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EP0159940A2 - Bürste mit federnd einziehbaren Borsten, insbesondere zum Bürsten von unregelmässigen Oberflächen, wie Zähnen - Google Patents

Bürste mit federnd einziehbaren Borsten, insbesondere zum Bürsten von unregelmässigen Oberflächen, wie Zähnen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0159940A2
EP0159940A2 EP85400703A EP85400703A EP0159940A2 EP 0159940 A2 EP0159940 A2 EP 0159940A2 EP 85400703 A EP85400703 A EP 85400703A EP 85400703 A EP85400703 A EP 85400703A EP 0159940 A2 EP0159940 A2 EP 0159940A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
face
brush
wall
tufts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400703A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0159940B1 (de
EP0159940A3 (en
Inventor
Bernard Taravel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Laboratoires Pharmascience SA
Original Assignee
Laboratoires Pharmascience SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laboratoires Pharmascience SA filed Critical Laboratoires Pharmascience SA
Priority to AT85400703T priority Critical patent/ATE46253T1/de
Publication of EP0159940A2 publication Critical patent/EP0159940A2/de
Publication of EP0159940A3 publication Critical patent/EP0159940A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0159940B1 publication Critical patent/EP0159940B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
    • A46B5/002—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions
    • A46B5/0025—Brushes with elastically deformable heads that change shape during use
    • A46B5/0029—Head made of soft plastics, rubber or rubber inserts in plastics matrix
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B7/00—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body
    • A46B7/06—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body movably during use, i.e. the normal brushing action causing movement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a brush with retractable bristles, in particular for brushing surfaces of complex relief and for example for brushing teeth.
  • Traditional brushes include tufts of bristles, a first end of which is trapped in a brush head, of which this end is integral, and of which a second end is free and used for brushing; the respective free ends of the different tufts have an envelope surface which can deform slightly by bending the bristles in contact with a surface to be brushed but which, however, when this surface has too pronounced a relief, cannot adapt with sufficient precision on this surface and, above all, ensure contact with the latter by means of a pressure that is sufficient everywhere to ensure correct brushing.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by proposing a brush whose tufts of bristles can retract elastically, independently of one another, towards the inside of the brush so as to allow permanent adaptation. nente of the envelope surface defined by the free ends of these tufts to the surface to be brushed, and this without any noticeable difference in the intensity of the force applied to the different zones of the latter by the different tufts of hairs.
  • anisotropy proper to the membrane associated with the notion of punctual character of the elastic deformability of the latter, we mean the possibility of elastically shifting narrowly localized areas of the membrane relative to the rest of it. ci without influence on the immediately adjacent areas, or more precisely to elastically offset a contact area between a first end of any tuft and the membrane, relative to the rest of the latter, without shifting the contact areas between the first respective ends of the immediately adjacent tufts and the membrane; the notion of stretched state of the membrane will be understood in its most general sense, as meaning "non-loose state”; a setting tension of the membrane will however favor this privileged point deformability in the direction of its thickness.
  • the present invention proceeds from a radically different philosophy since it proposes to associate with all of the tufts of hair, defining a discontinuous structure due to their totally independent mounting, a single, continuous return member from a tuft to the other, by ensuring independence of movement and elastic return of the different tufts by using a specific quality of this return member, namely the membrane, and not by the structural device that constitutes a support a membrane on a grid; the membrane of a brush produced in accordance with the present invention, therefore stressed in terms of its inherent deformation possibilities, necessarily has a considerably increased longevity in comparison with the membrane of a brush produced in accordance with the teachings of the two aforementioned American patents.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 designates a flat head of a brush such as a toothbrush, integral with a handle 27 and having a flat face 2 on which this head 1 carries a plurality of tufts 3 bristles, arranged in respective directions approximately parallel to one another and perpendicular to face 2.
  • the face 2 is hollowed out with a cavity 4 which the face 2 surrounds on all sides to define the periphery and which is closed, at the level of this face 2, by a membrane 5 made of an isotropic elastomer material chosen for its ability to communicate to the membrane its possibility of undergoing substantially punctual elastic deformations and its own anisotropic character, defined above; was used successfully as membrane 5 of the artificial balloon of the type used for the production of advertising balloons, with a thickness e of the order of 3 tenths of mm, based on natural rubber.
  • the membrane 5 is secured in the stretched state with the brush head 1, on the flat face 2 thereof, over the entire periphery of the cavity 4 which the membrane 5 closes tightly, so that the cavity and the membrane enclose an air cushion, the presence of which advantageously increases the characteristic punctual deformability of the membrane in the direction of its thickness;
  • the cavity 4 can be opened by means allowing a free circulation, with the outside of this cavity 4, of air and of the medium in which the brush can be brought to evolve in certain applications, for example toothpaste in an aqueous medium in the case of a toothbrush; for this purpose, one can for example provide localized holes 24 arranged in the brush head 1, or limit the latter to a ring traversed right through by a cavity 4 fully open, by the face 5 and by an opposite face 26 of the head as shown in dashed line at 25, in Figures 1 and 2.
  • This plate 6 is secured to the brush head 1, with which it encloses the membrane 5 continuously over the entire periphery of the cavity 4; the plate 6 thus forms a rigid whole with the brush head 1, of which it could moreover form an integral part in other examples of implementation of the present invention, as will emerge from the description of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the plate 6 has a first flat face 7 thus turned towards the membrane 5, with which it is in flat contact when this membrane 5 is stretched, and towards the cavity 4, and a face 8 also flat, parallel to the face 7, and facing away from the membrane 5, towards the outside of the brush head 1.
  • the plate 6 is pierced right through with bores 9 in a number identical to that of the tufts 3, of which each of these bores 9 receives one, opposite the cavity 4.
  • each bore 9 has two cylindrical zones of revolution about the same respective axis 10 approximately perpendicular to the faces 7 and 8, due to a zone 11 of smaller diameter, adjacent to the face 8 of the plate 6 , and a zone 12 of larger diameter, adjacent to the face 7; these zones 11 and 12 are connected by an annular shoulder 13, perpendicular to the axis 10.
  • the tuft 3 has between these two ends 14 and 15 an intermediate zone 16 mounted to slide, along the axis 10, in the zone 11 of the bore 9 and having for this purpose, transverse to the axis 10, a section as close as possible to that of the zone 11 ; at its first end 14, on the other hand, it has a cross section transverse to the axis 10, but at most equal to that of the zone 12 of the bore 9, so as to be trapped between the shoulder 13 and the membrane 5, with the possibility of moving away from the shoulder 13 towards the cavity 4 by means of an elastic deformation of the membrane 5 and back to a position in abutment against the shoulder 13, but without possibility of exceeding the latter towards the face 8 of the plate 6; advantageously, in the intermediate zone 16 of sliding in the zone 11 of the bore 9, the bristles of the tuft 3 are agglomerated for example by welding in the frequent case where these
  • the shape of the envelope surface 18 and that of the faces 2 of the brush head and 7 of the plate 6, that is to say also the shape of the membrane 5 in the stretched state between these faces 2 and 7, can be chosen different from those which have been described; likewise,
  • the shape and nature of the tufts 3, as well as their distribution can be chosen at will and possibly modulated to communicate different characteristics to different areas of the same brush.
  • the very structure of the brush head and the way in which the membrane is connected to it can have many variations and, in particular, instead of being attached to the brush head facing a cavity of the latter, the perforated wall guiding the tufts of bristles to sliding can form an integral part of the brush head with which the membrane can be secured peripherally, continuously, by any means otherwise allowing free movement of the membrane, and for example by a cover delimiting opposite the latter, except in the peripheral connection zone, a cavity allowing such movement.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 Two exemplary embodiments of such a variant have been illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively; like Figures 1 to 3, these Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the example of a toothbrush, without limitation.
  • FIG. 4 where 101 has designated a flat brush head, integral with a handle not shown and comprising a flat wall 102, delimited essentially by two plane faces 103, 104 mutually parallel , and a flange 105 continuously bordering the wall 102 by forming a projection relative to the face 104 thereof and having in particular an inner peripheral face continuous ridge 106, perpendicular to and disjoined from the face 104 to which it is connected by means of a continuous groove 107, immediately adjacent to the face 106 and recessed with respect to a plane virtual extension 108 of the face 104, and by a continuous rim 109 connecting the groove 107 to the face 104 and forming above the plane extension 108 of the face 104 a projection of constant value d less than the value D, also constant, of the projection formed by the rim 105, and in particular by the inner peripheral face 106 thereof, relative to the planar extension 108 of the face 104.
  • the wall 103 is pierced right through with a plurality of bores 110 each of which has its own axis 111 perpendicular to the faces 103 and 104 and opens into one and the other of these, in particular near the flange 109 but not therein; for example, as illustrated, each of the bores 110 is thus delimited by a peripheral face 112 of cylindrical revolution around the corresponding axis 111, with a constant diameter.
  • Each of the bores 110 is intended to receive and guide, when sliding along the corresponding axis 111, a respective tuft of bristles 113 at any point comparable to one of the tufts 3 described.
  • the tuft 113 has a first end 114 for mounting on the brush head 101 by imprisonment, inside the latter, between the flat wall 102 and a membrane 117 as it will appear further on, a second end 115 in turn free and constituting the brushing end, as well as an intermediate zone 116 immediately adjacent to the first end 114 and passing through the flat wall 102 via the corresponding bore 110; as mentioned above, the bristles of the tuft are free between zone 116 of the latter and its end 115 while they are advantageously agglomerated in zone 116, so that the latter has a stable cylindrical envelope of revolution around the axis 111 with a diameter as close as possible to that of the face 112 of the bore 106, and that it thus establishes
  • the first end 114 of the tuft of hairs 113 forms with respect to the face 104, when this end 114 is in abutment on this face 104, a projection of value A intermediate between D and d, and closer to d than of D; preferably, this same dimension A is found on each of the tufts 113 each of which thus forms a projection of value A - d relative to the flange 109, perpendicular to the face 104, when the respective first ends such as 114 of the different tufts such that 113 are in abutment against the face 104 of the wall 102.
  • the head 101 which has just been described integrally carries an attached cover 118 formed, like the brush head 101, of a flat wall 119 delimited in particular by two plane faces 135 and 136 plane and mutually parallel, and of a rim 120 projecting from the face 106 of the wall 119.
  • the rim 120 is fitted into the rim 105 of the brush head 101, and placed in contact with the inner peripheral face 106 of this rim 105; respective shoulders 122 and 123 of the edges 105 and 120 define, by a mutual stop advantageously accompanied by mutual joining for example by high frequency welding if the cover 118 and the brush head 101 are made of a material plastic, or by any other appropriate means, a relative position of the cover 118 and of the head 101 such that the face 136 of the wall 119, placed opposite the face 104, is parallel to the latter and spaced from this face 104 d 'a distance greater than the sum of to and of a current thickness e 1 of the membrane 117; in the example illustrated, 3 is also greater than D.
  • the face 1 36 has dimensions in plan at least equal to those of the face 104, so as to present a zone opposite each zone of this face 104 in a direction perpendicular thereto, so that there remains between the face 136 and the membrane 117, assumed to be applied to the respective ends such as 114 of the different tufts of bristles such as 11.3 themselves in abutment against the face 104 of the flat wall 102, a possibility of movement of the membrane 117 and first ends such as 114 tufts such as 113.
  • the rim 120 has a continuous edge face 125, parallel to the face 136, and which connects the outer peripheral face 121 of the rim 120 to an inner peripheral face 127 thereof, which connects the face 125 to the face 136 at least approximately perpendicular to either of these faces; when the flange 120 is fitted into the flange 105 and the shoulders 122 and 123 are in mutual abutment, the edge face 125 of the flange 120 is placed opposite the groove 107 in a direction perpendicular to the virtual plane extension 108 of the face 104, and there remains between an edge 128 connecting this edge face 125 and the inner peripheral face 127 of the flange 120, on the one hand, the flange 109 on the other hand, a continuous annular space 129 having, perpendicular to the respective extensions 108 and 124 of the faces 104 and 136, that is to say also to the edge face 125, a thickness e 1 equal or approximately equal to the current thickness e 1 of
  • the annular space 129 thus constitutes a narrowing in comparison with a space 130 defined jointly by the groove 107 and the face 125 of the rim 120, and this arrangement is used to immobilize, inside the groove 107 by means of the face 125 of the rim 120, a continuous peripheral bead 131 that the membrane 117 has in excess thickness relative to its current thickness e 1 ; the membrane 117 engages in the space 129 without its peripheral bead 131 being able to escape from the space 130; preferably, the bead 131 has, when it is not trapped in space 130, a geometry different from that of this space, so that its trapping in this space 130 results in an elastic compression of this bead, contributing to his restraint.
  • the membrane 117 is preferably chosen such that, when it is released from the brush head 101 and the cover 118, it has a flat shape, of constant current thickness e 1 except at the level of its continuous peripheral bead 131, so that the mounting of this membrane 117 in the brush head 101 and the imprisonment of the bead 131 in space 130 translate, by imposing a deflection of the membrane against the edge 128 of a on the one hand, and against the respective first ends such as 114 of the different tufts of bristles such as 113 closest to the flange 109, on the other hand, placing this membrane 17 in prestressing tension even when the respective respective ends such as 114 tufts of bristles such as 113 are in abutment against the face 104 of the wall 102.
  • a brush thus designed in accordance with FIG. 4 is the same as that of a brush of the type illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3; the face 136 of the flat wall 119 and the face 127 of the rim 120 define, opposite the membrane 117 and all of the respective first ends such as 114 of the different tufts of bristles 113, a single, common cavity 132 towards which the membrane 117 can flex freely, locally, when one or other of the tufts of bristles such as 113 is stressed by a force directed towards this cavity 132 approximately parallel to the corresponding axis 1 ′ 11, and exerts an elastic return on this tuft 113 to bring its first end 114 into abutment against the face 104 as soon as such stress stops; depending on the case, provision may be made for the cavity 132 to be sealed in particular by the membrane 117 and the cover 118 or, on the contrary, when the brush is intended to work in a liquid medium, ensure a free circulation of this medium between the cavity 132 and the exterior thereof by suitably
  • FIG. 5 presents great analogies with those of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 has been designated under the references 201 to 208, 210 to 224, 226 to 227, 231, 232, 235, 236, the elements described respectively under the references 101 to 108, 110 to 124, 126, 127, 131, 132, 135, 136 in connection with the variant illustrated in FIG. 4; reference will therefore be made to the description of this figure as regards the common elements, of which only the differences with respect to the elements which correspond to them in the case of the variant of FIG. 4 will now be described.
  • the groove 207 corresponding to the groove 107 is connected directly on the one hand to the inner peripheral face 206 of the flange 205, corresponding to the inner peripheral face 106 of the flange 105 , and on the other hand to the face 204 of the wall 202, corresponding to the face 104 of the face 102, in the absence of an equivalent to the flange 109 in the case of the variant of FIG. 5.
  • peripheral external 221 and internal 227 faces respectively of the rim 220 of the cover 218 are not connected to each other by a flat edge face like the face 125, but by two faces 233 , 234 defining for the rim 220 a beveled end 226 engaged in the groove 207 of the brush head 201 with the insertion of a continuous peripheral zone 237 of the membrane 217 including the bead 231, disposed around this continuous peripheral zone 237, is fitted into a continuous peripheral groove 238 that the outer peripheral face 221 of the rim 220 of the cover 218 has at its junction with the face 233, facing the face 206 of the rim 205 of the brush head 201, along a mean plane 239 intermediate between the respective planar extensions 208 and 224 of the faces 204 and 236 but closer to the extension 208 than to the extension 224; directly opposite the face 233, between the groove 238 and a softened edge 240 connecting the face 233 with the face 234, the groove
  • the membrane 217 can also have a flat conformation, when it is not fitted by its peripheral bead 231 in the groove 238 of the rim 220 of the cover 218 and bent against the edge 240 of the latter, on the one hand, and against the first ends such as 214 tufts of bristles such as 213 closest to the groove 207, on the other hand; it then advantageously has a constant current thickness e 2 , except at the level of its peripheral bead 231, in excess thickness.
  • the choice of the material constituting the membrane 5, and of the thickness thereof, can easily be made by a person skilled in the art as a function of the mechanical characteristics, in particular of elasticity, to be communicated to this membrane.
  • the material will advantageously be chosen from the group comprising elastomers of the natural or synthetic latex type, such as polychloroprene, natural rubber preferably treated so as to have improved resistance to aging, and silicones; the thickness of the membrane in the relaxed state will generally vary on the order of 1 tenth of a mm to less than 1 mm in the case of toothbrushes, to then provide a possibility of amplitude of localized elastic deformation, called punctual, of the membrane of the order of 0.5 mm to 5 mm for an effort of the order of 2N (approximately 200 gf ) at 7.5 N (approximately 750 gf) applied in a distributed manner to all of the tufts of bristles in the respective mean directions thereof, that is to say along the respective axes

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  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
EP85400703A 1984-04-13 1985-04-09 Bürste mit federnd einziehbaren Borsten, insbesondere zum Bürsten von unregelmässigen Oberflächen, wie Zähnen Expired EP0159940B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400703T ATE46253T1 (de) 1984-04-13 1985-04-09 Buerste mit federnd einziehbaren borsten, insbesondere zum buersten von unregelmaessigen oberflaechen, wie zaehnen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8405896 1984-04-13
FR8405896A FR2562775B1 (fr) 1984-04-13 1984-04-13 Brosse a poils retractables elastiquement, notamment pour le brossage de surfaces de relief complexe telles que les dents

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0159940A2 true EP0159940A2 (de) 1985-10-30
EP0159940A3 EP0159940A3 (en) 1987-05-27
EP0159940B1 EP0159940B1 (de) 1989-09-13

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ID=9303154

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400703A Expired EP0159940B1 (de) 1984-04-13 1985-04-09 Bürste mit federnd einziehbaren Borsten, insbesondere zum Bürsten von unregelmässigen Oberflächen, wie Zähnen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4633542A (de)
EP (1) EP0159940B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60232109A (de)
AT (1) ATE46253T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1255859A (de)
DE (1) DE3572919D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8700564A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2562775B1 (de)
PT (1) PT80267B (de)

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FR2599604A1 (fr) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-11 Taravel Bernard Dispositif rotatif de brossage
EP0504893A1 (de) * 1991-03-22 1992-09-23 Ji Wan Kim Federnde Bürste
WO1998012948A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-02 Unilever Plc A brush and method for producing same
US8069524B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2011-12-06 Glaxosmithkline Consumer Healthcare Gmbh & Co. Toothbrush
EP3440957A1 (de) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-13 Innotech Appliance Limited Handbetätigte zahnbürste

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US20040177462A1 (en) 2003-03-14 2004-09-16 The Gillette Company Toothbrush head
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US7073225B1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2006-07-11 Stephen C Ford Plaque eradicating system utilizing a plurality of double-sided toothbrushes or toothbrush heads
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US7941886B2 (en) * 2003-09-19 2011-05-17 Braun Gmbh Toothbrushes
US7275277B2 (en) * 2003-09-26 2007-10-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Flexible toothbrush head
KR101203086B1 (ko) * 2004-03-09 2012-11-20 글락소스미스클라인 컨수머 헬쓰케어 게엠베하 운트 코.카게 칫솔
US7600288B1 (en) * 2008-05-31 2009-10-13 Givonetti Raymond R Conforming toothbrush head with pressure equalizer
MX2011013719A (es) * 2009-06-26 2012-02-22 Gillette Co Indicador de presion para cepillo de dientes.
US8434183B2 (en) * 2010-08-13 2013-05-07 Braun Gmbh Brush section for an electric toothbrush
US20110289709A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Vesta Marie Attaway U-shape disposable toothbrush head
ITBO20100556A1 (it) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-15 Lorenzo Mazza Testina per spazzolino da denti
US20130205529A1 (en) 2010-10-25 2013-08-15 Zahoransky Formenbau Gmbh Brush and method for producing a brush
RU2592772C2 (ru) 2012-03-09 2016-07-27 Колгейт-Палмолив Компани Способ выполнения пластины головки и образование устройства для ухода за полостью рта с использованием такого способа
KR20140145603A (ko) 2012-03-22 2014-12-23 콜게이트-파아므올리브캄파니 굴곡 가능한 핸들을 갖는 구강 관리 기구
US11089862B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2021-08-17 The Gillette Company Llc Oral-care implement and method for manufacturing the same
ES2972150T3 (es) * 2013-11-13 2024-06-11 Gillette Co Llc Utensilio para cuidado bucal y método para fabricar el mismo
WO2017182355A1 (de) 2016-04-20 2017-10-26 Trisa Holding Ag Bürstenprodukt und verfahren zur herstellung
US10646028B1 (en) 2019-03-12 2020-05-12 Nathan Quang Huynh Brush assemblies
ES2848898B2 (es) * 2020-02-11 2022-07-13 Cecotec Res And Development S L Rodillo de limpieza de superficies
US11484111B2 (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-11-01 Shih Chih Chiang Brush structure

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US3882544A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-05-06 Xerox Corp Combined wide-erase and read-write magnetic head
JPS546623U (de) * 1977-06-16 1979-01-17
US4240451A (en) * 1979-02-26 1980-12-23 Helen Of Troy Corporation Differential hair engagement retainer
DE2909638A1 (de) * 1979-03-12 1980-09-25 Heinz Weber Buerstenelement, insbesondere zur herstellung von kehrwalzen fuer strassenkehrmaschinen
US4240452A (en) * 1979-09-13 1980-12-23 Jean San Bau Elastic base toothbrush

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2599604A1 (fr) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-11 Taravel Bernard Dispositif rotatif de brossage
EP0504893A1 (de) * 1991-03-22 1992-09-23 Ji Wan Kim Federnde Bürste
WO1998012948A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-02 Unilever Plc A brush and method for producing same
US5970564A (en) * 1996-09-26 1999-10-26 Chesebrough-Pond's Usa Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. Brush having an elastomeric bridge
US8069524B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2011-12-06 Glaxosmithkline Consumer Healthcare Gmbh & Co. Toothbrush
EP3440957A1 (de) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-13 Innotech Appliance Limited Handbetätigte zahnbürste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4633542A (en) 1987-01-06
CA1255859A (fr) 1989-06-20
ES8700564A1 (es) 1986-11-16
JPH0154045B2 (de) 1989-11-16
EP0159940B1 (de) 1989-09-13
FR2562775B1 (fr) 1989-12-22
ES542095A0 (es) 1986-11-16
PT80267B (pt) 1987-06-17
PT80267A (fr) 1985-05-01
ATE46253T1 (de) 1989-09-15
DE3572919D1 (en) 1989-10-19
JPS60232109A (ja) 1985-11-18
FR2562775A1 (fr) 1985-10-18
EP0159940A3 (en) 1987-05-27

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