AU2018101439A4

AU2018101439A4 - Special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut and preparation process thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2018101439A4
Application number: AU2018101439A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Yun GENG; Feng Guo; Xinguo LI; Yiyang Liu; Jingjing Meng; Shubo WAN; Sha YANG; Jialei Zhang; Zheng Zhang
Original assignee: Biotechnology Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Biotechnology Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2017-07-21
Filing date: 2018-07-20
Publication date: 2018-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2026-07-20
Also published as: WO2019015659A1; CN107396925A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, and in particular to a special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut, comprising a three-layer structure, wherein raw materials in an inner layer comprise phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid, and adhesive; raw materials in an intermediate layer comprise phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, urea formaldehyde powder; and raw materials in an outer layer comprise urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure. The pesticide is applied into the fruiting layer along with seeding, and does not release pesticidal effects in the early growth stage, but releases pesticidal effects until the coating film is decomposed in the pegging and pod-bearing stage of peanut in about 50 days after application into soil, which can not only reduce the pesticide use level to prevent non-point source pollution, but also strongly targetedly and effectively control soil pests, avoid the pesticide toxicity and pesticidal effect losses, reduce the pesticide use level, reduce environmental pollution, achieve safe storage and transport and low production cost, and have good market prospects. - Example 1 100 Example 2 A Example 3 -y-- Comparison Example 1 80 -4 Comparison Example 2 S -f- Comparison Example 3 -4-Comparison Example 4 60 --- Comparison Example 5 1Od 30d 40d 55d 70d 85d 100d 115d 130d

Description

The invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, and in particular to a special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut, comprising a three-layer structure, wherein raw materials in an inner layer comprise phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid, and adhesive; raw materials in an intermediate layer comprise phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, urea formaldehyde powder; and raw materials in an outer layer comprise urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure. The pesticide is applied into the fruiting layer along with seeding, and does not release pesticidal effects in the early growth stage, but releases pesticidal effects until the coating film is decomposed in the pegging and pod-bearing stage of peanut in about 50 days after application into soil, which can not only reduce the pesticide use level to prevent non-point source pollution, but also strongly targetedly and effectively control soil pests, avoid the pesticide toxicity and pesticidal effect losses, reduce the pesticide use level, reduce environmental pollution, achieve safe storage and transport and low production cost, and have good market prospects.

100 80 60 Example 1 ' Example 2 ' Example 3

Comparison Example 1 . Comparison Example 2

- Comparison Example 3

- Comparison Example 4 . Comparison Example 5 ce tU

20 -

L

10d 30d 40d 55d 70d 85d 100d 115d 130d

2018101439 20 Jul2018

SPECIAL FILM-COATED CONTROLLED RELEASE PESTICIDE FOR PEANUT AND PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF

TECHNICAL FIELD [OOOljThe invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, in particular to a special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut, and further to a preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut.

BACKGROUND [0002] Soil pests are serious pests for peanut, mainly including grubs, mole crickets, wireworms and the like. They mainly harm a large proportion of peanut pod, and seriously reduce the peanut yield and quality. There is highly negative correlation between the number of wormy fruits and the effective yield. According to statistics, soil pests such as grubs generally cause output reduction by 20%-40%, may seriously reduce output by 70%-80%, or even cause total crop failure. Since the 1990s, with the increase of resistance, farmer households have also increased the use level of pesticides unrestrainedly, thereby resulting in high toxicity and high residue in peanut. The planting benefit is declined accordingly, thereby seriously affecting the farmers’ enthusiasm for planting. The peanut planting area has been decreasing.

[0003] Soil pests have less effect on peanut in the early growth stage, but have aggravated damages mainly after peanut bears fruit. In production, soil pests are generally controlled by pesticide seed dressing or furrow application or spreading of pesticide when seeding peanuts. However, the pesticidal effects of most of these control methods are wasted in the early growth stage with less harmfixlness, and are often very low in the later growth stage with seriously harmfixlness. Moreover, the residual pesticidal effects after using a large amount of a highly toxic pesticide are high, thereby affecting the peanut quality and safety. A low toxic pesticide has short lasting pesticidal effects, has serious decomposition and losses because of the external environment, has low effective utilization rate, and often fails to play a very good role in prevention and control.

[0004] 103340209A discloses an insecticidal and bactericidal controlled release granule containing clothianidin and tebuconazole, the active ingredients of which are clothianidin and tebuconazole, and the carrier of which is one or more of clay, diatomite, kaoline, pottery clay and gypsum powder. The coating agent is one or both of polyester fiber and paraffin. The granule is applied to the root of a crop during plantation of the crop to achieve good effects on controlling piercing-sucking insects and fungal diseases of the crop; and the granule is applied twice in the crop growth period to well

2018101439 20 Jul2018 control diseases and pests throughout the growth period, so that the control period of the granule can be well prolonged, the application frequency of the granule can be reduced, and labor cost can be saved. The patent fails to record the release period, and does not have very good reference values.

[0005] 102351608A discloses a granular pesticidal fertilizer with a double layer core-shell structure, which is composed of a core, an intermediate layer coating the core and a controlled release layer as a shell coating the intermediate layer. The core contains fertilizers required by crops, and the intermediate layer coating the core contains pesticides; or according to production requirements, the core contains granular pesticide ingredients, the intermediate layer coating the core contains fertilizers, and the outermost layer is the controlled release layer controlling dissolution of pesticides and fertilizers. According to the invention, pesticides and fertilizers can stably coexist, and be released slowly, so as to reduce the application amount and frequency of pesticides and fertilizers in the crop growth period, and save farm work. The pesticidal fertilizer is universal without a disclosed release period, and neither is special for a crop, nor has very good reference values.

SUMMARY [0006] In view of the fact that a highly toxic pesticide for controlling soil pests has high residual pesticidal effects, thereby affecting the quality and safety of peanut, while a low toxic pesticide has short lasting pesticidal effects, and has low effective utilization rate, the application provides a special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut, which is applied into the fruiting layer along with seeding, and does not release pesticidal effects in the early growth stage, but releases pesticidal effects until the coating film is decomposed in the pegging stage of peanut. In this way, not only the pesticide use level can be reduced to prevent non-point source pollution, but also soil pests can be strongly targetedly and effectively controlled.

[0007] The application further provides a preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut.

[0008] The invention is implemented using the following measures:

[0009] A special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut includes a three-layer structure, where [0010] raw materials in an inner layer include 0.1-0.3 part of phoxim, 0.5-1 part of imidacloprid, 1.5-3.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5-5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 20-40 parts of wheat bran, 40-90 parts of humic acid, and 5-50 parts of adhesive;

2018101439 20 Jul2018 [0011] raw materials in an intermediate layer include 0.2-0.5 part of phoxim, 1-2 parts of imidacloprid, 2.5-5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5-5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 40-90 parts of humic acid, and 20-30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and [0012] raw materials in an outer layer include 40-60 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 30-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.

[0013] The fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:

[0014] mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 of the fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and [0015] 1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl0⁹ Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl0⁸IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl0⁶ IU cellulase, 3-4* 10⁵ IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^10⁵ IU beer yeast and 3-4* 10⁶ IU Bacillus subtilis.

[0016] The special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut preferably includes a three-layer structure, where [0017] the raw materials in the inner layer include 0.2 part of phoxim, 0.7 part of imidacloprid, 2.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 30 parts of wheat bran, 65 parts of humic acid, and 30 parts of adhesive;

[0018] the raw materials in the intermediate layer include 0.4 part of phoxim, 1.5 parts of imidacloprid, 4 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 70 parts of humic acid, and 25 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and [0019] the raw materials in the outer layer include 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 35 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.

[0020] A preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat

2018101439 20 Jul2018 bran, humic acid and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;

[0022] (2) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, humic acid, adhesive and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and [0023] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.

[0024] In the preparation process, the raw materials in the intermediate layer in step (2) preferably coat the granules in the inner layer at a rate of 400-500mg/g.

[0025] In the preparation process, the raw materials in the outer layer in step (3) preferably coat the granules in the intermediate layer at a rate of 350-450mg/g.

[0026] The invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] the special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut according to the application is applied into the fruiting layer along with seeding, and does not release pesticidal effects in the early growth stage, but releases pesticidal effects until the coating film is decomposed in the pegging and pod-bearing stage of peanut in about 50 days after application into soil, which can not only reduce the pesticide use level to prevent non-point source pollution, but also improve the pesticidal effects to strongly targetedly control soil pests, achieve safe storage and transport and low production cost, and have good market prospects.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0028] Fig. 1 shows cumulative release rate of a pesticide according to the examples and the comparison examples.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS [0029] In order to better understand the invention, the invention is further described below in conjunction with the examples.

Example 1 [0030] A special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut includes a three-layer structure, where

2018101439 20 Jul2018 [0031] the raw materials in the inner layer include 0.1 part of phoxim, 1 part of imidacloprid, 1.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 20 parts of wheat bran, 90 parts of humic acid, and 20 parts of adhesive;

[0032] the raw materials in the intermediate layer include 0.5 part of phoxim, 1 part of imidacloprid, 5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 90 parts of humic acid, and 20 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and [0033] the raw materials in the outer layer include 60 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.

[0034] The fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:

[0035] mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 of the fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and [0036] 1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl0⁹ Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl0⁸IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl0⁶ IU cellulase, 3-4* 10⁵ IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^10⁵ IU beer yeast and 3-4* 10⁶ IU Bacillus subtilis.

[0037] A preparation process includes the following steps:

[0038] (1) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;

[0039] (2) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, humic acid, adhesive and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and [0040] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.

2018101439 20 Jul2018

Example 2 [0041] A special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut includes a three-layer structure, where [0042] the raw materials in the inner layer include 0.3 part of phoxim, 0.5 part of imidacloprid, 3.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 40 parts of wheat bran, 40 parts of humic acid, and 50 parts of adhesive;

[0043] the raw materials in the intermediate layer include 0.2 part of phoxim, 2 parts of imidacloprid, 2.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 40 parts of humic acid, and 30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and [0044] the raw materials in the outer layer include 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.

[0045] The fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:

[0046] mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 of the fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and [0047] 1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl0⁹ Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl0⁸IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl0⁶ IU cellulase, 3-4χ 10⁵ IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, !-2><IO⁵ IU beer yeast and 3-4xl0⁶ IU Bacillus subtilis.

[0048] A preparation process includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;

[0050] (2) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, humic acid, adhesive and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer;

2018101439 20 Jul2018 and [0051] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.

Example 3 [0052] A special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut includes a three-layer structure, where [0053] the raw materials in the inner layer include 0.2 part of phoxim, 0.7 part of imidacloprid, 2.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 30 parts of wheat bran, 65 parts of humic acid, and 30 parts of adhesive;

[0054] the raw materials in the intermediate layer include 0.4 part of phoxim, 1.5 parts of imidacloprid, 4 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 70 parts of humic acid, and 25 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and [0055] the raw materials in the outer layer include 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 35 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.

[0056] The fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:

[0057] mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 of the fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and [0058] 1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl0⁹ Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl0⁸IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl0⁶ IU cellulase, 3-4* 10⁵ IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^10⁵ IU beer yeast and 3-4* 10⁶ IU Bacillus subtilis.

[0059] A preparation process includes the following steps:

[0060] (1) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the

2018101439 20 Jul2018 inner layer;

[0061] (2) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, humic acid, adhesive and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and [0062] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.

Comparison Example 1 [0063] The Comparison Example is the same as Example 3 except that the raw material fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer was replaced with urea formaldehyde powder.

Comparison Example 2 [0064] The Comparison Example is the same as Example 3 except that the raw material fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer was not used.

Comparison Example 3 [0065] The Comparison Example is the same as Example 3 except that the use level of the raw material fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer was changed to 70 parts.

Comparison Example 4 [0066] The Comparison Example is the same as Example 3 except that the raw material fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer was replaced with dried, pulverized and unfermented blended manure.

Comparison Example 5 [0067] The Comparison Example is the same as Example 3 except that the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole in the intermediate layer were put in raw materials in the inner layer; urea formaldehyde powder was put in the raw materials in the outer layer; and the adjusted raw materials in the inner layer were granulated, then mixed with fully mixed and adjusted raw materials in the outer layer, and granulated.

Example 4: Research on Controlled Release Properties [0068] Controlled release properties of the controlled release pesticide prepared in the Examples 1, 2 and 3 and in the Comparison Examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are evaluated using the soil culture

2018101439 20 Jul2018 method. [0069] The specific operation is as follows:

[0070] The controlled release pesticide packed in a nylon net was applied to soil, the pesticide weight was measured at regular intervals, and samples were collected for laboratory test, so that the contents of the remaining active ingredients were converted to obtain the release amount of the controlled release pesticide.

[0071] The soil temperature and humidity of peanut in various stages were controlled as follows: daily average ground temperature: 15-20 °C, moisture content: 60-70% in the early stage (seeding time to seedling stage); daily average ground temperature: 20-28 °C, moisture content 70-80% in the intermediate stage (flowering stage to pod-bearing stage); and the daily average ground temperature: 28-35 °C, moisture content: 60-70% in the later stage (fruit expansion stage to maturation stage).

[0072] The results show (Table 1, Fig. 1) that, in the Comparison Examples 1, 2, 4 and 5, the pesticide release was very slow, the release amount was less than 50% in the pod-bearing stage and less than 90% in the maturation stage, and there was much residue in soil, and especially serious residue in the Comparison Example 5. In the Comparison Example 3, the pesticide release was very fast, the release amount was up to 80% before the fruit expansion stage, thereby resulting in waste of pesticidal effects in the early growth stage and insufficient pesticidal effects in the later stage. In the Examples 1, 2 and 3, the pesticide is released appropriately, so as to better comply with the pest outbreak law in different growth stages of peanut, effectively control soil pests, improve the pesticide utilization rate, and reduce pollution and residue.

Table 1 Cumulative Release Rate of Pesticide in Different Stages of Each Processing

Processing	Cumulative release rate of pesticide on different days (%)
lOd	30d	40d	55d	70d	85d	lOOd	115d	130d
Before seedling stage	Seedling stage	Flowering stage	Pegging stage	Pod-bearing stage	Fruit expansion stage	Maturation stage
Example 1	0	0.2	2.6	12.4	45.7	67.2	82.3	88.7	95.2
Example 2	0	0.5	6.8	23.4	53.5	72.1	79.4	83.7	90.2
Example 3	0	0.4	4.5	17.5	49.8	70.3	80.4	85.3	92.5
Comparison Example 1	0	0	0.6	3.4	11.7	45.8	64.3	77.4	84.9
Comparison Example 2	0	0.1	1.5	8.3	21.4	44.2	59.6	73.4	82.3
Comparison Example 3	0.3	2.6	27.4	46.5	62.3	77.6	92.5	93.7	95.4
Comparison Example 4	0	0	1.2	5.6	16.8	40.2	68.7	76.4	85.9

2018101439 20 Jul2018

Comparison Example 5

0

0.6

2.7

11.6

22.5

38.6

55.3

69.4

Example 5: Research on Pest Control Effects [0073] The experiment was arranged in a peanut test field in Gaotang County of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, where there is moderate or even slightly severe grub outbreak throughout the year. The controlled release pesticide in the examples and the comparison examples was applied to an experimental material Huayu No. 22 along with seeding at a rate of 5kg/Mu, but was not applied to the blank control. The experiment was carried out by seeding on May 5 in an area of 20 m², and harvesting on September 20, and was repeated 3 times. In the pod enrichment stage and pod harvesting stage of peanut, the peanut pod damage was investigated, and the species and number of soil pests were investigated by shoveling soil.

[0074] Peanut pod damage is graded based on the following criteria: grade 0: the pod is complete without damage; grade 1: the pod skin is damaged; grade 2: the pod has small damaged holes, but has full kernels; grade 3: the pod has a large damaged hole, and half of the kernel is damaged; grade 4: more than half of the pod and kernel are damaged. Damaged fruits of grades 3 and 4 have no edible or commercial values, cannot be included in output, and are rejected fruits.

[0075] The control effect in the pod enrichment stage is calculated by the peanut pod damage rate as follows:

[0076] Damaged fruit rate=number of damaged peanut fruits/total number of investigated peanut fruits [0077] Control efifect=(damaged fruit rate in the control area-damaged fruit rate in the processed area)/damaged fruit rate in the control area* 100% [0078] The control effect in the pod harvesting stage is calculated by the rejected fruit rate [0079] Rejected fruit rate=(number of damaged fruits of grade 3+number of damaged fruits of grade 4)/total number of investigated fruits* 100% [0080] Control eflfect=(rejected fruit rate in the control area-rejected fruit rate in the processed area)/rejected fruit rate in the control area* 100%

Table 2 Investigation on Number of Pests in Each Processed Field

Processing	Pod enrichment stage	Pod harvesting stage
Number of grubs	Number of wireworms	Number of grubs	Number of wireworms
Example 1	8	2	9	1
Example 2	6	3	7	1

2018101439 20 Jul2018

Example 3	5	1	6	0
Comparison Example 1	16	5	15	4
Comparison Example 2	14	7	11	2
Comparison Example 3	4	2	25	7
Comparison Example 4	13	5	14	2
Comparison Example 5	21	9	13	4
Blank control	57	14	73	16

Table 3 Control Effect of Soil Pests by Each Processing Method

Processing	Pod enrichment stage	Pod harvesting stage
Average damaged fruit rate (%)	Average control effect (%)	Average rejected fruit rate (%)	Average control effect (%)
Example 1	3.78	87.34	4.84	86.87
Example 2	3.56	88.08	5.52	85.03
Example 3	2.18	92.70	4.25	88.47
Comparison Example 1	8.54	71.40	8.98	75.64
Comparison Example 2	9.23	69.09	8.55	76.81
Comparison Example 3	2.16	92.77	14.36	61.05
Comparison Example 4	9.45	68.35	9.82	73.37
Comparison Example 5	14.67	50.87	10.12	72.55
Blank control	29.86	/	36.87	/

[0081] As can be seen from Tables 2 and 3, in the Comparison Examples 1, 2 and 4, the numbers of pests, damaged fruits and rejected fruits are relatively stable, and the control effects are in moderate levels. In the Comparison Example 3, the control effect is good in the pod enrichment stage, but is poor in the pod maturation stage. In the Comparison Example 5, the control effect is poor in the pod enrichment stage, but is good in the pod maturation stage. In comparison, in the Examples 1, 2 and 3, the numbers of pests, damaged fruits and rejected fruits are lowest, but the control effects are best, i.e., up to 80%.

[0082] The above examples are preferred embodiments of the invention, but the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples. All alterations, modifications, combinations, substitutions and simplifications made without departing from the spiritual essence and principle of the invention shall be equivalent substitution modes, and shall be encompassed within the scope of protection of the invention.

2018101439 20 Jul2018

Claims

Claims WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

(1) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, wheat bran, humic acid and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;

1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl0⁹ Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl0⁸ IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl0⁶ IU cellulase, 3-4* 10⁵ IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^10⁵ IU beer yeast and 3-4* 10⁶ IU Bacillus subtilis.

1. A special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut comprises a three-layer structure, wherein raw materials in an inner layer comprise 0.1-0.3 part of phoxim, 0.5-1 part of imidacloprid, 1.5-3.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5-5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 20-40 parts of wheat bran, 40-90 parts of humic acid, and 5-50 parts of adhesive;

raw materials in an intermediate layer comprise 0.2-0.5 part of phoxim, 1-2 parts of imidacloprid, 2.5-5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 2.5-5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 40-90 parts of humic acid, and 20-30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and raw materials in an outer layer comprise 40-60 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 30-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure;

the fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:

mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 of the fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and
(2) mixing the raw materials phoxim, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, humic acid, adhesive and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder and fermented livestock and poultry manure in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.

2. The special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut according to claim 1, comprising a three-layer structure, wherein the raw materials in the inner layer comprise 0.2 part of phoxim, 0.7 part of imidacloprid, 2.5 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 30 parts of wheat bran, 65 parts of humic acid, and 30 parts of adhesive;

the raw materials in the intermediate layer comprise 0.4 part of phoxim, 1.5 parts of imidacloprid, 4

2018101439 20 Jul2018 parts of chlorpyrifos, 3.5 parts of chlorantraniliprole, 70 parts of humic acid, and 25 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; and the raw materials in the outer layer comprise 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 35 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure; or the raw materials in the outer layer comprise 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure.
3. A preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release pesticide for peanut according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
4. The preparation process according to claim 3, wherein the raw materials in the intermediate layer in step (2) coat the granules in the inner layer at a rate of 400-500mg/g.
5. The preparation process according to claim 3, wherein the raw materials in the outer layer in step (3) coat the granules in the intermediate layer at a rate of 350-450mg/g.