EP0715286B1 - Method for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles - Google Patents
Method for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- EP0715286B1 EP0715286B1 EP95250278A EP95250278A EP0715286B1 EP 0715286 B1 EP0715286 B1 EP 0715286B1 EP 95250278 A EP95250278 A EP 95250278A EP 95250278 A EP95250278 A EP 95250278A EP 0715286 B1 EP0715286 B1 EP 0715286B1
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- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
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- the present invention relates to a method for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle data, information about the operating status and / or the environment of the vehicles contain, and position data, the information about the position of the Vehicles in a predetermined coordinate system for a specific one Contain time after recording the accruing vehicle and position data in an interval in the vehicle itself for wireless transmission of the vehicle and Position data to a central computer, the interval of a predetermined Time span or a predetermined distance.
- the invention provides that the vehicle and position data between at least some vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet that form an exchange group, be exchanged and the prepared vehicle and position data of one Exchange group by a selected vehicle from this exchange group be transferred to the central computer.
- the preparation can initially in each Sample vehicle and then from the selected vehicle to the Central computer to be forwarded or the data is only through that for the Prepared communication with the central computer selected vehicle.
- a particularly simple assignment of the sample vehicles to one Exchange group is achieved in that everyone is predetermined in one Vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet form.
- the sample vehicles exchanging the data can with this Prerequisite based on the position data of another vehicle received information immediately and without inquiry or selection process decide whether it is a vehicle of your own exchange group and thus information to be considered.
- all immediately adjacent vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet one Form an exchange group. This is useful because it is immediate neighboring vehicles the likelihood that similar vehicle data will be acquired become relatively large.
- a further embodiment provides that everyone is on the same Road stop vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet an exchange group form. Also in this case the likelihood is that similar vehicle data be detected, relatively large.
- the amount of data to be transmitted by the exchange group can in particular thereby be kept low that the processed vehicle data only if this themselves or their change exceed a predetermined tolerance value, and the Position data, regularly after covering a certain distance or after a specified period of time has elapsed, through which the Central computer communicating vehicle of the exchange group to the Central computer are transmitted.
- the position of the exchange group it is preferably provided that at least part of the vehicle data averaged over the exchange group and with regard to the geographical position of the group only the position data of the with the Central computer communicating vehicle transmitted to the central computer , which further reduces the amount of data to be transferred.
- the Invention proposed, position data and averaged over the exchange group an average radius of expansion of the exchange group to the central computer to transfer.
- This position data can be obtained by additional transmission of the middle one Fluctuation range of the average radius of expansion of the exchange group to the Central computer can be completed in a simple manner.
- the vehicle and position data of the exchange group transmitted to the central computer via a radio telephone.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the vehicles Exchange group the vehicle and position data via short-range communication facilities, especially short-range transmitters and receivers, exchange with each other. This will significantly relieve the strain on the radio telephone network reached.
- 1 and 2 show the course of a freeway section and several Road sections.
- the Road sections are the positions of the sample vehicles at a time certain point in time in the form of black dots, which are in a Move the direction of the motorway and road sections.
- a vehicle in a sample fleet has sensors installed in the vehicle that continuously changing state variables such as B. the speed that Engine speed, outside temperature, humidity, etc.
- the Vehicle also has sensors that detect discrete state variables, such as. B. the Position of various switches (wipers, lights, fog lights, Rear window heating, etc.) record.
- the vehicle is still with devices equipped, the operation of active devices (actuators) such.
- the GPS receiver continuously generates in predetermined time intervals position data that the current position (length, Width, time) of the vehicle in a predetermined coordinate system (Longitude, latitude) contains.
- the sensors and devices data generated to indicate the operation of the actuators form the vehicle data, from which a central computer in connection with the corresponding position data (including the associated time data) information or predictions about the Traffic situation and road conditions can be calculated.
- sample vehicles are in groups summarized, the points in a circle (vehicles) each one Form an exchange group. Individual vehicles can also have several Belong to exchange groups.
- the sample vehicle F6 in FIG. 1 belongs for example, two exchange groups.
- Position data includes the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet Communication facilities equipped so that several vehicles each Sample vehicle fleet their vehicle and position data among themselves can exchange. In the case outlined in FIG. 1, neighboring ones swap Sample vehicles their data.
- the communication facilities, short-range transmitters and receivers in particular are designed so that they only have limited range.
- a predetermined vehicle each Exchange group prepares the vehicle and position data. The preparation of the For example, vehicle data can be such that all are continuously changing State variables of the sample vehicles of an exchange group are averaged and the state with the greatest frequency is determined for the discrete state variables becomes.
- the average activity of the actuators in the vehicles of the exchange group can can be recorded by adding up the number of activities and by the number the sample vehicles belonging to the exchange group is divided.
- Preparation of the vehicle data is carried out together with the position data of the communicating with the central computer, predetermined vehicle to the Central computer transmitted.
- This procedure is useful because the one Exchange group belonging vehicles only a relatively small spatial Have a distance from each other and often even drive on the same road.
- a part of Vehicle data for example the status "airbag triggered”, is generated directly, ie without Preparation, forwarded to the central computer.
- the transmission of the vehicle and Position data of the exchange group to the central computer through the The predetermined vehicle is expediently carried out via a radio telephone network.
- the central computer instead of the position data communicating vehicle, the position data of all vehicles of the Exchange group to average, an average radius of expansion of the exchange group and to determine the mean fluctuation range of the radius of expansion and the like certain exchange group position, the radius of expansion and its Fluctuation range as position data of the exchange group to the central computer to transfer.
- the road network with the sample vehicles according to FIG. 1 is the same divided large areas.
- all are Sample vehicles assigned to an exchange group that are in one of the same large areas a1-d3.
- vehicles F4, F5, F9 in area b1 an exchange group.
- the short-range communication facilities of the sample vehicles is carried out in such a way that in addition to the vehicle data, only an identifier of the area field is sent, by the vehicle currently being sent out.
- the short-range receivers only let the received signals pass that have the same identifier.
- only the sample vehicles that communicate with each other stay in the same area and form an exchange group.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung einer aus Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu übertragenden Datenmenge von Fahrzeugdaten, die Informationen über den Betriebszustand und/oder die Umgebung der Fahrzeuge enthalten, und Positionsdaten, die Informationen über die Position der Fahrzeuge in einem vorbestimmten Koordinatensystem zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt enthalten, nach Erfassen der anfallenden Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten in einem Intervall im Fahrzeug selbst für die drahtlose Übertragung der Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten an einen Zentralrechner, wobei das Intervall einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne oder einer vorgegebenen Wegstrecke entspricht.The present invention relates to a method for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle data, information about the operating status and / or the environment of the vehicles contain, and position data, the information about the position of the Vehicles in a predetermined coordinate system for a specific one Contain time after recording the accruing vehicle and position data in an interval in the vehicle itself for wireless transmission of the vehicle and Position data to a central computer, the interval of a predetermined Time span or a predetermined distance.
Aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE 195 08 486 ist es bekannt, zur Ermittlung von Verkehrslage- oder Straßenzustandsdaten eine Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu verwenden, bei der einzelne als "floating cars" bezeichnete Stichprobenfahrzeuge zum Beispiel über Funk vorbestimmte Fahrzeugdaten und dazugehörige Positionsdaten an eine Empfangsstelle eines Zentralrechners übermitteln. Mit Hilfe dieser Daten kann dann der Zentralrechner anhand vorbestimmter Algorithmen die Verkehrslage ermitteln oder zum Beispiel Rückschlüsse auf Umgebungsbedingungen wie Nässe oder Vereisung der Straße, Nebel etc. gewinnen.From the unpublished DE 195 08 486 it is known to determine Traffic or road condition data to a sample vehicle fleet use in which individual sample vehicles referred to as "floating cars" are used Example via radio predetermined vehicle data and associated position data transmit a receiving point of a central computer. With the help of this data the central computer then uses predetermined algorithms to determine the traffic situation or for example conclusions on environmental conditions such as wetness or Win icing of the road, fog etc.
Dazu ist es zum Beispiel möglich, kontinuierlich oder in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen Datensätze, die die Positionsdaten der Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte und die entsprechenden Fahrzeugdaten aufweisen, von den Stichprobenfahrzeugen an die Empfangsstelle des Zentralrechners zu übermitteln. Ein solches System hat verschiedene Nachteile. Erstens hat ein Funknetz wie zum Beispiel ein GSM-Netz keine unbegrenzte Kapazität, so daß es zu einer Überlastung des Netzes kommen kann. Zweitens muß der Zentralrechner anhand der vorbestimmten Algorithmen aus den empfangenen Datensätzen die gewünschten Informationen oder Vorhersagen errechnen. Dabei wird die Rechenlast des Zentralrechners umso größer, je größer die zu verarbeitende Datenmenge ist. Die von jedem floating car der Flotte nach einem festen Schema übermittelten Datensätze enthalten aber zumindestens teilweise momentan überflüssige Daten, die die Rechenlast unnötig erhöhen, was u. a. insbesondere dann der Fall ist, wenn mehrere Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenflotte dieselbe Straße befahren.For this it is possible, for example, continuously or at predetermined time intervals Data records that include the position data of the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet and have the corresponding vehicle data from the sample vehicles to the To be received by the central computer. Such a system has various disadvantages. First, has a radio network such as a GSM network no unlimited capacity, so that the network is overloaded can. Second, the central computer must use the predetermined algorithms the received data sets the desired information or predictions calculate. The computing load of the central computer increases, the greater the amount of data to be processed. That of every floating car in the fleet after one Data records transmitted in a fixed schema contain at least partially Currently superfluous data that unnecessarily increase the computing load, which may a. this is particularly the case if there are several vehicles in the sample fleet drive on the same road.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung der aus den Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu übertragenden Datenmenge anzugeben.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing the Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred specify.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß mit den im Patentanspruch 1
angegebenen Merkmalen. Durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche
2 bis 14 ist dieses Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise weiter ausgestaltbar.According to the invention, this object is achieved with those in
Die Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten zwischen mindestens einigen Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte, die eine Austauschgruppe bilden, ausgetauscht werden und die aufbereiteten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten einer Austauschgruppe jeweils durch ein ausgewähltes Fahrzeug dieser Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner übertragen werden. Die Aufbereitung kann zunächst in jedem Stichprobenfahrzeug erfolgen und dann von dem ausgewählten Fahrzeug an den Zentralrechner weitergeleitet werden oder aber die Daten werden nur durch das für die Kommunikation mit dem Zentralrechner ausgewählte Fahrzeug aufbereitet.The invention provides that the vehicle and position data between at least some vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet that form an exchange group, be exchanged and the prepared vehicle and position data of one Exchange group by a selected vehicle from this exchange group be transferred to the central computer. The preparation can initially in each Sample vehicle and then from the selected vehicle to the Central computer to be forwarded or the data is only through that for the Prepared communication with the central computer selected vehicle.
Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß eine Vorauswahl der Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten erfolgt, so daß redundante Daten der Austauschgruppe aus dem Bestand der zu übertragenden Daten entfernt werden können. Dem Verfahren liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß räumlich benachbarte oder dieselbe Straße befahrende Fahrzeuge bei den bekannten Lösungen einen gewissen Anteil gleicher oder ähnlicher Daten an den Zentralrechner übertragen, was durch die mit der Erfindung ermöglichte Vorauswahl und Aufbereitung der Daten verhindert wird so daß der erforderliche Rechenaufwand vermindert wird. Darüberhinaus wird durch die Ausfilterung redundanter Daten eine deutliche Entlastung des Kommunikationsnetzes erzielt. This ensures that the vehicle and position data are preselected takes place so that redundant data of the exchange group from the inventory of the transferring data can be removed. The knowledge lies in the process based on the fact that vehicles in neighboring or the same road use a certain proportion of the same or similar data to the known solutions Central computer transmit what by the pre-selection made possible by the invention and processing of the data is prevented, so that the required computing effort is reduced. In addition, by filtering out redundant data, a significant relief of the communication network achieved.
Eine besonders einfache Zuordnung der Stichprobenfahrzeuge zu einer Austauschgruppe wird dadurch erreicht, daß jeweils alle sich in einem vorgegeben Gebiet aufhaltenden Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte eine Austauschgruppe bilden. Die die Daten austauschenden Stichprobenfahrzeuge können bei dieser Vorraussetzung anhand der Positionsdaten der von einem anderen Fahrzeug empfangenen Informationen sofort und ohne Rückfrage oder Auswahlverfahren entscheiden, ob es sich um ein Fahrzeug der eigenen Austauschgruppe und damit um zu berücksichtigende Informationen handelt.A particularly simple assignment of the sample vehicles to one Exchange group is achieved in that everyone is predetermined in one Vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet form. The sample vehicles exchanging the data can with this Prerequisite based on the position data of another vehicle received information immediately and without inquiry or selection process decide whether it is a vehicle of your own exchange group and thus information to be considered.
Bei einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß jeweils alle unmittelbar benachbarten Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte eine Austauschgruppe bilden. Das ist deshalb zweckmäßig, weil bei unmittelbar benachbarten Fahrzeugen die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß ähnliche Fahrzeugdaten erfaßt werden, relativ groß ist.In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that all immediately adjacent vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet one Form an exchange group. This is useful because it is immediate neighboring vehicles the likelihood that similar vehicle data will be acquired become relatively large.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung sieht andererseits vor, daß jeweils alle sich auf derselben Straße aufhaltenden Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte eine Austauschgruppe bilden. Auch in diesem Fall ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß ähnliche Fahrzeugdaten erfaßt werden, relativ groß.A further embodiment, on the other hand, provides that everyone is on the same Road stop vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet an exchange group form. Also in this case the likelihood is that similar vehicle data be detected, relatively large.
Um die Entscheidung, welches Fahrzeug die Daten der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner übermittelt, sehr einfach zu gestalten, wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten der Austauschgruppe durch ein vorbestimmtes Fahrzeug dieser Gruppe aufbereitet und an den Zentralrechner übertragen werden.In order to decide which vehicle to exchange the data of the exchange group Central computer transmitted, very simple to design, it is proposed that the Vehicle and position data of the exchange group by a predetermined one Vehicle of this group processed and transferred to the central computer.
Die zu übermittelnde Datenmenge der Austauschgruppe kann insbesondere dadurch gering gehalten werden, daß die aufbereiteten Fahrzeugdaten nur dann, wenn diese selbst oder ihre Veränderung einen vorgegebenen Toleranzwert überschreiten, und die Positionsdaten, regelmäßig nach Zurücklegen einer bestimmten Wegstrecke oder nach Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne, durch das mit dem Zentralrechner kommunizierende Fahrzeug der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner übermittelt werden. The amount of data to be transmitted by the exchange group can in particular thereby be kept low that the processed vehicle data only if this themselves or their change exceed a predetermined tolerance value, and the Position data, regularly after covering a certain distance or after a specified period of time has elapsed, through which the Central computer communicating vehicle of the exchange group to the Central computer are transmitted.
Zur Positionsangabe der Austauschgruppe ist es vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß zumindest ein Teil der Fahrzeugdaten über die Austauschgruppe gemittelt und bezüglich der geographischen Position der Gruppe nur die Positionsdaten des mit dem Zentralrechner kommunizierenden Fahrzeugs an den Zentralrechner übermittelt werden, wodurch die zu übertragende Datenmenge weiter reduziert wird.To indicate the position of the exchange group, it is preferably provided that at least part of the vehicle data averaged over the exchange group and with regard to the geographical position of the group only the position data of the with the Central computer communicating vehicle transmitted to the central computer , which further reduces the amount of data to be transferred.
Besonders bei großer räumlicher Ausdehnung der Austauschgruppe wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, über die Austauschgruppe gemittelte Positionsdaten und einen mittleren Ausdehnungsradius der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner zu übermitteln. Diese Positionsdaten können durch zusätzliche Übertragung der mittleren Schwankungsbreite des mittleren Ausdehnungsradius der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner auf einfache Weise vervollständigt werden. Um die Relevanz der an den Zentralrechner übertragenen Daten besser beurteilen zu können, ohne die Datenmenge wesentlich zu erhöhen, wird weiter vorgeschlagen, auch die Zahl der Fahrzeuge, die zur Austauschgruppe gehört, an den Zentralrechner zu übermitteln.Especially when the exchange group is large, the Invention proposed, position data and averaged over the exchange group an average radius of expansion of the exchange group to the central computer to transfer. This position data can be obtained by additional transmission of the middle one Fluctuation range of the average radius of expansion of the exchange group to the Central computer can be completed in a simple manner. To the relevance of the to be able to better assess the data transmitted to the central computer without the It is also proposed to increase the amount of data significantly, including the number of Transfer vehicles belonging to the exchange group to the central computer.
Zeckmäßigerweise werden die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten der Austauschgruppe über ein Funktelefon an den Zentralrechner übermittelt.Appropriately, the vehicle and position data of the exchange group transmitted to the central computer via a radio telephone.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Fahrzeuge einer Austauschgruppe die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten über Kurzstreckenkommunikationseinrichtungen, insbesondere Kurzstreckensender und -empfänger, miteinander austauschen. Damit wird eine deutliche Entlastung des Funktelefonnetzes erreicht.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the vehicles Exchange group the vehicle and position data via short-range communication facilities, especially short-range transmitters and receivers, exchange with each other. This will significantly relieve the strain on the radio telephone network reached.
Um die gerätetechnische Ausrüstung der Stichprobenfahrzeuge gering zu halten und trotzdem unterschiedlichsten Anforderungen zu genügen, ist vorgesehen, daß die Datenerfassung in den Fahrzeugen und der Datenaustausch zwischen den Fahrzeugen der Austauschgruppen durch einen Bordcomputer gesteuert wird.To keep the equipment of the sample vehicles low and to meet a wide variety of requirements, it is intended that the Data acquisition in vehicles and data exchange between the Vehicles of the exchange groups are controlled by an on-board computer.
Schließlich kann in den einzelnen Stichprobenfahrzeugen jeweils ein besonders einfaches Positionserkennungssystem eingesetzt werden, wenn der Zentralrechner aus den aktuellen Daten des Positionserkennungssystem, soweit diese selbst noch keine explizite Positionsangabe darstellen, die aktuelle geographische Position bestimmt. Finally, one can be special in each of the sample vehicles simple position detection system can be used when the central computer from the current data of the position detection system, as far as this itself do not represent an explicit position, the current geographical position certainly.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Figuren. Von den Figuren zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematisch den Verlauf mehrerer Straßen und einer Autobahn und die Positionen der Stichprobenfahrzeuge (schwarze Punkte) von vier Austauschgruppen zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt und
- Fig. 2
- schematisch den Verlauf mehrerer Straßen und einer Autobahn gemäß Fig. 1, wobei der geografische Bereich zur Bildung von Austauschgruppen in gleich große Gebiete unterteilt ist.
- Fig. 1
- schematically the course of several roads and a motorway and the positions of the sample vehicles (black dots) of four exchange groups at a certain time and
- Fig. 2
- schematically the course of several roads and a highway according to FIG. 1, the geographical area being divided into areas of equal size to form exchange groups.
Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen den Verlauf einer Autobahnteilstrecke und mehrerer Straßenteilstrecken. Entlang des Verlaufs der Autobahnteilstrecke und der Straßenteilstrecken sind die Positionen der Stichprobenfahrzeuge zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in Form von schwarzen Punkten dargestellt, die sich in einer Verlaufsrichtung der Autobahn- und Straßenteilstrecken bewegen.1 and 2 show the course of a freeway section and several Road sections. Along the course of the motorway section and the Road sections are the positions of the sample vehicles at a time certain point in time in the form of black dots, which are in a Move the direction of the motorway and road sections.
Ein Fahrzeug einer Stichprobenflotte weist in dem Fahrzeug installierte Sensoren, die kontinuierlich veränderliche Zustandsgrößen wie z. B. die Geschwindigkeit, die Motordrehzahl, die Außentemperatur, die Luftfeuchtigkeit etc. erfassen, auf. Das Fahrzeug weist weiter Sensoren auf, die diskrete Zustandsgrößen, wie z. B. die Stellung verschiedener Schalter (Scheibenwischer, Licht, Nebellicht, Heckscheibenheizung, etc.) erfassen. Das Fahrzeug ist weiterhin mit Vorrichtungen ausgestattet, die den Betrieb von aktiven Vorrichtungen (Aktoren) wie z. B. des Airbags, des Unfalldatenschreibers (UDS), des Antiblockiersystems (ABS), der Antriebsschlupfregelung (ASR), etc. in dem Fahrzeug, anzeigen. Das Fahrzeug besitzt außerdem weiter einen GPS-Empfänger (GPS gleich Global Positioning System) als Positionsbestimmungsvorrichtung. Der GPS-Empfänger erzeugt fortlaufend in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen Positionsdaten, die die momentane Position (Länge, Breite, Zeit) des Fahrzeugs in einem vorbestimmten Koordinatensystem (Längengrade, Breitengrade) enthält. Die von den Sensoren und den Vorrichtungen zum Anzeigen des Betriebs der Aktoren erzeugten Daten bilden die Fahrzeugdaten, aus denen ein Zentralrechner in Verbindung mit den entsprechenden Positionsdaten (einschließlich der zugeordneten Zeitdaten) Informationen oder Vorhersagen über die Verkehrslage und den Straßenzustand errechnen kann.A vehicle in a sample fleet has sensors installed in the vehicle that continuously changing state variables such as B. the speed that Engine speed, outside temperature, humidity, etc. The Vehicle also has sensors that detect discrete state variables, such as. B. the Position of various switches (wipers, lights, fog lights, Rear window heating, etc.) record. The vehicle is still with devices equipped, the operation of active devices (actuators) such. B. of Airbags, the accident data recorder (UDS), the anti-lock braking system (ABS), the Display traction control system (ASR), etc. in the vehicle. The vehicle owns also a GPS receiver (GPS = Global Positioning System) as Positioning device. The GPS receiver continuously generates in predetermined time intervals position data that the current position (length, Width, time) of the vehicle in a predetermined coordinate system (Longitude, latitude) contains. The sensors and devices data generated to indicate the operation of the actuators form the vehicle data, from which a central computer in connection with the corresponding position data (including the associated time data) information or predictions about the Traffic situation and road conditions can be calculated.
Die Gesamtheit aller Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten nur für die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Autobahn- und Straßenteilstücke würde bereits eine sehr große zum Beispiel durch ein GSM-Netz zu übertragende und von dem Zentralrechner zu verarbeitende Datenmenge bedeuten.The entirety of all vehicle and position data only for those in FIGS. 1 and 2 highway and road sections shown would already be a very large Example to be transmitted through a GSM network and from the central computer amount of data to be processed.
Wie Fig. 1 erkennen läßt, sind jeweils mehrere Stichprobenfahrzeuge zu Gruppen zusammengefaßt, wobei die in einem Kreis liegenden Punkte (Fahrzeuge) jeweils eine Austauschgruppe bilden. Dabei können einzelne Fahrzeuge auch mehreren Austauschgruppen angehören. Das Stichprobenfahrzeug F6 in Fig. 1 gehört beispielsweise zwei Austauschgruppen an.As can be seen in FIG. 1, several sample vehicles are in groups summarized, the points in a circle (vehicles) each one Form an exchange group. Individual vehicles can also have several Belong to exchange groups. The sample vehicle F6 in FIG. 1 belongs for example, two exchange groups.
Zur Reduzierung der an den Zentralrechner zu übertragenden Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten sind die Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte mit Kommunikationseinrichtungen ausgerüstet, so daß jeweils mehrere Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte ihre Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten untereinander austauschen können. In dem in Fig. 1 skizzierten Fall tauschen jeweils benachbarte Stichprobenfahrzeuge ihre Daten aus. Die Kommunikationseinrichtungen, insbesondere Kurzstreckensender und -empfänger, sind so ausgeführt, daß sie nur begrenzte Reichweite haben. Ein jeweils vorbestimmtes Fahrzeug der Austauschgruppe bereitet die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten auf. Die Aufbereitung der Fahrzeugdaten kann zum Beispiel so erfolgen, daß alle kontinuierlich veränderlichen Zustandsgrößen der Stichprobenfahrzeuge einer Austauschgruppe gemittelt werden und für die diskreten Zustandsgrößen der Zustand mit der größten Häufigkeit ermittelt wird. Die mittlere Aktivität der Aktoren in den Fahrzeugen der Austauschgruppe kann dadurch erfaßt werden, daß die Zahl der Aktivitäten aufsummiert und durch die Zahl der zur Austauschgruppe gehörenden Stichprobenfahrzeuge dividiert wird. Nach Aufbereitung der Fahrzeugdaten werden diese zusammen mit den Positionsdaten des mit dem Zentralrechner kommunizierenden, vorbestimmten Fahrzeugs an den Zentralrechner übermittelt. Diese Vorgehensweise ist zweckmäßig, da die einer Austauschgruppe angehörenden Fahrzeuge nur einen relativ geringen räumlichen Abstand voneinander haben und oft sogar dieselbe Straße befahren. Ein Teil der Fahrzeugdaten, beispielsweise der Zustand "Airbag ausgelöst", wird direkt, also ohne Aufbereitung, an den Zentralrechner weitergeleitet. Die Übermittlung der Fahrzeug-und Positionsdaten der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner durch das vorbestimmte Fahrzeug erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise über ein Funktelefonnetz. Alternativ ist es möglich, statt der Positionsdaten des mit dem Zentralrechner kommunizierenden Fahrzeugs, die Positionsdaten aller Fahrzeuge der Austauschgruppe zu mitteln, einen mittleren Ausdehnungsradius der Austauschgruppe und die mittlere Schwankungsbreite des Ausdehnungsradius zu bestimmen und die so bestimmte Austauschgruppenposition, den Ausdehnungsradius und dessen Schwankungsbreite als Positionsdaten der Austauschgruppe an den Zentralrechner zu übermitteln.To reduce the number of vehicles and vehicles to be transferred to the central computer Position data includes the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet Communication facilities equipped so that several vehicles each Sample vehicle fleet their vehicle and position data among themselves can exchange. In the case outlined in FIG. 1, neighboring ones swap Sample vehicles their data. The communication facilities, short-range transmitters and receivers in particular are designed so that they only have limited range. A predetermined vehicle each Exchange group prepares the vehicle and position data. The preparation of the For example, vehicle data can be such that all are continuously changing State variables of the sample vehicles of an exchange group are averaged and the state with the greatest frequency is determined for the discrete state variables becomes. The average activity of the actuators in the vehicles of the exchange group can can be recorded by adding up the number of activities and by the number the sample vehicles belonging to the exchange group is divided. After Preparation of the vehicle data is carried out together with the position data of the communicating with the central computer, predetermined vehicle to the Central computer transmitted. This procedure is useful because the one Exchange group belonging vehicles only a relatively small spatial Have a distance from each other and often even drive on the same road. A part of Vehicle data, for example the status "airbag triggered", is generated directly, ie without Preparation, forwarded to the central computer. The transmission of the vehicle and Position data of the exchange group to the central computer through the The predetermined vehicle is expediently carried out via a radio telephone network. Alternatively, it is possible to use the central computer instead of the position data communicating vehicle, the position data of all vehicles of the Exchange group to average, an average radius of expansion of the exchange group and to determine the mean fluctuation range of the radius of expansion and the like certain exchange group position, the radius of expansion and its Fluctuation range as position data of the exchange group to the central computer to transfer.
Zusätzlich ist es sinnvoll, für die einzelnen Fahrzeugdaten Toleranzwerte vorzugeben und die Daten der Austauschgruppe nur dann an den Zentralrechner zu übermitteln, wenn ein Teil der Fahrzeugdaten die vorgegebenen Toleranzwerte überschreitet. Um den Zentralrechner aber über die Bewegung der Austauschgruppe zu unterrichten, werden nur die Positionsdaten regelmäßig nach Zurücklegen einer bestimmten Wegstrecke durch die Austauschgruppe und/oder spätestens nach Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne übermittelt. Dadurch wird einerseits eine deutliche Reduzierung der zu übertragenden Datenmenge erzielt, andererseits ist der Zentralrechner trotzdem über Position und Bewegung der stichprobenartig die Verkehrslage und/oder den Straßenzustand erfassenden Austauschgruppen informiert. Der Zentralrechner kann die Gesamtbewegung der Austauschgruppen verfolgen, ohne Auswertungen unnötig übertragener Daten vornehmen zu müssen.In addition, it makes sense to specify tolerance values for the individual vehicle data and only transfer the data of the exchange group to the central computer, if part of the vehicle data exceeds the specified tolerance values. Around to inform the central computer about the movement of the exchange group, only the position data will be returned regularly after a certain one Route through the exchange group and / or at the latest after crossing transmitted a predetermined period of time. On the one hand, this makes it clear Reduction in the amount of data to be transferred achieved, on the other hand, the Central computer nevertheless about the position and movement of the random Traffic situation and / or exchange groups recording the state of the road informed. The central computer can monitor the overall movement of the exchange groups track without having to carry out evaluations of unnecessarily transmitted data.
In Fig. 2 ist das Straßennetz mit den Stichprobenfahrzeugen gemäß Fig. 1 in gleich große Gebiete aufgeteilt. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind alle die Stichprobenfahrzeuge einer Austauschgruppe zugeordnet, die sich in einem der gleich großen Gebietsfelder a1-d3 befinden. So bilden im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 die Fahrzeuge F4, F5, F9 im Gebietsfeld b1 eine Austauschgruppe. Die Kurzstreckenkommunikationseinrichtungen der Stichprobenfahrzeuge wird so durchgeführt, daß neben den Fahrzeugdaten nur eine Kennung des Gebietsfeldes ausgesendet wird, indem sich das aussende Fahrzeug gerade befindet. Die Kurzstreckenempfänger lassen nur die Empfangssignale passieren, die dieselbe Kennung aufweisen. Demzufolge kommunizieren nur noch die Stichprobenfahrzeuge miteinander, die sich in demselben Gebiet aufhalten und eine Austauschgruppe bilden. In FIG. 2, the road network with the sample vehicles according to FIG. 1 is the same divided large areas. In this embodiment of the invention, all are Sample vehicles assigned to an exchange group that are in one of the same large areas a1-d3. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 vehicles F4, F5, F9 in area b1 an exchange group. The short-range communication facilities of the sample vehicles is carried out in such a way that in addition to the vehicle data, only an identifier of the area field is sent, by the vehicle currently being sent out. The short-range receivers only let the received signals pass that have the same identifier. As a result, only the sample vehicles that communicate with each other stay in the same area and form an exchange group.
Zur Auswahl des Fahrzeuges, das die Daten zum Zentralrechner überträgt, ist jedem Stichprobenfahrzeug eine Prioritätszahl (beispeilsweise die Zahl 6 bei Fahrzeug F6 in Fig. 1 oder 2) zugeordnet, welche zusammen mit den anderen Daten ausgesendet wird. Die aufbereiteten Daten einer Austauschgruppe werden anschließend beispielsweise nur durch das Fahrzeug mit der größten Prioritätszahl an den Zentralrechner übertragen. Ohne Rückfragen an die anderen Fahrzeuge der Austauschgruppe kann jedes Fahrzeug der Gruppe selbst feststellen, ob es die Datenübertragung an den Zentralrechner durchzuführen hat. Um dem Zentralrechner die Relevanz der übertragenen Daten mitzuteilen, enthält die übermittelte Information zusätzlich die Zahl der Fahrzeuge, die zur Austauschgruppe gehören. Die Datenerfassung und der Datenaustausch innerhalb der Austauschgruppe wird in den Fahrzeugen der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte mit Hilfe eines Bordcomputers ausgeführt. Über ein Bussystem werden dem Bordcomputer u.a. die vom GPS-System empfangenen Daten zur Berechnung der aktuellen Fahrzeugposition übergeben. Es ist aber auch denkbar, daß diese Daten an den Zentralrechner übermittelt werden, der daraus die aktuelle geografische Position bestimmt.Everyone is responsible for choosing the vehicle that transmits the data to the central computer Sample vehicle a priority number (for example the number 6 for vehicle F6 in Fig. 1 or 2) assigned, which is sent out together with the other data becomes. The processed data of an exchange group are then for example only by the vehicle with the highest priority number to the Transfer central computer. Without asking the other vehicles of the Each vehicle in the group can determine whether it is the exchange group Data transfer to the central computer. To the central computer The information transmitted contains the relevance of the transmitted data in addition the number of vehicles belonging to the exchange group. The Data acquisition and data exchange within the exchange group is carried out in the Vehicles of the sample vehicle fleet run with the help of an on-board computer. The on-board computer is from the GPS system transferred data received to calculate the current vehicle position. It is but also conceivable that this data is transmitted to the central computer, the it determines the current geographic position.
Bei einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß alle Stichprobenfahrzeuge, die dieselbe Straße/Autobahn in einem vorgegebenen Gebiet befahren, eine Austauschgruppe bilden. Die Fahrzeuge der Austauschgruppe bilden dabei eine Stichprobenfahrzeugkette mit variablem Abstand. Zweckmäßigerweise führt das abstandsmäßig in der Mitte der Kette positionierte Fahrzeug die Datenkommunikation mit dem Zentralrechner durch. Das hat den Vorteil, daß die von den Kurzstreckenkommunikationseinrichtungen zu überbrückende Entfernung bezogen auf die Länge der Stichprobenfahrzeugkette und die Verteilung der Stichprobenfahrzeuge am kleinsten ist.In a third embodiment of the invention it is provided that all Sample vehicles that have the same street / highway in a given area drive on, form an exchange group. Form the vehicles of the exchange group thereby a sample vehicle chain with variable distance. Conveniently leads the vehicle is positioned in the middle of the chain Data communication with the central computer. This has the advantage that the the distance to be covered by the short-range communication devices based on the length of the sample vehicle chain and the distribution of the Sample vehicles is smallest.
Claims (14)
- A method for reducing the amount of data consisting of vehicle data, which contain information on the operating condition and/or the surroundings of the vehicles, and of position data, which contain information on the position of the vehicles in a predetermined coordinate system at a given moment, which is to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles, after the acquisition of the vehicle and position data produced in an interval in the vehicle itself for the wireless transmission of the vehicle and position data to a central computer, the interval corresponding to a given time interval or a given distance,
characterised in that
the vehicle and position data are exchanged between at least some vehicles of the fleet of sample vehicles which form an exchange group, and that they are processed and the processed vehicle and position data of one exchange group are transmitted to the central computer in each case by a selected vehicle of this exchange group. - A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that in each case all the vehicles of the fleet of sample vehicles located in a given area form an exchange group.
- A method according to Claim 1, [characterised in that] in each case all the vehicles of the fleet of sample vehicles which are immediately adjacent to one another form an exchange group.
- A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that in each case all the vehicles of the fleet of sample vehicles which are located on the same road form an exchange group.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the vehicle and position data of the exchange group are processed by a predetermined vehicle of this group and are transmitted to the central computer.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the processed vehicle data, if they themselves or the change therein exceeds a preset tolerance value, and the position data regularly after covering a certain distance or after exceeding a preset time interval are transmitted to the central computer by the vehicle of the exchange group which communicates with the central computer.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least part of the vehicle data is averaged across the exchange group and together with the position data of the vehicle which communicates with the central computer are transmitted to the central computer.
- A method according to Claim 7, characterised in that position data averaged across the exchange group and an average expansion radius of the exchange group are transmitted to the central computer.
- A method according to Claim 8, characterised in that the average fluctuation width of the average expansion radius of the exchange group is transmitted to the central computer.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the number of vehicles belonging to the exchange group is transmitted to the central computer.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the vehicles of an exchange group exchange the vehicle and position data with each other via short-distance communication means, in particular short-distance transmitters and receivers.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the vehicle and position data of the exchange group are transmitted to the central computer via a radio telephone.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the data acquisition in the vehicles and the data exchange between the vehicles of the exchange groups are controlled by an on-board computer.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the central computer determines the current geographical position from the position data of the current geographical position if they themselves do not represent explicit particulars of position.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4444389 | 1994-11-28 | ||
| DE4444389 | 1994-11-28 | ||
| DE19517309A DE19517309C2 (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1995-05-03 | Method for reducing the amount of data to be transferred from the vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet |
| DE19517309 | 1995-05-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0715286A1 EP0715286A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
| EP0715286B1 true EP0715286B1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
Family
ID=25942818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95250278A Expired - Lifetime EP0715286B1 (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1995-11-16 | Method for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0715286B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE175514T1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2126210T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19643454C2 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 2003-08-21 | Mannesmann Ag | Method and device for transmitting data for traffic situation assessment |
| DE19729105A1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for the transmission of data |
| JP3268239B2 (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 2002-03-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Vehicle group control method |
| DE19740602B4 (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2009-06-04 | T-Mobile Deutschland Gmbh | Traffic Control, Information and Positioning System (VIPS) |
| US6047234A (en) | 1997-10-16 | 2000-04-04 | Navigation Technologies Corporation | System and method for updating, enhancing or refining a geographic database using feedback |
| DE19750942A1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-05-20 | Delphi 2 Creative Tech Gmbh | Signaling system of traffic events |
| DE19822914A1 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-11-25 | Alcatel Sa | Method for information transmission of vehicle data and traffic information system |
| JP3736663B2 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2006-01-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Moving object detection system |
| FR2784486A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-14 | Roland Moreno | Method for processing road traffic data from a vehicle onboard map terminal via a radio channel to a remote site, uses a bonus system to encourage drivers to transmit traffic information |
| US6381537B1 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2002-04-30 | Navigation Technologies Corp. | Method and system for obtaining geographic data using navigation systems |
| EP1305573B1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2008-04-30 | Deutsche Telekom AG | Method for providing traffic information |
| US6587781B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-07-01 | Estimotion, Inc. | Method and system for modeling and processing vehicular traffic data and information and applying thereof |
| EP1695317B1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2008-10-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Traffic status recognition with a threshold value method |
| US7620402B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2009-11-17 | Itis Uk Limited | System and method for geographically locating a mobile device |
| WO2006060518A2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-08 | Circumnav Networks, Inc. | Methods for deducing road geometry and connectivity |
| US8306556B2 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2012-11-06 | Telenav, Inc. | Intelligent real-time distributed traffic sampling and navigation system |
| GB0901588D0 (en) | 2009-02-02 | 2009-03-11 | Itis Holdings Plc | Apparatus and methods for providing journey information |
| GB2492369B (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2014-04-02 | Itis Holdings Plc | Method and system for collecting traffic data |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2642875B1 (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1994-02-18 | Urba 2000 | INFORMATION COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION SYSTEM FOR MOTORISTS |
| DE4105584C1 (en) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-02-20 | Audi Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt, De | Traffic information system using mobile telephones - provides two=way communication between subscribers and central via organisation channel(s) |
| GB2261977B (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1994-09-28 | John Bernard Leonard | Method and apparatus for controlling movements of vehicles and/or persons |
| DE4321437A1 (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1994-02-17 | Kraiss Karl Friedrich Prof Dr | Traffic regulation using radio link to vehicle - installing central traffic controller with facility to enter specific data followed by exchange of modified information |
-
1995
- 1995-11-16 EP EP95250278A patent/EP0715286B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-16 ES ES95250278T patent/ES2126210T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-16 AT AT95250278T patent/ATE175514T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| ES2126210T3 (en) | 1999-03-16 |
| ATE175514T1 (en) | 1999-01-15 |
| EP0715286A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
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