DE1678197B2

DE1678197B2 - BULLET FOR PRACTICE AMMUNITION

Info

Publication number: DE1678197B2
Application number: DE1968D0054998
Authority: DE
Inventors: Joachim Dipl.-Phys. 3070 Nienburg; Joch Erich 5060 Bensberg-Refrath Nicodemus
Original assignee: Dynamit Nobel AG
Current assignee: Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date: 1968-01-02
Filing date: 1968-01-02
Publication date: 1976-10-21
Also published as: DE1678197A1

Description

spitze als eine vom vorderen Geschoßende ausgehende Uhrzeigersinn, drehenden Geschoß ständig ein Impuls sacklochartige Bohrung auszubilden, deren hinteres mitgeteilt, um dessen Betrag infolge der Reaktionswii-Ende über vorzugsweise radial angeordnete Kanäle mit kung sich der Drall des Geschosses während des Flugs nach außen offenen Tangentialbohrungen in Verbin- fortwährend verringert.Pointed as a clockwise rotating projectile starting from the front end of the projectile, a constant pulse Form blind hole-like bore, the rear communicated to the amount due to the reaction wii-end The spin of the projectile during flight is controlled via preferably radially arranged channels with kung outwardly open tangential bores in connection continuously reduced.

dung steht. Hierbei strömt dann die in die zentrale 5 Beim Geschoß 1 der F i g. 2a und 2b ist das vordere Bohrung einströmende und in dieser gestaute Luft über Ende in Form eines zapferförmigen Ansatzes 6 die Kanäle und Tangentialbohrungen nach außen ab, ausgebildet. An diesen Ansatz 6 schließen sich die wobei infolge einer entsprechenden Anordnung und gekrümmten Schaufeln 7 an.dung stands. This then flows into the central 5 At floor 1 of FIG. 2a and 2b is the front one Air flowing into the bore and trapped in this air over the end in the form of a pin-shaped projection 6 the channels and tangential bores to the outside, formed. This approach 6 is followed by the whereby due to a corresponding arrangement and curved blades 7 on.

Ausbildung der Mündungen der Tangentialbohrungen Die zwischen die Schaufeln 7 einströmende Luft wirdFormation of the mouths of the tangential bores The air flowing in between the blades 7 is

das Geschoß der ausströmenden Luft einen Impuls io durch die Rotation des Geschosses in Pfeilrichtung, also mitteilt, um dessen Betrag die Rotation des Geschosses entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn, im wesentlichen zentrifuinfolge der Reaktionswirkung demzufolge aber abge- gal nach außen abgeschleudert, wobei der Luft durch bremst wird. den außenliegenden Teil der Schaufeln ständig einthe projectile of the outflowing air has an impulse io due to the rotation of the projectile in the direction of the arrow, i.e. notifies the amount by which the rotation of the projectile counterclockwise, essentially centrifugal sequence the reaction effect, however, is thrown off galactically to the outside, with the air passing through is braked. the outer part of the blades constantly

Nach einem anderen Vorschlag der Erfindung sind die Impuls mitgeteilt wird. Infolge der Reaktionswirkung Ausnehmungen im Bereich der Geschoßspitze als eine 15 wird auch hier der Drall des Geschosses in entsprechen-Anzahl von gleichmäßig über den Umfang angeordnete der Weise abgebremst, so daß sich der Drall während im wesentlichen radial bis tangential sich erstreckende des Geschoßfluges fortwährend verringert, bis er Schaufeln ausgebildet. Dabei sind die Schaufeln schließlich den für einen stabilen Geschoßflug erfordergewölbt, und zwar derart, daß sie von einer etwa radial liehen Mindestwert unterschreitet. Das nunmehr instabil gerichteten Erstreckung im Bereich des Schaufelfußes 20 fliegende, d. h. sich überschlagende Geschoß wird nach ihrer außenliegenden freien Kante zu in eine dadurch in Flugrichtung stark abgebremst und dementtangential gerichtete Erstreckung übergehen, wobei die sprechend wie bezweckt seine Flugweite stark herabge-Schaufeln mit ihrer konvex gewölbten Flachseite in setzi.According to another proposal of the invention, the impulses are communicated. As a result of the reaction effect Recesses in the area of the tip of the projectile as a 15 are also here the twist of the projectile in a corresponding number decelerated by evenly arranged over the circumference of the way, so that the twist during substantially radially to tangentially extending the projectile flight continuously decreases until it Shovels formed. Finally, the blades are arched as required for stable projectile flight, in such a way that it falls below an approximately radially borrowed minimum value. That is now unstable directed extension in the region of the blade root 20 flying, d. H. overturning projectile towards its outer free edge in a thereby strongly decelerated in the direction of flight and dementangential over directed extension, with the speaking as intended its flight range strongly down-shoveling with its convex flat side in setzi.

Richtung des Dralls betrachtet nach vorn zeigen. Die In gleicher Weise wie bei F i g. 2a und 2b ist auch beimWhen viewed in the direction of the twist, point to the front. In the same way as in FIG. 2a and 2b is also with

Anordnung und Ausbildung der Schaufeln ist demzufol- 25 Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß F i g. 3a und 3b am vordege so getroffen, daß sie die anströmende Luft erfassen ren Ende des Geschosses ein zapfenförmiger Ansatz 6 und durch Zentrifugalwirkung vom Geschoß weg- ausgebildet, und zwar am vorderen Ende des Brennschleudern, so daß über sie vom rotierenden Geschoß kammergehäuses 8, wo sich üblicherweise der Raketenauf seinem Flug der von den Schaufeln erfaßten geschoßkopf befindet. Ebenfalls wie bei der Fi g. 2a und anströmenden Luft ständig ein Impuls mitgeteilt wird, 30 2b sind am Ansatz 6 die gewölbten Schaufeln 7 um dessen Betrag sich infolge der Reaktionswirkung vorgesehen. Der Raketenmotor 8 ist so ausgelegt, daß dann auch hier die Rotation des Geschosses wieder der während seiner Brenndauer von ihm erzeugte Schub verringert. den Luftwiderstand mindest so weit kompensiert, daßThe arrangement and design of the blades is accordingly 25 exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3a and 3b at the front taken so that they capture the incoming air Ren end of the projectile a pin-shaped projection 6 and formed away from the projectile by centrifugal action, namely at the front end of the centrifuge, so that about them from the rotating projectile chamber housing 8, where usually the missile on its flight is the bullet head captured by the blades. As with Fi g. 2a and a pulse is constantly communicated to the inflowing air, 30 2b are the curved blades 7 at the attachment 6 the amount of which is provided as a result of the reaction effect. The rocket motor 8 is designed so that then here, too, the rotation of the projectile, again the thrust generated by it during its burning time decreased. compensates the air resistance at least so far that

Um bei der Magazinierung und bei der Zuführung der lediglich ein Restwiderstand bleibt, der demjenigen des Munition in das Patronenlager der Waffe Schwierigkei- 35 normalen Kampfgeschosses, d. h. scharfen Geschosses ten zu vermeiden, wird vorteilhaft vorgesehen, die entspricht. Für ein sogenanntes Treffbildschicßen wird Schaufeln mit nach dem vorderen Geschoßende zu sich der Teil des Flugweges ausgenutzt, den das Geschoß in verringernder Breite auszubilden. Dadurch wird er- angetriebenem Zustand durchfliegt. Die für dieses reicht, daß die Geschoßkonturen denjenigen eines Schießen erwünschte Distanz wird mit der Brenndauer entsprechenden scharfen Geschosses zumindest ähnlich 40 des Raketenantriebs festgelegt,
sind. Nach Brennschluß des Rakeienmotors 8 fliegt dasIn order to avoid a normal combat projectile, ie live projectile, which corresponds to that of the ammunition in the cartridge chamber of the weapon, it is advantageous to provide a resistance that corresponds to that of the ammunition in the cartridge chamber of the weapon. For a so-called hit picture shooting, the part of the flight path that the projectile forms in a decreasing width is used with shovels facing the front end of the projectile. As a result, the driven state is flown through. It is sufficient for this that the projectile contours to those of a shooting distance is determined with the burning time corresponding sharp projectile at least similar to the rocket drive,
are. After the Rakeien engine 8 burns out, it flies

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung in Ausführungsbei- Geschoß mit seinem vollen Luftwiderstand und einer spielen gezeigt und wird anhand dieser im folgenden um das Gewicht der Treibladung 9 reduzierten erläutert. Ls zeigen ballistischen Belastung. Dadurch erleidet das GeschoßThe invention is in the drawing in Ausführungsbei- floor with its full air resistance and one play shown and is based on this in the following reduced by the weight of the propellant charge 9 explained. Ls show ballistic stress. This causes the projectile to suffer

Fi g. la und Ib in einem teilweisen Längsschnitt und 45 nach Brennschluß eine Verzögerung, die einem im Querschnitt ein an der Spitze mit Bohrungen und Vielfachen derjenigen eines normalen Kampl'gcschos-Kanälen versehenes Geschoß, ses entspricht, wodurch für die Übungsmunition eineFi g. la and Ib in a partial longitudinal section and 45 after the burnout a delay that one in cross section one at the tip with bores and multiples of those of a normal Kampl'gcschos canals provided projectile, ses corresponds, whereby one for the practice ammunition

Fig. 2a und 2b in einem Längsschnitt und in entsprechende Verkürzung de« Gefahienberechs erDraufsicht ein an der Spitze mit Schaufeln ausgebildetes reicht wird. Das Übungsgeschoß und die dazugehörende Geschoß und 50 Geschoßtreibladung sind also so aufeinander abge-2a and 2b in a longitudinal section and in a corresponding shortening of the danger area one with blades at the top is enough. The training floor and the associated one So the projectile and 50 projectile propellant charge are

Fi g. 3a und 3b die Anwendung der erfindungsgemä- stimmt, daß die für den jeweiligen Übungszweck ßen Maßnahme bei einem Raketengeschoß. erforderliche Innenballistik, d.h. eine genügend hoheFi g. 3a and 3b the application of the invention is correct that the for the respective exercise purpose ßen measure in a missile projectile. required internal ballistics, i.e. a sufficiently high one

Beim Geschoß 1 der Fig. la unii Ib geht die zentrale Abgangsgeschwindigkeit und die volle Waffenfunktion axiale Bohrung 2 an ihrem hinteren Ende in die radial ohne jegliche Änderung der Originalwaffc erreicht wird. verlaufenden Kanäle 3 über, an die sich die außenseitig 55 Anstelle der Bremsschaufeln 7 könnten am Kopf des offenen tangentialen Bohrungen 4 anschließen. Raketengeschosses selbstverständlich auch BohrungenWhen floor 1 of Fig. La unii Ib is the central departure speed and the full weapon function axial bore 2 at its rear end into which is reached radially without any change to the original weapon. running channels 3, to which the outside 55 instead of the brake blades 7 could be at the head of the Connect open tangential holes 4. Missile projectile, of course, also drill holes

Die während des Geschoßfluges in die Bohrung 2 und Kanäle entsprechend den in den Fig. la und Ib einströmende Luft wird zunächst am hinteren Ende de: dargestellten 3, 4 vorgesehen werden, die den Drall des Bohrung 2 gestaut und strömt dann über die Kanäle 3 Geschosses in gleicher Weise bremsen und nach einer und die Bohrungen 4 nach außen ab. Durch den fto erwünschten stabilen Flugstrecke den instabilen w eitc-Wandteil 5 der Bohrungen 4 wird der ausströmenden ren Geschoßflug zur Folge haben.
Luft von dem sich in Pfeilrichtung, also entgegen demThe air flowing into the bore 2 and channels during the projectile flight corresponding to the air flowing in in FIGS brake in the same way and after one and the holes 4 to the outside. Due to the stable flight path desired, the unstable white wall part 5 of the bores 4 will result in the outflowing projectile flight.
Air from which is in the direction of the arrow, i.e. against the

Hierzu 3 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims

'f'f

² . ² .

A In another variant of this training floor

Claims: * - ^ with trained in the area of the bullet tip

Recesses, the bullet tip is rotatable about one

1. Projectile for practice ammunition with a shortened eccentric, but parallel to the projectile axis Range, the tilting of which is stored in the trajectory 5 arranged pegs. The bullet tip will is triggered by the fact that recesses in the direction of the air pressure by a spring against a In the area of the bullet tip, the twist is pressed under a holding device designed as a ball. the slow down certain who, thereby projectile props is on their circumference with suitable indicates that the recesses so provided surfaces or grooves that strive to are dimensioned that the twist under the to the io tip during the flight against the direction of rotation of the Maintaining stable flight of the projectile requires twisting the projectile. This prevents twisting Such a minimum twist, however, decreases the pressure of the spring and that on the tip

2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized thereby, acting air pressure. Only after the speed shows that the recess in the area of the projectile has sunk after moving back a part of the projectile tip as a trajectory from the front projectile end 15, the tip is rotated through 180 ° starting blind hole-like central axial bore relative to the projectile body, whereby a (2) is formed, which is caused at its rear end via such disturbance of the balance of the projectile preferably radially arranged channels (3) in after that it suddenly loses its speed outwardly open and with its muzzle in twisting direction completely.

direction pointing tangential bores (4) opens. 20 These well-known training bullets are made up of several

3. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized by individual parts to be displaced relative to one another , is characterized by the fact that the recesses are built in the area and correspondingly complex in the

Projectile tip a number of evenly across manufacture and prone to failure as to the required

the scope distributed on this arranged in function. The invention is based on the object.

substantially radially to tangentially extending 25 to avoid these disadvantages, that is to say tilting

curved with their convex flat side in the direction of the training floor with simpler than the known

of the swirl are blades (7) pointing forward. best means to achieve.

4. Projectile according to claim 3, characterized in order to solve this problem is according to the invention for shows that the width of the blades (7) is provided for a projectile of the type mentioned above, reduced to the front end of the projectile. 30 to dimension the recesses so that the twist below

to maintain stable projectile flight required minimum twist decreases. According to the invention

is the range of a projectile through

The invention relates to a projectile for decelerating the spin among the upright sharks

Training ammunition with a shortened range, the min-

Tipping in the trajectory is triggered by the fact that least twist is reduced in a precisely predetermined manner, so

Recesses in the area of the projectile tip the twist that the use of such projectiles

Decelerate below a certain value. trained practice ammunition also on small firing ranges

Because of the relatively large range of bursting is possible. It is assumed that

Live ammunition is used in terms of combat compliance with the use of ammunition from the original weapon

When training the troops to a few large shooting angles, the rifling angle is unchanged, and is

and limited practice areas. To this disadvantage sets that the projectile the weapon barrel with a

Eliminate and target practice even at lower speed relies that are so far above that for a stable one

To enable seats, exercise floors are already flight necessary minimum speed that a

known with shortened range. In this way, the 45 flight path of the desired length is stably flown through

DT-PS 7 34 429 describes a training projectile, which begins at the time of departure

Trajectory up to a certain range results in the most continuous possible deceleration of the spin. To

coincide with that of the sharp projectile, then the proposal of the invention is provided that

but should be shortened considerably. This is provided for. Tip of the bullet with a spin retardant

to provide the stability of the projectile during the projectile flow, which has the advantage of

due to a sudden change in the storey - that no individual parts are relative for their function

Center of gravity are to be shifted by repelling or shifting from one another.

To pick up storey parts. For this purpose ζ B. the appropriate design and dimensioning of the tip of the projectile with its rear part above this spin-braking device has it connected in the radially guided balls, which as a result of the 55 hand, the rotation of the projectile during its centrifugal force after the launch to brake in their outer flight so that after an inside locking position are held. In order to reduce the flight path that can be set for certain limits more quickly for the projectile speed, the minimum rotation required in the twist stabilization is below the area of the projectile tip on the lateral surface than is stepped. As a result, however, recesses formed in the further projectile grooves are provided. After 60 flight unstable, and as a result, the corresponding reduction in the bullet speed is rolled over. This in turn has the consequence that the centrifugal force, and with it the centrifugal force, slip the balls inward from air resistance compared to the one in a stable flicihrer locking position and give the lower projectile increased many times over, so that the projectile tip is free so that it is under the effect accordingly The projectile is also strongly braked in the direction of its pretensioned axial spring from the rear 65 flight and thus the entire flight projectile part is repelled, and the individual parts are shortened in the desired way,
Due to their ballistically unfavorable shape, clearing will fall rapidly. provided, the recess in the area of the storey