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EP1465024A1 - Bi-axial tourbillon for timepieces, especially for wristwatches - Google Patents

Bi-axial tourbillon for timepieces, especially for wristwatches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1465024A1
EP1465024A1 EP04006462A EP04006462A EP1465024A1 EP 1465024 A1 EP1465024 A1 EP 1465024A1 EP 04006462 A EP04006462 A EP 04006462A EP 04006462 A EP04006462 A EP 04006462A EP 1465024 A1 EP1465024 A1 EP 1465024A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cage
axis
tourbillon
pinion
axial
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04006462A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1465024B1 (en
Inventor
Franck Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franck Mueller Watchland SA
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Franck Mueller Watchland SA
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Application filed by Franck Mueller Watchland SA filed Critical Franck Mueller Watchland SA
Publication of EP1465024A1 publication Critical patent/EP1465024A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1465024B1 publication Critical patent/EP1465024B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels

Definitions

  • the walking of a room is not the same when it is in a vertical position or in a horizontal position.
  • a pocket watch can be set fairly easily since it is placed most of the time in vertical position. The adjustment made in this position can be easily achieved, and it will be possible to stay at a variation from 0 to 1 second per day.
  • we place the pocket watch in horizontal position say put for example on a table, we will notice that the variation in walking will then be around 10 seconds per day.
  • a wristwatch is generally worn in horizontal position. However, depending on the wearer, the average position of the watch may vary considerably. If therefore it is settled in a horizontal position, it may, in some case, show a relatively gait variation important.
  • the object of the present invention is to remove this drawback and offer to equip a timepiece with a bi-axial tourbillon operating along two perpendicular axes.
  • the bi-axial vortex for parts of watchmaking is characterized in that it comprises a first cage containing the balance wheel and the exhaust pinion, the cage rotating along an axis, and being housed inside a second mounted cage the second cage rotates in housings performing its rotation along another axis perpendicular to the axis of the first cage.
  • the cage containing the pendulum has a seconds pinion with teeth, which engages with a fixed gear wheel integral with the plate of the timepiece.
  • the pinion of seconds and the pendulum axis can have a common axis corresponding to the axis of rotation of the cage.
  • the tourbillon has a second cage driven by the pinion integral with the wheel center along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the first cage.
  • the operation of the bi-axial tourbillon can be combined with a display mechanism downshifting indicating on a linear scale adjacent to the tourbillon the second or the time in minutes required for a full rotation of the whirlwind.
  • the drawing shows, for example, a mode of execution of a bi-axial vortex, object of the invention.
  • the bi-axial vortex described opposite Figures 1 to 3 of the drawing includes a tourbillon cage conventional A placed in another cage B which itself rotates on two pivots 1 and 2.
  • the cage tourbillon A rotates in rotation on the C axis at the very interior of cage B. Taken independently, cage A turns freely in cage B.
  • the 3 seconds pinion of the tourbillon cage A is extended outside the cage. He engenders with the mean wheel 4 (figure 2) which is integral with plate 5, therefore fixed. The rotation of the outer cage B is therefore carried out by the pinion of seconds 3 which rotates said cage on pivots 1 and 2.
  • FIG 3 the cage is shown and its drive mechanism, as well as part of the regulating system, according to a cut by the common axis A1 cage and pendulum.
  • the regulating system of the wristwatch including the pendulum 10 and the exhaust pinion 11, is housed in a cage A, whose upper deck has a pinion of seconds 13 itself provided with a toothing 14 which drives with the fixed wheel 4.
  • This cage A is fixed rotatably on a plate 15 which is secured to the second wheel 16 which engages with pinion 11.
  • the cage B is rotatably mounted between two ice stones 17 and 18 arranged in the accommodation provided for this purpose.
  • the axis of rotation of the pinion 20 is the axis A2.
  • the tourbillon along one axis is the watch of pocket what the vortex of Figures 1 to 3 is at the wristwatch. That is, if the first smooths setting errors in position vertical, the second aims to smooth the vertical position adjustment errors and horizontal.
  • a tourbillon The purpose of a tourbillon is to smooth all walking errors in position vertical of the watch (generally pocket watch). When we put a tourbillon on a wristwatch, the average position when worn is horizontal. In this position, the vortex has no power over watch running. This is why the whirlwind biaxial of Figures 1 to 3 smooths the errors of works in any position since it rotates on two axes, both vertical and horizontal.
  • Bi-axial tourbillon can be combined with a second display and / or a display corresponding to the full rotation time on a linear scale ranging from 1 to 8 minutes.
  • the above mentioned displays will advantageously carried out by means of a mechanism downshift display described in the patent Swiss N ° .. (D 0535/03) in the name of the holder.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)

Abstract

The tourbillion has a box (A) including a pendulum (10) and a releasing pinion (11), where the box (A) makes its rotation relative to an axis (A1) that is in coincides with the pendulum axis. The box (A) is lodged in an interior of another box (B) that making its rotation relative to an axis (A2) perpendicular to the axis (A1). The box (A) has another pinion (13) provided with set of tooth.

Description

En fonctionnement, la marche d'une pièce d'horlogerie n'est pas la même lorsque celle-ci est en position verticale ou en position horizontale. Une montre de poche peut par exemple être réglée assez facilement car elle est placée la plupart du temps en position verticale. Le réglage effectué dans cette position pourra être réalisé facilement, et il sera possible de rester à une variation de 0 à 1 seconde par jour. En revanche, si l'on place la montre de poche en position horizontale, c'est à dire posée par exemple sur une table, on remarquera que la variation de marche sera alors d'environ 10 secondes par jour.In operation, the walking of a room is not the same when it is in a vertical position or in a horizontal position. For example, a pocket watch can be set fairly easily since it is placed most of the time in vertical position. The adjustment made in this position can be easily achieved, and it will be possible to stay at a variation from 0 to 1 second per day. However, if we place the pocket watch in horizontal position, say put for example on a table, we will notice that the variation in walking will then be around 10 seconds per day.

Une montre-bracelet est en général portée en position horizontale. Cependant, suivant le porteur, la position moyenne de la montre peut varier considérablement. Si par conséquent elle est réglée en position horizontale, elle pourra, dans certains cas, montrer une variation de marche relativement importante.A wristwatch is generally worn in horizontal position. However, depending on the wearer, the average position of the watch may vary considerably. If therefore it is settled in a horizontal position, it may, in some case, show a relatively gait variation important.

Le but de la présente invention est de supprimer cet inconvénient et de proposer d'équiper une pièce d'horlogerie avec un tourbillon bi-axial fonctionnant selon deux axes perpendiculaires.The object of the present invention is to remove this drawback and offer to equip a timepiece with a bi-axial tourbillon operating along two perpendicular axes.

Le tourbillon bi-axial pour pièces d'horlogerie, notamment pour montre-bracelet, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première cage contenant le balancier et le pignon d'échappement, la cage effectuant sa rotation selon un axe, et étant logée à l'intérieur d'une deuxième cage montée rotativement dans des logements, la deuxième cage effectuant sa rotation selon un autre axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de la première cage.The bi-axial vortex for parts of watchmaking, especially for a wristwatch, is characterized in that it comprises a first cage containing the balance wheel and the exhaust pinion, the cage rotating along an axis, and being housed inside a second mounted cage the second cage rotates in housings performing its rotation along another axis perpendicular to the axis of the first cage.

La cage contenant le balancier présente un pignon de secondes muni d'une denture, laquelle engraine avec une roue dentée fixe solidaire de la platine de la pièce d'horlogerie. Le pignon des secondes et l'axe du balancier peuvent présenter un axe commun correspondant à l'axe de rotation de la cage.The cage containing the pendulum has a seconds pinion with teeth, which engages with a fixed gear wheel integral with the plate of the timepiece. The pinion of seconds and the pendulum axis can have a common axis corresponding to the axis of rotation of the cage.

Le tourbillon présente une deuxième cage engrainée par le pignon solidaire de la roue de centre selon un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de la première cage. The tourbillon has a second cage driven by the pinion integral with the wheel center along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the first cage.

Le fonctionnement du tourbillon bi-axial peut être combiné avec un mécanisme d'affichage rétrogradant indiquant sur une échelle linéaire adjacente au tourbillon la seconde ou le temps en minutes nécessaire à une rotation complète du tourbillon.The operation of the bi-axial tourbillon can be combined with a display mechanism downshifting indicating on a linear scale adjacent to the tourbillon the second or the time in minutes required for a full rotation of the whirlwind.

Le dessin représente, à titre d'exemple, un mode d'exécution d'un tourbillon bi-axial, objet de l'invention.The drawing shows, for example, a mode of execution of a bi-axial vortex, object of the invention.

Dans le dessin :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un tourbillon bi-axial,
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du tourbillon de la figure 1 monté sur la platine d'une montre,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe du tourbillon des figures 1 et 2 selon l'axe du balancier.
In the drawing:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bi-axial vortex,
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the tourbillon of FIG. 1 mounted on the plate of a watch,
  • Figure 3 is a section of the tourbillon of Figures 1 and 2 along the axis of the balance.

Le tourbillon bi-axial décrit ci-dessus en regard des figures 1 à 3 du dessin a été développé pour une montre-bracelet. Cette utilisation n'est cependant pas limitative, et le tourbillon peut être utilisé pour équiper des montres de poche ou des pendulettes. The bi-axial vortex described above in look of figures 1 to 3 of the drawing has been developed for a wristwatch. This use is not however not limiting, and the vortex can be used to equip pocket watches or clocks.

Lors du fonctionnement d'une pièce d'horlogerie, on constate que la variation de la marche de la pièce n'est pas la même en position verticale qu'en position horizontale. Si un réglage du balancier est effectué en position horizontale et que la pièce d'horlogerie reste dans cette position, on pourra atteindre une variation de marche de 0 à une seconde par jour. Si l'on place la pièce d'horlogerie en position verticale, la variation pourra alors atteindre environ 10 secondes par jour. L'homme de l'art comprend immédiatement que l'utilisation d'un tourbillon qui tourne sur deux axes permettra de remédier à cette différence de marche.During the operation of a part of watchmaking, we see that the variation in work step is not the same in position vertical than in horizontal position. If a setting of the pendulum is carried out in a horizontal position and that the timepiece remains in this position, we can reach a step variation from 0 to one second a day. If we place the piece watchmaking in vertical position, the variation can then reach around 10 seconds per day. Those skilled in the art immediately understand that the use of a whirlwind which turns on two axes will remedy this difference of market.

Le tourbillon bi-axial décrit en regard des figures 1 à 3 du dessin comprend une cage-tourbillon conventionnelle A placée dans une autre cage B qui elle-même tourne sur deux pivots 1 et 2. La cage tourbillon A pivote en rotation sur l'axe C à l'intérieur même de la cage B. Prise indépendamment, la cage A tourne librement dans la cage B.The bi-axial vortex described opposite Figures 1 to 3 of the drawing includes a tourbillon cage conventional A placed in another cage B which itself rotates on two pivots 1 and 2. The cage tourbillon A rotates in rotation on the C axis at the very interior of cage B. Taken independently, cage A turns freely in cage B.

Le pignon de secondes 3 de la cage tourbillon A est prolongé en dehors de la cage. I1 engraine avec la roue de moyenne 4 (figure 2) qui est solidaire de la platine 5, donc fixe. La rotation de la cage extérieure B est donc effectuée par le pignon de secondes 3 qui fait tourner ladite cage sur les pivots 1 et 2.The 3 seconds pinion of the tourbillon cage A is extended outside the cage. He engenders with the mean wheel 4 (figure 2) which is integral with plate 5, therefore fixed. The rotation of the outer cage B is therefore carried out by the pinion of seconds 3 which rotates said cage on pivots 1 and 2.

Dans la figure 3, on a représenté la cage et son mécanisme d'entraínement, ainsi qu'une partie du système réglant, selon une coupe par l'axe commun A1 de la cage et du balancier. Le système réglant de la montre-bracelet comprenant le balancier 10 et le pignon d'échappement 11, est logé dans une cage A, dont le pont supérieur présente un pignon de secondes 13 muni lui-même d'une denture 14 laquelle engraine avec la roue fixe 4. Cette cage A est fixée de manière rotative sur un plateau 15 qui est solidaire de la roue de seconde 16 laquelle engraine avec le pignon 11. La cage B est montée rotativement entre deux pierres-glaces 17 et 18 disposées dans les logements prévus à cet effet. L'axe de rotation du pignon 20 est l'axe A2.In Figure 3, the cage is shown and its drive mechanism, as well as part of the regulating system, according to a cut by the common axis A1 cage and pendulum. The regulating system of the wristwatch including the pendulum 10 and the exhaust pinion 11, is housed in a cage A, whose upper deck has a pinion of seconds 13 itself provided with a toothing 14 which drives with the fixed wheel 4. This cage A is fixed rotatably on a plate 15 which is secured to the second wheel 16 which engages with pinion 11. The cage B is rotatably mounted between two ice stones 17 and 18 arranged in the accommodation provided for this purpose. The axis of rotation of the pinion 20 is the axis A2.

En fonctionnement, il en résulte ceci :

  • Une rotation autour de l'axe A1 par l'engrainement du pignon 13 et la roue fixe 4.
  • Une rotation autour de l'axe A2 par l'engrainement du pignon 20 solidaire de la cage B et de la roue de centre 23.
In operation, this results in:
  • A rotation around the axis A1 by the drive of the pinion 13 and the fixed wheel 4.
  • A rotation around the axis A2 by the drive of the pinion 20 secured to the cage B and the center wheel 23.

Le mouvement résultant de ces deux rotations qui s'exécutent simultanément s'étend dans un espace à trois dimensions par rapport à un système de référence fixe.The movement resulting from these two rotations that run simultaneously spans a space three-dimensional compared to a system of fixed reference.

Le tourbillon selon un axe est à la montre de poche ce que le tourbillon des figures 1 à 3 est à la montre-bracelet. C'est à dire que si le premier lisse les erreurs de réglage dans la position verticale, le second a pour but de lisser les erreurs de réglage des positions verticale et horizontale.The tourbillon along one axis is the watch of pocket what the vortex of Figures 1 to 3 is at the wristwatch. That is, if the first smooths setting errors in position vertical, the second aims to smooth the vertical position adjustment errors and horizontal.

La raison d'être d'un tourbillon est de lisser toutes les erreurs de marche dans la position verticale de la montre (en général montre de poche). Lorsqu'on met un tourbillon sur une montre-bracelet, la position moyenne au porté est horizontale. Dans cette position, le tourbillon n'a aucun pouvoir sur la marche de la montre. C'est pourquoi le tourbillon bi-axial des figures 1 à 3 lisse les erreurs de marche dans toutes les position étant donné qu'il tourne sur deux axes, autant vertical qu'horizontal.The purpose of a tourbillon is to smooth all walking errors in position vertical of the watch (generally pocket watch). When we put a tourbillon on a wristwatch, the average position when worn is horizontal. In this position, the vortex has no power over watch running. This is why the whirlwind biaxial of Figures 1 to 3 smooths the errors of works in any position since it rotates on two axes, both vertical and horizontal.

Le tourbillon bi-axial qui vient d'être décrit sera placé sous le cadran, et son fonctionnement selon les deux axes A1 et A2 pourra être examiné par l'utilisateur. Le tourbillon effectue une rotation complète en 8 minutes, et l'examen de son fonctionnement est intéressant et plaisant. Le tourbillon bi-axial peut être combiné avec un affichage de la seconde ou /et un affichage correspondant à la durée de rotation complète sur une échelle linéaire allant de 1 à 8 minutes. Les affichages mentionnés ci-dessus seront avantageusement effectués au moyen d'un mécanisme d'affichage rétrogradant décrit dans le brevet suisse N° .. ( D 0535/03) au nom du titulaire.The bi-axial vortex which has just been described will be placed under the dial, and its operation along the two axes A1 and A2 may be reviewed by the user. The whirlwind performs a full rotation in 8 minutes, and the review of its operation is interesting and pleasant. Bi-axial tourbillon can be combined with a second display and / or a display corresponding to the full rotation time on a linear scale ranging from 1 to 8 minutes. The above mentioned displays will advantageously carried out by means of a mechanism downshift display described in the patent Swiss N ° .. (D 0535/03) in the name of the holder.

Claims (5)

Tourbillon bi-axial pour pièce d'horlogerie, notamment montre-bracelet, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première cage (A) contenant le balancier (10) et le pignon d'échappement (11), la cage (A) étant logée à l'intérieur d'une deuxième cage (B) montée rotativement dans des segments (17,18), la cage (B) effectuant sa rotation selon un axe (A2) perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation de la première cage (A1).Bi-axial tourbillon for a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, characterized in that it comprises a first cage (A) containing the balance (10) and the escapement pinion (11), the cage (A) being housed inside a second cage (B) rotatably mounted in segments (17,18), the cage (B) rotating along an axis (A2) perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first cage ( A1). Tourbillon bi-axial selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cage (A) présente un pignon de secondes (13) muni d'une denture (14), laquelle engraine avec une roue dentée fixe (4) solidaire de la platine de la pièce d'horlogerie.Bi-axial tourbillon according to claim 1, characterized in that the cage (A) has a seconds pinion (13) provided with a toothing (14), which engages with a fixed toothed wheel (4) integral with the plate the timepiece. Tourbillon bi-axial selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le pignon de secondes (13) et l'axe de balancier correspondent à l'axe de rotation (A1) de la cage (A)Bi-axial tourbillon according to claim 2, characterized in that the seconds pinion (13) and the balance axis correspond to the axis of rotation (A1) of the cage (A) Tourbillon bi-axial selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième cage (B) est engrainée par un pignon (20) solidaire de la roue de centre (23) selon l'axe (A2).Bi-axial tourbillon according to claim 1, characterized in that the second cage (B) is driven by a pinion (20) integral with the center wheel (23) along the axis (A2). Tourbillon bi-axial selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que son fonctionnement est combiné avec un mécanisme d'affichage rétrogradant indiquant sur une échelle linéaire adjacente au tourbillon la seconde et /ou le temps en minutes nécessaire à une rotation complète du tourbillon.Bi-axial tourbillon according to claim 1, characterized in that its operation is combined with a retrograde display mechanism indicating on a linear scale adjacent to the tourbillon the second and / or the time in minutes necessary for a complete rotation of the tourbillon.
EP04006462A 2003-04-03 2004-03-18 Bi-axial tourbillon for timepieces, especially for wristwatches Expired - Lifetime EP1465024B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00590/03A CH697459B1 (en) 2003-04-03 2003-04-03 Bi-axial Tourbillon watch movement to include wristwatch.
CH5902003 2003-04-03

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1465024A1 true EP1465024A1 (en) 2004-10-06
EP1465024B1 EP1465024B1 (en) 2006-10-18

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EP (1) EP1465024B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004309482A (en)
CN (1) CN100483270C (en)
AT (1) ATE343160T1 (en)
CH (1) CH697459B1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004002796T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2277165T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2343523C2 (en)
SG (1) SG137670A1 (en)

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WO2005015322A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-02-17 Markus Moll Oscillating rotation for pieces of jewelry and tourbillon cages of tourbillon clock mechanisms
EP1686435A2 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 Richemont International S.A. Timepiece comprising a tourbillon
US7160026B2 (en) * 2004-03-09 2007-01-09 Franck Muller Watchland S.A. Tri-axial tourbillon for a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch
EP1744229A1 (en) 2005-07-13 2007-01-17 Les Artisans Horlogers Sàrl Timepiece
US7350966B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2008-04-01 Montres Breguet Sa Watch including at least two regulating systems
US7527423B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2009-05-05 Montres Breguet Sa Watch comprising two tourbillons
CH707240A1 (en) * 2012-11-27 2014-05-30 Bulgari Horlogerie S A watch movement provided with a rotary three-dimensional element and hollow.
US9568887B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2017-02-14 Seiko Instruments Inc. Operation stabilizing mechanism, movement, and mechanical timepiece
EP3599517A1 (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-01-29 Harry Winston SA Timepiece retrograde tourbillon or karussel

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EP3588200B1 (en) * 2018-06-29 2021-10-06 Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH Tourbillion with zero reset mechanism
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EP3770694B1 (en) * 2019-07-23 2021-12-08 Omega SA Timepiece stop-cage comprising two elastic stopping elements
EP3770695B1 (en) * 2019-07-23 2022-01-12 Omega SA Timepiece stop-cage with blade for stopping the cage
RU2716829C1 (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-03-17 Антон Юрьевич Суханов Clock with movable mechanism of illumination

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005015322A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-02-17 Markus Moll Oscillating rotation for pieces of jewelry and tourbillon cages of tourbillon clock mechanisms
US7160026B2 (en) * 2004-03-09 2007-01-09 Franck Muller Watchland S.A. Tri-axial tourbillon for a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch
US7527423B2 (en) 2004-04-15 2009-05-05 Montres Breguet Sa Watch comprising two tourbillons
US7445375B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2008-11-04 Richemont International Sa Watch with a tourbillon
EP1686435A2 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 Richemont International S.A. Timepiece comprising a tourbillon
US7350966B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2008-04-01 Montres Breguet Sa Watch including at least two regulating systems
EP1744229A1 (en) 2005-07-13 2007-01-17 Les Artisans Horlogers Sàrl Timepiece
WO2007006805A3 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-06-28 Artisans Horlogers Sarl Timepiece
US7677793B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2010-03-16 Les Artisans Horlogers Sarl Timepiece
EP2175327A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2010-04-14 Les Artisans Horlogers Sàrl Timepiece
CH707240A1 (en) * 2012-11-27 2014-05-30 Bulgari Horlogerie S A watch movement provided with a rotary three-dimensional element and hollow.
US9568887B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2017-02-14 Seiko Instruments Inc. Operation stabilizing mechanism, movement, and mechanical timepiece
EP3599517A1 (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-01-29 Harry Winston SA Timepiece retrograde tourbillon or karussel
US11493884B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2022-11-08 Harry Winston Sa Timepiece retrograde tourbillon or karussel

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DE602004002796T2 (en) 2007-07-12
CN100483270C (en) 2009-04-29
ATE343160T1 (en) 2006-11-15
JP2004309482A (en) 2004-11-04
CN1536454A (en) 2004-10-13
RU2343523C2 (en) 2009-01-10
ES2277165T3 (en) 2007-07-01
SG137670A1 (en) 2007-12-28
DE602004002796D1 (en) 2006-11-30
CH697459B1 (en) 2008-10-31
RU2004110096A (en) 2005-09-10
EP1465024B1 (en) 2006-10-18
HK1067720A1 (en) 2005-04-15

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