbunden, so dass der Sitz nach Art eines starren Pendels um das Drehgelenk bewegbar ist. Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung weist das Trainingsgerät eine bogenförmige Führung auf, auf welcher der Sitz geführt verfahrbar ist.In a particularly suitable variant, the seat is connected to the upper body support element via a joint designed as a swivel joint. The curved path of the seat then results from a pendulum movement of the seat around the swivel joint. In one possible embodiment, the seat is connected to the swivel joint by means of elongated elements so that the seat can be moved around the swivel joint like a rigid pendulum. According to an alternative embodiment, the training device has a curved guide on which the seat can be guided.
Das Oberkörperanlageelement ist nach einer möglichen Ausführungsform in verschiedenen Positionen und mit unterschiedlichen Abständen zum Sitz einstellbar und fixierbar.According to one possible embodiment, the upper body support element can be adjusted and fixed in different positions and at different distances from the seat.
Bevorzugt ist das Oberkörperanlageelement als Rückenlehne oder als Seitenlehne oder als Lehne für den vorderen Bereich des Oberkörpers ausgebildet. In einer speziellen Variante ist das Oberkörperanlageelement als Anlageelement für den oberen Oberkörper, also insbesondere für den Schulter Brustbereich ausgebildet. Alternativ kann das Oberkörperanlageelement auch als Lehne zur Abstützung auch des unteren Oberkörpers, insbesondere des Lendenwirbelbereichs, ausgebildet sein. Durch die Wahl mit welchem Bereich des Oberkörpers der Trainierende sich abstützt, wird in Verbindung mit der Richtung der Gegenkraft der zu trainierende Muskel festgelegt.Preferably, the upper body support element is designed as a backrest or as a side rest or as a rest for the front area of the upper body. In a special variant, the Upper body support element designed as a support element for the upper torso, in particular for the shoulder chest area. Alternatively, the upper body support element can also be designed as a backrest to support the lower torso, in particular the lumbar region. The choice of which area of the upper body the trainee supports himself with, in conjunction with the direction of the counterforce, determines the muscle to be trained.
In einer Ausführungsform mit einer Rückenlehne werden die unteren Bauchmuskeln, also die äußeren, schrägen Bauchmuskeln (Musculus obliquus externus) sowie die inneren, schrägen Bauchmuskeln (Musculus obliquus internus) als auch die geraden Bauchmuskeln (Musculus rectus abdominis) stimuliert und trainiert. Die Hüftflexoren, welche auch als Hüftbeuger bezeichnet werden, können dabei vorteilhaft nicht kompensatorisch tätig werden.In a version with a backrest, the lower abdominal muscles, i.e. the external oblique abdominal muscles (musculus obliquus externus) as well as the internal oblique abdominal muscles (musculus obliquus internus) and the straight abdominal muscles (musculus rectus abdominis) are stimulated and trained. The hip flexors, which are also known as hip benders, can advantageously not take on a compensatory role.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform, bei der das Oberkörperanlageelement als Lehne für den vorderen Bereich des Oberkörpers ausgebildet ist, werden die tiefen Rückenmuskeln, insbesondere der vielgefiederte Muskel (Musculus multifidus), trainiert. Die Hüftextensoren, welche auch als Hüftstrecker bezeichnet werden, können dabei nicht kompensatorisch tätig werden. Es wird dem Trainierenden also die Möglichkeit genommen, sich die Übung dadurch zu vereinfachen, dass die Hüftstrecker die eigentlich zu trainierenden tiefen Rückenmuskeln entlasten. Der Trainierende wird dazu gezwungen die tiefen Rückenmuskeln zu stimulieren, wodurch das Training der tiefen Rückenmuskeln deutlich effektiver wird.In another embodiment, in which the upper body support element is designed as a backrest for the front area of the upper body, the deep back muscles, in particular the multifidus muscle, are trained. The hip extensors, which are also known as hip extensors, cannot act in a compensatory manner. The trainee is therefore deprived of the opportunity to simplify the exercise by having the hip extensors relieve the deep back muscles that are actually supposed to be trained. The trainee is forced to stimulate the deep back muscles, which makes training the deep back muscles significantly more effective.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Oberkörperanlageelement als Seitenlehne ausgebildet. Dadurch werden speziell die queren Bauchmuskeln (Musculus transversus abdominis) trainiert. Die Hüftabduktoren, welche auch als Hüftabspreizer bezeichnet werden, können dabei vorteilhaft nicht kompensatorisch tätig werden.In another embodiment, the upper body support element is designed as a side rest. This specifically trains the transverse abdominal muscles (Musculus transversus abdominis). The hip abductors, which are also known as hip abductors, can advantageously not act in a compensatory manner.
Für die Realisierung der Erfindung ist es auch zweckmäßig, die vorbeschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltungen, Ausführungsformen und Merkmale der Ansprüche in zweckmäßiger Anordnung miteinander zu kombinieren.For the realization of the invention, it is also expedient to combine the above-described inventive embodiments, embodiments and features of the claims in a suitable arrangement.
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen eingehender erläutert werden. Die Ausführungsbeispiele beziehen sich auf verschiedene Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerätes und sollen dabei die Erfindung beschreiben ohne diese zu beschränken.The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments. The exemplary embodiments relate to various embodiments of a training device according to the invention and are intended to describe the invention without limiting it.
Anhand von Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen
- Fig. 1a
- ein Trainingsgerät von vorn in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
- Fig. 1b
- eine Rückansicht des Trainingsgerätes der
Fig. 1a in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, - Fig. 1c
- eine perspektivische Ansicht des Trainingsgerätes der
Figuren 1a und1b in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben, - Fig. 2a
- eine Seitenansicht eines Trainingsgerätes,
- Fig. 2b
- eine Rückansicht des Trainingsgerätes aus
Fig. 2a , - Fig. 3a
- eine seitliche Ansicht eines Trainingsgerätes mit verschwenktem Sitz,
- Fig. 3b
- eine seitliche Ansicht eines Trainingsgerätes mit in der Höhe verstelltem Sitz,
- Fig. 3c
- ein Trainingsgerät mit gegenüber dem Stützgestell geneigter Trainingseinheit,
- Fig. 3d
- ein Trainingsgerät mit gegenüber dem Stützgestell um 180 ° geneigter Trainingseinheit,
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Trainingsgerätes mit einer Lehne für den vorderen Bereich des Oberkörpers,
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Trainingsgerätes mit einer Seitenlehne und
- Fig. 6
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Trainingsgerätes mit einer Rückenlehne.
- Fig. 1a
- a training device from the front in a perspective view,
- Fig. 1b
- a rear view of the training device of the
Fig. 1a in a perspective view, - Fig. 1c
- a perspective view of the training device of the
Figures 1a and1b in a perspective view from above, - Fig. 2a
- a side view of a training device,
- Fig. 2b
- a rear view of the training device
Fig. 2a , - Fig. 3a
- a side view of a training device with a swiveled seat,
- Fig. 3b
- a side view of a training device with a height-adjustable seat,
- Fig. 3c
- a training device with a training unit inclined relative to the support frame,
- Fig. 3d
- a training device with a training unit inclined by 180 ° relative to the support frame,
- Fig. 4
- a schematic representation of a training device with a backrest for the front area of the upper body,
- Fig. 5
- a schematic representation of a training device with a side rest and
- Fig. 6
- a schematic representation of a training device with a backrest.
Zur Verstellung der Neigung der Trainingseinheit 3 ist eine Kurbel 8 am Trainingsgerät 1 angeordnet. Mittels dieser Kurbel 8 kann die Neigung der Trainingseinheit 3 gegenüber dem Stützgestell 2 in verschiedenen Positionen eingestellt werden, wodurch die Trainingsintensität angepasst werden kann. Dieses Trainingsgerät 1 ist in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von schräg oben in
In
In
Eine Seitenansicht eines solchen Trainingsgerätes 1 mit einem in der Höhe verstellten Sitz 5 ist in
In
Eine schematische Darstellung der Trainingseinheit 1 ist in einer Variante, bei der das am Stützgestell 2 angeordnete Oberkörperanlageelement 4 als eine Lehne für den vorderen Bereich des Oberkörpers 4 ausgebildet ist, in
Eine weitere Variante mit einem am Stützgestell 2 angeordneten und als Seitenlehne 4 ausgebildeten Oberkörperanlageelement 4 ist in
In
- 11
- Trainingsgerättraining device
- 22
- Stützgestellsupport frame
- 33
- Trainingseinheittraining session
- 44
- Oberkörperanlageelement, Lehne, Seitenlehne, Rückenlehne, Lehne für den vorderen Bereich des OberkörpersUpper body support element, backrest, side rest, backrest, backrest for the front area of the upper body
- 4A4A
- Wölbungcurvature
- 55
- Sitzseat
- 5L5L
- Länge in Sitzrichtunglength in the sitting direction
- 66
- Fixierelemente für die Arme oder Hände, GriffeFixing elements for the arms or hands, handles
- 77
- Gelenkjoint
- 88
- Kurbel zur Neigungseinstellung, KurbelCrank for tilt adjustment, crank
- 99
- Verbindungselementconnecting element
- 1010
- Kurbel zur Sitzhöhenverstellungcrank for seat height adjustment
- 1111
- Koppelstangecoupling rod
- 1212
- Richtung der Pendelbewegungdirection of the pendulum movement
Claims (14)
- Training device (1) for training individual muscle groups in the upper body, comprising a support frame (2) and a training unit (3), wherein the training unit (3) has an upper body support element (4) and a seat (5) which is movable on an arcuate path relative to the upper body support element (4) in such a way that, when the upper body is resting on the upper body support element (4), the pelvis can be moved in a pendulum-like manner counter to an adjustable counterforce that acts in at least one direction of movement, wherein the seat (5) is designed in such a way that only the gluteal region is supported and no elements for supporting the legs or feet are arranged on the training device (1), wherein the seat (5) has a planar upper side and wherein the seat (5) has no seat bolsters or other elements for fixing the pelvis on the seat (5).
- Training device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the seat (5) is designed in such a way that the fixation of the pelvis on the seat (5) results from the friction between the seat (5) and the person exercising.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the seat (5) has a length in the sitting direction, the length being less than 25 cm or 20 cm.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the counterforce to be overcome during training is adjustable by varying the inclination of the training unit (3) and thus the direction of movement of the seat (5) relative to the floor.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the training unit (3) is mounted so as to be tiltable about an inclination axis relative to the support frame (2) in such a way that the inclination of the training unit (3) relative to the floor is variable and fixable in different positions.
- Training device (1) according to either claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that a manually operated or driven gear arrangement is arranged between the training unit (3) and the support frame (2) such that the gear arrangement serves to adjust the inclination of the training unit (3).
- Training device (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that the gear arrangement is designed as a worm drive.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the training device (1) has a rack (6) or fixing elements (6) for the arms or hands.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the seat (5) is movable on a circular path.
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the seat (5) is coupled to the upper body support element (4) via a joint (7).
- Training device (1) according to claim 10, characterised in that the distance between the seat (5) and the joint (7) can be variably adjusted and fixed.
- Training device (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that telescopic elements for adjusting the distance between the seat (5) and the joint (7) are arranged between the seat (5) and the joint (7).
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the arcuate path of the seat (5) results from a pendulum movement of the seat (5) about the joint (7).
- Training device (1) according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the upper body support element (4) is designed as a backrest or as a side rest or as a rest for the frontal region of the upper body.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102020124398.7A DE102020124398B4 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body |
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EP3970811A1 EP3970811A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
EP3970811B1 true EP3970811B1 (en) | 2025-02-12 |
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EP21196459.8A Active EP3970811B1 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2021-09-14 | Training device for training individual muscle groups in the upper body |
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US (1) | US20220088437A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3970811B1 (en) |
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US9138061B1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2015-09-22 | Joel H. Eisenberg | Seating |
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EP3970811C0 (en) | 2025-02-12 |
EP3970811A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
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