EP0361250A2 - Coupling for scaffold railings - Google Patents

Abstract

Attached to the pole (31.1) of a scaffold is a small wedge box (33), in the insertion space of which either one tab or two tabs (35) of railing bars (34) can be inserted. A wedge (65) which is displaceable and swivellable on a bolt (70) has an elongated hole (75) and an outer pressing surface (78) which is located at an appropriate wedge angle thereto and at the top end of which a lifting cam (97) is formed. The mounting and outer contour of the wedge (65) are selected such that insertion clearance (92) remains and the wedge can either slip through or be lifted by means of the cam surface (100) or of the lifting cam (97) during insertion. The outer pressing surface (78) and the elongated hole (75) are sufficiently long, taking the wedge angle into consideration, to clamp one tab (35) or two tabs (35) securely. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a holder for railings on scaffolding with a wedge box and a pivotable, captive wedge supported therein.

Railings on scaffolding are designed according to DE-PS 27 57 189 with tabs that protrude downwards at their ends and can be inserted into wedge boxes. In this case, captive wedges are provided with suitable wedge arrangements of sufficient insertion length, which allow either one tab or two tabs to be fixed with the same wedge. This proven arrangement provides suitable support surfaces and separate captive devices. During assembly, it must be ensured that the wedges have released the insertion space and are in the only possible hanging position with them. If this is not observed, the assembly person on the u. U. high scaffold without side protection go to the appropriate place and swing the wedge into the hanging position. This is annoying and not dangerous in certain situations. The wedges are relatively far into the working and passage space of the scaffold due to their two slots.

Other older versions have a similar wedge box with a web running transversely in front of the wall of the handle with a tab system and a wedge on support surfaces projecting laterally into the insertion space. A newer arrangement according to DE-GM 87 06 723 = DE-OS 38 01 354 A1 provides that a slot wedge is supported on the thread of a screw without further support measures. The contact outer surfaces of both sides of the wedge from the slot have different distances to take into account the different thickness that results, depending on whether one Tab or two tabs are inserted. When in doubt, such a wedge hangs in the wrong position when a second tab is to be inserted. Consequently, before inserting the tabs, it must first be decided whether one wants to insert only one tab or two tabs and the user must be able to assess the position of the wedge with its different wide sides, possibly even as far as the distance, in order to fit it into the respective one End position so that - if desired - a second tab can be inserted. If an incorrect assessment is made here, the tab can be inserted, but the wedge can no longer be brought into the locking position. It is also difficult to lift the tab out because the wedge, which is in the wrong position, now partially clamps the inserted tab. To insert the second tab, the wedge must be in a suitable, raised position. Consequently, the wedge must always be held in a raised position by hand and the person assembling or dismantling the scaffold has only one hand free for the railing. With this arrangement and training, large parts of the railings can only be installed by two people. With one-person assembly, the person must be able to assess the correct position of the wedge in order to bring the wedge into the correct position on each individual box beforehand. Such requirements are a hindrance to practical operation. Swiveling the wedge on high scaffolding without guardrail is not without safety risk. The wedge is supported on one Simple bolts, also with threads, lead to very fast, large wear and to undefined wedge ratios. The pressing forces applied by the wedge to the straps, which fix these, are supported directly on the wall of the handle and thus offer unfavorable support conditions. The tabs of the side walls of the insertion space, which are to be welded individually to the support, must be of very stable design and aligned very precisely in the correct position so that a reasonably usable arrangement is produced. Nevertheless, there are high loads and voltage peaks in the corners.

The patent (the patent application) deals with a group of inventions which are interconnected in such a way that they implement a single general inventive idea which consists in holding, fixing and supporting devices for the wedge in railing mounts of the type mentioned at the beginning and to design associated elements so that the manufacture and use are improved by improving and optimizing the design of the wedge and the support of the forces that occur.

The invention has for its object to provide a bracket for railings on scaffolding of the type mentioned with a support and wedge arrangement that allows the railing to be hung without touching the wedge in any position of the wedge and, if necessary, additional measures to reduce Wear and to increase stability and simple and safe manufacture are provided.

The first part of the invention group is essentially based on the task of finding an improved wedge design.

The following features are provided to solve this task:
- the scaffolds have vertical stems;
- Wedge boxes are attached to the stems at a predetermined height, each with an at least upwardly open insertion space;
- The railings have railing tabs that protrude downwards into the plug-in spaces of the wedge boxes;
- The respective insertion space is limited by side walls;
- A vertical tab system is formed in the area of the stem wall;
- A wedge holder is provided on the outside, the tab system opposite insertion side;
- The wedge holder has slot walls which are connected to the side walls and between them a slot lying radially to the stem and to the insertion space and open upwards, downwards and outwards;
- The diaphragm walls are penetrated by a bolt running horizontally and transversely to the axis of the stem;
- For clamping at least one railing strap, a wedge is slidably and pivotably arranged in the wedge holder;
- The wedge has an elongated hole through which the bolt extends;
- The wedge has at least one pressure outer surface, which comes to rest on the outer wall of the outer railing tab;
- A wedge angle is formed between the outer pressure surface and the reference line of the elongated hole;
- The length of the elongated hole and the pressure outer surface and the wedge angle are matched to the thickness of the tabs in such a way that with the same pressure outer surface either a tab or two tabs can be pressed against the tab system;
- The outer contours surrounding the elongated hole ends are at a distance from the axis of the bolt that is less than the distance between the axis of the bolt and the bracket system minus twice the thickness of the railing bracket;
- A lifting cam is formed in the area of the upper end of the pressing outer surface in the fixed wedge position;
- The outer contour surface opposite the contact surface runs at most at a distance from the slot axis which is less than the distance between the center of the bolt and the bracket system minus twice the thickness of the railing bracket
or the wedge is designed as a double wedge with two lifting cams which is symmetrical in the center between the ends of the elongated hole.

Because the outer shape of the wedge as well as the length and position of the elongated hole in relation to the outer contour comply with very defined and optimized conditions, the wedge can hang in any end position and it is possible, without touching it, to insert either one tab or two tabs simultaneously or two tabs one after the other . The wedge can then be brought into the clamping position without hindrance in order to be fixed there. When the wedge is released, the tabs can be lifted without jamming thanks to the clever choice of its shape. The measures are also amazingly simple and ensure considerable simplification of assembly without any additional manufacturing effort.
The safety during assembly and disassembly of the railing is considerably improved in that the assembly person does not have to go to a place for hanging the railing without securing through a railing in order to check the wedge for its hanging position and possibly in a suitable position bring to. Because there is no jamming during disassembly and assembly, only one person is required for this work.

To solve the problem of designing the wedge contour so that the wedge does not hinder insertion in any position, does not hinder pulling out in the release position and nevertheless allows both one and two tabs to be securely secured in the securing position, there are dimensions to choose from , Angles and contour shapes two solution principles, namely the Contour to choose so that the respective essential end of the wedge either allows the wedge to slip between the support and the tab system or inserted tabs, or that the hanging wedge moves into a partially raised position by inserting a corresponding control cam design, namely the lifting cam is, but the design is made so that no significant retention forces occur when pulling out. You can use the lifting principle twice. Then you don't need any slip-through conditions. This leads to the symmetrical wedge or you can comply with the slip-through conditions at one end and the lifting conditions at the other. This leads to an asymmetrical wedge that only has a tab pressure surface on one side. The two slightly different configurations according to the two possibilities solve one and the same task.

Due to the sensible design of the lifting cam protruding into the insertion space, the hanging wedge, regardless of whether a tab is already inserted or not, is automatically moved into a partially swiveled-up position when inserted, without the actual wedge effect occurring. For example, a person can either insert only one railing strap or, after inserting a railing strap, insert the second railing strap without the need for a hand to hold the wedge in place. The wedge is then moved from its partially swiveled-up position to the securing position and, if necessary, hammered down. After loosening it can be like other wedges hang down and disassembly is no longer hindered by the wedge and can be carried out by one person at a time.

If the wedge in its outer shape is designed symmetrically as a double wedge and the dimensioning of the wedge angle, the length of the elongated hole and the pressure outer surface and the distance from the same to the reference line of the elongated hole are coordinated such that the wedge has such a stroke in both possible positions that it you can choose to secure one or two tabs, you do not need to bring the wedge into a certain position during assembly and only have to swing it up to secure it.

Meaningful designs of the walls enclosing the receiving space for forming the wedge box are dealt with in further claims and the description of the figures, the one-piece, coherent design with a web on which the tab system is formed offering a large support base and little tendency to swing open. The slot can be limited depending on the thickness of the wedge.

Previous quality training of wedge boxes of this type had a separate surface supporting the wedge force, as in DE-PS 27 57 189, or protruding sideways on the wedge, supporting surfaces supported on the shoulders. Both measures led to relatively low surface pressures. If one proceeds to the wrap-around wedge that is more appropriate for the conditions discussed above, the wedge forces are supported on a bolt. As a result, the surface pressures with a simple line contact, possibly only on the tips of a thread, are so great that wear of the bolt and slot wall of the wedge must take on considerable dimensions in a short time. To remedy this situation for a wedge that can be swiveled all around, regardless of whether it is designed symmetrically or asymmetrically or possibly also has no lifting cam, is also the task for the other part of the invention group. For this, using the following features of claim 1:
- the scaffolds have vertical stems;
- Wedge boxes are attached to the stems at a predetermined height, each with an at least upwardly open insertion space;
- The railings have railing tabs that protrude downwards into the plug-in spaces of the wedge boxes;
- The respective insertion space is limited by side walls;
- A vertical tab system is formed in the area of the stem wall;
- A wedge holder is provided on the outside, the tab system opposite insertion side;
- The wedge holder has slot walls which are connected to the side walls and between them a slot lying radially to the stem and to the insertion space and open upwards, downwards and outwards;
- The diaphragm walls are penetrated by a bolt running horizontally and transversely to the axis of the stem;
- For clamping at least one railing strap, a wedge is slidably and pivotably arranged in the wedge holder;
- The wedge has an elongated hole through which the bolt extends;
- The wedge has at least one pressure outer surface, which comes to rest on the outer wall of the outer railing tab;
- A wedge angle is formed between the outer pressure surface and the reference line of the elongated hole;
- The outer contours surrounding the elongated hole ends are at a distance from the axis of the bolt which is less than the distance between the axis of the bolt and the bracket system minus twice the thickness of the railing bracket;
provided according to the invention,
that the support surface on which the slot wall is supported on the bolt is designed as a flat support surface (flattening) and that the slot in the wedge and the other parts of the bolt are designed such that the wedge is freely pivotable, at least in its two hanging positions .

According to this, it is now provided to create an enlarged support surface on the bolt and to mutually sensibly coordinate this with the width of the elongated hole. Due to the enlarged support surface, suitable materials can be used to achieve good, low-wear, easy-to-manufacture and easy-to-assemble solutions, the details of which are dealt with in further claims and the description below, together with further features, advantages and aspects of the entire arrangement.

Exemplary embodiments and variants of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings.

• Fig. 1 Die Schrägansicht eines Gerüstteiles mit in Keilkästchen befestigten Geländerstäben;
• Fig. 2 eine Innenansicht auf ein Keilkästchen mit einem eingesteckten Geländerstab-Ende mit Lasche, jedoch ohne Darstellung des Gerüststieles;
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf ein Keilkästchen mit Schnitt durch den Stiel des Gerüstes und Ansicht von oben auf zwei eingesteckte Geländerstab-Enden, wobei das Keilkästchen aus Stahlblech gebogen ist und einen mitdrehenden Bolzen mit einer Abflachung aufweist;
• Fig. 4 eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung mit einem Keilkästchen aus Leichmetall und einem mitdrehenden Bolzen mit zwei Abflachungen für einen Doppelkeil;
• Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht eines Keilkästchens an einem Stiel ohne eingesteckte Geländerlasche und mit hängendem Keil mit einem Anhebenocken als erste Ausführungsvariante;
• Fig. 6 eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung mit einer eingesteckten Geländerlasche bei festge­legtem Keil;
• Fig. 7 eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung, wobei zwei Geländerlaschen eingesteckt sind, der Keil jedoch nicht festegelegt ist;
• Fig. 8 eine der Fig. 7 entsprechende Darstellung, bei teilweise von Hand angehobenem Keil, kurz vor der Befestigungslage;
• Fig. 9 eine den Fig. 7 und 8 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der der Keil in der Befestigungslage ist, wobei Teile, vor allem zur Veranschaulichung der Abflachung des Bolzens, in einer unmittelbar vor dem Keil liegenden Vertikalebene geschnitten dargestellt sind;
• Fig. 10 eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der der Keil auf dem anderen Ende seines Langloches hängt, so daß der Anhebenocken sich im einsteckraum befindet;
• Fig. 11 eine der Fig. 10 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der sich bereits eine Lasche im Einsteckraum befindet, während die zweite geringfügig einge­führt ist und den Keil durch Auftreffen auf den Anhebenocken anhebt;
• Fig. 12 eine der Fig. 11 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der beide Geländerlaschen eingesteckt sind und der Keil in einer Zwischenposition dargestellt ist, in die er von Hand weitergeschwenkt ist, nachdem er zuvor von Einstecklasche und Anhebenocken noch etwas weiter hochgeschwenkt war als in Fig. 11 und aus welcher er beim weiteren Anheben noch an den Laschen vorbeischlüpft, um dann um das andere Ende seines Langloches in die Keilfesthalteposition geschwenkt zu werden;
• Fig. 13 eine der Fig. 5 entsprechende Darstellung einer anderen Variante eines Keiles in Form eines Doppelkeiles;
• Fig. 14 eine der Fig. 13 entsprechende Darstellung in einem Zustand, in dem eine Geländerlasche geringfügig in den Einsteckraum eingeführt ist und den Keil infolge Auftreffens auf den Anhebenocken teilweise anhebt.
• Fig. 15 eine der Fig. 14 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der eine Geländerlasche eingesteckt und der Keil festgelegt ist;
• Fig. 16 eine der Fig. 14 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der eine Geländerlasche eingesteckt ist und die im Beginn des Einsteckens befindliche zweite Geländerlasche den Keil weiter angehoben hat;
• Fig. 17 eine der Fig. 16 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der beide Geländerlaschen eingesteckt und durch den Keil festgelegt sind, wobei Teile, vor allem zur Veranschaulichung der beiden Abflachungen des Bolzens, in einer unmittelbar vor dem Doppelkeil liegenden Vertikalebene geschnitten dargestellt sind;
• Fig. 18 einen vergrößerten Teilhorizontalschnitt längs der Linie 18-18 in Fig. 2, wobei der Bolzen mit einer Abflachung, seine sonsige Ausbildung und Lagerung im Zusammenwirken mit einem einfachen Keil und seinem Langloch veranschaulicht sind;
• Fig. 19 eine schematische Darstellung eines Keiles mit Langloches und Abstützung auf einem abgeflachten, auf einem Lagerbolzen drehbaren Stützzylinder;
• Fig. 20 eine der Fig. 19 entsprechende schematische Dar­stellung einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante mit feststehendem Stützbolzen und Endausbildung des Langloches zum Drehen;
• Fig. 21 eine den vorherigen Figuren entsprechende Teil­darstellung von Langloch und feststehendem, abge­flachten Stützbolzen;
• Fig. 22 eine der Fig. 21 entsprechende Darstellung im Bereich der Befestigung des Stützbolzens ohne den Keil.

Show it:

• Fig. 1 The oblique view of a scaffold part with railing rods fastened in wedge boxes;
• Figure 2 is an interior view of a wedge box with an inserted railing rod end with a tab, but without showing the scaffold handle.
• 3 shows a plan view of a wedge box with a section through the handle of the scaffold and a view from above of two inserted ends of the railing rod, the wedge box being bent from sheet steel and having a rotating bolt with a flattened portion;
• 4 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3 with a wedge box made of light metal and a rotating bolt with two flats for a double wedge;
• 5 shows a side view of a wedge box on a handle without a railing tab inserted and with a hanging wedge with a lifting cam as the first embodiment variant;
• 6 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 5 with an inserted railing strap with the wedge fixed;
• 7 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 5, two railing tabs being inserted, but the wedge not being fixed;
• 8 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 7, with the wedge partially raised by hand, shortly before the fastening position;
• 9 shows a representation corresponding to FIGS. 7 and 8, in which the wedge is in the fastening position, parts being shown in section, in particular to illustrate the flattening of the bolt, in a vertical plane lying directly in front of the wedge;
• Fig. 10 is a representation corresponding to Figure 5, in which the wedge hangs on the other end of its elongated hole, so that the lifting cam is in the insertion space.
• 11 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 10, in which one tab is already in the insertion space, while the second is inserted slightly and lifts the wedge by hitting the lifting cam;
• 12 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 11, in which both railing straps are inserted and the wedge is shown in an intermediate position, into which it is pivoted further by hand after it had previously been pivoted up a little further by the insertion strap and lifting cams than in FIG. 11 and from which he slips past the tabs when lifting further, in order then to be pivoted about the other end of his elongated hole into the wedge-holding position;
• 13 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 5 of another variant of a wedge in the form of a double wedge;
• FIG. 14 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 13 in a state in which a railing strap is inserted slightly into the insertion space and partially raises the wedge as a result of hitting the lifting cam.
• FIG. 15 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 14, in which a railing strap is inserted and the wedge is fixed;
• FIG. 16 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 14, in which a railing strap is inserted and the second railing strap located at the beginning of insertion has raised the wedge further;
• FIG. 17 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 16, in which both railing tabs are inserted and fixed by the wedge, parts being shown in section, particularly to illustrate the two flattened portions of the bolt, in a vertical plane immediately in front of the double wedge;
• FIG. 18 shows an enlarged partial horizontal section along the line 18-18 in FIG. 2, the bolt being illustrated with a flattening, its other formation and storage in cooperation with a simple wedge and its elongated hole;
• 19 shows a schematic illustration of a wedge with an elongated hole and support on a flattened support cylinder which can be rotated on a bearing pin;
• FIG. 20 shows a schematic representation corresponding to FIG. 19 of a further embodiment variant with a fixed support bolt and end formation of the elongated hole for turning;
• 21 shows a partial representation of the elongated hole and fixed, flattened support bolt corresponding to the previous figures;
• 22 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 21 in the area of the fastening of the support bolt without the wedge.

The scaffold 30 shown schematically for example in FIG. 1 has vertical stems 31.1 and 31.2 which are connected to frames by transverse horizontal beams 32. Two wedge boxes 33 are fastened to the inside of the frame at a suitable, predetermined height on the stems 31. 1 located outside the building, as is usual with such scaffolding. These serve to fix the horizontal railing rods 34. The railing rods 34 have bent and flattened railing straps 35 at their ends in a known manner. These have a width 36 of approximately 33 mm and a thickness 37 of approximately 6 mm. They extend from the support surfaces 38 down the length 39 to the end edge 40 cut off in the corners. The railing tabs 35 are inserted in a known manner into insertion spaces 41 of the wedge boxes 33 which are open upwards and here downwards, for example. The insertion spaces 41 are delimited by side walls 42.1 and 42.2. The side walls 42.1 and 42.2 are connected in the area of the stem wall 43 by a web 44 formed in one piece with them. This web 44 is designed on its tube contact surface 45 to match the cylinder of the cylindrical tubular stem.

There are two variants for the training according to FIGS. 3 and 4. 3 is designed as a bent sheet steel part. The web 44 has a central contact area 46 which is straight. From this two inclined legs 47 are bent approximately tangentially to the stem wall 43 by approximately 30 °. At their ends, the side walls 42.1 and 42.2 are bent parallel to one another in the corners 48 with a tight rounding, so that there is an internal distance 49 which - as can be seen - is considerably larger than the width 36 of the railing tabs 35 by an insertion play. The contact area 46 forms the tab contact 50 on the inside of the insertion space 41. In the area of the corners 48, the wedge box 33 is welded to the handle 31.1 by two vertically running V-seams 51, as shown in FIG. 3. The chamfered shape results in small cavities 52.

The embodiment variant according to FIG. 4 differs from the one shown above only in that it is a light metal extrusion profile in which the inner contact surface 55 of the web 44 is designed in the form of a part circle. All other elements are essentially the same. The wedge box designs in the two variants are therefore treated together.

A wedge bracket 60 is formed opposite the tab system 50. This has a slot 61 lying radially to the stem cross section, the width 62 of which is larger than the outer width 63 of the wave crests 64 of the corrugated wedge 65 by a sufficient clearance, as shown in FIGS. 3 illustrate. Due to the corrugated design of the wedge shown in FIG. 2, dirt is easily removed and good sliding through the slot is achieved.

The two slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 serve to limit the slot 61. These are offset inwards parallel to the side walls 42.1 and 42.2 and connected to the side walls 42.1 and 42.2 via connecting legs 67.1 and 67.2, which lie at right angles between them and limit the insertion space 41 to the outside. As can be seen, the slot 61 is open at the top and bottom and towards the insertion space 41 and towards the outside. In this way, the wedge 65 can be pivoted freely with suitable formation of aa.

To support the wedge 65 is a bolt 70 penetrating the slotted walls 66.1 and 66.2, which can be designed in many ways, as described below. The bolt 70 extends through the elongated hole 75 of the wedge 65. Together they provide both the support of the wedge forces and the securing against loss.

Basically, two outer contour shapes are possible for the wedge 65, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 12 and 13 to 17. The wedge 65 of FIGS. 5 to 12 is an asymmetrical outer contour with a lifting cam 97 and the wedge of FIGS. 13 to 17 is a symmetrical wedge with two lifting cams 97.1 and 97.2. Both forms of wedge have only one slot 75 of length 76 and width 77, which penetrates the flat wedge. The wedge suitably consists of stamped sheet steel or, if applicable, light metal sheet or reinforced plastic depending on the design of the other scaffolding and the conditions of use. Each wedge has an outer pressure surface 78. This extends at a wedge angle 79 to the reference line 80 of the elongated hole 75. The outer pressure surface 78 is straight. The length 81 of the rectilinear pressure outer surface 78 and the length 76 of the elongated hole 75 and the wedge angle 79 are coordinated with one another in accordance with an important feature of the invention such that either a railing bracket 35 or two railing brackets 35 can be clamped one on top of the other with the same pressing outer surface 78 .

The reference line 80 runs through the axis of rotation or pivot axis of the wedge formed by the axis 90 of the bolt 70 and is in the simple wedge 65 to the longitudinal central axis of the elongated hole 75 by the amount of the indentation 121 in relation to the distant surface line of the bolt in the direction of the contact pressure Outer surface 78 offset, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 9. In the wedge 115 with two lifting cams 97.1 and 97.2 and two flats 121 and 141, as can be seen from FIGS. 13 to 17, both lines coincide to form a reference line 80.

In the first embodiment of the wedge 65 according to FIGS. 5 to 12, the other long outer contour surface 82 is guided parallel to the reference line 80 of the elongated hole 75 at a distance 83, which is explained in more detail below. The connecting contour 85 running in the narrower area 84 of the wedge 65 from the pressure outer surface 78 to the outer contour surface 82 is designed in its part 85.1 adjacent to the outer contour surface 82 in a quarter circle with the radius 87. This corresponds to the distance 83. The remaining area 85.2 is designed to increase continuously up to the transition corner 88 to the pressure outer surface 78.

The distance 89 (FIG. 3) from the bracket system 50 to the axis 90 of the bolt 70 is coordinated with the thickness 37 of the railing brackets 35 and the distance 83 or the radius 87 such that when two railing brackets 35 are inserted, as in FIG 7 illustrates - with the wedge 65 hanging down and supported on the end 91 of the elongated hole 75, which lies in the region of the narrow side 84 of the wedge 65, there is no contact. The distance 89 is therefore greater than the sum of two thicknesses 37 and a distance 83 or radius 87, so that there remains an insertion play 92 and the railing straps can be inserted either as a single strap or both at the same time or in succession without wedge contact and no obstruction by the wedge takes place or the wedge 65 can slip through with the outer contour surface without clamping the railing tabs 35. On the other hand, the distance 89 is dimensioned such that in the clamped position of the wedge 65 (FIGS. 6 and 9) either one or two railing tabs 35 can be securely clamped by the pressure outer surface 78 taking into account their length 81 and the wedge angle 79.

The outer contour 95 of the wedge 65 in the region of the wider side 96 of the wedge is designed with a lifting cam 97 in such a way that the pressing outer surface 78 is increased by an amount which can be seen from the drawings above that at the pivot point 102 of the slot end 103 on the reference line 80 Normal is led out to corner 105. Then it leads continuously to the end 98 of a transition contour part 99 with a cam surface 100, the distance 101 from the pivot point 102 of the elongated hole end 103 at the wide wedge part 96 being greater than the radius 87. A transition contour part 99 is up to that End 104 of the parallel outer contour surface 82 out. The distances from the pivot point 102 are so larger than at the narrower area that when the railing straps are inserted - regardless of whether one or two railing straps 35 are inserted - the corner 105 of the lifting cam 97 or the cam surface 100 are hit, so that the lifting cam 97 is pivoted about the pivot point 102, which coincides with the center of the bolt 70 or its axis 90, as shown in FIG. 11. So, although the lifting cam 97 hangs in the insertion space 41, the insertion of the tab 35 can also be carried out without problems at distances and the railing rods 34 are temporarily secured against falling out to the side to such an extent that the assembly person is protected up to the wedge box 33 even in an unfavorable situation and the wedge 65 beyond the intermediate layer according to FIG. 12 and the narrower area 84 into that shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, respectively Clamp position can move. In this, the wedge 65 is expediently particularly fixed by a hammer blow from above. It can be unlocked by hitting it from below under wedge 65. The figures illustrate that the wedge 65 protrudes slightly beyond the side walls 42 and the slotted walls 66 even when two railing tabs 35 are inserted and can thus be operated properly.

In this asymmetrical wedge 65, the reference line 80 does not coincide with the longitudinal center axis of the elongated hole 75, but - as can be seen above all from FIG. 9 - is offset by the amount of the flattening 121 of the bolt 70 dealt with below and runs through the axis 90 of the bolt 70. The radius 87 is also guided about this axis 90.

Due to the favorably chosen shape and overall shape of the wedge 65, which has been optimized in many respects, with coordinated lengths, angles, end curves and the design of the lifting cam, the operator never has to swivel the wedge around before inserting one or two tabs, and insertion is by the wedge 65 in no way hindered, unless it has already been brought into the fastening position according to FIG. 6 for fixing a railing rod. Then there is a railing near the wedge box anyway, which the assembly person can hold onto and is therefore secured.

The previously described shape of the wedge uses the principle of allowing part of the outer contour of the wedge to slip through when it is not in the securing position. The exemplary embodiment dealt with in FIGS. 13 to 17 shows wedge boxes in the same form and with the same reference numerals, but a wedge 115 which is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the reference line 80 between the pivot point 102 and that in the end 91 of the elongated hole 75. This has two contact outer surfaces 78.1 and 78.2 and two lifting cams 97.1 and 97.2, the outer contour conditions of which are designed the same as they were dealt with in connection with the first exemplary embodiment.

As can be seen from the drawings, each time one or two tabs are inserted into the insertion space 41, one of the lifting cams 97.1 or 97.2 is hit and the wedge 115 is brought into its partially raised position. It can then be brought into the securing position by simply swiveling it up. With this wedge 115, too, there is no situation in which the insertion of one or two tabs would be hindered if the wedge is not in the securing position. Wedge 115 can also be knocked in and loosened. It also has the advantage that you only have to swivel it up to let it slide into the securing position.

In this embodiment, the longitudinal center line of the elongated hole 75 and the reference line 80 for the displacement of the wedge 115 and the dimensioning of its outer contour coincide because both elongated hole walls of the elongated hole 75 are each supported on one of the two opposite flats of the associated bolt.

In order to allow the wedge to pivot and nevertheless support the occurring forces well and sensibly, the bolt 70 with its bearing in the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 is to be sensibly designed. Exemplary embodiments for the design of the elongated hole and the support are dealt with below.

A useful design of the bolt can be seen clearly from FIGS. 3, 6 ff. And 18.

The entire clamping force for clamping the railing tabs 35 must be supported via the elongated hole wall 120 adjacent to the pressing outer surface 78. To reduce the surface pressure on the wall of the bolt 70, the bolt 70 is therefore provided with a flattened area 121 in the support area. This lies between the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 in the slot 61. Near its head 122, the bolt 70 has a cylindrical bearing surface 123 which has a diameter 124 which corresponds to the diameter of the bearing hole 125, taking into account the rotational play. At the other end, a shoulder nut 126 with a shoulder 127 and a bearing shoulder 128 is provided. The bearing lug 128 has the same outer diameter 124 as the bearing surface 123. The lug nut 126 is screwed against a support surface 129 of the bolt 70 on the external thread 130 of the same such that the head 122 and the shoulder 131 with little axial play on both sides of the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 lie so that even if the bolt 70 is dirty, it can rotate in well-functioning bearing surfaces. The distance 133 of the flattened portion 121 from the opposite outer wall line of the bolt is a little less than the width 77 of the elongated hole, the flattened portion 121 being so deep that, taking into account the play and wear of the bolt 70, the wedge 65 is pivoted and always rotates perfectly on the cylindrical bearing surfaces and lugs 123 and 128 firmly connected to it in the bearing holes 125 of the slotted walls 66.1 and 66.2. Then the supporting force is also transmitted in the diaphragm walls 66.1 and 66.2 with little surface pressure. As can be seen from FIG. 18, the thickness 136 of the wedge 65 is smaller than the outer width 63 of the corrugated wedge 65 because of the corrugated configuration. However, the material thickness is matched to the size of the flattening 121 taking into account the forces occurring and to the sizes of the Storage areas in the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 matched.

In contrast to the previously known, inadequately dimensioned supports of wedges on through pins or bolts, a simple, safe and permanent solution is proposed here which, on the one hand, enables the wedge to be swung around in any position and, on the other hand, allows the clamping forces that occur to be supported with little wear.

The bolt shown in FIG. 4 shows - without further explanations - two flats lying at the same distance from the axis 90 and is therefore intended for the symmetrical wedges 115 with two lifting cams 97.1 and 97.2. Its storage is designed accordingly.

Another possibility for the low-wear support of a pivotable symmetrical wedge 115 or, analogously, also of a simple wedge in each case on a large flattened support surface 141 is shown in FIG. 19. Here, a support cylinder 140 is rotatably mounted on a fixed bolt 139. This is designed taking into account the play and width 62 of the slot 61 and is seated on the bolt 139 with a rotational play. A simple, fixed bolt can then be inserted and clamped through a correspondingly large bore in the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2.

Another variant for supporting the wedge forces on a relatively large area is shown in FIG. 20 Elongated hole, which in the area of its two ends each has a rotating part 150.1 and 150.2 slightly beyond 180 ° wrap, the radius 151 corresponding exactly to the radius of the outer wall of the support bolt 152 which is to be fixed firmly between the slotted walls 66.1 and 66.2. The support bolt 152 has the flattened portion 121. As can be seen, the wedge can be moved in the desired wedge position in the slot 155 over the entire area, so that when one or two tabs are wedged there is always a large contact surface for supporting the forces . However, if the wedge is in its end positions, it can rotate freely because of the part-circular design of the rotating parts 150.1 and 150.2 of the elongated hole 155.

Another variant for large-area support of the wedge forces is shown in FIGS. 21 and 22.

A flat-oval support bolt 160 is fastened in the slot walls 66.1 and 66.2 so that they penetrate and are secured against rotation. For this purpose, a suitable long oval, inclined profile hole 161 can be provided in each diaphragm wall. The ends can be fastened in a suitable manner by means of screws, split pins, wedges or the like. The flat oval profile is dimensioned such that the flattening 121 serving the system is dimensioned according to the supporting forces that occur, while the two outer end regions here, for example, as Semicircle 162 are designed and the intermediate back surface 163 lying between them is also flat. It can be curved as well. The outer distance 165 of the two vertices of the circles 162 assigned to the end faces is slightly smaller than the width 77 of the slot 75.

Thus, as described above, the wedge can be supported on the flattened portion 121, but can also be freely pivoted around in the region of the ends of the elongated hole in order to serve the purposes previously described. A wide range of further configurations for large-area support and free rotation of the wedge at the ends of the elongated hole can be carried out within the scope of the invention. The wedge can also be made thicker and the diaphragm walls can move further apart. However, the present box shape is optimized in terms of stability, material expenditure and size for the practical problems that occur, especially since neither the outer corners of the wedge box nor the wedge itself should protrude too far into the working space of the scaffolding, since the railings are to be fastened to the inside of the stems of the scaffolding are in order to create favorable conditions for the railings and the ability to assemble the scaffolding and thereby to ensure that the wedge boxes with their wedges cannot be a hindrance when passing from one field to another. In this regard, too, a material expenditure, occurring forces and protrusion optimized solution for the wedge and box designs shown in the drawings have been found.

The summary printed below is part of the disclosure of the invention:

A wedge box (33) is fastened to the stem (31.1) of a scaffold, in the insertion space of which either one tab or two tabs (35) of railing rods (34) can be inserted. A wedge (65) which is displaceable and pivotable on a bolt (70) has an elongated hole (75) and a pressing-on outer surface (78) lying at a suitable wedge angle, at the upper end of which a lifting cam (97) is formed. The bearing and outer contour of the wedge (65) are selected so that the insertion play (92) remains and the wedge can either slip through or be raised by means of the cam surface (100) or the lifting cam (97) when inserted. The contact outer surface (78) and the elongated hole (75) are long enough, taking into account the wedge angle, in order to securely clamp one tab (35) or two tabs (35).

Reference symbol list:

• 30 scaffolding
• 31 stem
• 31.1 stem
• 31.2 stem
• 32 horizontal beams
• 33 wedge boxes
• 34 guardrail
• 35 railing strap
• 36 width of 35
• 37 thickness of 35
• 38 contact surface
• 39 length
• 40 end edge
• 41 insertion space
• 42 side wall
• 42.1 side wall
• 42.2 side wall
• 43 stick wall
• 44 bridge
• 45 pipe contact surface
• 46 Investment area
• 47 sloping legs
• 48 corner
• 49 Padding
• 50 tab system
• 51 V seam
• 52 cavity
• 55 inner contact surface
• 60 wedge holder
• 61 slot
• 62 width of 61
• 63 outside width of 64
• 64 wave crest
• 65 wedge
• 66 diaphragm wall
• 66.1 diaphragm wall
• 66.2 diaphragm wall
• 67.1 connecting leg
• 67.2 connecting leg
• 70 bolts
• 75 slot
• 76 length of 75
• 77 width of 75
• 78 contact surface
• 78.1 External pressure surface
• 78.2 External pressure surface
• 79 wedge angle
• 80 reference line of 75
• 81 length of 78
• 82 outer contour surface
• 83 distance
• 84 narrower range of 65
• 85 connecting contour
• 85.1 part
• 85.2 Remaining area
• 87 radius
• 88 transition corner
• 89 distance
• 90 axis of 70
• 91 end of 75
• 92 Insert game
• 95 outer contour of 65
• 96 wide wedge part
• 97 lifting cams
• 97.1 Lifting cams
• 97.2 Lifting cams
• 98 end of 99
• 99 transition contour part
• 100 cam surface
• 101 distance
• 102 pivot point
• 103 slot end
• 104 end of 82
• 105 corner of 97
• 115 wedge
• 120 slotted wall
• 121 flattening
• 122 head
• 123 storage space
• 124 diameter of 123
• 125 bearing hole
• 126 neck nut
• 127 shoulder
• 128 bearing approach
• 129 support surface
• 130 external thread
• 131 shoulder
• 133 distance
• 136 thickness of 65
• 139 bolts
• 140 support cylinders
• 141 support surface
• 150.1 turned part
• 150.2 turned part
• 151 radius
• 152 support bolts
• 155 slot
• 160 support bolts
• 161 profile hole
• 162 semicircle / circle
• 163 back transition area
• 165 Padding

Claims (14)

1. Bracket for railings on scaffolding;
with the following features:
- The scaffolds (30) have vertical stems (31; 31.1);
- Wedge boxes (33), each with an at least upwardly open insertion space (41), are attached to the stems (31.1);
- The railings (34) have pluggable, downwardly projecting railing tabs (35) into the insertion spaces (41) of the wedge boxes (33);
- The respective insertion space (41) is delimited by side walls (42.1, 42.2);
- A vertical tab system (50) is formed in the area of the stem wall (43);
- A wedge holder (60) is provided on the outside, the tab system (50) opposite insertion side;
- The wedge holder (60) has slot walls (66) which are connected to the side walls and between them define a slot (61) lying radially to the stem and to the insertion space (41) and upwards, downwards and outwards;
- The diaphragm walls are penetrated by a bolt (70; 152; 139, 140; 160) running horizontally and transversely to the axis of the stem;
- For clamping at least one railing strap, a wedge (65; 115) is slidably and pivotably arranged in the wedge holder (60);
- The wedge (65; 115) has an elongated hole (75) through which the bolt (70, ...) extends;
- The wedge has at least one pressure outer surface (78.1, 78.2) which comes to rest on the outer wall of the railing tab on the outside;
- A wedge angle (79) is formed between the pressure outer surface and the reference line (80) of the elongated hole (75);
- The length of the elongated hole and the pressure outer surface and the wedge angle are matched to the thickness of the tabs in such a way that with the same pressure outer surface either a tab or two tabs can be pressed against the tab system;
- The outer contours surrounding the elongated hole ends are at a distance from the axis of the bolt which is less than the distance (89) between the axis (90) of the bolt and the bracket system (50) minus twice the thickness of the railing bracket;
- A lifting cam (97) is formed in the area of the upper end of the pressure outer surface (78; 78.1, 78.2) in the fixed wedge position;
- The pressing outer surface (78) opposite outer contour surface (82) runs at most at a distance (83) to the reference line (80) of the elongated hole (75), which is less than the distance (89) between the center of the bolt and the tab system minus twice The thickness of the railing strap or the wedge (115) is designed as a double wedge with two lifting cams (97.1, 97.2) that is symmetrical in the center between the ends of the elongated hole (75). 2. Holder according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the side walls (42; 42.1, 42.2) and the web (50) forming the web (44) of the plug-in space (41) having the wedge box (33) are integrally formed and in the area of the corners (48) between the web (44) and Side walls (42; 42.1, 42.2) are welded to the handle (31.1). 3. Holder according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the wedge box (33) is formed from a cut light metal extrusion profile part. 4. Holder according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the wedge box (33) is formed from a steel-sheet-bent part. 5. Holder according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the wedge box (33) is designed as a cast metal part. 6. holder according to at least one of the other claims,
characterized,
that the slot (61) of the wedge holder (60) of the wedge box (33) delimited by the slot walls (66.1, 66.2) lying parallel to one another has a width (62) which corresponds to the outer width (63) of the wave crests (64) of the corrugated wedge ( 65) enlarged by a clearance that is sufficient even when dirty, and the slotted walls (66.1, 66.2) are connected to the side walls (42.1, 42.2) via connecting legs (67.1, 67.2). 7. Bracket for railings on scaffolding;
with the following features:
- The scaffolds (30) have vertical stems (31; 31.1);
- Wedge boxes (33), each with an at least upwardly open insertion space (41), are attached to the stems (31.1);
- The railings (34) have pluggable, downwardly projecting railing tabs (35) into the insertion spaces (41) of the wedge boxes (33);
- The respective insertion space (41) is delimited by side walls (42.1, 42.2);
- A vertical tab system (50) is formed in the area of the stem wall (43);
- A wedge holder (60) is provided on the outside, the tab system (50) opposite insertion side;
- The wedge holder (60) has slot walls (66) which are connected to the side walls and between them define a slot (61) lying radially to the stem and to the insertion space (41) and upwards, downwards and outwards;
- The diaphragm walls are penetrated by a bolt (70; 152; 139, 140; 160) running horizontally and transversely to the axis of the stem;
- For clamping at least one railing strap, a wedge (65; 115) is slidably and pivotably arranged in the wedge holder (60);
- The wedge (65; 115) has an elongated hole (75) through which the bolt (70, ...) extends;
- The wedge has at least one pressure outer surface (78.1, 78.2), which comes to rest on the outer wall of the outer railing tab;
- A wedge angle (79) is formed between the pressure outer surface and the reference line (80) of the elongated hole (75);
- The outer contours surrounding the elongated hole ends have a distance (89) to the axis (90) of the bolt, which is less than the distance (89) between the axis (90) of the bolt (70, ...) and the tab system (50) minus twice the thickness (37) of the railing tab (35);
characterized,
that the support surface on which the slot wall (120) is supported on the bolt (70; 152; 139, 140; 160) is designed as a flat support surface (flattening 121, 141) and that the slot (75, 155) in Wedge (65) and the other parts of the bolt (70; 139, 140; 152; 160) are designed such that the wedge (65, 115) can be freely pivoted, at least in its two hanging positions. 8. Holder according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the support element (bolt 70; support cylinder 140) is rotatably supported with the flat support surface relative to the slot walls (66.1, 66.2) and the width (77) of the elongated hole (75) the distance (133) of the support surface (flattening 121, 141) from the opposite surface line of the bolt (70) or the distance between the support surfaces (141) plus displacement corresponds. 9. Holder according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the bolt (70) in the area of the slot (61) has a flattened portion (121) and is equipped at its ends with at least a large part cylindrical bearing surfaces (123, 128), which are non-rotatably connected to it and in the slot walls (66.1 , 66.2) are rotatably mounted. 10. Holder according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the bolt (70) has a fixed head (122, a bearing boss (123) and an associated nut (126) which has a bearing boss (128) and the bearing bosses (123, 128) in bearing holes (125) in the slot walls (66.1, 66.2) are rotatable. 11. Holder according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the bolt has a head and an adjoining shaft part which is cylindrical over a length which corresponds to the outer width of the diaphragm walls and has a continuous flattening over a length extending up to a storage area and an axial securing device is provided which is located on the outer surface which supports a diaphragm wall. 12. Holder according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the bolt (139) is fixed between the slot walls (66.1, 66.2) and in the slot (75) carries a rotatable support cylinder (140) on it, which corresponds to the width (77) of the slot (75) from the distance opposite cylinder surface line or a second flat support surface (141) has a flat support surface (141). 13. Holder according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the support bolt (152) is installed non-rotatably between the slot walls (66.1, 66.2) and has a flattened portion (121) corresponding to the wedge angle (79) and the elongated hole (155) has cylindrical rotary parts (150.1, 150.2) in its end regions, the Diameter corresponds to the outside diameter of the fixed support bolt (152) plus rotational play. 14. Holder according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the support bolt (160) is constructed as a non-rotatable element between the diaphragm walls (66.1, 66.2) and has a flat oval profile, which is installed under the wedge angle (79) to the bracket system (50) in the wedge conditions corresponding distance and the width ( 77) of the elongated hole (75) corresponds to the outer distance (165) of the two vertices of the curvatures (162) of the support bolt (160) plus torsional backlash.

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