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EP1224365B1 - Panel elements for floor covering - Google Patents

Panel elements for floor covering Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1224365B1
EP1224365B1 EP01909621A EP01909621A EP1224365B1 EP 1224365 B1 EP1224365 B1 EP 1224365B1 EP 01909621 A EP01909621 A EP 01909621A EP 01909621 A EP01909621 A EP 01909621A EP 1224365 B1 EP1224365 B1 EP 1224365B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
panel
spring
panel elements
panel element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01909621A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1224365A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Schwitte
Ansgar Mensing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huelsta Werke Huels GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1224365A1 publication Critical patent/EP1224365A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1224365B1 publication Critical patent/EP1224365B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/025Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongue and grooves alternating transversally in the direction of the thickness of the panel, e.g. multiple tongue and grooves oriented parallel to each other
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to panel elements according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Panel elements for the formation of floor coverings are usually rectangular and elongated. However, you can too have different contours and, for example, square be designed. Based on the usual, rectangular Shaping are therefore terms such as “Long side”, “front side” or the like used without the To limit the invention to elongated panel elements. This Terms also only serve to distinguish between first and second sides of the panel element, each in pairs parallel to each other and angular to each other designated pages are arranged so that for the "Long side” geometry of the panel element also provided provided on the other, for example a "front side” can be.
  • GB 2 256 023 A describes generic panel elements known.
  • the individual Panel elements have a certain mobility to each other exhibit.
  • a gap between joints neighboring panel elements can be avoided because that intended game, which between neighboring Panel elements is possible, such movements of the Natural material wood should be able to absorb.
  • a floor covering which consists of hard floor panels.
  • the panels are on their long and short sides with locking contours provided, with a new panel to be installed in already installed panels can be swiveled in by a swiveling movement or insertable by a horizontal sliding movement is.
  • the various solutions shown for the Locking contours is common in that they are in the range of Holding rib and groove have an oblique contact surface. This can make a panel with relatively little Turn the force around the joint on the surface and thus separate from the adjacent panel, leaving gaps can arise.
  • EP 0 855 482 B1 and EP 0 877 130 B1 is a Procedure for laying floor panels or a floor known, in which one of the panels one opposite the edge on the bottom protruding locking strips with has a protruding locking element. That too complementary locking profile has a locking groove in which the locking element can snap. A The definition of the situation is not given here because of a subsequent displaceability in the direction of the longitudinal edges ensure a game between locking element and Locking groove must be present.
  • Plate-like components are known from WO 98/58142, which a groove on one side and a tongue on the other hand.
  • the groove is largely wedge-shaped designed so that a correspondingly designed spring in it can be inserted.
  • At the bottom of the spring is a Protrusion formed, and at the lower limit of the groove there is a depression.
  • the lead can be in the Snap the recess in such a way that adjacent plates counter a separation can be ensured.
  • the invention has for its object to panel elements Training to create a floor covering with which one allows easy, glue-free laying of the floor covering and thereby a system that is as free of play as possible from neighboring Panel elements enabled and reliably maintained.
  • the invention proposes the combination following features:
  • two first sides referred to as long sides, on the one hand a groove and on the other hand a tongue.
  • long sides on the one hand a groove and on the other hand a tongue.
  • the panel elements according to the invention can also be designed square, so that two first Pages that are not necessarily longer than the two The second pages, explained in more detail below, with groove and spring are provided.
  • first sides and springs designed in a complementary manner are designed in such a way that a second panel element for laying at an angle first, already installed panel element is attached; and subsequently by a swivel or rotary movement around the Long side so down, in a plane with the already installed panel element is pivoted that the spring of the panel element to be installed in the groove of the already installed panel element is introduced.
  • the spring of the second acts in the final installation state Panel element with the groove of the first, similar Panel element, which in the final state to the second panel element is adjacent, so together that the two are together connected panel elements are secured against separating forces, those in both, perpendicular to the long side of the panel elements extending axes act.
  • the Interaction of tongue and groove prevents one of the two panel elements with respect to the other in one direction perpendicular to the laying plane, i.e. perpendicular to the surface the panel elements, can be raised.
  • Tongue and groove locking contours on the following are explained in more detail and a separation of the two Panel elements from each other in a direction perpendicular to the Prevent long sides and parallel to the surface.
  • the groove is at its mouth opens upwards, i.e. the insertion of a spring slanted panel element relieved. hereby can the rib provided on the underside of the spring the spring protrude comparatively far down, so that high holding forces after laying the floor covering can be applied, the separation of the two adjacent panel elements in the installation level of the Can reliably prevent flooring, that is Pull apart across the longitudinal direction of the panel.
  • the geometry tongue and groove a total of four contact points between the result in two panel elements, so that in this way one reliable stability is also achieved against separating forces, that work across the floor installation level and for example, lifting or tilting the one opposite could cause the adjacent panel element.
  • first two contact points on the tongue and the groove self-formed, the groove by two groove cheeks is defined.
  • a first contact point can be found at upper side of the tongue and on the upper groove cheek.
  • a second contact point is located on the underside of the spring and the lower groove cheek.
  • Both the top and the top Underside of the tongue, as well as the lower and upper groove cheeks can be inclined or curved, and the contact points can be provided on inclined or curved surfaces.
  • the third contact point is on the outer side wall of the Holding channel formed, which is preferably in the lower Grooved cheek is provided.
  • the holding channel is around a recess running parallel to the longitudinal edge any suitable geometry. Is preferred especially the area closer to the edge of the panel of the holding channel is at least slightly rounded. However, it can also be straight or inclined as a flat surface be designed.
  • the third contact point is preferably largely vertical aligned which, due to their alignment, defines a Positioning two interconnected panels in largely horizontal direction, in other words prevents the panels from facing each other in one direction be separated parallel to the surface.
  • the fourth, separate from the third contact point Contact point is at a rounded transition between the Holding channel and the side edge of the panel element under one Angle to the third contact point. This includes those areas of the groove cheek are understood that next to the exempted holding channel are present. On one of these Areas is the fourth contact point available under is aligned at an angle to the third contact point.
  • the fourth contact point is in the area between the Holding channel and the side edge of the panel element formed, this area being rounded, so that the side wall of the holding channel is rounded in the between the holding channel and the side edge of the Zone element lying zone merges.
  • the is preferred fourth contact point largely parallel to the surface of the panels.
  • the plane of the tongue or groove is after be shifted below, so that above the groove or Spring is at least the same size or possibly even larger Material thickness is provided as below the groove or Feather.
  • a glue intake channel is available and advantageous provided if the panel elements are permanently installed and to be connected to each other by means of glue.
  • This Glue receiving channel can be provided in the form of a recess be along the spring and above the spring extends below the top edge of the panel element, because in Area of this upper edge to a contact surface to the system an adjacent panel element is provided.
  • two contact surfaces can advantageously be between two adjacent panel elements can be provided, the Movements in both directions transverse to the longitudinal direction of the Prevent panel element: On the one hand the contact surface between the two panel elements, so the two Panel elements cannot be pushed further towards each other can. On the other hand, as a second interface, one Contact surface between the holding channel on the one hand and the rib on the other hand, so that the adjacent panel elements against separating separating forces are secured. To this Wise is not only a game-free but also seamless enables or gap-free laying of the panel elements and thus a hygienically perfect floor covering with a closed surface if possible.
  • the rest point is the reliable one after installation Maintaining the position of the installed panel elements safely.
  • the Holding channel in the area of this rest point with one if possible large radius is rounded so that no sudden increasing, but building up as gently as possible, locking pressure to be overcome results.
  • a particularly intensive combination of the individual panel elements of the flooring is advantageous to level differences and thus avoiding abutting edges of the flooring and additional Holding forces also in the longitudinal direction of the panel elements provide.
  • the Panel elements not only on their long sides groove and Form spring profiles, but also on their end faces Have holding means, for example also in the form of Tongue and groove profiles. If it is provided that the Panel elements with their long sides slanted together are then brought into one another by a swiveling movement can be, the associated frontal groove and Spring geometry, for example, be designed so that it a connection of two panel elements exclusively through a horizontal shifting movement in the laying plane allows.
  • the holding means on the End faces are designed so that they are locked two panel elements essentially by one transverse to Allow the lowering movement to take place on the installation level.
  • This Holding means prevent according to the invention just like that Retaining means on the long sides that that together connected panel elements raised with respect to each other or in a direction perpendicular to the end faces and separated from each other parallel to the laying level can.
  • Any such holding means can be used Facilities may be provided. In particular, they must not necessarily as a lockable groove and Be designed tongue, but it can generally be a groove or a channel with a suitable undercut is available be in which a protruding element, i.e. a spring with Protrusions that complement the undercut of the designed groove, or a locking projection or - Hook can intervene.
  • the longitudinal groove of the panel element is advantageously provided connect to the right end of the front groove leave, the terms "right” and “left” in Viewing from above and from outside, not from Center of the panel element, ready for installation aligned, with its decorative side facing upwards Panel element are selected.
  • This groove arrangement is for the usual way of laying the panel elements unusual and surprising, because the longitudinal groove usually closes a panel element to the left end of the front groove on:
  • Supporting the introduction channel mentioned at the beginning can be on the underside of the spring, this underside to let it rise towards the free end of the spring, so chamfer the bottom of the spring or round it. In this way, a particularly easy insertion of the Tongue in the groove even when the panel element is set at an angle favored.
  • the rest point is the reliable one after installation Maintaining the position of the installed panel elements safely.
  • the Holding channel in the area of this rest point with one if possible large radius is rounded so that no sudden increasing, but building up as gently as possible, locking pressure to be overcome results.
  • Fig. 1 with 1 are two similar panel elements referred to, wherein the one panel element 1 a groove 2nd has and the other panel element 1 a spring 3, which into the groove 2 of the adjacent panel element 1 extends.
  • the material thickness of the panel elements 1 is slightly more above the groove 2 or above the tongue 3 than below the groove 2 or the tongue 3, so that Comparative pressure loads from people or furniture can be caught well and the groove and Load the spring connection as little as possible.
  • the panel elements 1 Against separating forces that are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the Panel elements 1 act, the panel elements 1 by one Touch surface 4 secured. Along this interface 4 is a rib 5, which is on the underside of the spring 3rd is formed on the side wall of a holding channel 6.
  • the contact point 8c is identical to the contact surface 4.
  • the two panel elements 1 fixed with regard to separating or angling forces, so that just a parallel shift of the two Panel elements 1 in their longitudinal direction possible against each other is without having to overcome additional holding forces.
  • Fig. 1 is a glue-free connection of the two Panel elements 1 shown.
  • a recess 9 above the Spring 3 and below the upper contact surface 7 can however, serve as a glue intake channel to remove excess glue record if the two panel elements 1 with the help of Glue bonded together permanently and sealed should be.
  • Fig. 2 shows the two panel elements 1 during the Laying.
  • the second panel element 1 is with its spring 3 obliquely to the side edge of the the first panel element 1 and the spring 3 inserted as far as possible into the groove 2. This will be relieved that the groove 2 has an upper edge 10, the runs up to the mouth of the groove 2 and on this Wise one particularly apparent from FIG. 1 Entry channel 11 forms.
  • the spring 3 has an underside 12, which for free end of the spring 3 is chamfered, so increasing runs, so that the right panel element 1 in its Fig. 2 apparent inclination as far as possible in the groove 2 can be introduced.
  • This introductory movement will on the one hand by the contact of the spring 3 with the upper and bounded lower boundary edges of the groove 2 and on the other hand by a contact of the two panel elements 1 in the area its upper contact surface 7.
  • the right panel element 1 is compared to FIG. 2 flatter and less steeply angled so that it continues in the groove 2 could be inserted.
  • the rib 5 comes here with its rounded lower edge against a section 14, the between the holding channel 6 and the side edge of the Panel element 1 runs.
  • the transition from this section 14 to the holding channel 6 runs with a comparatively large radius: in the illustrated embodiment the radius of this rounding corresponds approximately to half Width of the holding channel 6 or half the width of the Materials below section 14.
  • the Holding channel is slightly rounded overall, and that the bottom of the rib 5 is also rounded.
  • the third Contact point 8c is however provided such that the Tangent at least largely aligned vertically is, so that the panels in the horizontal Direction with respect to each other. Also the Contact point 8d is in the vicinity of the holding channel 6 formed a rounded area.
  • the tangent to it is however in the preferred embodiment shown largely horizontal, generally at an angle to third contact point 8c aligned so that the panels in be positioned vertically with respect to each other, and loosening and height differences even on an uneven one Be prevented.
  • FIG. 4 is in a purely schematic and perspective view of a panel element 1 can be seen, each with a longitudinal groove 2 or tongue 3.
  • Das Panel element 1 is aligned ready for installation, i.e. with its visible or decorative side up.
  • This panel element 1 has an end face front groove 15 and a front tongue 16 Mistake.
  • the longitudinal groove 2 closes in the Viewing direction "B" from above and outside the Panel element 1 seen, to the right end of the front groove 15 on. This way, under Maintaining the usual laying direction of the floor covering a laying system enables, if, with a Tapping block is working, this tapping block is not designed for Side edge of the panel element 1 is attached to the the groove 2 is located. Rather, the tapping block can be used immediately be attached to the spring 3, so that even at Tilting of the tapping block damage to the surface of the panel element 1 can be reliably excluded can.
  • the corresponding undercuts on the long sides Groove 2 or tongue 3, in particular the design of the Rib 5 and the holding channel 6 can optionally be chosen as strong be that smooth horizontal nesting is not provided in the installation level.
  • the corresponding undercuts on the frontal tongue and groove geometry not provided see above that by moving two neighboring ones Panel elements 1 along the end face of the displaced panel element 1 with another, third Panel element 1 can be connected, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 shows:
  • Fig. 5 is the front spring 16a of the panel element 1 shown in more detail in cross section.
  • a recess 9 above the spring 16a Glue receiving channel is provided and is below the spring 16a a rib 17 is provided which, like the longitudinal rib 5 its bottom is rounded.
  • Fig. 6 shows the corresponding front groove 15a with a holding channel 18 for receiving the rib 17.
  • the shape of rib 17 and Holding channel 18 allows the spring 16a in the associated Insert groove 15a by the spring 16a Panel element 1 only horizontally against the neighboring, the groove 17 having panel element 1 is displaced.
  • Also there is an oversize in the context of the front locking of the spring so that the existing on the spring Rib 17a in the manner of an interference fit, as is also the case with the longitudinal locking is the case in which Holding channel 18 is added.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show an alternative embodiment of the Front groove 15 and the front tongue 16:
  • the Spring 16b does not extend in the horizontal plane of the Panel element 1, but approximately perpendicular to this plane downward.
  • the corresponding groove 15b opens out accordingly upwards to accommodate the spring 16b.
  • a laying method can be chosen at the panel element 1 to be installed at an angle installed panel elements and then in the described is pivoted down. Subsequently however, this panel element is no longer horizontal postponed. Rather, the panel element with its Front from the start with the front of one already laid panel element 1 arranged overlapping, so that when swiveling down the panel element to be installed End face with the spring 16b in the groove 15b of the end face of an already installed panel element 1 dips. If the movement of the lowered Panel element 1 is actually a pivoting movement, so can the teeth of groove 15b and tongue 16b in are essentially described as a lowering movement transversely to the surface of the panel element 1.
  • the groove 15b has an undercut and the Spring 16b is contoured with corresponding projections illustrated, purely schematic embodiment a slightly convex contour, so that after overcoming one Latching force with which the spring 16b is pressed into the groove 15b holding forces can be built up, which is a misplaced Panel element 1 also in its forehead area against lifting Secure forces and a smooth, free of abutting edges Floor surface also in the area of the separation points at the Allow front edges of two adjacent panel elements.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 purely schematic and crowned contouring of tongue 16b and groove 15b enables overcoming the corresponding locking forces the non-destructive disassembly of the panel elements 1 and that Loosen their frontal bond.
  • the Spring 16b is comparatively gentle on its underside diverged and further up again to a greater extent converges, it can be provided that a comparative allows easy insertion of the spring 16b into the groove 15b is and in contrast significantly higher holding forces that however, disassembly of the two panel elements 1 difficult.
  • the End faces not by overcoming the locking forces from each other to separate, but by a shifting movement in which Groove 15b and tongue 16b against each other in their longitudinal direction be moved.
  • the groove 15b advantageously has a larger free Cross section on than the cross section of the spring 16b enables, so that the spring 16b without tension or with a downward bias within groove 15b can be kept and also with certain dimensional Tolerances of the spring 16b ensure that none Pressure points occur between the spring 16b and the groove 15b can push the spring 16b up and, if necessary, for a Butt edge in the area of the separation point between the two End faces of adjacent panel elements could provide. Instead, only a contact in the each upper area between the groove 15b and the tongue 16b provided so that the spring 16b reliable due to the Undercut of the groove 15b is held in this groove 15b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Force In General (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Structure Of Telephone Exchanges (AREA)

Abstract

The panel element has a groove and a spring on opposite longitudinal sides, so that the groove of one element engages the spring of an adjacent element. The spring fits into the groove at an angle, so that one panel can be pivoted about the longitudinal edge of an adjacent panel. The spring and groove co-operate to secure the panel elements. The end faces of the panel elements have a groove (15b) and a tongue (16b), to connect the ends of adjacent panels. The end-side grooves and tongues can be connected by lowering one panel element onto a panel element that has already been installed, so that it cannot be lifted out.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft Paneelelemente nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to panel elements according to the preamble of claim 1.

Paneelelemente zur Ausbildung von Fußbodenbelägen sind üblicherweise rechteckig und länglich. Sie können jedoch auch andere Konturen aufweisen und beispielsweise quadratisch ausgestaltet sein. In Anlehnung an die übliche, rechteckige Formgebung werden daher nachfolgend Begriffe wie "Längsseite", "Stirnseite" o. dgl. verwendet, ohne die Erfindung auf längliche Paneelelemente zu beschränken. Diese Begriffe dienen zudem lediglich zur Unterscheidung erster und zweiter Seiten an dem Paneelelement, die jeweils paarweise parallel zueinander und winklig gegenüber den jeweils anders bezeichneten Seiten angeordnet sind, so dass die für die "Längsseite" vorgesehene Geometrie des Paneelelementes auch an der anderen, beispielsweise einer "Stirnseite", vorgesehen sein kann. Panel elements for the formation of floor coverings are usually rectangular and elongated. However, you can too have different contours and, for example, square be designed. Based on the usual, rectangular Shaping are therefore terms such as "Long side", "front side" or the like used without the To limit the invention to elongated panel elements. This Terms also only serve to distinguish between first and second sides of the panel element, each in pairs parallel to each other and angular to each other designated pages are arranged so that for the "Long side" geometry of the panel element also provided provided on the other, for example a "front side" can be.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der GB 2 256 023 A sind gattungsgemäße Paneelelemente bekannt. Bei dem aus mehreren derartigen Paneelelementen gebildeten Fußbodenbelag ist vorgesehen, dass die einzelnen Paneelelemente eine gewisse Beweglichkeit zueinander aufweisen. Auf diese Weise kann, insbesondere wenn die Paneelelemente aus Holz bestehen und das Holz witterungsbedingt oder durch Feuchtigkeitseinflüsse "arbeitet", ein Aufklaffen von Trennfugen zwischen benachbarten Paneelelementen vermieden werden, da das vorgesehene Spiel, welches zwischen benachbarten Paneelelementen möglich ist, derartige Bewegungen des Naturwerkstoffes Holz aufzunehmen in der Lage sein soll.GB 2 256 023 A describes generic panel elements known. In the case of several such panel elements formed flooring is provided that the individual Panel elements have a certain mobility to each other exhibit. In this way, especially if the Panel elements are made of wood and the wood weather-related or due to moisture influences "works", a gap between joints neighboring panel elements can be avoided because that intended game, which between neighboring Panel elements is possible, such movements of the Natural material wood should be able to absorb.

In manchen Anwendungsfällen und je nach Einrichtungsstil kann es jedoch wünschenswert sein, die Beweglichkeit von benachbarten Fußboden-Paneelelementen möglichst einzuschränken, um auf diese Weise das Eindringen von Schmutz in Fugen, welche sich zwischen benachbarten Paneelelementen ergeben könnten, zu verhindern. Aus diesem Grund ist es bekannt, gattungsfremde Fußbodenbeläge derart herzustellen, dass die dort vorgesehenen Nut- und Feder-Geometrien das Trennen von benachbarten Fußbodenpaneelen nicht allein schon verhindern, so dass diese Elemente zunächst auf einfache Weise zusammengefügt, nämlich ineinandergesteckt werden können und erst mittels Leimzugabe einerseits fest verbunden und gegen die genannten Trennkräfte gesichert werden und andererseits durch die erwähnte Leimzugabe regelrecht versiegelt werden, so dass an den Fugen zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente weder Feuchtigkeit noch Schmutz eindringen können. In some applications and depending on the style of furnishing however, it may be desirable to have mobility neighboring floor panel elements if possible restrict in this way the penetration of dirt in joints that are located between adjacent panel elements could result in preventing. Because of this, it is known to produce non-generic floor coverings in such a way that the tongue and groove geometries provided there Separating adjacent floor panels is not enough prevent these items from being simple at first Put together like this, namely to be inserted into each other can and only firmly connected on the one hand by adding glue and secured against the separation forces mentioned and on the other hand, literally through the addition of glue mentioned be sealed so that at the joints of two neighboring Panel elements do not allow moisture or dirt to enter can.

Auf dem Gebiet der gattungsgemäßen Paneelelemente ist es aus der WO 96/27719 bekannt, durch zwei aneinander grenzende Seiten eines länglichen Paneelelements, also eine Längsseite und eine Stirnseite, eine Nut auszubilden, und deren untere Nutwange als ein vorstehendes Element mit einem Aufnahmekanal für ein komplementäres Verriegelungselement an der jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seite vorzusehen. Das komplementäre Verriegelungselement ist gewissermaßen an der Unterseite einer Feder ausgebildet, welche in die Nut eingeführt werden kann. Gemäß der genannten Druckschrift sind diese Verriegelungskonturen an sämtlichen vier Seiten gleichartig ausgebildet. Ferner ist angegeben, dass die Verlegung reihenweise erfolgt. Dies bedeutet, dass zunächst die nebeneinander zu verlegenden Paneelelemente einer Reihe an ihren Stirnseiten miteinander verbunden werden müssen, und anschließend als Verbund an ihren Längskanten mit den Längskanten der bereits verlegten Paneele zu verbinden sind. Eine derartige Vorgehensweise ist jedoch vergleichsweise mühsam und umständlich, da mehrere, an ihren Stirnseiten miteinander verriegelte Paneelelemente gehandhabt werden müssen.It is over in the field of generic panel elements WO 96/27719 known, by two adjacent Sides of an elongated panel element, i.e. a long side and an end face to form a groove, and the lower one Grooved cheek as a protruding element with a receiving channel for a complementary locking element on each opposite side. The complementary The locking element is, so to speak, on the underside formed a spring, which are inserted into the groove can. According to the cited document, these are Locking contours are the same on all four sides educated. It is also stated that the laying done in rows. This means that first the panel elements to be laid next to each other in a row their end faces must be connected, and then as a bond on their longitudinal edges with the Longitudinal edges of the already installed panels are to be connected. However, such an approach is comparative tedious and cumbersome, since there are several on their faces interlocked panel elements are handled have to.

Aus der DE 297 10 175 U1 ist ein Fußbodenbelag bekannt, der aus harten Fußbodenpaneelen besteht. Die Paneele sind an ihren Längs- und Stirnseiten mit Verriegelungskonturen versehen, wobei ein neu zu verlegendes Paneel in bereits verlegte Paneele durch eine Schwenkbewegung einschwenkbar oder durch eine horizontale Verschiebebewegung einschiebbar ist. Den verschiedenen gezeigten Lösungen für die Verriegelungskonturen ist gemeinsam, dass sie im Bereich von Halterippe und -nut eine schräge Kontaktfläche aufweisen. Hierdurch kann sich ein Paneel mit relativ geringem Kraftaufwand um die Stoßstelle an der Oberfläche drehen und sich somit von dem benachbarten Paneel lösen, so dass Lücken entstehen können.From DE 297 10 175 U1 a floor covering is known which consists of hard floor panels. The panels are on their long and short sides with locking contours provided, with a new panel to be installed in already installed panels can be swiveled in by a swiveling movement or insertable by a horizontal sliding movement is. The various solutions shown for the Locking contours is common in that they are in the range of Holding rib and groove have an oblique contact surface. This can make a panel with relatively little Turn the force around the joint on the surface and thus separate from the adjacent panel, leaving gaps can arise.

Aus der EP 0 855 482 B1 und der EP 0 877 130 B1 ist ein Verfahren zum Verlegen von Bodenpaneelen bzw. ein Fußboden bekannt, bei dem eines der Paneele einen gegenüber der Kante an der Unterseite vorstehenden Verriegelungsstreifen mit einem vorstehenden Verriegelungselement aufweist. Das dazu komplementäre Verriegelungsprofil weist eine Verriegelungsnut auf, in die das Verriegelungselement einrasten kann. Eine Lagedefinition ist hierbei nicht gegeben, da, um eine nachfolgende Verschiebbarkeit in Richtung der Längskanten zu gewährleisten, ein Spiel zwischen Verriegelungselement und Verriegelungsnut vorhanden sein muss.From EP 0 855 482 B1 and EP 0 877 130 B1 is a Procedure for laying floor panels or a floor known, in which one of the panels one opposite the edge on the bottom protruding locking strips with has a protruding locking element. That too complementary locking profile has a locking groove in which the locking element can snap. A The definition of the situation is not given here because of a subsequent displaceability in the direction of the longitudinal edges ensure a game between locking element and Locking groove must be present.

Aus der DE 298 03 708 U1 ist ein Paneel bekannt, das mit einem benachbarten Paneel, das ein komplementäres Verriegelungsprofil aufweist, zusammengefügt, jedoch nicht verriegelt werden kann.From DE 298 03 708 U1 a panel is known, which with an adjacent panel that is a complementary Has locking profile, assembled, but not can be locked.

Aus der WO 98/58142 sind plattenartige Bauteile bekannt, die an ihren Seiten eine Nut einerseits und eine Feder andererseits aufweisen. Die Nut ist weitgehend keilförmig gestaltet, so dass eine entsprechend gestaltete Feder darin eingefügt werden kann. An der Unterseite der Feder ist ein Vorsprung ausgebildet, und an der unteren Begrenzung der Nut befindet sich eine Vertiefung. Der Vorsprung kann in die Vertiefung derart einrasten, dass benachbarte Platten gegen eine Trennung gesichert werden. Plate-like components are known from WO 98/58142, which a groove on one side and a tongue on the other hand. The groove is largely wedge-shaped designed so that a correspondingly designed spring in it can be inserted. At the bottom of the spring is a Protrusion formed, and at the lower limit of the groove there is a depression. The lead can be in the Snap the recess in such a way that adjacent plates counter a separation can be ensured.

Schließlich ist aus der DE 195 03 948 A1 ein System bestehend aus Fußbodenpaneelen und gesonderten Halteelementen bekannt, bei denen gerundete Verriegelungskonturen vorhanden sind. Durch die Notwendigkeit von gesonderten Halteelementen ist dieses System jedoch nicht mit geringem Aufwand verlegbar.Finally, a system consists of DE 195 03 948 A1 known from floor panels and separate holding elements, where there are rounded locking contours. Due to the need for separate holding elements however, this system cannot be installed with little effort.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Paneelelemente zur Ausbildung eines Fußbodenbelages zu schaffen, mit denen eine einfache, leimlose Verlegung des Fußbodenbelages ermöglicht wird und dabei eine möglichst spielfreie Anlage benachbarter Paneelelemente ermöglicht und zuverlässig beibehalten wird. The invention has for its object to panel elements Training to create a floor covering with which one allows easy, glue-free laying of the floor covering and thereby a system that is as free of play as possible from neighboring Panel elements enabled and reliably maintained.

Diese der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird durch die Paneelelemente mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object of the invention is achieved by Panel elements with the features of claim 1 solved.

Die Erfindung schlägt mit anderen Worten die Kombination folgender Merkmale vor:In other words, the invention proposes the combination following features:

Demzufolge weisen bei den erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelementen zwei erste, als Längsseiten bezeichnete Seiten einerseits eine Nut und andererseits eine Feder auf. Mit anderen Worten ist bei einem rechteckigen, insbesondere länglichen Paneelelement die eine Längsseite mit einer Nut versehen, und die andere, entgegengesetzte Längsseite weist eine Feder auf. Es versteht sich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Paneelelemente ebenso quadratisch gestaltet sein können, so dass zwei erste Seiten, die nicht notwendigerweise länger sind als die beiden nachfolgend noch näher erläuterten zweiten Seiten, mit Nut und Feder versehen sind. An diesen ersten Seiten sind Nuten und dazu komplementär gestaltete Federn derart ausgebildet, dass ein zweites Paneelelement zum Verlegen schräg an ein erstes, bereits verlegtes Paneelelement angesetzt wird; und nachfolgend durch eine Schwenk- oder Drehbewegung um die Längsseite derart nach unten, in eine Ebene mit dem bereits verlegten Paneelelement geschwenkt wird, dass die Feder des zu verlegenden Paneelelements in die Nut des bereits verlegten Paneelelements eingeführt wird.Accordingly, in the panel elements according to the invention two first sides, referred to as long sides, on the one hand a groove and on the other hand a tongue. In other words is rectangular, especially elongated Panel element which has a groove on one long side, and the other, opposite long side has a spring. It goes without saying that the panel elements according to the invention can also be designed square, so that two first Pages that are not necessarily longer than the two The second pages, explained in more detail below, with groove and spring are provided. There are grooves on these first sides and springs designed in a complementary manner are designed in such a way that a second panel element for laying at an angle first, already installed panel element is attached; and subsequently by a swivel or rotary movement around the Long side so down, in a plane with the already installed panel element is pivoted that the spring of the panel element to be installed in the groove of the already installed panel element is introduced.

Im endgültigen Verlegezustand wirkt die Feder des zweiten Paneelelements mit der Nut des ersten, gleichartigen Paneelelements, das im Endzustand an das zweite Paneelelement benachbart ist, derart zusammen, dass die beiden miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente gegen Trennkräfte gesichert sind, die in beiden, senkrecht zur Längsseite der Paneelelemente verlaufenden Achsen wirken. Mit anderen Worten wird durch die Zusammenwirkung von Nut und Feder verhindert, dass eines der beiden Paneelelemente bezüglich des anderen in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Verlege-Ebene, also senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Paneelelemente, angehoben werden kann. Zum anderen weisen Nut und Feder Verriegelungskonturen auf, die nachfolgend noch genauer erläutert sind und ein Trennen der beiden Paneelelemente voneinander in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den Längsseiten und parallel zur Oberfläche verhindern.The spring of the second acts in the final installation state Panel element with the groove of the first, similar Panel element, which in the final state to the second panel element is adjacent, so together that the two are together connected panel elements are secured against separating forces, those in both, perpendicular to the long side of the panel elements extending axes act. In other words, the Interaction of tongue and groove prevents one of the two panel elements with respect to the other in one direction perpendicular to the laying plane, i.e. perpendicular to the surface the panel elements, can be raised. On the other hand point Tongue and groove locking contours on the following are explained in more detail and a separation of the two Panel elements from each other in a direction perpendicular to the Prevent long sides and parallel to the surface.

Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Nut an ihrer Mündung nach oben hin öffnet, also das Einführen der Feder eines schräg angesetzten Paneelelementes erleichtert. Hierdurch kann die an der Unterseite der Feder vorgesehene Rippe von der Feder aus vergleichsweise weit nach unten ragen, so dass nach Verlegung des Fußbodenbelages hohe Haltekräfte aufgebracht werden können, die das Trennen der beiden benachbarten Paneelelemente in der Verlege-Ebene des Fußbodens zuverlässig verhindern können, also das Auseinanderziehen quer zur Paneel-Längsrichtung. Ferner bietet die Ausbildung einer Abschrägung an der oberen Nutwange, anstelle der Unterseite der Feder, den Vorteil, dass die Feder sowohl oben als auch unten in einem Bereich in der Nut zur Anlage kommt, der sich vergleichsweise tief in der Nut befindet, so dass eine besonders stabile Verbindung erreicht wird, da die Abmessung zwischen den beiden am weitesten entfernt voneinander liegenden Berührungs- und Verbindungspunkten der Verbindung vergleichsweise groß ist.It is preferably provided that the groove is at its mouth opens upwards, i.e. the insertion of a spring slanted panel element relieved. hereby can the rib provided on the underside of the spring the spring protrude comparatively far down, so that high holding forces after laying the floor covering can be applied, the separation of the two adjacent panel elements in the installation level of the Can reliably prevent flooring, that is Pull apart across the longitudinal direction of the panel. Further offers the formation of a bevel on the top Groove cheek, instead of the bottom of the tongue, the advantage that the spring in both the top and bottom in one area the groove comes to the system, which is comparatively deep in of the groove, so that a particularly stable connection is achieved because the dimension between the two on furthest apart touch and Connection points of the connection is comparatively large.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass sich durch die Geometrie von Nut und Feder insgesamt vier Kontaktstellen zwischen den beiden Paneelelementen ergeben, so dass auf diese Weise eine zuverlässige Stabilität auch gegen Trennkräfte erzielt wird, die quer zur Verlegeebene des Fußbodens wirken und beispielsweise ein Anheben bzw. Verkanten des einen gegenüber dem benachbarten Paneelelement bewirken könnten. Hierbei sind die beiden ersten Kontaktstellen an der Feder und der Nut selbst ausgebildet, wobei die Nut durch zwei Nutwangen definiert wird. Eine erste Kontaktstelle findet sich an der oberen Seite der Feder und an der oberen Nutwange. Eine zweite Kontaktstelle findet sich an der Unterseite der Feder und der unteren Nutwange. Sowohl die Ober- als auch die Unterseite der Feder, wie auch die untere und obere Nutwange können geneigt oder gekrümmt sein, und die Kontaktstellen können an geneigten oder gekrümmten Flächen vorgesehen sein.According to the invention it is provided that the geometry tongue and groove a total of four contact points between the result in two panel elements, so that in this way one reliable stability is also achieved against separating forces, that work across the floor installation level and for example, lifting or tilting the one opposite could cause the adjacent panel element. Here are the first two contact points on the tongue and the groove self-formed, the groove by two groove cheeks is defined. A first contact point can be found at upper side of the tongue and on the upper groove cheek. A second contact point is located on the underside of the spring and the lower groove cheek. Both the top and the top Underside of the tongue, as well as the lower and upper groove cheeks can be inclined or curved, and the contact points can be provided on inclined or curved surfaces.

Die dritte Kontaktstelle ist an der äußeren Seitenwand des Haltekanals ausgebildet, der bevorzugt in der unteren Nutwange vorgesehen ist. Bei dem Haltekanal handelt es sich um eine parallel zu der Längskante verlaufende Ausnehmung mit einer beliebigen, geeigneten Geometrie. Bevorzugt ist insbesondere die näher zur Kante des Paneels liegende Fläche des Haltekanals zumindest geringfügig gerundet ausgebildet. Sie kann jedoch auch gerade oder als ebene Fläche schräg gestaltet sein. An dieser Seitenfläche des Haltekanals ist die dritte Kontaktstelle bevorzugt weitgehend vertikal ausgerichtet definiert, die aufgrund ihrer Ausrichtung eine Positionierung zweier miteinander verbundenen Paneele in weitgehend horizontaler Richtung bewirkt, mit anderen Worten verhindert, dass die Paneele voneinander in einer Richtung parallel zur Oberfläche getrennt werden.The third contact point is on the outer side wall of the Holding channel formed, which is preferably in the lower Grooved cheek is provided. The holding channel is around a recess running parallel to the longitudinal edge any suitable geometry. Is preferred especially the area closer to the edge of the panel of the holding channel is at least slightly rounded. However, it can also be straight or inclined as a flat surface be designed. On this side surface of the holding channel the third contact point is preferably largely vertical aligned which, due to their alignment, defines a Positioning two interconnected panels in largely horizontal direction, in other words prevents the panels from facing each other in one direction be separated parallel to the surface.

Die von der dritten Kontaktstelle getrennte vierte Kontaktstelle ist an einem gerundeten Übergang zwischen dem Haltekanal und der Seitenkante des Paneelelements unter einem Winkel zur dritten Kontaktstelle ausgebildet. Hierunter werden diejenigen Bereiche der Nutwange verstanden, die neben dem ausgenommenen Haltekanal vorhanden sind. An einem dieser Bereiche ist die vierte Kontaktstelle vorhanden, die unter einem Winkel zu der dritten Kontaktstelle ausgerichtet ist. Die vierte Kontaktstelle ist in dem Bereich zwischen dem Haltekanal und der Seitenkante des Paneelelements ausgebildet, wobei dieser Bereich gerundet ausgebildet ist, so dass die Seitenwand des Haltekanals mit einer Rundung in die zwischen dem Haltekanal und der Seitenkante des Paneelelements liegende Zone übergeht. Bevorzugt ist die vierte Kontaktstelle weitgehend parallel zu der Oberfläche der Paneele ausgerichtet. Hierdurch werden zwei miteinander verriegelte Paneele an der vierten Kontaktstelle in vertikaler Richtung bezüglich einander positioniert, so dass ihre Positionierung und verriegelnde Verbindung auch bei einem unebenen Untergrund zuverlässig beibehalten werden kann, und an der Stoßstelle keine Höhenunterschiede entstehen. Auch der Bereich in der Umgebung des Haltekanals, an dem die vierte Kontaktstelle vorgesehen ist, kann gerundet ausgebildet sein. In diesem Fall definiert jedoch die Tangente an der Kontaktstelle diejenige Richtung, die erfindungsgemäß unter einem Winkel zu der entsprechenden, an der dritten Kontaktstelle vorliegenden Richtung verläuft.The fourth, separate from the third contact point Contact point is at a rounded transition between the Holding channel and the side edge of the panel element under one Angle to the third contact point. this includes those areas of the groove cheek are understood that next to the exempted holding channel are present. On one of these Areas is the fourth contact point available under is aligned at an angle to the third contact point. The fourth contact point is in the area between the Holding channel and the side edge of the panel element formed, this area being rounded, so that the side wall of the holding channel is rounded in the between the holding channel and the side edge of the Zone element lying zone merges. The is preferred fourth contact point largely parallel to the surface of the panels. This will make two together interlocked panels at the fourth contact point in positioned vertically with respect to each other so that their positioning and locking connection also at be reliably maintained on an uneven surface can, and at the joint no height differences arise. Also the area around the holding channel, where the fourth contact point is provided can be rounded be trained. In this case, however, defines the Tangent at the contact point that direction according to the invention at an angle to the corresponding one direction of the third contact point.

Bei der Ausgestaltung von Haltekanal und Rippe kann eine kräftige Profilierung vorgesehen sein, um hohe Haltekräfte der miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente zu ermöglichen. In Abkehr von der häufig verwendeten Verlegungsmethode, bei der ein Paneelelement horizontal an ein bereits verlegtes Paneelelement geschoben wird, kann daher vorgesehen sein, die Paneelelemente beim Verlegen des Fußbodenbelags nicht horizontal ineinander zu schieben, sondern mittels einer Schwenkbewegung ineinander zu führen. So kann eine starke Profilierung von Haltekanal und Rippe gewählt werden, die ein horizontales Ineinanderschieben zweier Paneelelemente nicht zulassen würde. Bei entsprechend schwächerer Profilierung oder bei elastischer Ausgestaltung des Kantenbereichs kann jedoch auch die übliche rein horizontal verschiebende Verlegemethode möglich sein.When designing the holding channel and rib, a strong profiling can be provided to high holding forces of the interconnected panel elements. In Moving away from the frequently used method of laying, where a panel element horizontally to an already installed one Panel element is pushed, can therefore be provided Panel elements not when laying the floor covering to slide horizontally into each other, but by means of a To lead swiveling movement into each other. So a strong one Profiling of holding channel and rib can be chosen, the one horizontal sliding of two panel elements is not would allow. With correspondingly weaker profiling or with an elastic configuration of the edge area but also the usual moving horizontally Laying method may be possible.

Ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen könnte durch die erwähnte Schwenkbewegung eingeleitet oder erleichtert werden. Die vier Kontaktstellen erschweren eine derartige unbeabsichtigte Schwenkbewegung zweier verbundener Paneelelemente und können eine regelrechte Rastverbindung ergeben, bei der zum Lösen der beiden verbundenen Paneelelemente zunächst eine Rastkraft überwunden werden muss.An unintentional loosening could result from the mentioned Swiveling movement initiated or facilitated. The four Contact points complicate such an unintentional Swiveling movement of two connected panel elements and can result in a real locking connection, in which to loosen of the two connected panel elements initially a locking force must be overcome.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are in the further claims described.

Es wird bevorzugt, dass die Ebene der Nut bzw. Feder nach unten verlagert werden, so dass oberhalb der Nut bzw. der Feder eine wenigstens gleichgroße oder ggf. sogar größere Materialstärke vorgesehen ist als unterhalb der Nut bzw. der Feder. Auf diese Weise werden während der Benutzung des Fußbodenbelages, also im alltäglichen Betrieb, auftretende Druckkräfte durch Personen oder Möbel besser aufgenommen und belasten die Nut- und Federverbindung weniger, so dass geringere Trennkräfte auf zwei benachbarte Paneelelemente einwirken.It is preferred that the plane of the tongue or groove is after be shifted below, so that above the groove or Spring is at least the same size or possibly even larger Material thickness is provided as below the groove or Feather. This way, while using the Floor covering, i.e. occurring in everyday operation Pressure forces better absorbed by people or furniture and load the tongue and groove connection less, so that lower separating forces on two adjacent panel elements act.

Bevorzugt ist oberhalb der Feder eine sich bis zur Oberseite des Paneelelements erstreckende obere Berührungsfläche vorhanden und vorteilhaft ist ein Leimaufnahmekanal vorgesehen, falls die Paneelelemente dauerhaft verlegt und mittels Leim miteinander verbunden werden sollen. Dieser Leimaufnahmekanal kann in Form einer Ausnehmung vorgesehen sein, die sich längs zur Feder und oberhalb der Feder erstreckt, unterhalb der Oberkante des Paneelelementes, da im Bereich dieser Oberkante eine Kontaktfläche zur Anlage an einem benachbarten Paneelelement vorgesehen ist.Above the spring is preferred up to the top of the panel element extending upper contact surface a glue intake channel is available and advantageous provided if the panel elements are permanently installed and to be connected to each other by means of glue. This Glue receiving channel can be provided in the form of a recess be along the spring and above the spring extends below the top edge of the panel element, because in Area of this upper edge to a contact surface to the system an adjacent panel element is provided.

Weiterhin können vorteilhaft zwei Berührungsflächen zwischen zwei benachbarten Paneelelementen vorgesehen sein, die Bewegungen in beiden Richtungen quer zur Längsrichtung des Paneelelementes verhindern: Einerseits die Kontaktfläche zwischen den beiden Paneelelementen, so dass die beiden Paneelelemente nicht weiter zueinander geschoben werden können. Andererseits, als zweite Berührungsfläche, eine Anlagefläche zwischen dem Haltekanal einerseits und der Rippe andererseits, so dass die benachbarten Paneelelemente gegen auseinanderziehende Trennkräfte gesichert sind. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur eine spielfreie sondern auch fugenlose bzw. spaltfreie Verlegung der Paneelelemente ermöglicht und damit ein hygienisch einwandfreier Fußbodenbelag mit einer möglichst geschlossenen Oberfläche.Furthermore, two contact surfaces can advantageously be between two adjacent panel elements can be provided, the Movements in both directions transverse to the longitudinal direction of the Prevent panel element: On the one hand the contact surface between the two panel elements, so the two Panel elements cannot be pushed further towards each other can. On the other hand, as a second interface, one Contact surface between the holding channel on the one hand and the rib on the other hand, so that the adjacent panel elements against separating separating forces are secured. To this Wise is not only a game-free but also seamless enables or gap-free laying of the panel elements and thus a hygienically perfect floor covering with a closed surface if possible.

Die Verriegelung an den Längsseiten durch Nut und Feder wird zusätzlich erleichtert, wenn die Unterseite der Feder zum freien Ende der Feder hin ansteigend verläuft. Hierdurch kann ein zu verlegendes Paneel besonders einfach mit seiner Feder an ein bereits verlegtes Paneel schräg angesetzt und anschließend eingeschwenkt werden.The locking on the long sides by tongue and groove additionally relieved when the bottom of the spring for free end of the spring rises. This can a panel to be installed is particularly easy with its spring attached to an already installed panel at an angle and can then be swiveled in.

Während der Schwenkbewegung beim Verlegen eines Paneelelementes soll ein Rastpunkt überwunden werden. Dieser Rastpunkt stellt nach erfolgter Verlegung die zuverlässige Beibehaltung der Lage der verlegten Paneelelemente sicher. Um eine möglichst sanfte Rastcharakteristik zu erzielen und damit das Verlegen zu vereinfachen, ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, diesen Rastpunkt zwischen der Rippe einerseits und dem Haltekanal andererseits auszubilden, wobei der Haltekanal im Bereich dieses Rastpunktes mit einem möglichst großen Radius verrundet ist, so dass sich kein plötzlich ansteigender, sondern ein sich möglichst sanft aufbauender, zu überwindender Rastdruck ergibt.During the swiveling movement when laying one Panel element should be overcome a rest point. This The rest point is the reliable one after installation Maintaining the position of the installed panel elements safely. Around to achieve the smoothest possible rest characteristics and thus simplifying the laying is advantageous provided this locking point between the rib on the one hand and the holding channel on the other hand, the Holding channel in the area of this rest point with one if possible large radius is rounded so that no sudden increasing, but building up as gently as possible, locking pressure to be overcome results.

Ein besonders intensiver Verbund der einzelnen Paneelelemente des Fußbodenbelages ist vorteilhaft, um Höhenunterschiede und damit Stoßkanten des Bodenbelags zu vermeiden und zusätzliche Haltekräfte auch in Längsrichtung der Paneelelemente bereitzustellen. Hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Paneelelemente nicht nur an ihren Längsseiten Nut- und Federprofile ausbilden, sondern auch an ihren Stirnseiten Haltemittel aufweisen, beispielsweise ebenfalls in Form von Nut- und Federprofilen. Falls vorgesehen ist, dass die Paneelelemente mit ihren Längsseiten schräg aneinandergesetzt werden und dann durch eine Schwenkbewegung ineinandergeführt werden können, kann die zugehörige stirnseitige Nut- und Federgeometrie beispielsweise so ausgestaltet sein, dass sie eine Verbindung zweier Paneelelemente ausschließlich durch eine horizontale Verschiebe-Bewegung in der Verlegeebene ermöglicht.A particularly intensive combination of the individual panel elements of the flooring is advantageous to level differences and thus avoiding abutting edges of the flooring and additional Holding forces also in the longitudinal direction of the panel elements provide. For this purpose it can be provided that the Panel elements not only on their long sides groove and Form spring profiles, but also on their end faces Have holding means, for example also in the form of Tongue and groove profiles. If it is provided that the Panel elements with their long sides slanted together are then brought into one another by a swiveling movement can be, the associated frontal groove and Spring geometry, for example, be designed so that it a connection of two panel elements exclusively through a horizontal shifting movement in the laying plane allows.

Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Haltemittel an den Stirnseiten derart gestaltet sind, dass sie eine Verriegelung zweier Paneelelemente im Wesentlichen durch eine quer zur Verlegeebene erfolgende Absenkbewegung ermöglichen. Diese Haltemittel verhindern erfindungsgemäß ebenso wie die Haltemittel an den Längsseiten, dass die miteinander verbundenen Paneelelemente bezüglich einander angehoben werden oder in einer Richtung senkrecht zu den Stirnseiten und parallel zu der Verlege-Ebene voneinander getrennt werden können. Als derartige Haltemittel können beliebige Einrichtungen vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere müssen diese nicht notwendigerweise als miteinander verriegelbare Nut und Feder gestaltet sein, sondern es kann allgemein eine Nut oder ein Kanal mit einer geeigneten Hinterschneidung vorhanden sein, in die ein vorstehendes Element, also eine Feder mit Vorsprüngen, die der Hinterschneidung der dazu komplementär gestalteten Nut entsprechen, oder ein Rastvorsprung oder - haken eingreifen kann.Alternatively, it can be provided that the holding means on the End faces are designed so that they are locked two panel elements essentially by one transverse to Allow the lowering movement to take place on the installation level. This Holding means prevent according to the invention just like that Retaining means on the long sides that that together connected panel elements raised with respect to each other or in a direction perpendicular to the end faces and separated from each other parallel to the laying level can. Any such holding means can be used Facilities may be provided. In particular, they must not necessarily as a lockable groove and Be designed tongue, but it can generally be a groove or a channel with a suitable undercut is available be in which a protruding element, i.e. a spring with Protrusions that complement the undercut of the designed groove, or a locking projection or - Hook can intervene.

Vorteilhaft ist vorgesehen, die Längsnut des Paneelelementes an das rechte Ende der stirnseitigen Nut anschließen zu lassen, wobei die Begriffe "rechts" und "links" bei Betrachtung von oben und von außerhalb, also nicht vom Mittelpunkt des Paneelelementes aus, auf ein verlegefertig ausgerichtetes, mit seiner Dekorseite nach oben weisendes Paneelelement gewählt sind. Diese Nutanordnung ist für die übliche Verlegeweise der Paneelelemente unüblich und überraschend, denn üblicherweise schließt sich die Längsnut eines Paneelelementes an das linke Ende der stirnseitigen Nut an:The longitudinal groove of the panel element is advantageously provided connect to the right end of the front groove leave, the terms "right" and "left" in Viewing from above and from outside, not from Center of the panel element, ready for installation aligned, with its decorative side facing upwards Panel element are selected. This groove arrangement is for the usual way of laying the panel elements unusual and surprising, because the longitudinal groove usually closes a panel element to the left end of the front groove on:

Die übliche Verlegesystematik, wie sie von professionellen Fußbodenverlegern durchgeführt wird und wie sie aus den Verlegeanleitungen handelsüblicher Fußboden-Paneelsysteme bekannt ist, sieht vor, dass von einer bestimmte Raumecke ausgehend der Bodenbelag verlegt wird. Um eine zuverlässige Verbindung zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente zu erreichen, muss üblicherweise eine gewisse Presskraft ausgeübt werden. Hierzu wird üblicherweise ein Schlagklotz verwendet, der auf die Nutkante des neu zu verlegenden Paneelelementes gesetzt wird und der den mittels eines Hammers ausgeübten Schlag aufnehmen und verteilen soll, so dass das neu zu verlegende Paneelelement mit seiner Feder in die Nut eines bereits verlegten Paneelelementes eingepreßt wird.The usual laying system, as used by professional Flooring is carried out and how they come from the Installation instructions for commercially available floor panel systems is known, that of a certain corner of the room starting from the floor covering. To be reliable To achieve the connection of two adjacent panel elements, a certain amount of pressure must usually be exerted. A tapping block is usually used for this purpose the groove edge of the new panel element to be installed and the blow made by means of a hammer should record and distribute so that the newly to be relocated Panel element with its tongue in the groove of an already installed panel element is pressed.

In der Praxis ist nicht auszuschließen, insbesondere bei der Verlegung des Fußbodens durch Laien, dass der Schlagklotz verkantet an die Nutkante angesetzt wird, so dass hier die Gefahr einer unzulässig hohen Kantenpressung durch den Schlag besteht. Als Folge kann die Kante des Paneelelementes verformt und Oberfläche beschädigt werden, so dass sich an der verformten Stelle eine unerwünschte Fuge ergeben kann oder dort eine nach oben ragende Stoßkante entsteht. Zudem kann dort der erwünschte Feuchtigkeitsschutz des Fußbodens gefährdet werden.In practice, it cannot be ruled out, especially with the Laying the floor by lay people that the tapping block is tilted to the groove edge, so that here the Risk of impermissibly high edge pressure from the blow consists. As a result, the edge of the panel element deformed and surface are damaged, so that the deformed area can result in an undesirable joint or there is an upstanding protruding edge. moreover can provide the desired moisture protection of the floor be endangered.

Durch die hier vorgeschlagene Geometrie wird eine unübliche Verlegesystematik begünstigt, bei der unter Beibehaltung der üblichen Verlegerichtung der Schlagklotz nicht an die Nutkante, sondern an die Federkante des Paneelelementes angesetzt wird. Die durch den Schlag aufzubringenden Presskräfte, um die beiden Paneelelemente miteinander zu verrasten, sind nicht so groß, dass Verformungen der,Feder zu erwarten sind, welche die Verbindung der beiden Paneelelemente behindern könnten. In jedem Fall wird bei Ansetzen eines Schlagklotzes an die Feder die Oberfläche des Paneelelementes nicht in Mitleidenschaft gezogen, so dass die gewünschte Oberflächenqualität des Fußbodenbelages zuverlässig sichergestellt ist.The geometry proposed here makes it unusual Laying system favors, while maintaining the usual laying direction of the tapping block not to the Groove edge, but to the tongue edge of the panel element is scheduled. The ones to be brought up by the blow Pressing forces to close the two panel elements together lock, are not so large that deformation of the, spring too are expecting which is the connection of the two Could interfere with panel elements. In any case, at Put a tapping block on the spring the surface of the Panel element not affected, so the Desired surface quality of the floor covering is reliably ensured.

Den eingangs erwähnten Einführungskanal unterstützend kann an der Unterseite der Feder vorgesehen sein, diese Unterseite zum freien Ende der Feder hin nach oben ansteigen zu lassen, also die Unterseite der Feder abzuschrägen bzw. zu verrunden. Auf diese Weise wird ein besonders leichtes Einführen der Feder in die Nut auch bei schräg angesetztem Paneelelement begünstigt.Supporting the introduction channel mentioned at the beginning can be on the underside of the spring, this underside to let it rise towards the free end of the spring, so chamfer the bottom of the spring or round it. In this way, a particularly easy insertion of the Tongue in the groove even when the panel element is set at an angle favored.

Während der Schwenkbewegung beim Verlegen eines Paneelelementes soll ein Rastpunkt überwunden werden. Dieser Rastpunkt stellt nach erfolgter Verlegung die zuverlässige Beibehaltung der Lage der verlegten Paneelelemente sicher. Um eine möglichst sanfte Rastcharakteristik zu erzielen und damit das Verlegen zu vereinfachen, ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, diesen Rastpunkt zwischen der Rippe einerseits und dem Haltekanal andererseits auszubilden, wobei der Haltekanal im Bereich dieses Rastpunktes mit einem möglichst großen Radius verrundet ist, so dass sich kein plötzlich ansteigender, sondern ein sich möglichst sanft aufbauender, zu überwindender Rastdruck ergibt.During the swiveling movement when laying one Panel element should be overcome a rest point. This The rest point is the reliable one after installation Maintaining the position of the installed panel elements safely. Around to achieve the smoothest possible rest characteristics and thus simplifying the laying is advantageous provided this locking point between the rib on the one hand and the holding channel on the other hand, the Holding channel in the area of this rest point with one if possible large radius is rounded so that no sudden increasing, but building up as gently as possible, locking pressure to be overcome results.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachfolgend werden beispielhaft in den Zeichnungen dargestellte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung näher erläutert.
Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch den Bereich der Nut- und Federausbildung der Längsseiten zweier miteinander verbundener, benachbarter Paneelelemente,
Fig. 2 und 3
die Verbindung der Längsseiten der beiden Paneelelemente von Fig. 1 in verschiedenen Verlegestadien,
Fig. 4
eine schematische, detailarme und perspektivische Ansicht auf die Oberseite eines Paneelelementes,
Fig. 5 und 6
jeweils einen Querschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer stirnseitigen Nut- bzw. Federausgestaltung eines Paneelelementes, und die
Fig. 7 und 8
jeweils einen Querschnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer stirnseitigen Nut- bzw. Federausgestaltung eines Paneelelementes.
Embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings are explained in more detail below.
Show it:
Fig. 1
3 shows a cross section through the area of the tongue and groove formation of the long sides of two interconnected, adjacent panel elements,
2 and 3
the connection of the long sides of the two panel elements from FIG. 1 in different laying stages,
Fig. 4
1 shows a schematic, low-detail and perspective view of the top of a panel element,
5 and 6
in each case a cross section through a first embodiment of an end groove or tongue configuration of a panel element, and the
7 and 8
in each case a cross section through a second exemplary embodiment of an end groove or tongue configuration of a panel element.

Ausführliche Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der ErfindungDetailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

In Fig. 1 sind mit 1 zwei gleichartige Paneelelemente bezeichnet, wobei das eine Paneelelement 1 eine Nut 2 aufweist und das andere Paneelelement 1 eine Feder 3, welche sich in die Nut 2 des benachbarten Paneelelementes 1 erstreckt. Die Materialstärke der Paneelelemente 1 beträgt überhalb der Nut 2 bzw. oberhalb der Feder 3 geringfügig mehr als unterhalb der Nut 2 bzw. der Feder 3, so dass Druckbelastungen durch Personen oder Möbel vergleichsweise gut aufgefangen werden können und die Nut- und Federverbindung möglichst wenig belasten.In Fig. 1 with 1 are two similar panel elements referred to, wherein the one panel element 1 a groove 2nd has and the other panel element 1 a spring 3, which into the groove 2 of the adjacent panel element 1 extends. The material thickness of the panel elements 1 is slightly more above the groove 2 or above the tongue 3 than below the groove 2 or the tongue 3, so that Comparative pressure loads from people or furniture can be caught well and the groove and Load the spring connection as little as possible.

Gegen nach oben abhebende Kräfte sind die beiden Paneelelemente 1 durch den Verzahnungseffekt von Nut 2 einerseits und Feder 3 andererseits gesichert, ebenso gegenüber nach unten wirkenden Druckkräften zusätzlich zu der Abstützung der Paneelelemente 1 durch den Untergrund, auf dem diese beiden Paneelelemente 1 verlegt sind. The two are against uplifting forces Panel elements 1 through the interlocking effect of groove 2 on the one hand and spring 3 on the other hand secured, likewise against downward pressure forces in addition to the Support of the panel elements 1 by the surface on which these two panel elements 1 are installed.

Gegen Trennkräfte, die quer zur Längsrichtung der Paneelelemente 1 wirken, sind die Paneelelemente 1 durch eine Berührungsfläche 4 gesichert. Entlang dieser Berührungsfläche 4 liegt eine Rippe 5, die an der Unterseite der Feder 3 ausgebildet ist, an der Seitenwand eines Haltekanales 6 an.Against separating forces that are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the Panel elements 1 act, the panel elements 1 by one Touch surface 4 secured. Along this interface 4 is a rib 5, which is on the underside of the spring 3rd is formed on the side wall of a holding channel 6.

Die zu diesen Trennkräften entgegengesetzt wirkenden Kräfte, die die beiden Paneelelemente 1 gegeneinander zu schieben bestrebt sind, werden durch eine Berührungsfläche 7 aufgefangen, an der die beiden Paneelelemente 1 aneinander anliegen und die sich von der Oberkante der beiden Paneelelemente 1 nach unten erstreckt.The forces acting counter to these separating forces, to push the two panel elements 1 against each other are endeavored by a contact surface 7 caught on the two panel elements 1 to each other and that are from the top of the two Panel elements 1 extends downwards.

In dem aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen, verlegten Zustand ergeben sich vier Kontaktstellen 8a bis 8d, wobei die Kontaktstelle 8c mit der Berührungsfläche 4 identisch ist. Durch diese vier Kontaktstellen 8a bis 8d sind die beiden Paneelelemente 1 hinsichtlich trennender oder abwinkelnder Kräfte fixiert, so dass lediglich eine Parallelverschiebung der beiden Paneelelemente 1 in ihrer Längsrichtung gegeneinander möglich ist, ohne zusätzliche Haltekräfte überwinden zu müssen.In the installed state shown in FIG. 1 there are four contact points 8a to 8d, the contact point 8c is identical to the contact surface 4. Through these four Contact points 8a to 8d are the two panel elements 1 fixed with regard to separating or angling forces, so that just a parallel shift of the two Panel elements 1 in their longitudinal direction possible against each other is without having to overcome additional holding forces.

In Fig. 1 ist eine leimfreie Verbindung der beiden Paneelelemente 1 dargestellt. Eine Ausnehmung 9 oberhalb der Feder 3 und unterhalb der oberen Berührungsfläche 7 kann jedoch als Leimaufnahmekanal dienen, um überschüssigen Leim aufzunehmen, falls die beiden Paneelelemente 1 mit Hilfe von Leim dauerhaft und fugenversiegelnd miteinander verbunden werden sollen.In Fig. 1 is a glue-free connection of the two Panel elements 1 shown. A recess 9 above the Spring 3 and below the upper contact surface 7 can however, serve as a glue intake channel to remove excess glue record if the two panel elements 1 with the help of Glue bonded together permanently and sealed should be.

Fig. 2 zeigt die beiden Paneelelemente 1 während der Verlegung. Dabei ist das linke Paneelelement 1, von dem die Nut 2 sichtbar ist, bereits verlegt. Das zweite Paneelelement 1 wird mit seiner Feder 3 schräg an die Seitenkante des ersten Paneelelementes 1 angesetzt und dabei wird die Feder 3 möglichst weit in die Nut 2 eingeführt. Dies wird dadurch erleichtert, dass die Nut 2 eine Oberkante 10 aufweist, die zur Mündung der Nut 2 hin ansteigend verläuft und auf diese Weise einen insbesondere aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Einführungskanal 11 bildet.Fig. 2 shows the two panel elements 1 during the Laying. The left panel element 1, of which the Groove 2 is visible, already installed. The second panel element 1 is with its spring 3 obliquely to the side edge of the the first panel element 1 and the spring 3 inserted as far as possible into the groove 2. This will be relieved that the groove 2 has an upper edge 10, the runs up to the mouth of the groove 2 and on this Wise one particularly apparent from FIG. 1 Entry channel 11 forms.

Ebenso weist die Feder 3 eine Unterseite 12 auf, die zum freien Ende der Feder 3 hin abgeschrägt ist, also ansteigend verläuft, so dass das rechte Paneelelement 1 in seiner aus Fig. 2 ersichtlichen Schrägstellung möglichst weit in die Nut 2 eingeführt werden kann. Diese Einführbewegung wird einerseits durch den Kontakt der Feder 3 mit den oberen und unteren Begrenzungskanten der Nut 2 begrenzt und andererseits durch einen Kontakt der beiden Paneelelemente 1 im Bereich ihrer oberen Berührungsfläche 7.Likewise, the spring 3 has an underside 12, which for free end of the spring 3 is chamfered, so increasing runs, so that the right panel element 1 in its Fig. 2 apparent inclination as far as possible in the groove 2 can be introduced. This introductory movement will on the one hand by the contact of the spring 3 with the upper and bounded lower boundary edges of the groove 2 and on the other hand by a contact of the two panel elements 1 in the area its upper contact surface 7.

In Fig. 3 ist das rechte Paneelelement 1 gegenüber Fig. 2 flacher und weniger steil abgewinkelt, so dass es weiter in die Nut 2 eingeführt werden konnte. Die Rippe 5 gelangt dabei mit ihrer abgerundeten Unterkante gegen einen Abschnitt 14, der zwischen dem Haltekanal 6 und der Seitenkante des Paneelelementes 1 verläuft. Der Übergang von diesem Abschnitt 14 zu dem Haltekanal 6 verläuft mit einem vergleichsweise großen Radius: Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht der Radius dieser Verrundung etwa der halben Breite des Haltekanales 6 bzw. der halben Breite des Materials unterhalb des Abschnittes 14.In FIG. 3, the right panel element 1 is compared to FIG. 2 flatter and less steeply angled so that it continues in the groove 2 could be inserted. The rib 5 comes here with its rounded lower edge against a section 14, the between the holding channel 6 and the side edge of the Panel element 1 runs. The transition from this section 14 to the holding channel 6 runs with a comparatively large radius: in the illustrated embodiment the radius of this rounding corresponds approximately to half Width of the holding channel 6 or half the width of the Materials below section 14.

Durch diese "sanfte" Verrundung zwischen dem Abschnitt 14 und dem Haltekanal 6 baut sich beim weiteren Einführen der Feder 3 in die Nut 2 langsam ein Rastdruck auf, der beim Verlegen des rechten Paneelelementes 1 überwunden werden muss, bis die beiden Paneelelemente dann in ihrer aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen, miteinander verbundenen Form angeordnet sind. In diesem verlegten Zustand liegen die beiden Paneelelemente 1 einander spielfrei, aber auch spannungsfrei an, wobei die Rippe 5 spannungsfrei in dem Haltekanal 6 aufgenommnen ist. Der zum Abheben des verlegten Paneelelementes 1 erneut zu überwindende Rastdruck sichert den Verbund der beiden Paneelelemente 1. Es ist zu ergänzen, dass die Verriegelungskonturen derart gestaltet sind, dass an der aufzunehmenden Feder 3 ein Übermaß ausgebildet ist. Mit anderen Worten ist die Abmessung an dem Paneel, das die Feder 3 aufweist, zwischen der Berührfläche 7 und dem gemäß Fig. 1 rechten Rand der Rippe 5, also der Kontaktstelle 8c, größer als das entsprechende Maß an dem Paneel, das die Nut aufweist, also die Abmessung zwischen der Berührstelle 7 und derjenigen Stelle des Haltekanales 6, an dem die dritte Kontaktstelle 8c ausgebildet ist. Es sei ergänzt, dass der Haltekanal insgesamt leicht gerundet ausgebildet ist, und dass auch die Unterseite der Rippe 5 gerundet ist. Die dritte Kontaktstelle 8c ist jedoch derart vorgesehen, dass die Tangente daran zumindest weitgehend vertikal ausgerichtet ist, so dass hierdurch die Paneele in der horizontalen Richtung bezüglich einander positioniert werden. Auch die Kontaktstelle 8d ist in der Umgebung des Haltekanales 6 an einem gerundeten Bereich ausgebildet. Die Tangente daran ist jedoch bei dem gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel weitgehend horizontal, allgemein unter einem Winkel zur dritten Kontaktstelle 8c ausgerichtet, so dass die Paneele in vertikaler Richtung bezüglich einander positioniert werden, und ein Lösen und Höhenunterschiede auch bei einem unebenen Untergrund verhindert werden. This "gentle" rounding between section 14 and the holding channel 6 builds when the spring is inserted further 3 in the groove 2 slowly a locking pressure on the laying of the right panel element 1 must be overcome until the the two panel elements then in their visible from FIG. 1, interconnected form are arranged. In this in the installed state, the two panel elements 1 lie opposite one another backlash-free, but also tension-free, the rib 5 is tension-free received in the holding channel 6. The for Lift off the installed panel element 1 again Overcoming locking pressure secures the bond between the two Panel elements 1. It should be added that the Locking contours are designed so that on the to be accommodated spring 3 is formed an oversize. With in other words, the dimension on the panel that is the spring 3, between the contact surface 7 and that according to FIG. 1 right edge of the rib 5, ie the contact point 8c, larger than the corresponding dimension on the panel that the groove has, ie the dimension between the contact point 7 and that point of the holding channel 6 at which the third Contact point 8c is formed. It should be added that the Holding channel is slightly rounded overall, and that the bottom of the rib 5 is also rounded. The third Contact point 8c is however provided such that the Tangent at least largely aligned vertically is, so that the panels in the horizontal Direction with respect to each other. Also the Contact point 8d is in the vicinity of the holding channel 6 formed a rounded area. The tangent to it is however in the preferred embodiment shown largely horizontal, generally at an angle to third contact point 8c aligned so that the panels in be positioned vertically with respect to each other, and loosening and height differences even on an uneven one Be prevented.

Aus Fig. 4 ist in einer rein schematischen und perspektivischen Darstellung ein Paneelelement 1 ersichtlich, mit jeweils einer längsverlaufenden Nut 2 bzw. Feder 3. Das Paneelelement 1 ist verlegefertig ausgerichtet, also mit seiner Sicht- oder Dekorseite nach oben. Auch an den Stirnseiten ist dieses Paneelelement 1 mit einer stirnseitigen Nut 15 und einer stirnseitigen Feder 16 versehen. Die längsverlaufende Nut 2 schließt dabei, in der Betrachtungsrichtung "B" von oben und außerhalb des Paneelelementes 1 gesehen, an das rechte Ende der stirnseitigen Nut 15 an. Auf diese Weise wird unter Beibehaltung der üblichen Verlege-Richtung des Bodenbelages eine Verlegesystematik ermöglicht, bei der, falls mit einem Schlagklotz gearbeitet wird, dieser Schlagklotz nicht an die Seitenkante des Paneelelementes 1 angesetzt wird, an der sich die Nut 2 befindet. Vielmehr kann der Schlagklotz unmittelbar an die Feder 3 angesetzt werden, so dass selbst bei Verkantungen des Schlagklotzes Beschädigungen der Oberfläche des Paneelelementes 1 zuverlässig ausgeschlossen werden können.4 is in a purely schematic and perspective view of a panel element 1 can be seen, each with a longitudinal groove 2 or tongue 3. Das Panel element 1 is aligned ready for installation, i.e. with its visible or decorative side up. Also on the This panel element 1 has an end face front groove 15 and a front tongue 16 Mistake. The longitudinal groove 2 closes in the Viewing direction "B" from above and outside the Panel element 1 seen, to the right end of the front groove 15 on. This way, under Maintaining the usual laying direction of the floor covering a laying system enables, if, with a Tapping block is working, this tapping block is not designed for Side edge of the panel element 1 is attached to the the groove 2 is located. Rather, the tapping block can be used immediately be attached to the spring 3, so that even at Tilting of the tapping block damage to the surface of the panel element 1 can be reliably excluded can.

Die korrespondierenden Hinterschneidungen der längsseitigen Nut 2 bzw. Feder 3, also insbesondere die Ausgestaltung der Rippe 5 und des Haltekanales 6, können ggf. so stark gewählt sein, dass ein problemloses horizontales Ineinanderschieben in der Verlegeebene nicht vorgesehen ist. Demgegenüber sind derartig stark ausgeprägte Hinterschneidungen bei der stirnseitigen Nut- und Federgeometrie nicht vorgesehen, so dass durch eine Verschiebung zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente 1 längs zueinander die Stirnseite des verschobenen Paneelelementes 1 mit einem weiteren, dritten Paneelelement 1 verbunden werden kann, wie aus den Fig. 5 und 6 hervorgeht:The corresponding undercuts on the long sides Groove 2 or tongue 3, in particular the design of the Rib 5 and the holding channel 6 can optionally be chosen as strong be that smooth horizontal nesting is not provided in the installation level. Are against such pronounced undercuts in the frontal tongue and groove geometry not provided, see above that by moving two neighboring ones Panel elements 1 along the end face of the displaced panel element 1 with another, third Panel element 1 can be connected, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 shows:

In Fig. 5 ist die stirnseitige Feder 16a des Paneelelementes 1 im Querschnitt detaillierter dargestellt. Auch hier ist oberhalb der Feder 16a eine Ausnehmung 9 als Leimaufnahmekanal vorgesehen und unterhalb der Feder 16a ist eine Rippe 17 vorgesehen, die wie die längsseitige Rippe 5 an ihrer Unterseite verrundet ist. Fig. 6 zeigt die korrespondierende, stirnseitige Nut 15a mit einem Haltekanal 18 zur Aufnahme der Rippe 17. Die Formgebung von Rippe 17 und Haltekanal 18 ermöglicht es, die Feder 16a in die zugehörige Nut 15a einzuführen, indem das die Feder 16a aufweisende Paneelelement 1 lediglich horizontal gegen das benachbarte, die Nut 17 aufweisende Paneelelement 1 verschoben wird. Auch im Rahmen der stirnseitigen Verriegelung ist ein Übermaß an der Feder ausgebildet, so dass die an der Feder vorhandene Rippe 17a in der Art einer Presspassung, wie dies auch bei der längsseitigen Verriegelung der Fall ist, in dem Haltekanal 18 aufgenommen wird.In Fig. 5 is the front spring 16a of the panel element 1 shown in more detail in cross section. Here too a recess 9 above the spring 16a Glue receiving channel is provided and is below the spring 16a a rib 17 is provided which, like the longitudinal rib 5 its bottom is rounded. Fig. 6 shows the corresponding front groove 15a with a holding channel 18 for receiving the rib 17. The shape of rib 17 and Holding channel 18 allows the spring 16a in the associated Insert groove 15a by the spring 16a Panel element 1 only horizontally against the neighboring, the groove 17 having panel element 1 is displaced. Also there is an oversize in the context of the front locking of the spring so that the existing on the spring Rib 17a in the manner of an interference fit, as is also the case with the longitudinal locking is the case in which Holding channel 18 is added.

Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen eine alternative Ausgestaltung der stirnseitigen Nut 15 und der stirnseitigen Feder 16: Die Feder 16b erstreckt sich nicht in der horizontalen Ebene des Paneelelementes 1, sondern etwa senkrecht zu dieser Ebene nach unten. Die korrespondierende Nut 15b mündet dementsprechend nach oben zur Aufnahme der Feder 16b.7 and 8 show an alternative embodiment of the Front groove 15 and the front tongue 16: The Spring 16b does not extend in the horizontal plane of the Panel element 1, but approximately perpendicular to this plane downward. The corresponding groove 15b opens out accordingly upwards to accommodate the spring 16b.

Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung der stirnseitigen Nut 15b und Feder 16b kann eine Verlegemethode gewählt werden, bei der das zu verlegende Paneelelement 1 schräg an bereits verlegte Paneelelemente angesetzt wird und dann in der beschriebenen Weise nach unten verschwenkt wird. Anschließend wird dieses Paneelelement jedoch nicht mehr horizontal verschoben. Vielmehr wird das Paneelelement mit seiner Stirnseite von vornherein mit der Stirnseite eines bereits verlegten Paneelelementes 1 überlappend angeordnet, so dass beim Herabschwenken des zu verlegenden Paneelelementes dessen Stirnseite mit der Feder 16b in die Nut 15b der Stirnseite eines bereits verlegten Paneel-elementes 1 eintaucht. Wenn auch die Bewegung des abgesenkten Paneelelementes 1 genau genommen eine Schwenkbewegung ist, so kann doch die Verzahnung von Nut 15b und Feder 16b im wesentlichen als eine Absenkbewegung beschrieben werden, die quer zur Fläche des Paneelelementes 1 erfolgt.With such a configuration of the front groove 15b and spring 16b, a laying method can be chosen at the panel element 1 to be installed at an angle installed panel elements and then in the described is pivoted down. Subsequently however, this panel element is no longer horizontal postponed. Rather, the panel element with its Front from the start with the front of one already laid panel element 1 arranged overlapping, so that when swiveling down the panel element to be installed End face with the spring 16b in the groove 15b of the end face of an already installed panel element 1 dips. If the movement of the lowered Panel element 1 is actually a pivoting movement, so can the teeth of groove 15b and tongue 16b in are essentially described as a lowering movement transversely to the surface of the panel element 1.

Dabei weist die Nut 15b eine Hinterschneidung auf und die Feder 16b ist mit entsprechenden Vorsprüngen konturiert, im dargestellten, rein schematischen Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine leicht ballige Kontur, so dass nach Überwindung einer Rastkraft, mit der die Feder 16b in die Nut 15b gepresst wird, Haltekräfte aufgebaut werden können, die ein verlegtes Paneelelement 1 auch in seinem Stirnbereich gegen abhebende Kräfte sichern und eine von Stoßkanten freie, glatte Bodenoberfläche auch im Bereich der Trennstellen an den Stirnkanten zweier benachbarter Paneelelemente ermöglichen.The groove 15b has an undercut and the Spring 16b is contoured with corresponding projections illustrated, purely schematic embodiment a slightly convex contour, so that after overcoming one Latching force with which the spring 16b is pressed into the groove 15b holding forces can be built up, which is a misplaced Panel element 1 also in its forehead area against lifting Secure forces and a smooth, free of abutting edges Floor surface also in the area of the separation points at the Allow front edges of two adjacent panel elements.

Die in den Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellte, rein schematische und ballig dargestellte Konturierung von Feder 16b und Nut 15b ermöglicht unter Überwindung der entsprechenden Rastkräfte die zerstörungsfreie Demontage der Paneelelemente 1 und das Lösen ihres stirnseitigen Verbundes. Insbesondere wenn die Feder 16b an ihrer Unterseite vergleichsweise sanft divergiert und weiter oben in einem stärkeren Maße wieder zusammenläuft, kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein vergleichsweise leichtes Einführen der Feder 16b in die Nut 15b ermöglicht wird und demgegenüber erheblich höhere Haltekräfte, die allerdings auch eine Demontage der beiden Paneelelemente 1 erschweren. In diesem Fall kann vorgesehen sein, die Stirnseiten nicht durch Überwinden der Rastkräfte voneinander zu trennen, sondern durch eine Verschiebe-Bewegung, bei der Nut 15b und Feder 16b in ihrer Längsrichtung gegeneinander verschoben werden.The shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, purely schematic and crowned contouring of tongue 16b and groove 15b enables overcoming the corresponding locking forces the non-destructive disassembly of the panel elements 1 and that Loosen their frontal bond. Especially when the Spring 16b is comparatively gentle on its underside diverged and further up again to a greater extent converges, it can be provided that a comparative allows easy insertion of the spring 16b into the groove 15b is and in contrast significantly higher holding forces that however, disassembly of the two panel elements 1 difficult. In this case, the End faces not by overcoming the locking forces from each other to separate, but by a shifting movement in which Groove 15b and tongue 16b against each other in their longitudinal direction be moved.

Die Nut 15b weist vorteilhaft einen größeren freien Querschnitt auf als es dem Querschnitt der Feder 16b ermöglicht, so dass die Feder 16b spannungsfrei oder mit einer nach unten wirksamen Vorspannung innerhalb der Nut 15b gehalten werden kann und auch bei gewissen maßlichen Toleranzen der Feder 16b sichergestellt ist, dass keine Druckstellen zwischen der Feder 16b und der Nut 15b vorkommen können, die die Feder 16b nach oben drücken und ggf. für eine Stoßkante im Bereich der Trennstelle zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten benachbarter Paneelelemente sorgen könnten. Stattdessen ist vorteilhaft ausschließlich ein Kontakt im jeweils oberen Bereich zwischen der Nut 15b und der Feder 16b vorgesehen, so dass die Feder 16b zuverlässig aufgrund der Hinterschneidung der Nut 15b in dieser Nut 15b gehalten wird.The groove 15b advantageously has a larger free Cross section on than the cross section of the spring 16b enables, so that the spring 16b without tension or with a downward bias within groove 15b can be kept and also with certain dimensional Tolerances of the spring 16b ensure that none Pressure points occur between the spring 16b and the groove 15b can push the spring 16b up and, if necessary, for a Butt edge in the area of the separation point between the two End faces of adjacent panel elements could provide. Instead, only a contact in the each upper area between the groove 15b and the tongue 16b provided so that the spring 16b reliable due to the Undercut of the groove 15b is held in this groove 15b.

Claims (10)

  1. Panel elements (1), which can be connected in similar manner and to one another, to form a floor covering made from several similar panel elements (1) which can be connected to one another, having the following features:
    two first sides of each panel element designated as longitudinal sides have on the one hand a groove (2) formed by two groove side walls and on the other hand a spring (3),
    the spring (3) cooperates with the groove (2) of an adjacent, similar panel element (1) such that two panel elements (1) connected to one another are secured against separating forces, which act in both axes running vertically to the longitudinal side of the panel elements (1),
    the spring (3) has on its lower side a rib (5) running in the longitudinal direction of the spring (3),
    the groove (2) has on its lower side a holding channel (6) to receive the rib (5) of an adjacent panel element (1),
    the upper edge (10) of the groove (2) runs to the mouth of the groove (2) rising so that an introduction channel (11) is provided for the spring (3) of a second panel element (1) set at an angle to the plane of laying,
    groove (2) and spring (3) of two panel elements (1) connected to one another have four defined contact points (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d),
    a first contact point (8a) is formed on the upper side of the spring itself and on the upper groove side wall,
    a second contact point (8b) is formed on the lower side of the spring itself and on the lower groove side wall, and
    a third contact point (8c) is formed on the outer side wall of the holding channel (6),
    characterised by the following further feature:
    a fourth contact point (8d) is formed on a rounded transition between the holding channel (6) and the side edge of the panel element (1) at an angle to the third contact point (8c).
  2. Panel elements according to claim 1, characterised in that the material thickness of each panel element (1) above the spring (3) or the groove (2) is at least equally large as the material thickness of the panel element (1) below the spring (3) or the groove (2).
  3. Panel elements according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that two adjacent panel elements (1) above the spring (3) have an upper contact surface (7) extending as far as the upper side of the panel elements (1), wherein a recess (9) to receive foreign materials, such as glue, is provided above the spring (3) and below the contact surface (7).
  4. Panel elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that two panel elements (1) connected to one another come into contact both at the upper contact surface (7), which limits pushing-together of the panel elements (1), and with the holding channel (6) on the one hand and the rib (5) on the other hand such that this lower contact surface (4) thus formed limits a pulling movement separating the two panel elements (1) in the plane of laying of the flooring, wherein the two contact surfaces (4, 7) effect clearance-free arrangement of the two panel elements (1) against one another.
  5. Panel elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lower side of the spring (3) runs rising towards the free end of the spring (3).
  6. Panel elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transition runs from the holding channel (6) to the section (14) of the lower edge of the groove (2), which extends between the holding channel (6) and the side edge of each panel element (1), rounded with a comparatively large radius.
  7. Panel elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that two second sides of the panel elements (1) designated as end-face sides are provided with holding means, such as on the one hand with a groove (15) and on the other hand with a spring (16), which form an end-face side connection of two adjacent panel elements (1).
  8. Panel elements according to claim 7, characterised in that the end-face side grooves (15a) and springs (16a) can be connected to one another by means of a pushing movement of the two panel elements (1) in the plane of laying.
  9. Panel elements according to claim 7, characterised in that the end-face side grooves (15b) and springs (16b) can be connected to one another by means of a lowering movement of the one panel element (1) onto an already laid panel element (1) taking place essentially transversely to the plane of laying.
  10. Panel elements according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the groove (2) running on the longitudinal side of each panel element (1) is connected to the right-hand end of the end-face side groove (15).
EP01909621A 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering Expired - Lifetime EP1224365B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10001076 2000-01-13
DE10001076A DE10001076C1 (en) 2000-01-13 2000-01-13 Panel element to construct floor covering; has groove and spring on opposite longitudinal sides and has groove and tongue on opposite end faces, to connect and secure adjacent panel elements
PCT/EP2001/000360 WO2001051733A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel element

Publications (2)

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EP1224365A1 EP1224365A1 (en) 2002-07-24
EP1224365B1 true EP1224365B1 (en) 2004-04-07

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EP01909621A Expired - Lifetime EP1224365B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering
EP06015576A Withdrawn EP1722042A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering
EP01909620A Expired - Lifetime EP1246981B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements

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EP06015576A Withdrawn EP1722042A1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements for floor covering
EP01909620A Expired - Lifetime EP1246981B1 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-01-12 Panel elements

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US (2) US6880307B2 (en)
EP (3) EP1224365B1 (en)
JP (2) JP3850292B2 (en)
KR (2) KR100596190B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1243896C (en)
AT (2) ATE263882T1 (en)
AU (3) AU2001237298B2 (en)
CA (2) CA2397653C (en)
CY (1) CY1106647T1 (en)
CZ (3) CZ304961B6 (en)
DE (5) DE10001076C1 (en)
DK (2) DK1246981T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2284622T3 (en)
NO (2) NO321531B1 (en)
PT (2) PT1246981E (en)
RU (2) RU2245973C2 (en)
SI (2) SI20881B (en)
SK (2) SK10262002A3 (en)
TR (1) TR200400867T4 (en)
WO (2) WO2001051732A1 (en)

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