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EP1511665B1 - Dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system - Google Patents

Dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1511665B1
EP1511665B1 EP03712039A EP03712039A EP1511665B1 EP 1511665 B1 EP1511665 B1 EP 1511665B1 EP 03712039 A EP03712039 A EP 03712039A EP 03712039 A EP03712039 A EP 03712039A EP 1511665 B1 EP1511665 B1 EP 1511665B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply system
board power
voltage
motor vehicle
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03712039A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1511665A1 (en
Inventor
Berend Wegner
Thilo Schwertmann
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
    • B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
    • H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system and a method for its control.
  • a method for operating an electrical vehicle electrical system takes into account the state of charge of the vehicle battery and the respective efficiency of the generator. If a critical electrical system condition is detected, individual consumers are switched off or operated with a lower energy input. For example, the electric heater of a vehicle seat can be temporarily switched off or operated only in pulsed mode. It is provided that the electrical consumers are assigned priority levels that indicate a ranking of the shutdown in the event of a critical electrical system condition.
  • the safety-relevant high-current consumer comprises sensors for detecting input variables, a control device for generating an actuating signal and an actuator for converting the actuating signal into an output variable. Furthermore, a device for detecting the voltage level is assigned to the safety-relevant high-current consumer, the data of which is locally available to the control device. If the voltage falls below a limit, the actuator is switched off. It is further provided that at a further limit value, which is greater than the first limit value, first comfort consumers are turned off. This complete shutdown is comparable to the behavior with a total failure due to a voltage dip.
  • the invention is therefore based on the technical problem of creating a motor vehicle electrical system with a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer, in which a total failure is avoided with low structural complexity.
  • the high-current consumer comprises a device for detecting the voltage level of a vehicle electrical system whose data are locally available to the control unit, the control unit in the generation of the control signal, the parameters of the actuator so adapted that a voltage dip of the vehicle electrical system voltage is avoided.
  • the circuitry overhead is reduced to the means for detecting the voltage level of the electrical system and a software engineering adaptation of the control unit software.
  • the adaptation of the parameters takes place locally and autonomously in the high-current consumer and not in an optionally existing vehicle electrical system management control unit. The reason for this is that the communication via a bus system from the on-board network management control unit to the high-current consumer would be too slow.
  • the high current consumer can very quickly detect the effects of his request and counteract by adjusting the parameters of the voltage dip and thus the total failure. Although this may lead to a functional impairment of the high-current consumer, but not to a security-threatening total failure.
  • the high current consumer also responds to single failures, such as a defective battery.
  • single failures such as a defective battery.
  • Such an error can be recognized only with difficulty by the known systems, since first the generator keeps the vehicle electrical system voltage at standard operating level. If it then comes to a dynamic requirement, such as a dynamic steering movement in an electromechanical steering system, the generator voltage breaks down for lack of momentum, since the otherwise buffering battery is missing.
  • the electrical system is taken with decreasing voltage higher current, which further accelerates the burglary. According to the prior art, there would be a sudden failure of the steering when falling below a critical minimum voltage, whereas according to the invention by the graduated Abregelung this is prevented.
  • the voltage level of the electrical system is assigned at least one threshold, which falls below this limit of the vehicle electrical system voltage maximum current gradient of the high current consumer by adjusting the parameters such that a stepped shutdown of the Hochstromverbranchers done without this totally off.
  • the device for detecting the voltage level in the electrical system is integrated in the high-current consumer, wherein the integration preferably takes place in the control unit.
  • the voltage level in the vehicle electrical system is assigned at least one further limit value, below which comfort consumers are switched off.
  • the shutdown of the comfort consumers can be done according to a specified priority list or according to a situational adjusted shutdown priority.
  • a preferred field of application of the invention is the use in an electromechanical steering system.
  • FIGURE shows a schematic block diagram of a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system.
  • the motor vehicle electrical system 1 comprises a generator 2, a battery 3, a battery management control unit 4, comfort consumers 5, 6 and a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer 7.
  • the dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer 7 comprises a sensor 8, a control unit 9, an actuator 10 and the device 11 for detecting the voltage level in the motor vehicle electrical system 1.
  • the battery management control unit 4 About the electrical system line 12, the battery management control unit 4, the comfort consumers 5, 6 and the high-current consumer 7 with the battery 3 and connected via this to the generator 2.
  • a charging line 13 Between battery 3 and generator 2 is a charging line 13 through which the generator 2, the battery 3 loads.
  • the battery management control unit 4, the Comfort consumers 5, 6 and the high-current consumer 7 are also connected to each other via a data bus 14.
  • the battery management control unit 4 likewise comprises a device for detecting the voltage level in the motor vehicle electrical system 1 or else uses the data of the device 11. Falls below a limit for the vehicle electrical system voltage, the battery management control unit 4 switches off the comfort consumers 5, 6 successively or simultaneously and switches them back to certain criteria again when the electrical system state has recovered. The battery management control unit 4 thus performs a central energy management.
  • the sensor 8 detects the high-current load 7 an input that is to be implemented, for example, electromechanical. If the high-current consumer 7 is an electromechanical steering system, a set steering angle is detected by the sensor system 8 and transmitted to the control unit 9. The control unit 9 generates from the transmitted steering angle an actuating signal for the electromotive actuator 10, which then performs the desired steering movement on the tie rods.
  • the electromotive drive of the actuator 10 while high dynamic demands are to be made in order to implement the required steering movements sufficiently quickly. Extremely steep current gradients and high current consumption are required to implement these requirements. In principle, however, other high current consumers 7 are conceivable, which are constructed differently or have no electromotive actuator.
  • the high-current consumer 7 Due to the fact that the high-current consumer 7 is safety-relevant, this must not be turned off. Furthermore, a collapse of the vehicle electrical system voltage is to be prevented, which leads to a functional total failure of the high-current consumer 7.
  • the device 11 continuously detects the vehicle electrical system voltage and supplies this data to the control unit 9. If the vehicle electrical system voltage then falls below a limit value, a stepped shutdown of the high-current consumer 7 takes place, without this switching off completely. In an electromechanical steering system, for example, the steering assistance is reduced, but it is still running a steering function. This adaptation to the vehicle electrical system voltage is carried out in such a way that the electrical system or the current consumption of the high-current consumer, the electrical system is not below a critical Voltage limit falls where a total failure could occur.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer (7) in a motor vehicle electrical system (1). Said consumer comprises sensor equipment (8) for sensing an input variable, a locally situated control unit (9) for generating a control signal and an actuator for converting said control signal into an output variable, a device (11) sensing the voltage condition of the vehicle's electrical system (1) being associated with the high-current consumer (7) and the data of said device being made available to the control unit (9). According to the invention, the control unit (9) adapts the parameters of the actuator (10) during the generation of the control signal, so as to prevent a voltage dip in the voltage of the vehicle electrical system.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen dynamischen, sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbraucher in einem Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz und ein Verfahren zu dessen Ansteuerung.The invention relates to a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system and a method for its control.

Es ist allgemein bekannt, zur Entlastung der Fahrzeugbatterie in kritischen Bordnetzsituationen eine Entlastung des Bordnetzes vorzunehmen, indem eine Reduzierung der elektrischen Verbraucherlast vorgenommen wird.It is generally known to relieve the vehicle battery in critical electrical system situations to relieve the electrical system by reducing the electrical load load is made.

Aus der DE 44 22 329 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Fahrzeugbordnetzes bekannt, das den Ladezustand der Fahrzeugbatterie und den jeweiligen Wirkungsgrad des Generators berücksichtigt. Wird ein kritischer Bordnetzzustand festgestellt, werden einzelne Verbraucher abgeschaltet oder mit einer geringeren Energiezufuhr betrieben. So kann beispielsweise die elektrische Heizung eines Fahrzeugsitzes vorübergehend abgeschaltet oder nur noch im Impulsbetrieb betrieben werden. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass den elektrischen Verbrauchern Prioritätsstufen zugeordnet sind, die eine Rangfolge der Abschaltung im Falle eines kritischen Bordnetzzustandes angeben.From DE 44 22 329 A1 a method for operating an electrical vehicle electrical system is known, which takes into account the state of charge of the vehicle battery and the respective efficiency of the generator. If a critical electrical system condition is detected, individual consumers are switched off or operated with a lower energy input. For example, the electric heater of a vehicle seat can be temporarily switched off or operated only in pulsed mode. It is provided that the electrical consumers are assigned priority levels that indicate a ranking of the shutdown in the event of a critical electrical system condition.

Aus der DE 198 44 512 C1 ist ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Bordnetzbelastung eines Kraftfahrzeuges bekannt, wobei im Falle eines kritischen Bordnetzzustands einzelne elektrische Verbraucher unter Berücksichtigung von den Verbrauchern zugeordneten Abschaltprioritäten abgeschaltet oder mit reduzierter Energie versorgt werden, wobei eine Beurteilung der jeweils aktuellen Betriebssituation erfolgt und den elektrischen Verbrauchern von der Betriebssituation abhängige Abschaltprioritäten zugeordnet werden.From DE 198 44 512 C1, a method for reducing the on-board network load of a motor vehicle is known, wherein in the case of a critical electrical system state individual electrical consumers are switched off under consideration of consumers associated Abschaltprioritäten or supplied with reduced energy, with an assessment of the current operating situation and the electrical consumers of the operating situation dependent shutdown priorities are assigned.

Alle bekannten Verfahren betreffen dabei die Reduzierung der Bordnetzbelastung durch Abschaltung von Komfortverbrauchern, wohingegen die sicherheitsrelevanten Verbraucher jeweils ausdrücklich aus diesen Strategien herausgenommen werden. Zwar profitieren auch die sicherheitsrelevanten Verbraucher von dieser Bordnetzstabilisierung, jedoch bieten diese Verfahren keine Lösung, wenn der sicherheitsrelevante Verbraucher ein dynamischer Hochstromverbraucher ist, dessen Anforderung gerade zum Einbruch des Bordnetzes führen würde. Beispiele für derartige dynamische, sicherheitsrelevante Hochstromverbraucher sind elektromechanische Bremsanlagen oder Lenksysteme, deren elektromotorische Aktuatoren Stromspitzen von bis zu ca. 8.000 A/s abrufen, um die gewünschten Stellsignale schnell umzusetzen. Zum Abpuffern dieser Stromspitzen ist es bereits vorgeschlagen worden, diesen lokale separate Energiespeicher zuzuordnen, die die kurzzeitig angeforderten Stromspitzen übernehmen. Nachteilig daran ist, dass diese zusätzlichen lokalen Energiespeicher zusätzlichen Bauraum beanspruchen und darüber hinaus mit einer eigenen Funktionalitätsüberwachung versehen werden müssen.All known methods relate to the reduction of the electrical system load by switching off comfort consumers, whereas the safety-relevant consumers are explicitly taken out of these strategies. Although the safety-relevant consumers benefit from this on-board network stabilization, however, these methods do not provide a solution if the safety-relevant consumer is a dynamic high-current consumer whose demand would just lead to the burglary of the vehicle electrical system. Examples of such dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumers are electromechanical brake systems or steering systems whose electromotive actuators retrieve current peaks of up to approximately 8,000 A / s in order to quickly implement the desired actuating signals. For buffering these current spikes, it has already been proposed to assign this local separate energy storage, which take over the short-term requested power peaks. The disadvantage of this is that these additional local energy storage claim additional space and beyond must be provided with its own functionality monitoring.

Aus der gattungsgemäßen US 20010027895 A1 ist ein Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz mit einem sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbraucher bekannt, der als elektromechanisches Lenksystem ausgebildet ist. Der sicherheitsrelevante Hochstromverbraucher umfasst hierzu Sensoren zur Erfassung von Eingangsgrößen, ein Steuergerät zur Generierung eines Stellsignals und einen Aktuator zur Umsetzung des Stellsignals in eine Ausgangsgröße. Weiter ist dem sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbraucher eine Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Spannungslage zugeordnet, deren Daten dem Steuergerät lokal zur Verfügung stehen. Unterschreitet die Spannung einen Grenzwert, so wird der Aktuator abgeschaltet. Weiter ist vorgesehen, dass bei einem weiteren Grenzwert, der größer als der erste Grenzwert ist, zunächst Komfortverbraucher abgeschaltet werden. Dieses vollständige Abschalten ist vom Verhalten mit einem Totalausfall durch einen Spannungseinbruch vergleichbar.From the generic US 20010027895 A1 a motor vehicle electrical system with a safety-relevant high-current consumer is known, which is designed as an electromechanical steering system. For this purpose, the safety-relevant high-current consumer comprises sensors for detecting input variables, a control device for generating an actuating signal and an actuator for converting the actuating signal into an output variable. Furthermore, a device for detecting the voltage level is assigned to the safety-relevant high-current consumer, the data of which is locally available to the control device. If the voltage falls below a limit, the actuator is switched off. It is further provided that at a further limit value, which is greater than the first limit value, first comfort consumers are turned off. This complete shutdown is comparable to the behavior with a total failure due to a voltage dip.

Der Erfindung liegt daher das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz mit einem dynamischen, sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbraucher zu schaffen, bei dem bei geringem baulichen Aufwand ein Totalausfall vermieden wird.The invention is therefore based on the technical problem of creating a motor vehicle electrical system with a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer, in which a total failure is avoided with low structural complexity.

Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch die Gegenstände mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 6. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The solution of the technical problem results from the objects with the features of claims 1 and 6. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Hierzu umfasst der Hochstromverbraucher eine Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Spannungslage eines Bordnetzes, deren Daten dem Steuergerät lokal zur Verfügung stehen, wobei das Steuergerät bei der Generierung des Stellsignals die Parameter des Aktuators derart anpasst, dass ein Spannungseinbruch der Bordnetzspannung vermieden wird. Hierdurch kann auf separate Energiespeicher verzichtet werden, wobei der schaltungstechnische Mehraufwand sich auf die Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Spannungslage des Bordnetzes reduziert sowie eine softwaretechnische Anpassung der Steuergerätesoftware. Dabei erfolgt die Anpassung der Parameter lokal und autark im Hochstromverbraucher und nicht in einem gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Bordnetzmanagement-Steuergerät. Der Grund hierfür liegt darin, dass die Kommunikation über ein Bussystem von dem Bordnetzmanagement-Steuergerät zu dem Hochstromverbraucher zu langsam wäre. Durch die direkte Auswertung der Bordnetzspannung kann der Hochstromverbraucher sehr schnell die Auswirkungen seiner Anforderung erfassen und durch Anpassung der Parameter dem Spannungseinbruch und somit dem Totalausfall entgegenwirken. Dabei kommt es zwar gegebenenfalls zu einer Funktionsbeeinträchtigung des Hochstromverbrauchers, jedoch nicht zu einem sicherheitsgefährdenden Totalausfall.For this purpose, the high-current consumer comprises a device for detecting the voltage level of a vehicle electrical system whose data are locally available to the control unit, the control unit in the generation of the control signal, the parameters of the actuator so adapted that a voltage dip of the vehicle electrical system voltage is avoided. As a result, can be dispensed with separate energy storage, the circuitry overhead is reduced to the means for detecting the voltage level of the electrical system and a software engineering adaptation of the control unit software. The adaptation of the parameters takes place locally and autonomously in the high-current consumer and not in an optionally existing vehicle electrical system management control unit. The reason for this is that the communication via a bus system from the on-board network management control unit to the high-current consumer would be too slow. By the direct evaluation of the Vehicle electrical system voltage, the high current consumer can very quickly detect the effects of his request and counteract by adjusting the parameters of the voltage dip and thus the total failure. Although this may lead to a functional impairment of the high-current consumer, but not to a security-threatening total failure.

Des Weiteren reagiert der Hochstromverbraucher auch auf Einfachfehler, wie beispielsweise eine defekte Batterie. Ein derartiger Fehler kann von den bekannten Systemen nur schwer erkannt werden, da zunächst der Generator die Bordnetzspannung auf Norm-Betriebsniveau hält. Kommt es dann zu einer dynamischen Anforderung, beispielsweise einer dynamischen Lenkbewegung bei einem elektromechanischen Lenksystem, bricht die Generatorspannung mangels Dynamik ein, da die ansonsten puffernde Batterie fehlt. Insbesondere bei leistungsgeregelten Ansteuerungen, wie beispielsweise bei elektromechanischen Lenksystemen, wird dem Bordnetz bei fallender Spannung höherer Strom entnommen, was den Einbruch weiter beschleunigt. Gemäß dem Stand der Technik käme es zu einem schlagartigen Ausfall der Lenkung bei Unterschreitung einer kritischen Mindestspannung, wohingegen erfindungsgemäß durch die abgestufte Abregelung dies verhindert wird.Furthermore, the high current consumer also responds to single failures, such as a defective battery. Such an error can be recognized only with difficulty by the known systems, since first the generator keeps the vehicle electrical system voltage at standard operating level. If it then comes to a dynamic requirement, such as a dynamic steering movement in an electromechanical steering system, the generator voltage breaks down for lack of momentum, since the otherwise buffering battery is missing. Especially with power-controlled controls, such as in electromechanical steering systems, the electrical system is taken with decreasing voltage higher current, which further accelerates the burglary. According to the prior art, there would be a sudden failure of the steering when falling below a critical minimum voltage, whereas according to the invention by the graduated Abregelung this is prevented.

Hierzu wird der Spannungslage des Bordnetzes mindestens ein Grenzwert zugeordnet, wobei bei Unterschreitung dieses Grenzwertes der Bordnetzspannung die maximale Stromaufnahme und der maximale Stromgradient des Hochstromverbrauchers durch die Anpassung der Parameter derart begrenzt ,dass eine gestufte Abschaltung des Hochstromverbranchers erfolgt, ohne diesen total abzuschalten. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Spannungslage im Bordnetz in den Hochstromverbraucher integriert, wobei die Integration vorzugsweise im Steuergerät erfolgt.For this purpose, the voltage level of the electrical system is assigned at least one threshold, which falls below this limit of the vehicle electrical system voltage maximum current gradient of the high current consumer by adjusting the parameters such that a stepped shutdown of the Hochstromverbranchers done without this totally off. In a preferred embodiment, the device for detecting the voltage level in the electrical system is integrated in the high-current consumer, wherein the integration preferably takes place in the control unit.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Spannungslage im Bordnetz mindestens ein weiterer Grenzwert zugeordnet, bei dessen Unterschreitung Komfortverbraucher abgeschaltet werden. Die Abschaltung der Komfortverbraucher kann dabei nach einer festgelegten Prioritätsliste oder nach einer situativ angepassten Abschaltpriorität erfolgen.In a further preferred embodiment, the voltage level in the vehicle electrical system is assigned at least one further limit value, below which comfort consumers are switched off. The shutdown of the comfort consumers can be done according to a specified priority list or according to a situational adjusted shutdown priority.

Ein bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung ist der Einsatz in einem elektromechanischen Lenksystem.A preferred field of application of the invention is the use in an electromechanical steering system.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines dynamischen, sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbrauchers in einem Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment. The single FIGURE shows a schematic block diagram of a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system.

Das Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz 1 umfasst einen Generator 2, eine Batterie 3, ein Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4, Komfortverbraucher 5, 6 und einen dynamischen, sicherheitsrelevanten Hochstromverbraucher 7. Der dynamische, sicherheitsrelevante Hochstromverbraucher 7 umfasst eine Sensorik 8, ein Steuergerät 9, einen Aktuator 10 und eine Einrichtung 11 zur Erfassung der Spannungslage im Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz 1. Über die Bordnetzleitung 12 sind das Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4, die Komfortverbraucher 5, 6 und der Hochstromverbraucher 7 mit der Batterie 3 und über diese mit dem Generator 2 verbunden. Zwischen Batterie 3 und Generator 2 liegt eine Ladeleitung 13, über die der Generator 2 die Batterie 3 lädt. Das Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4, die Komfortverbraucher 5, 6 und der Hochstromverbraucher 7 sind darüber hinaus über einen Datenbus 14 miteinander verbunden.The motor vehicle electrical system 1 comprises a generator 2, a battery 3, a battery management control unit 4, comfort consumers 5, 6 and a dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer 7. The dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer 7 comprises a sensor 8, a control unit 9, an actuator 10 and the device 11 for detecting the voltage level in the motor vehicle electrical system 1. About the electrical system line 12, the battery management control unit 4, the comfort consumers 5, 6 and the high-current consumer 7 with the battery 3 and connected via this to the generator 2. Between battery 3 and generator 2 is a charging line 13 through which the generator 2, the battery 3 loads. The battery management control unit 4, the Comfort consumers 5, 6 and the high-current consumer 7 are also connected to each other via a data bus 14.

Das Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4 umfasst ebenfalls eine Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Spannungslage im Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz 1 oder greift aber auf die Daten der Einrichtung 11 zurück. Bei Unterschreitung eines Grenzwertes für die Bordnetzspannung schaltet das Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4 die Komfortverbraucher 5, 6 sukzessive oder gleichzeitig ab und schaltet diese nach bestimmten Kriterien wieder zu, wenn sich der Bordnetzzustand wieder erholt hat. Das Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4 führt also ein zentrales Energiemanagement durch.The battery management control unit 4 likewise comprises a device for detecting the voltage level in the motor vehicle electrical system 1 or else uses the data of the device 11. Falls below a limit for the vehicle electrical system voltage, the battery management control unit 4 switches off the comfort consumers 5, 6 successively or simultaneously and switches them back to certain criteria again when the electrical system state has recovered. The battery management control unit 4 thus performs a central energy management.

Bevor das Energiemanagement des Hochstromverbrauchers erläutert wird, soll zunächst kurz die Funktionsweise kurz erläutert werden. Über die Sensorik 8 erfasst der Hochstromverbraucher 7 eine Eingangsgröße, die beispielsweise elektromechanisch umgesetzt werden soll. Handelt es sich bei dem Hochstromverbraucher 7 um ein elektromechanisches Lenksystem, so wird über die Sensorik 8 ein eingeschlagener Lenkwinkel erfasst und an das Steuergerät 9 übermittelt. Das Steuergerät 9 generiert aus dem übermittelten Lenkwinkel ein Stellsignal für den elektromotorischen Aktuator 10, der dann an den Spurstangen die gewünschte Lenkbewegung durchführt. An den elektromotorischen Antrieb des Aktuators 10 sind dabei hohe Dynamikanforderungen zu stellen, um ausreichend schnell die geforderten Lenkbewegungen umzusetzen. Hierzu werden extrem steile Stromgradienten und hohe Stromaufnahmen benötigt, um diese Anforderungen umzusetzen. Prinzipiell sind jedoch auch andere Hochstromverbraucher 7 denkbar, die anders aufgebaut sind bzw. keinen elektromotorischen Aktuator besitzen.Before explaining the energy management of the high-current consumer, briefly briefly describe the functionality. About the sensor 8 detects the high-current load 7 an input that is to be implemented, for example, electromechanical. If the high-current consumer 7 is an electromechanical steering system, a set steering angle is detected by the sensor system 8 and transmitted to the control unit 9. The control unit 9 generates from the transmitted steering angle an actuating signal for the electromotive actuator 10, which then performs the desired steering movement on the tie rods. At the electromotive drive of the actuator 10 while high dynamic demands are to be made in order to implement the required steering movements sufficiently quickly. Extremely steep current gradients and high current consumption are required to implement these requirements. In principle, however, other high current consumers 7 are conceivable, which are constructed differently or have no electromotive actuator.

Aufgrund des Umstandes, dass der Hochstromverbraucher 7 sicherheitsrelevant ist, darf dieser nicht abgeschaltet werden. Des weiteren ist ein Zusammenbruch der Bordnetzspannung zu verhindern, bei der es zu einem funktionalen Totalausfall des Hochstromverbrauchers 7 kommt.Due to the fact that the high-current consumer 7 is safety-relevant, this must not be turned off. Furthermore, a collapse of the vehicle electrical system voltage is to be prevented, which leads to a functional total failure of the high-current consumer 7.

Hierzu erfasst die Einrichtung 11 kontinuierlich die Bordnetzspannung und liefert diese Daten an das Steuergerät 9. Unterschreitet dann die Bordnetzspannung einen Grenzwert, so erfolgt eine gestufte Abschaltung des Hochstromverbrauchers 7, ohne diesen total abzuschalten. Bei einem elektromechanischen Lenksystem wird dabei beispielsweise die Lenkunterstützung reduziert, aber es wird weiterhin eine Lenkfunktion ausgeführt. Diese Anpassung an die Bordnetzspannung erfolgt dabei derart, dass durch den Stromgradienten bzw. die Stromaufnahme des Hochstromverbrauchers das Bordnetz nicht unter eine kritische Spannungsgrenze fällt, wo ein Totalausfall erfolgen könnte. Bei dem beschriebenen Beispiel elektromechanisches Lenksystem kann diese Reduzierung jedoch nur indirekt erfolgen, indem auf die System- und Lenkparameter, wie beispielsweise Unterstützungskennlinie, Gradient Motormoment, maximales Motormoment im Steuergerät eingewirkt wird, um den maximalen Stromgradienten bzw. die Stromaufnahme des Aktuators 10 zu reduzieren. Aufgrund der lokalen und autarken Reaktion des Hochstromverbrauchers kann dieser im ms-Bereich auf Änderungen der Bordnetzspannung reagieren. Somit kann auch ausreichend schnell auf zuvor nicht erkannte defizitäre Bordnetzzustände, beispielsweise aufgrund einer defekten Ladeleitung 13 oder einer defekten Batterie, ausreichend schnell reagiert werden. Eine abgestufte Abschaltung des Hochstromverbrauchers 7 kann von dem Steuergerät 9 dem Batterie-Management-Steuergerät 4 mitgeteilt werden, das dann ergänzend Maßnahmen zur Bordnetzstabilisierung treffen kann.For this purpose, the device 11 continuously detects the vehicle electrical system voltage and supplies this data to the control unit 9. If the vehicle electrical system voltage then falls below a limit value, a stepped shutdown of the high-current consumer 7 takes place, without this switching off completely. In an electromechanical steering system, for example, the steering assistance is reduced, but it is still running a steering function. This adaptation to the vehicle electrical system voltage is carried out in such a way that the electrical system or the current consumption of the high-current consumer, the electrical system is not below a critical Voltage limit falls where a total failure could occur. In the example electromechanical steering system described, however, this reduction can only take place indirectly, by acting on the system and steering parameters, such as support characteristic, gradient engine torque, maximum engine torque in the control unit in order to reduce the maximum current gradient or current consumption of the actuator 10. Due to the local and self-sufficient response of the high-current consumer, it can react in the ms range to changes in the vehicle electrical system voltage. Thus, it is also possible to react sufficiently quickly to previously unrecognized deficient electrical system states, for example due to a defective charging line 13 or a defective battery. A graduated shutdown of the high-current consumer 7 can be communicated by the control unit 9 to the battery management control unit 4, which can then take additional measures for on-board network stabilization.

Claims (6)

  1. Motor vehicle on-board power supply system having a dynamic, safety-relevant heavy-current load, which comprises a sensor system for detection of an input variable, a controller for generation of an actuating signal and an actuator for conversion of the actuating signal to an output variable, with the heavy-current load (7) having an associated device (11) for detection of the voltage level of the motor vehicle on-board power supply system (1), whose data is locally available to the controller (9), with the controller (9) having means which are used to match the parameters of the actuator (10) for the generation of the actuating signal in such a manner that a voltage dip is avoided in the on-board power supply system voltage,
    characterized in that
    the voltage level of the on-board power supply system (1) has at least one associated limit value, with means being provided by means of which, if the first limit value of the on-board power supply system voltage is undershot, the maximum current consumption and the maximum current gradient of the actuator (10) are limited by matching of the parameters, in such a manner that the heavy-current load is disconnected in a graduated manner, without having to disconnect it totally.
  2. Motor vehicle on-board power supply system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device (11) for detection of the voltage level in the on-board power supply system (1) is integrated in the heavy-current load (7).
  3. Motor vehicle on-board power supply system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the voltage level in the on-board power supply system (1) has at least one further associated limit value, with convenience loads being disconnected when this limit value is undershot.
  4. Motor vehicle on-board power supply system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the further limit value is higher than the first limit value.
  5. Motor vehicle on-board power supply system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dynamic, safety-relevant heavy-current load (7) is in the form of an electromechanical steering system.
  6. Method for driving a heavy-current load in a motor vehicle on-board power supply system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the on-board power supply system voltage is detected continuously by means of the device (11) for detection of the voltage level of the on-board power supply system (1), and the controller (9) matches the parameters of the actuator (10) for the generation of the actuating signal, in such a manner that a voltage dip is avoided in the on-board power supply system voltage, with the voltage level of the on-board power supply system (1) having at least one associated limit value, with the maximum current consumption and the maximum current gradient of the actuator (10) being limited by matching of the parameters if the first limit value of the on-board power supply system voltage is undershot, in such a manner that the heavy-current load is disconnected in a graduated manner, without having to disconnect it totally.
EP03712039A 2002-05-28 2003-03-17 Dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system Expired - Lifetime EP1511665B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10224388A DE10224388A1 (en) 2002-05-28 2002-05-28 Dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle
DE10224388 2002-05-28
PCT/EP2003/002762 WO2003099633A1 (en) 2002-05-28 2003-03-17 Dynamic, safety-relevant high-current consumer in a motor vehicle electrical system

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EP1511665A1 EP1511665A1 (en) 2005-03-09
EP1511665B1 true EP1511665B1 (en) 2007-01-03

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AT (1) ATE350264T1 (en)
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WO2003099633A1 (en) 2003-12-04
EP1511665A1 (en) 2005-03-09
ATE350264T1 (en) 2007-01-15
DE10224388A1 (en) 2003-12-11
DE50306195D1 (en) 2007-02-15

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