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EP0337849A1 - Under-water buoy equipped with hydrodynamic stabilisation means, to be suspended, particularly from a helicopter - Google Patents

Under-water buoy equipped with hydrodynamic stabilisation means, to be suspended, particularly from a helicopter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0337849A1
EP0337849A1 EP89400919A EP89400919A EP0337849A1 EP 0337849 A1 EP0337849 A1 EP 0337849A1 EP 89400919 A EP89400919 A EP 89400919A EP 89400919 A EP89400919 A EP 89400919A EP 0337849 A1 EP0337849 A1 EP 0337849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buoy
fins
ballast
helicopter
suspended
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400919A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0337849B1 (en
Inventor
François Warnan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0337849A1 publication Critical patent/EP0337849A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0337849B1 publication Critical patent/EP0337849B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/003—Buoys adapted for being launched from an aircraft or water vehicle;, e.g. with brakes deployed in the water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to underwater buoys intended to be immersed and held between two waters at the end of a cable, itself attached to a carrier vehicle such as a helicopter. These buoys make it possible, among other things, to detect, either by passive listening, or using a sonar, submerged objects, in particular submarines.
  • the influence of these rings is different depending on whether the buoy dives or goes up.
  • the upper ring 12 is effective in stabilizing the buoy during the descent, but on the other hand it has tendency during ascent to behave like a wing which causes a vortex movement as shown in Figure 2.
  • the bottom ring in principle overcomes this drawback by opposing this swirling movement, since it is placed below the center of gravity of the buoy. However during the descent this bottom ring 13 also behaves like a wing and tends to generate a vortex movement itself. This movement is not exactly the same as that generated during the ascent by the ring 12 because the action of the ballast 14 is not identical to the traction of the cable 11, but in total the effects of the two rings are upset and the overall result is ineffective.
  • the invention proposes replacing the bottom stabilizing ring with a set of retractable fins during the descent, and therefore without effect during this phase, and deployable during the ascent to stabilize the buoy.
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the lower part of a buoy according to the invention provided, for easier reading of the drawing, only with two fins 15 and 16.
  • the ballast 14 is for example machined so that its circumference is substantially set back from the body cylindrical 10 of the buoy.
  • This cylindrical part is provided with lugs 17 and 18 which project towards the outside of the ballast and are provided with pins on which are fixed, by one end, fins 15 and 16. These can thus rotate around these axes which are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the buoy and are tangent to the circumference of the ballast.
  • the profile of these fins is advantageously that of a wing with the leading edge directed downwards. During the ascent the profile of this wing thus works upside down, but the possible appearance of vortices at this time does not present any serious drawbacks.
  • the ailerons being mounted free on their axis of rotation, it is clear that they will tend to remain deployed when the buoy will go up towards the helicopter to which it is suspended to come to enter the receiving part in the form of funnel located below the helicopter and known as the funnel.
  • the dimensions of the fins are chosen so that their free ends do not exceed, when deployed, the diameter determined by the upper ring 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows a complete view of a buoy according to the invention comprising a set of fins 15, seen in the deployed position, and which form a crown all around the ballast 14 at the lower part of the body 10 of the buoy.
  • 12 long fins of 80 mm, width of 15 mm and having a thickness in the center equal to 3 mm were used.
  • the hydrodynamic force on each aileron is substantially equal to 1 N, which is more than enough to obtain a rotation of the aileron around the axis and to keep it in the folded position on along the body of the buoy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to sonar buoys suspended from a helicopter. <??>It consists in replacing the lower stabilisation ring (13) of such a buoy with a set of ailerons (15, 16) which are folded up against the body (10) of the buoy when it descends through the water, and are unfolded when it rises in order to form a stabilising ring around the bottom of this body. <??>It enables such a buoy to be stabilised both when it is descending and when it is rising. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte aux bouées sous-ma­rines destinées à être immergées et maintenues entre deux eaux au bout d'un câble, lui-même accroché à un véhicule porteur tel qu'un hélicoptère. Ces bouées permettent entre autres de détec­ter, soit par écoute passive, soit à l'aide d'un sonar, les objets immergés, notamment les sous-marins.The present invention relates to underwater buoys intended to be immersed and held between two waters at the end of a cable, itself attached to a carrier vehicle such as a helicopter. These buoys make it possible, among other things, to detect, either by passive listening, or using a sonar, submerged objects, in particular submarines.

Les sous-marins pouvant descendre à des profondeurs de plus en plus grandes, il convient, pour les détecter avec sûreté, de descendre les bouées de détection à des profondeurs du même ordre, c'est-à-dire plusieurs centaines de mètres. Ceci impose bien entenu de dérouler et d'enrouler le câble porteur sur une même longueur en évitant des oscillations, nuisibles tant par les variations de tension apportées au câble que par les risques de mélange des spires sur le tambour du treuil sur lequel s'enroule ce câble.Since submarines can descend to ever greater depths, it is advisable, in order to detect them with safety, to lower the detection buoys to depths of the same order, that is to say several hundred meters. This clearly requires to unwind and wind the carrying cable over the same length, avoiding oscillations, which are harmful both by the variations in tension brought to the cable and by the risks of mixing the turns on the winch drum on which it is wound. this cable.

Ces oscillations sont dues au ralentissement de la bouée lorsqu'elle se met en biais, ou même en travers, sous l'effet des instabilités hydrodynamiques dues au mouvement rela­tif de l'eau par rapport à la bouée. Pour supprimer ces instabi­lités et maintenir la bouée verticale pendant la descente ou la montée, il est connu, comme représenté sur la figure 1, de mu­nir le corps 10 de cette bouée, suspendue au bout du câble 11, d'un anneau supérieur 12 et d'un anneau inférieur 13 qui entou­rent les extrémités de ce corps en ménageant entre celui-ci et eux-mêmes un espace destiné à laisser passer les filets d'eau pendant le mouvement de la bouée. En outre la bouée comprend un lest 14 placé à son extrémité inférieure.These oscillations are due to the slowing down of the buoy when it is tilted, or even across, under the effect of hydrodynamic instabilities due to the relative movement of water with respect to the buoy. To remove these instabilities and keep the buoy vertical during the descent or ascent, it is known, as shown in FIG. 1, to provide the body 10 of this buoy, suspended at the end of the cable 11, with an upper ring 12 and of a lower ring 13 which surround the ends of this body, providing between it and themselves a space intended to allow the streams of water to pass during the movement of the buoy. In addition, the buoy includes a ballast 14 placed at its lower end.

L'influence de ces anneaux est différente selon que la bouée plonge ou remonte. L'anneau du haut 12 est efficace pour stabiliser la bouée pendant la descente, mais en revanche il a tendance lors de la remontée à se comporter comme une aile ce qui entraîne un mouvement tourbillonnaire comme représenté sur la figure 2.The influence of these rings is different depending on whether the buoy dives or goes up. The upper ring 12 is effective in stabilizing the buoy during the descent, but on the other hand it has tendency during ascent to behave like a wing which causes a vortex movement as shown in Figure 2.

L'anneau du bas permet en principe de remédier à cet inconvénient en s'opposant à ce mouvement tourbillonnaire, puisqu'il est placé en-dessous du centre de gravité de la bouée. Cependant lors de la descente cet anneau du bas 13 se comporte lui aussi comme une aile et tend à engendrer lui-même un mouve­ment tourbillonnaire. Ce mouvement n'est pas exactement le même que celui engendré lors de la remontée par l'anneau 12 parce que l'action du lest 14 n'est pas identique à la traction du câble 11, mais au total les effets des deux anneaux se contra­rient et le résultat d'ensemble est peu efficace.The bottom ring in principle overcomes this drawback by opposing this swirling movement, since it is placed below the center of gravity of the buoy. However during the descent this bottom ring 13 also behaves like a wing and tends to generate a vortex movement itself. This movement is not exactly the same as that generated during the ascent by the ring 12 because the action of the ballast 14 is not identical to the traction of the cable 11, but in total the effects of the two rings are upset and the overall result is ineffective.

Pour pallier ces inconvénients, l'invention propose de remplacer l'anneau de stabillsation du bas par un ensemble d'ai­lerons escamotables lors de la descente, et donc sans effet pendant cette phase, et déployables pendant la remontée pour stabiliser la bouée.To overcome these drawbacks, the invention proposes replacing the bottom stabilizing ring with a set of retractable fins during the descent, and therefore without effect during this phase, and deployable during the ascent to stabilize the buoy.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement dans la description suivante présentée en face des figures annexées qui représentent :

  • - la figure 1, une vue d'une bouée selon l'art anté­rieur ;
  • - la figure 2, une représentation du mouvement d'une bouée selon l'art antérieur ne comportant qu'un anneau de stabi­lisation supérieur ;
  • - la figure 3, un schéma du bas d'une bouée compor­tant des ailerons escamotables selon l'invention ; et
  • - la figure 4, une vue d'ensemble d'une bouée compor­tant ces mêmes ailerons.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear clearly in the following description presented opposite the appended figures which represent:
  • - Figure 1, a view of a buoy according to the prior art;
  • - Figure 2, a representation of the movement of a buoy according to the prior art comprising only an upper stabilization ring;
  • - Figure 3, a diagram of the bottom of a buoy comprising retractable fins according to the invention; and
  • - Figure 4, an overview of a buoy having these same fins.

On a représenté sur la figure 3 une vue de la partie inférieure d'une bouée selon l'invention munie, pour faciliter la lecture du dessin, seulement de deux ailerons 15 et 16.FIG. 3 shows a view of the lower part of a buoy according to the invention provided, for easier reading of the drawing, only with two fins 15 and 16.

Le lest 14 est par exemple usiné de manière à ce que sa circonférence soit sensiblement en retrait du corps cylindrique 10 de la bouée. Cette partie cylindrique est munie de pattes 17 et 18 qui font saillie vers l'extérieur du lest et sont munies d'axes sur lesquels viennent se fixer, par une extré­mité, des ailerons 15 et 16. Ceux-ci peuvent ainsi tourner au­tour de ces axes lesquels sont situés dans un plan perpendicu­laire à l'axe de la bouée et sont tangents à la circonférence du lest.The ballast 14 is for example machined so that its circumference is substantially set back from the body cylindrical 10 of the buoy. This cylindrical part is provided with lugs 17 and 18 which project towards the outside of the ballast and are provided with pins on which are fixed, by one end, fins 15 and 16. These can thus rotate around these axes which are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the buoy and are tangent to the circumference of the ballast.

Ainsi lors de la descente les ailerons pivotent autour des axes pour venir se replier contre le corps de la bouée comme l'aileron 15 sur la figure. Lors de la remontée ces aile­rons se déploient de manière à faire saillie vers l'extérieur de ce corps et radialement à celui-ci comme l'aileron 16 sur la figure. Bien entendu tous les ailerons sont simultanément dé­ployés ou repliés et la position contrariée des ailerons 15 et 16 sur la figure 3 sert uniquement à un but d'explication.Thus during the descent the fins pivot around the axes to come back against the body of the buoy like the aileron 15 in the figure. During the ascent these fins are deployed so as to project outwards from this body and radially to it like the aileron 16 in the figure. Of course all the ailerons are simultaneously deployed or folded and the opposite position of the ailerons 15 and 16 in FIG. 3 is used only for the purpose of explanation.

Afin d'éviter des tourbillons éventuellement gênants pour la stabilité de la bouée pendant la descente, la profil de ces ailerons est avantageusement celui d'une aile avec le bord d'attaque dirigé vers le bas. Lors de la remontée le profil de cette aile fonctionne ainsi à l'envers, mais l'apparition éven­tuelle de tourbillons à ce moment ne présente pas d'inconvé­nients sérieux.In order to avoid possible eddies which are troublesome for the stability of the buoy during the descent, the profile of these fins is advantageously that of a wing with the leading edge directed downwards. During the ascent the profile of this wing thus works upside down, but the possible appearance of vortices at this time does not present any serious drawbacks.

Les ailerons étant montés libres sur leur axe de rota­tion, il est clair qu ils auront tendance à rester déployés lorsque la bouée remontera vers l'hélicoptère auquel elle est suspendue pour venir rentrer dans la partie réceptrice en forme d'entonnoir situé en-dessous de l'hélicoptère et connue sous le nom de funnel. Pour éviter que les extrémités des ailerons ne viennent accrocher la paroi de ce funnel dans la phase terminale de la remontée, les dimensions des ailerons sont choisies pour que leurs extrémités libres ne dépassent pas, lorsqu'ils sont déployés, le diamètre déterminée par l'anneau supérieur 12.The ailerons being mounted free on their axis of rotation, it is clear that they will tend to remain deployed when the buoy will go up towards the helicopter to which it is suspended to come to enter the receiving part in the form of funnel located below the helicopter and known as the funnel. To prevent the ends of the fins from catching the wall of this funnel in the terminal phase of the ascent, the dimensions of the fins are chosen so that their free ends do not exceed, when deployed, the diameter determined by the upper ring 12.

On a représenté sur la figure 4 une vue complète d'une bouée selon l'invention comportant un ensemble d'ailerons 15, vus en position déployée, et qui forment une couronne tout autour du lest 14 à la partie inférieure du corps 10 de la bouée.FIG. 4 shows a complete view of a buoy according to the invention comprising a set of fins 15, seen in the deployed position, and which form a crown all around the ballast 14 at the lower part of the body 10 of the buoy.

Dans un exemple particulier de réalisation on a utili­sé 12 ailerons longs de 80 mm, larges de 15 mm et présentant une épaisseur au centre égale à 3 mm.In a particular embodiment, 12 long fins of 80 mm, width of 15 mm and having a thickness in the center equal to 3 mm were used.

Pour une vitesse de descente égale à 6 m/s, la force hydrodynamique sur chaque aileron est sensiblement égale à 1 N, ce qui est largement suffisant pour obtenir une rotation de l'aileron autour de l'axe et son maintien en position repliée le long du corps de la bouée.For a descent speed equal to 6 m / s, the hydrodynamic force on each aileron is substantially equal to 1 N, which is more than enough to obtain a rotation of the aileron around the axis and to keep it in the folded position on along the body of the buoy.

Dans ces conditions, on a constaté une bonne stabilisa­tion de la bouée lors de la descente et aucune amorce particu­lière de mise en rotation lors de la remontée.Under these conditions, good stabilization of the buoy was observed during the descent and no particular initiation of rotation during the ascent.

Il est clair que la fixation des ailerons à l'aide de pattes et d'axes qui a été décrite ci-dessus n'est qu'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention et que tout autre mode de réalisation permettant le repliement et le redéploiement des ailerons, par exemple des fentes pratiquées dans le lest, ou des bossages prévus sur ce lest lors de l'usinage, entre dans le cadre de l'invention.It is clear that the attachment of the fins using lugs and pins which has been described above is only one particular embodiment of the invention and that any other embodiment allowing the folding and the redeployment of the fins, for example slots made in the ballast, or bosses provided on this ballast during machining, is within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. Bouée sous-marine munie de moyens de stabilisation hydrodynamiques et destinée à être suspendue par un câble (11), notamment à un hélicoptère, du type comprenant un corps (10) muni à sa partie supérieure d'un anneau de stabilisation (12), caractérisée en ce que ce corps est muni à sa partie inférieure d'un ensemble d'ailerons (15,16) qui vien­nent se replier pendant la descente dans l'eau pour avoir alors une action sensiblement nulle et se déplient pendant la remontée pour stabiliser le mouvement de la bouée, notamment en empê­chant sa mise en rotation.1. Underwater buoy provided with hydrodynamic stabilization means and intended to be suspended by a cable (11), in particular to a helicopter, of the type comprising a body (10) provided at its upper part with a stabilization ring (12 ), characterized in that this body is provided at its lower part with a set of fins (15,16) which come back during the descent into the water to then have a substantially zero action and unfold during the ascent to stabilize the movement of the buoy, in particular by preventing it from rotating. 2. Bouée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les ailerons(15, 16) ont un profil en forme d'aile verticale dont le bord d'attaque est dirigé vers le bas de la bouée.2. Buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that the fins (15, 16) have a profile in the form of a vertical wing, the leading edge of which is directed towards the bottom of the buoy. 3. Bouée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le corps (10) est muni à sa partie inférieure d'un lest (14) usiné pour venir en retrait de la circonférence du corps, ce lest étant muni de points d'articu­lations (17,18) situés à sa circonférence pour maintenir les ailerons.3. Buoy according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the body (10) is provided at its lower part with a ballast (14) machined to come back from the circumference of the body, this ballast being provided with articulation points (17,18) located at its circumference to hold the fins. 4. Bouée selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les points d'articulation sont formés de pattes fixées sur le lest et munies d'axes horizontaux.4. Buoy according to claim 3, characterized in that the articulation points are formed by legs fixed on the ballast and provided with horizontal axes. 5. Bouée selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les points d'articulation sont formés de fentes creusées dans le lest et munies d'axes horizontaux.5. Buoy according to claim 3, characterized in that the articulation points are formed of slots dug in the ballast and provided with horizontal axes.
EP89400919A 1988-04-12 1989-04-04 Under-water buoy equipped with hydrodynamic stabilisation means, to be suspended, particularly from a helicopter Expired - Lifetime EP0337849B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8804829A FR2629787B1 (en) 1988-04-12 1988-04-12 SUBMARINE BUOY PROVIDED WITH HYDRODYNAMIC STABILIZATION MEANS AND HANGING, ESPECIALLY FROM A HELICOPTER
FR8804829 1988-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0337849A1 true EP0337849A1 (en) 1989-10-18
EP0337849B1 EP0337849B1 (en) 1992-02-12

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EP89400919A Expired - Lifetime EP0337849B1 (en) 1988-04-12 1989-04-04 Under-water buoy equipped with hydrodynamic stabilisation means, to be suspended, particularly from a helicopter

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US (1) US4954110A (en)
EP (1) EP0337849B1 (en)
AU (1) AU617786B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1331112C (en)
DE (1) DE68900820D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2029119T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2629787B1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
ES2029119T3 (en) 1992-07-16
FR2629787B1 (en) 1991-01-25
FR2629787A1 (en) 1989-10-13
EP0337849B1 (en) 1992-02-12
DE68900820D1 (en) 1992-03-26
AU3266989A (en) 1989-10-19
AU617786B2 (en) 1991-12-05
US4954110A (en) 1990-09-04
CA1331112C (en) 1994-08-02

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