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AU2003200339B2 - Gas turbine plant - Google Patents

Gas turbine plant Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2003200339B2
AU2003200339B2 AU2003200339A AU2003200339A AU2003200339B2 AU 2003200339 B2 AU2003200339 B2 AU 2003200339B2 AU 2003200339 A AU2003200339 A AU 2003200339A AU 2003200339 A AU2003200339 A AU 2003200339A AU 2003200339 B2 AU2003200339 B2 AU 2003200339B2
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
gas turbine
high pressure
pressure air
fuel
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
AU2003200339A
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AU2003200339A1 (en
Inventor
Shokou Ito
Tadashi Kobayashi
Akinori Koga
Takanari Okamura
Takashi Sasaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU85230/98A external-priority patent/AU8523098A/en
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to AU2003200339A priority Critical patent/AU2003200339B2/en
Publication of AU2003200339A1 publication Critical patent/AU2003200339A1/en
Priority to AU2006235892A priority patent/AU2006235892B2/en
Priority to AU2006235896A priority patent/AU2006235896B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU2003200339B2 publication Critical patent/AU2003200339B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

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  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT Name of Applicant: Actual Inventors: Address for Service: Invention Title: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba KOBAYASHI, Tadashi OKAMURA, Takanari ITO, Shokou SASAKI, Takashi KOGA, Akinori DAVIES COLLISON CAVE, Patent Attorneys, 1 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000 Gas turbine plant The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us.
Q:\OPER\ARL\JAN\2608172 21.DOC 3/2/03
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IND
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c kO C The present invention relates to a gas turbine plant, and in particular, to a gas turbine plant which f previously heats a fuel supplied to a gas turbine combustor of the gas turbine plant and enhances a quantity of heat so as to improve a plant heat (thermal) efficiency.
In a gas turbine plant, it has been previously proposed that the plant heat efficiency is improves if an inlet combustion temperature of a gas turbine is made high.
The plant heat efficiency is calculated from a ratio of a gas turbine power to a fuel supplied to a gas turbine combustor.
Therefore, how to reduce a fuel to be supplied to the gas turbine combustor, or how to enhance an output of the gas turbine is an important matter in order to improve the plant heat efficiency.
In view of the gas turbine output power in the light of the improvement of the plant heat efficiency, there is a problem of an increase in a power per unit combustion gas flow (specific power). However, an improvement of flow characteristic of a gas turbine blade and a reduction in other mechanical loss have already reached the limit, and it is difficult to greatly improve the flow characteristic and reduce the mechanical loss.
On the other hand, in order to reduce fuel consumption so as to improve the plant heat efficiency, it is important to improve a quantity of heat of fuel itself.
Recently, there has been disclosed Japanese Patent No. 2540646 as means for improving the quantity of heat of fuel itself. As shown in Fig. 29, the Japanese Patent No.
2540646 relates to a so-called multi-shaft type combined cycle power generation plant which is constructed in such a manner that a shaft of a gas turbine plant 2 connected to an exhaust heat recovery boiler 1 is separated, and a steam turbine plant 3 is independently provided. A gas turbine combustor 4 is provided with a heat exchanger 5, and a heated water generated from an economizer 6 of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 1 is used as a heating source to be supplied to the heat exchanger 5, and thus, a heat exchange of a fuel F supplied to the gas turbine combustor 4 is made to increase a quantity of heat.
As described above, in the Japanese Patent No.
2540646, efforts have been made to reduce fuel consumption and to improve a plant heat efficiency because there is an anxiety that fossil fuel resources are exhausted in near future.
In the prior art shown in Fig. 29, a heated water on an outlet side of the economizer 6 having a relatively small influence on load fluctuation is used as a heating source of the heat exchanger 5 so as to heat the fuel F, and then, a gas turbine driving gas (main flow gas) having the same temperature is generated by a fuel flow rate relatively smaller that that of the conventional case, and thus, a plant heat efficiency is improved. However, the heated water on the outlet side of the economizer 6 has been used as a heating source of the fuel F, and for this reason, there have arisen several problems.
Primarily, the temperature of heated water generated from the economizer 6 is set on the basis of heat balance of the whole plant regardless of heating the fuel F. For this reason, the temperature of the heated water becomes high by heating the fuel, and then, a saturation pressure based on the high temperature of heated water excessively becomes high. Thus, a feed water pump 6a requires a high pressure rising force, and thus, this is a factor of increasing the cost.
During partial load operation, when a flow rate of the heat water supplied to the heat exchanger 5 becomes low, a quantity of feed water from the feed water pump 6a passing through the economizer 6 becomes low. In this case, however, an internal pressure of the feed water pump rises, and for this reason, the heat water discharged from the economizer 6 exceeds a saturation temperature. As a result, there is the possibility that steaming is generated.
Further, the heated water of the economizer 6 is used as a heating source of the fuel F. In this case, P\OPER\MASUu?-Dc 02608172 Ispa doc.16/W2l(X26 -4- O however, the aforesaid construction is applied to only the
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combined cycle power generation plant. For example, in the case of a simple cycle gas turbine, it is difficult to secure Sa heating source, and for this reason, there has been 5 required a gas turbine plant which can readily secure the (Ni O heating source.
As described above, the prior art shown in Fig. 29 can improve the plant heat efficiency, but provides the aforesaid several problems.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention seeks to substantially eliminate defects or drawbacks encountered in the prior art described above and to provide a gas turbine plant capable of relatively reducing a flow rate of fuel so as to improve a plant heat efficiency without giving any influence to other constituent equipments when using the gas turbine plant itself as a heating source for heating a fuel, or at least to provide a useful alternative.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas turbine plant which comprises: an air compressor; a gas turbine including a plurality of high temperature sections; a driven equipment, the air compressor, the gas turbine and the driven equipment being operatively P XOPERASJulID 06\26)8172 I l doc. 1611(V206
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O connected in series; a gas turbine combustor arranged between
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Cl the air compressor and the gas turbine; a fuel system for supplying a fuel to the gas turbine combustor; a high Spressure air supply system operatively connected to at least C- 5 one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine for O supplying a high pressure air from the air compressor thereto; a heat exchange section provided for the high pressure air supply system for heating the fuel supplied to the gas turbine combustor from the fuel system; the high pressure air is supplied to the high temperature section of the gas turbine as a cooling medium after heating the fuel; and at least one high pressure air recovery system for recovering the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air to the air compressor after cooling at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine; wherein, a pressure rising compressor is provided for rising a pressure of the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine as a cooling medium; and the gas turbine plant further comprises a cooling recovery system for recovering part of the high pressure air after cooling at least one of other high temperature sections of the gas turbine to an inlet side of the heat exchange P \OPERSASVIDI Q 06&)8172 Isp. doc- I~ /tl2(X6K -6- O section.
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C-I According to an embodiment of the present invention, the high pressure air supply system is divided into a Splurality of high pressure air supply sections in accordance with a magnitude of pressure loss of the high pressure air O passing through the high temperature section of the gas turbine, the plurality of the high pressure air supply sections each being provided with a flow distributing device.
The flow distributing device may be either one of a flow control valve or an orifice, for example. Further, the high pressure air supply system may be divided into a plurality of high pressure air recovery sections so as to correspond to the divided plurality of high pressure air supply sections.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange section includes a first heat exchange unit for heating the fuel from the fuel system and a second heat exchange unit for heating a heat utilizing device for-heating a medium to be heated of the heat utilizing device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure rising-compressor is directly connected to the gas turbine shaft.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure rising compressor is connected to the gas turbine shaft through a power transmission mechanism. The P QOPER\SAS\JA.1-D 06\-608172 I spa dm16/10(XE6 -7- O power transmission mechanism may be composed of either one of
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Cl a gear mechanism and a torque converter mechanism, for example.
M According to an embodiment of the present invention, C- 5 the high pressure air recovery system is provided with a high Opressure air recovery check valve for recovering an overall quantity or part of the high temperature air and a valve opening control means adapted to open a discharge valve provided on an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor so that a residual high pressure air of the high compressor conversely flows into at least one on the high temperature sections of the gas turbine and adapted to open the discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the heat exchange section.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure rising compressor includes a first pressure rising compressor section for rising a pressure of the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine as a cooling medium and a second pressure rising compressor section which is bypassed from an outlet side of the first pressure rising compressor section and rising a pressure of the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to at least P\OPERSASUuI-D O6 6 (I 172 Isp m do;-16/1(1X 6 -8- O one of other high temperature sections of the gas turbine as
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Ci a cooling medium.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure rising compressor includes a plurality of pressure rising compressor sections for rising a pressure of O the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to the high temperature section, respectively, as a cooling medium.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas turbine plant further comprises a re-circulation system bypassing from an intermediate portion between an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor and a check valve disposed to an inlet side of the high temperature section of the gas turbine, the re-circulation system being provided with a re-circulation valve and being connected to an inlet side of the heat exchange section. Further, the recirculation system may include a valve opening control means which calculates a pressure ratio of the pressure rising compressor in response to a pressure signal from each of an inlet side and an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor, a rotational speed signal of a gas turbine shaft, a power signal of the driven equipment, a temperature signal of the high pressure air recovered to the air compressor, then computes the valve opening signal so that the pressure P.OPEWSASVUI.DI 06X260872 Ipdoc.-IiVIAVI26 -9- O ratio becomes a specified value determined by at least one of
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Cl the rotational speed signal of the gas turbine shaft, the power signal of the driven equipment, the temperature signal Sof the high pressure air recovered to the air compressor, and C 5 supplies the operational signal to the re-circulation valve.
O According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel system is provided with a fuel valve, at least one high pressure air recovery check valve for recovering an overall quantity or part of the high pressure air and the pressure rising compressor is provided with a bypass system including a check valve and a valve opening control means which closes the fuel valve of the fuel system when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor while opening a discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the pressure air recovery system. Further, the valve opening control means may serve to close the fuel valve of the fuel system in response to the pressure signal from each of an inlet side and an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor and a rotational speed signal of a pressure rising compressor driving equipment while opening a discharge valve provided on the inlet of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the high pressure air recovery system.
P \OPERISASUI.Dcc I)6268172)I 7p21 spdocm-1612X6 O According to an embodiment of the present invention,
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C-i the fuel system is provided with a fuel valve, at least one high pressure air recovery check valve for recovering an Soverall quantity or part of the high pressure air, and the 5 gas turbine plant further comprises a valve opening control c, Smeans which closes the fuel of the fuel system when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor while opening a discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the high pressure air recovery system and adapted to open the flow control valve so that an accumulated air from an accumulator is supplied to at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine.
In an example of a gas turbine plant, the high pressure air of the air compressor is used as a heating source for heating a fuel supplied from the fuel section to the gas turbine combustor. Further, the gas turbine plant is provided with means for cooling the high temperature sections of the gas turbine by reusing the high pressure air which has been used for heating the fuel. Therefore, the quantity of heat (energy) of fuel increases while the plant heat efficiency being improved, and it is possible to sufficiently deal with the high output accompanying with the high P\OPER\SASJuI-D 06261( 17Z I $p dxc.INI(V2(6 -11- O temperature gas turbine drive gas supplied to the gas
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CI turbine.
Further, in the gas turbine plant according to an Sexample, in the case where the high pressure air from the air compressor is used as a heating source so as to heat the (Ni O fuel, there is provided a heat exchange section, and the heat exchange section is provided with safety means. Therefore, the gas turbine plant can be safely operated without giving any hindrance to other components.
Further, in the gas turbine plant according to an example, in the case where the high pressure air which has been used for heating the fuel is reused as a cooling medium for cooling the gas turbine high temperature section, there is provided a pressure rising compressor, and the pressure rising compressor includes means capable of taking sufficient measures if an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor. Therefore, it is possible to securely cool the high temperature section of the gas turbine, and to keep the material strength of the high temperature section at a preferable state.
The present invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: PQOPERSASUUJI-Dc 6UN)8I172 Ispa doc.16)12 -12c 0 O Fig. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing a
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Cl first example gas turbine plant; Fig. 2 is a system diagram schematically showing a Sfurther gas turbine plant, which is a modified form of the C- 5 first example gas turbine plant; O Fig. 3 is a schematic cross sectional view of a heat exchange section cut along an arrow III-III in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a system diagram schematically showing a second example gas turbine plant; Fig. 5 is a system diagram schematically showing a third example gas turbine plant; Fig. 6 is a system diagram schematically showing a fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 7 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a first modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 8 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a second modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 9 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a third modified form of a fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 10 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a fourth modified form of P \OPERSASUuI.-Dcc 626U 172 Irpa dc-I/ I(V2(X6 -13- O the fourth example gas turbine plant; C< Fig. 11 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a fifth modified form of C(f the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 12 is a system diagram schematically showing a Sfurther gas turbine plant, which is a sixth modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 13 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a seventh modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 14 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is an eighth modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 15 is a system diagram schematically showing a fifth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 16 is a system diagram schematically showing a sixth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 17 is a system diagram schematically showing a seventh example gas turbine plant; Fig. 18 is a system diagram schematically showing an eighth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 19 is a system diagram schematically showing a further heat exchange system, which is a first modified form of the heat exchange section of a gas turbine plant; P:\OPERMSASU.I-DMO MO6\ 9172 I sp dec.16V1102(X)6 -14- O Fig. 20 is a system diagram schematically showing a
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Ci further heat exchange system, which is a second modified form of the heat exchange section; M Fig. 21 is a system diagram schematically showing a ninth example gas turbine plant; O Fig. 22 is a system diagram schematically showing a tenth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 23 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a modified form of the tenth example gas turbine plant; Fig. 24 is a system diagram schematically showing an eleventh example gas turbine plant; Fig. 25 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a first modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine plant; Fig. 26 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a second modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine plant; Fig. 27 is a system diagram schematically showing a further gas turbine plant, which is a third modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine plant; Fig. 28 is a graph showing a comparative result in a plant heat efficiency between the gas turbine plant according to an embodiment of the present invention and the prior art; P \OPER\SASUuI-D c(1662618172 Ispldoc.17/1 2006
ID
Q and
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C Fig. 29 is a system diagram schematically showing a conventional gas turbine plant which combines a steam turbine c plant and an exhaust heat recovery boiler.
0 O Examples of a gas turbine plant will be described
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hereunder with reference to the accompanying drawings and reference numerals shown in these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing a first example of a gas turbine plant.
A gas turbine plant 7 includes an air compressor 8, a gas turbine combustor 9, a gas turbine 10, a driven equipment 11 such as a generator, and a fuel section 12.
In the gas turbine plant 7, an air AR sucked in the air compressor 8 is made high in pressure, and the high pressure air (highly pressurized air) is supplied to the THE NEXT PAGE IS PAGE 34 gas turbine combustor 9 together with a fuel F from the fuel section 12. A gas turbine driving combustion gas (main flow gas) generated by the gas turbine combustor 9 is supplied to the gas turbine 10, and then, the gas turbine combustion gas is expanded so as to rotate and drive the driven equipment 11 with a rotating torque generated in the expanding process.
On the other hand, the fuel section 12 includes a fuel tank 13, a fuel pump 14, and a fuel valve 15, and in this structure, the fuel section 12 may be called a fuel supply section or system. A heat exchange section (heat exchanger or heat exchanging unit) 16 is provided for the air compressor 8. The fuel F from the fuel tank 13 is pressurized by the fuel pump 14, and then, a flow rate of the fuel F is controlled by the fuel valve 15. Thereafter, a high pressure air (highly pressurized air) of the air compressor 8 makes heat exchange in the heat exchange section 16 so as to be used as a heating source, and at this time, the fuel F is increased in its quantity of heat (energy) and is supplied to the gas turbine combustor 9.
Incidentally, a recent air compressor has a pressure ratio of 15 or more, and a high pressure air temperature of 400C or more corresponding to the pressure ratio. Therefore, the air compressor can be sufficiently used as a heating source with respect to a temperature for heating fuel, that is, about 350 0
C
34
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c kO c) c c, As described above, when heating the fuel F, the high pressure air of the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source. Thus, the heating source can be readily obtained, and a flow rate of fuel can be relatively reduced without giving any influence to other constituent equipments as compared with the conventional case, and therefore, a plant heat efficiency can be improved.
Fig. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a modified form of the heat exchange section 16. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part, and the overlapping explanation is omitted.
The heat exchange section 16 is provided at a casing 17 of the air compressor 8. The heat exchange section 16 is constructed in the following manner. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, an outer cover 18 is formed concentrically with the casing 17 of the air compressor 8 so as to form a fuel passage 19, and one side of the fuel passage 19 is provided with a fuel inlet 22 and a fuel outlet 23. Further, the other side of the fuel passage 19 is provided with a connecting pipe 21, and a high pressure air passing through air compressor stationary blades 24 is used as a heating source so as to heat the fuel F passing through the fuel passage 19.
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Incidentally, a reference numeral 20 denotes a flange, and a reference numeral 25 denotes a rotary shaft (rotor).
O Even though the heat exchange N1 section 16 is provided on the casing 17 of the air compressor 8, the temperature of high pressure air is high C as described above, so that the fuel F can be sufficiently Sand preferably heated.
Fig. 4 is a system diagram schematically showing a second example of a gas turbine plant. Incidentally, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding parts.
In this example, an air extraction closed (circuit) system 26 is provided at an outlet or a high pressure stage of the air compressor. The air extraction closed system 26 includes the heat exchanger section 16, and a high pressure air which has been used for heating the fuel F is recovered to an inlet or a low pressure stage of the air compressor 8.
As described above, the fuel F is heated with the utilization of the air extraction of the air compressor 8, and the extracted air is recovered to the air compressor 8. Therefore, a heating source is effectively used, so that a plant heat (thermal) efficiency can be improved.
Fig. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a third 36
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example of a gas turbine plant. Incidentally, like reference o numerals are used to designate the same components as the 0 ND first example or the corresponding parts.
In this example, the heat exchange section 16 M is provided at an exhaust gas system 27 on an outlet side C of the gas turbine In general, in an open cycle gas turbine, a gas turbine driving gas (main flow gas) expanded in the gas turbine 10 is discharged into atmosphere. The temperature of the exhaust gas (exhaust heat) is about 600'C and is extremely high.
In this example, the high temperature exhaust gas has been taken into consideration. The exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 is used as a heating source, and then, the fuel F from the fuel section 12 is heated in the heat exchange section 16.
As described above, a heat of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 10 is effectively used, and a quantity of heat of the fuel F is made high, and thus, the fuel flow rate is relatively reduced as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, a plant heat efficiency can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional case.
Fig. 6 is a system diagram schematically showing a fourth example of a gas turbine plant. Incidentally, like 3 7 reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding parts.
In this example, the following matter has been taken into consideration. More specifically, when reusing a high pressure air which has been used for heating the fuel F for cooling high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10, the high pressure air preferably flows depending upon magnitudes of presser losses in these high temper'ature sections 31a and 31b. There is provided a high pressure air supply system 29 which is bypassed to a air feed system 28 for supplying a high pressure air from the outlet side of the air compressor 8 to the gas turbine combustor 9. The high pressure air supply system 29 is provided at its intermediate portions with the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12 and flow distributing devices 30a and 30b, and the high pressure air supply system 29 is divided into a first high pressure air supply system 29a and a second high pressure air supply system 29b. Each of the first and second supply systems 29a and 29b are connected to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10, for example, to gas turbine stationary blades and gas turbine rotating blades, etc.
Further, there is provided a high pressure air recovery system 32 which recovers the overall quantity or a part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the 38
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high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine to Sthe air compressor 8. In this case, although the high 0 Spressure air supply system 29 is bypassed from the air feed system 26, it may be provided at an intermediate stage of O the air compressor 8. Moreover, two high temperature section 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 are shown as an C example. Two or more high temperature sections may be provided. The flow distributing devices 30a and 30b are constituted specifically as flow control -valves or orifices. In the case of using the orifices, a hole diameters of the orifices are set so as to meet with flow rates required for the high temperature sections 31a and 31b.
In this example, the fuel F from the fuel section 12 is heated by the high pressure air from the air compressor 8, and after the fuel F is heated, the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 are cooled by the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low. Further, the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling is recovered to the air compressor 8, so that heat can be effectively used. Therefore, a plant heat efficiency is improved, and it is possible to maintain a material strength of the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine while the gas turbine plant 7 being made high temperature.
Fig. 7 is a system diagram schematically showing a 39
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S first modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
O In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate 0 IND the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the high pressure air which has NI been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 is joined together with a gas turbine driving gas G (main flow gas).
In this form, the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 is joined together with a gas turbine driving gas G so as to increase the driving gas G.
Thus, there is an expansion work of the gas turbine 10 is increased, being advantageous.
Fig. 8 is a system diagram schematically showing a second modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, there is provided the high pressure air recovery system 32 for recovering the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 from the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b to the air compressor 8. The high pressure air recovery system 32 is divided into a first high pressure air recovery system 32a and a second high pressure air recovery system 32b. The first high pressure air recovery system 32a and the second high pressure air recovery system 32b are connected to a relatively high pressure stage of the air compressor 8 and to a relatively low pressure stage of the air compressor 8, respectively.
As described above, when recovering the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 to the air compressor 8 via each of the recovery systems 32a and 32b, the high pressure air is recovered so as to meet with a pressure level of a driving air of the air compressor 8. Thus, even if a pressure difference differs between the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10, the high pressure air of a proper quantity can be allowed to flow.
Fig. 9 is a system diagram schematically showing a third modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
4 1 In this form, a pressure rising compressor 33 is provided in the high pressure air supply system 29 which is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b. In the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, the high pressure air from the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source to heat the fuel F, and then, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is made high in pressure and is supplied as a cooling medium for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine As described above, the high pressure air whose temperature and pressure become low, which has been used for cooling the fuel F is elevated in its pressure by the pressure rising compressor 33, so that the high pressure air can be securely supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine Therefore, the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 can be securely cooled.
Fig. 10 is a system diagram schematically showing a fourth modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the pressure rising compressor 42
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33 is provided in the high pressure air supply system 29 which is divided into the first high pressure air supply O system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system
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29b, and further, there is provided the high pressure air recovery system 32 for recovering the overall quantity or M part of high pressure air which has been used for cooling S the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas 3 turbine 10 to the air compressor 8. The high pressure air recovery system 32 is divided into a first high pressure air recovery system 32a and a second high pressure air recovery system 32b.
As described above, the high pressure air supply system 29 is provided with the pressure rising compressor 33, and the fuel F is heated by the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and further, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is heightened in its pressure, and thus, is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine as a cooling medium for cooling them. Then, the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air whose pressure becomes low which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10, is recovered to the air compressor 8 via the high pressure air recovery system 32 divided into the first high pressure air recovery system 32a and the second high pressure air recovery system 32b. Therefore, a heat of the high 4 3
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O pressure air of the air compressor 8 is effectively used, so that a plant heat efficiency can be improved as compared with the conventional case.
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Fig. 11 is a system diagram schematically showing a Cs fifth modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate C the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the high pressure air supply system 29 is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b, and these supply systems 29a and 29b are individually provided with a first pressure rising compressor 33a and a second pressure rising compressor 33b. Further, the second high pressure air supply system 29b is bypassed from an outlet side of the first pressure rising compressor 33a.
As described above, these supply systems 29a and 29b are individually provided with the first pressure rising compressor 33a and the second pressure rising compressor 33b, and further, the second high pressure air supply system 29b is bypassed from the outlet side of the first pressure rising compressor 33a.
Thus, the fuel F is heated by the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and it is possible to securely 44 0 supply the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low -c to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b. Therefore, C each of the high temperature sections 31a and 31b can be securely cooled.
Fig. 12 is a system diagram schematically showing a sixth modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant.
C=I In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate C the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the high pressure air supply system 29 is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b which are arranged in parallel. In these supply systems 29a and 29b, the first high pressure air supply system 29a is provided with the first pressure rising compressor 33a, and the second high pressure air supply system 29b is provided with the second pressure rising compressor 33b.
In this form, these supply systems 29a and 29b are provided with the pressure rising compressors 33a and 33b, respectively. Thus, like the fifth modified form of the fourth example, the fuel F is heated by the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and it is possible to securely supply the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low to the high temperature 4 sections 31a *and 31b. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently meet with the gas turbine 10 of the gas turbine plant 7 heated to a high temperature.
Fig. 13 is a system diagram schematically showing a seventh modified form of the fourth example gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the following matter is taken into consideration. Specifically, a pressure loss in the high pressure air passing through the high temperature section 31b situated on a low pressure stage of the gas turbine 10, is relatively small. The high pressure air supply system 29 is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b which are arranged in parallel, and only the first high pressure air supply system 29a is provided with the pressure rising compressor 33. Further, there is provided the high pressure air recovery system 32 for recovering the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 to the air compressor 8. Then, the high pressure air recovery system 32 is divided into the first high pressure air recovery system 32a and the second high pressure air 46
ID
recovery system 32b. The first high pressure air recovery ^c system 32a and the second high pressure air recovery system O 32b are connected to a high pressure stage side of the air compressor 8 and to a low pressure stage side of the air compressor 8, respectively.
M Therefore, the fuel F is heated by the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section, Sand the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low can be securely supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10. Further, when recovering the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10, the high pressure air can be preferably recovered without giving a fluctuation to a driving air of the air compressor 8.
Fig. 14 is a system diagram schematically showing an eighth modified from of the fourth example gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the fourth example as shown in Fig. 6 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the high pressure air supply system 29 is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b, and the pressure rising compressor 33 is provided so as to correspond to the inlets of the divided 4 7
\O
first high pressure air supply system 29a and second high pressure air supply system 29b. There are further provided the high pressure air recovery system 32 for recovering the
\O
overall quantity or part of the high pressure air from the first high pressure air supply system 29a which has been M used for cooling the high temperature section 31a on a C- relatively high pressure stage side of the gas turbine to the outlet side of the air compressor 8, and a cooling c-i recovery system 34 for recovering the overall quantity or part of the high pressure air from the second high pressure air supply system 29b which has been used for cooling the high temperature section 31b on a relatively low pressure stage side of the gas turbine 10, to the inlet side of the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12.
As described above, the high pressure air supply system 29 is provided with the pressure rising compressor 33, and the outlet side of the pressure rising compressor 33 is divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b. Further, the fuel F is heated by the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and then, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is elevated in its pressure by the pressure rising compressor 33, and thus, is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the respective high pressure air supply systems 29a and 29b. Furthermore, the 48
\O
overall quantity or part of the high pressure air which has been used for cooling the high temperature sections 31a and O 31b of the gas turbine 10 is recovered to the air
\O
Scompressor 8 via the high pressure air recovery system 32, and then, the overall quantity or part of the high pressure CM air after cooling them is recovered to the inlet side of Sthe heat exchange section 16 via the cooling recovery system 34. Therefore, a heat is effectively used, so that a plant heat efficiency can be greatly improved more than conventional case.
Fig. 15 is a system diagram schematically showing a fifth example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this example, there is provided the high pressure air supply system 29 which is constructed in such a manner that an air supply system 28 for supplying the high pressure air from the air compressor 8 to the gas turbine combustor 9, is bypassed thereto. The high pressure air supply system 29 is provided with the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and a heat utilizing device 36, for example, a heat exchange section 37 for co-generation heat recovery device. The high pressure air supply system 29 is further provided with flow distributing devices 30a and 30b so as to be divided into 49
\O
the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b. The divided
O
first and second high pressure air supply systems 29a and
\O
29b are connected to the high temperature sections 31a and S31b of the gas turbine 10, respectively.
According to the construction of this example CI mentioned above, a part of the high pressure air supplied from the air supply system 28 of the air compressor 8 to the gas turbine combustor 9 is distributed to the high pressure air supply system 29, and then, the fuel F supplied from the fuel section 12 to the gas turbine combustor 9 is heated by the heat exchange section 16.
Next, a medium to be heated from the heat utilizing device 36, for example, a cooling water, is heated by the heat exchange section 37 for heat utilizing device, and further, cools the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the flow distributing devices 30a and of the first and second high pressure air supply systems 29a and 29b, and thereafter, is recovered from the high temperature sections 31a and 31b to the air compressor 8 via the high pressure air recovery system 32.
As described above, a part of the high pressure air supplied from the air supply system 28 of the air compressor 8 to the gas turbine combustor 9 is bypassed, and then, the bypassed high pressure air is used as a heating source so that the fuel F from the fuel Ssection 12 is heated in the heat exchange section 16.
Next, the medium to be heated from the heat utilizing device 36 is heated in the heat exchange section 37, and \O finally, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is used as a cooling source so that the high Mc temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 can C- be cooled. Therefore, the heat of the high pressure air can be effectively used for multi-purpose.
Fig. 16 is a system diagram schematically showing a sixth example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this example, an air extraction closed system 35 is provided on a high pressure stage side of the air compressor 8. The air extraction closed system 35 is provided with the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, and the heat utilizing device 36, for example, the heat exchange section 37 for co-generation heat utilizing device. Then, the high pressure air from the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source so that the fuel F from the fuel section is heated in the heat exchange section 16. Further, a medium to be heated from the heat utilizing device 36, for example, a cooling water CW, is heated in the heat exchange section 37 for the heat utilizing device, and then, the high pressure air is 1
\O
Srecovered to the air compressor 8.
As described above, the air compressor 8 is
O
provided with the air extraction closed \O Ssystem 35, and the air extraction closed system 35 is Os provided with the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, the heat utilizing device 36 and the heat Cl exchange section 37 for the heat utilizing device. Further, the high pressure air extracted from the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source so that the fuel F from the fuel section 12 is heated in the heat exchange section 16, and then, a medium to be heated from the heat utilizing device 36 is heated in the heat exchange section 37 for heat utilizing device. Therefore, the heat of high pressure air can be effectively used for multi-purpose.
Fig. 17 is a system diagram schematically showing a seventh example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this example, the gas turbine plant 7 is combined with a steam turbine plant 38, and an exhaust gas system 39 of the gas turbine 10 is provided with a first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44 and a second exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43 of the steam turbine plant 38, and the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12.
2
\O
The steam turbine plant 38 is a so-called O single-shaft type which is constructed in such a manner 0 that the gas turbine 10 is connected in shaft directly to a
O
steam turbine 40 via a driven equipment 11, for example, a O\ generator. Further, the steam turbine plant 38 is formed as a closed circuit system including a condenser 41, a pump (1 42, the second exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43 and the first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44. A feed water supplied from the pump 42 is heated (preheated) by the second exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43 with the use of an exhaust gas (exhaust heat) discharged from the exhaust gas system 39 of the gas turbine 10 to atmospheric air as a heating source. Further, the heated water is heated by the first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44 using the exhaust gas of the heat exchanger 43 as a heating source, and thereby, the heated water is made into a steam, and the steam is supplied to the steam turbine 40, and thus, a power is generated. The heat exchanger section 16 has been disposed between the first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44 and the second exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43, as an example. The heat exchanger section 16 may be disposed on an upstream side of the first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44 or may be disposed on a downstream side of the second exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43.
As described above, the exhaust gas system 3
\O
39 of the gas turbine 10 is provided with the O first exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 44 and the Ssecond exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 43 of the steam turbine plant 38 and the heat exchange section 16 of the Oh fuel section 12 so as to generate a steam and heat the fuel SF, and the heat of exhaust gas is sufficiently used.
STherefore, a plant heat efficiency can be greatly improved Sby a small quantity of fuel as compared with the conventional case.
Fig. 18 is a system diagram schematically showing a eighth example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this eighth example, the following matter is taken into consideration. More specifically, when the high pressure air extracted from the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source and the fuel F is heated in the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12, in the case where the fuel F leaks into the high pressure air, this is a factor of causing an accident. For this reason, the heat exchange section 16 is provided with a fuel leak detector a valve opening control section 46, an alarm device 47 and a fuel leak display device (indicator) 48.
The valve opening control section 46 is constructed so as to close a fuel valve 15 if a fuel leak signal 54 detected by the fuel leak detector 45 exceeds a predetermined value. The alarm device 47 also gives .the alarm if a fuel leak signal detected by the fuel leak detector 45 exceeds a predetermined value. The fuel leak display 48 displays a leaked fuel concentration detected by the fuel leak detector 45 so that a worker can visibly confirm the fuel leakage.
As described above, if the leakage of fuel F exceeds a predetermined value, the alarm is given, and further, the fuel valve 15 is automatically closed. Therefore, the gas turbine combustor 9 can be safely operated without operating the gas turbine combustor 9 in a state that the fuel leaks.
Fig. 19 is a view schematically showing a first modified form of the heat exchange section 16.
In general, in the heat exchange section 16, a fuel flows through a heat-transfer pipe, and a heating medium flows outside the heat-transfer pipe. In the heat exchange section 16 of this form, a fuel leakage from the heat-transfer pipe is taken into consideration.
More specifically, the heat exchange section 16 is divided into a first heat exchange section 49 and a second heat exchange section 50. Further, a high temperature heating medium HG flows through the first heat exchange section 49 while an intermediate heating medium IG, for example, an
\O
inert gas such as nitrogen gas or the like being supplied to the second heat exchange section 50 so that the fuel F
O
is heated. Then, the intermediate heating medium IG heated
\O
the fuel F is circulated into the first heat exchange Os section 49 via a pump 51.
M As described above, the heat exchange section 16 C is divided into the first heat exchange section 49 and the second heat exchange section 50, and the fuel F is heated by the intermediate heating medium IG.
Thus, even in the event that a fuel leakage occurs in the second heat exchange section 50, it is possible to prevent an accident such as explosion or the like, and there is no danger as compared with the conventional indirect heat exchanger, thus being advantageous.
Fig. 20 is a view schematically showing a second modified form of the heat exchange section 16. The heat exchange section 16 is divided into a high temperature chamber 52 and a low temperature chamber 53 and is attached with a heat pipe 54 in a manner of crossing these chambers 52 and 53. The high temperature heating medium HG supplied to the high temperature chamber 52 heats the heat pipe 54, and then, the heat is transferred to the fuel F of the low temperature chamber 53 so as to heat the fuel F. Thus, even in the event that a fuel leakage occurs, there is no possibility of explosion, 56
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IND
so that a safe operation of the heat exchange section 16 O can be securely performed.
ND Fig. 21 is a system diagram schematically showing a ninth example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like Sreference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this ninth example, the high pressure air discharged from the air compressor 8 via a discharged air system is used as a heating source for heating the fuel F of the fuel section 12. A check valve 56 and the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12 are bypassed from the midway of the discharged air system 55, and thus, there is provided a discharged air recovery system 57 connected to a low pressure state of the air compressor 8 or to an outlet thereof.
The discharged air system 55 includes a discharged air valve 58. The discharged air valve 58 includes a valve opening control section 59. The valve opening is computed (operated) by the valve opening control section 59 on the basis of at least one or more signals of a rotational speed signal from a rotational speed detector 61 which detects a rotational speed of a gas turbine shaft 60 and an operating signal from a power detector 62 which detects a power of the driven equipment 11. In this manner, a control for opening and closing the valve is made on the basis of the 57
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IND
Soperational signal.
SAs described above, a flow rate of the high pressure air discharged from the air compressor 8 to the atmospheric air via the discharged air Ssystem 55 is controlled by the discharged air valve 58, and T then, the high pressure air thus controlled in the flow rate is used as a heating source so that the fuel F of the fuel section 12 is heated in the heat exchange section 16 provided in the discharge air recovery system 57, and thus, is recovered to the air compressor 8. Therefore, the heat is effectively used, so that a plant heat efficiency can be improved as compared with the conventional case.
Fig. 22 is a system diagram schematically showing a tenth example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first example or the corresponding part.
In this tenth example, the following matter is taken into consideration. More specifically, in the case where an accident happens in a driving source of the pressure rising compressor 33 provided in the high pressure air supply system 29 divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b, and then, the pressure rising compressor 33 is not operated, the high pressure air from the air compressor 8 is not supplied to the high temperature 58 Ssections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 in order to cool these high temperature sections. Thus, the pressure rising
O
C0 compressor 33 is connected directly to the gas turbine shaft SAs described above, the pressure rising compressor 33 is connected directly to the Cl gas turbine shaft 60. Thus, the fuel F from the fuel section 12 is heated in the heat exchange section 16 using the high pressure air from the air compressor 8, and the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is securely supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the flow distributing devices and 30b as a cooling medium for cooling these high temperature sections. Therefore, the gas turbine 10 can be safely operated.
Fig. 23 is a system diagram schematically showing a modified form of the tenth example gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the tenth example as shown in Fig. 22 or the corresponding part.
In this form, the pressure rising compressor 33 is provided in the high pressure air supply system 29 divided into the first high pressure air supply system 29a and the second high pressure air supply system 29b, and the pressure rising compressor 33 is connected to the gas 59
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IND
turbine shaft 60 via a power transmission mechanism section O 63. Either one of gear or torque converter is selected as ND the power transmission mechanism section 63.
In this form, the pressure rising compressor S 33 supplies the high temperature air from the air O compressor 8 heating the fuel F in the heat exchange S section 16 of the fuel section 12 to the high temperature S sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine as a cooling medium for cooling these high temperature sections. The pressure rising compressor 33 is connected to the gas turbine shaft via the power transmission mechanism section 63 so as to be driven by a rotating torque of the gas turbine shaft Therefore, the pressure rising compressor 33 can be securely driven.
Fig. 24 is a system diagram schematically showing a eleventh example of a gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the first and fourth examples or the corresponding part.
In this eleventh example, the following matter is taken into consideration. More specifically, the high pressure air extracted from the intermediate stage of the air compressor 8 is supplied to the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12 via the high pressure air supply system 29 so as to heat the fuel F, and then, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 as a cooling medium for cooling these high temperature sections via the pressure rising compressor 33, the check valve 64, the flow distributing devices 30a and In such a case, if the high pressure air of a proper quantity is not supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 in accordance with various operating conditions, these high temperature sections 31a and 31b are burnt. Further, if the pressure ratio of the pressure rising compressor 33 is not kept at a proper value, surging is caused, and for this reason, the pressure rising compressor 33 becomes a danger state. Thus, in order to avoid the above disadvantage, a re-circulation system 65 is provided between the outlet side of the pressure rising compressor 33 and the inlet side of the check valve 64 so that a part of the high pressure air can be circulated.
In the re-circulation system 65, a bypass is made between the outlet side of the pressure rising compressor 33 and the inlet side of the check valve 64, and there is provided a re-circulation valve 66 so that the re-circulation system 65 is connected to the inlet side of the heat exchange section 16.
The re-circulation valve 66 includes a valve opening control section 67. The valve opening control section 67 calculates a pressure ratio of the pressure 6 1
\O
rising compressor 33 in response to a pressure signal from pressure instruments 68a and 68b provided on each of inlet and outlet sides of the pressure rising compressor 33, a
\O
temperature signal from a thermometer 69 provided on the 0\ high pressure air recovery system 32, a rotational speed Ssignal from the rotational speed detector 61 provided on CI the gas turbine shaft 60, and a power signal from the power Sdetector 62 provided on the driven equipment 11. Further, the valve opening control section 67 computes the valve opening signal so that the pressure ratio becomes a specified value determined by at least one of the rotational speed of the gas turbine shaft 60, the power signal of the driven equipment 11, and a high pressure air signal of the high pressure air recovery system 32, and then, supplies the operational signal to the re-circulation valve 66, and thus, performs a control for opening and closing the re-circulation valve.
As described above, in the transient state such as the rise-up of the rotational speed and the rise-up of load, a part of the high pressure air of the high pressure air supply system 29 is circulated via the re-circulation system 65, and thus, the pressure ratio of the pressure rising compressor 33 is kept at a proper value, so that the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 can be securely cooled.
6 2
\O
Fig. 25 is a system diagram schematically showing a first modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine 0 O plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the eleventh example as Sshown in Fig. 24 or the corresponding part.
C In this form, the following matter is taken into consideration. More specifically, the high pressure air extracted from the intermediate stage of the air compressor 8 is supplied to the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12 via the high pressure air supply system 29 so as to heat the fuel F, and then, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 as a cooling medium for cooling these high temperature sections via the pressure rising compressor 33, and the flow distributing devices 30a and 30b. In such a case, the pressure rising compressor 33 or a drive equipment 70 for pressure rising compressor is not operated due to any reasons. In order to avoid such disadvantage, the pressure rising compressor 33 is provided with a pressure rising compressor bypass system 72 including a check valve 71, and a discharge valve 73 is provided on an inlet side of a high pressure air recovery check valve 71a of the high pressure air recovery system 32. In this manner, the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 are 63 continuously cooled by a residual high pressure air of the air compressor 8 until the gas turbine plant 7 is stopped.
If an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or the drive equipment 70 for the pressure rising compressor and the operation becomes impossible, the valve opening control section 67 computes a valve opening signal on the basis of the pressure signal from the pressure instruments 68a and 68b and the rotational speed signal from a pressure rising compressor rotational speed (frequency) detector 74, and then, transmits the operational signal to the discharge valve 73 and the fuel valve 15 of the fuel section 12 so that the discharge valve 73 is opened while the fuel valve 15 being closed. When the discharge valve 73 is opened, the air compressor 8 supplies the residual high pressure air to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the high pressure air supply system 29, the check valve 71 and the pressure rising compressor bypass system 72 so as to cool these high temperature sections 31a and 31b.
Thereafter, the residual high pressure air is discharged from the discharge valve 73 to the atmospheric air via the high pressure air recovery system 32. In this case, when the discharge valve 73 is fully opened, the pressure of the high pressure air passing through the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 lowers.
However, the high pressure air recovery check valve 71a is 64
\O
provided on the downstream side of the discharge valve 73, and therefore, the residual high pressure air from the air
O
compressor 8 does not conversely flow into the discharge
\O
valve 73.
As described above, until an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or in C- the pressure rising compressor drive equipment 70 and the gas turbine plant 7 is stopped, the high pressure air remaining in the air compressor 8 is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the high pressure sir supply system 29, the check valve 71 and the pressure rising compressor bypass system 72 so that these high temperature sections 31a and 31b are continuously cooled. Thus, it is possible to keep a material strength of these high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 at a preferable state, so that the lifetime of the material can be made long.
Fig. 26 is a system diagram schematically showing a second modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the eleventh example as shown in Fig. 24 or the corresponding part.
I
In this form, the following matter is taken into consideration. More specifically, the high pressure air extracted from the intermediate stage of the air compressor 8 is supplied to the heat exchange section 16 of the fuel section 12 via the high pressure air supply system 29 so as to heat the fuel F, and then, the high pressure air whose temperature becomes low is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 as a cooling medium for cooling these high temperature sections via the pressure rising compressor 33, the check valve 64 and the flow distributing devices 30a and 30b. In such a case, the pressure rising compressor 33 or the drive equipment 70 for pressure rising compressor is not operated due to any reasons. In order to avoid such disadvantage, a flow control valve 75 and an accumulator 76 are provided on the outlet side of the check valve 64. The high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 are continuously cooled by an accumulated (stored) air of the accumulator 76 until the gas turbine plant 7 is stopped.
If an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or the drive equipment 70 for pressure rising compressor, and the operation is impossible, the valve opening control section 67 computes a valve opening signal on the basis of the pressure signal from the pressure instruments 68a and 68b and the rotational speed signal from a pressure rising compressor rotational speed detector 74, and then, transmits the operational signal to the discharge valve 73 provided on the inlet side of the high pressure air recovery check valve 71a of the high pressure 66
\O
IND
air recovery system 32, the fuel valve 15 of the fuel
(N
section 12 and the flow control valve 75 so that the fuel
O
valve 15 is closed while the discharge valve 73 and the
\O
flow control valve 75 being opened.
As described above, until an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or in C the pressure rising compressor drive equipment 70 and the gas turbine plant 7 is stopped, the accumulated air of the accumulator 76 is supplied to the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 as a back-up. Thus, it becomes possible to keep the material strength for a long term without giving a damage to the material of these high temperature sections 31a and 31b.
Fig. 27 is a system diagram schematically showing a third modified form of the eleventh example gas turbine plant. In this case, like reference numerals are used to designate the same components as the eleventh example as shown in Fig. 24 or the corresponding part.
In this form, like the first and second modified forms of the eleventh example, the accident is taken into consideration. More specifically, discharge valves 77a and 77b are provided on the high pressure air supply system 29 on the inlet side of the heat exchange section 16 and the high pressure air supply system 29 on the outlet side of the pressure rising compressor 33, 67
\O
IND
respectively. If an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or the drive equipment 70 for pressure
O
rising compressor, according to the operational signal from \O the valve opening control section 67, the fuel valve 15 of Sthe fuel section 12 is closed while the discharge valves C 77a and 77b being opened, and then, the high pressure air (1 of the high pressure air supply system 29 is discharged to the atmospheric air via these discharge valves 77a and 77b. Further, the high pressure air remaining in the air compressor 8 conversely flows into the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the high pressure air recovery system 32 so that the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 are cooled, and thereafter, is discharged to the atmospheric air via the discharge valve 77b.
As described above, in the case where an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor 33 or in the pressure rising compressor drive equipment 70, the discharge valves 77a and 77b are opened so that the high pressure air of the high pressure air supply system is discharged to the atmospheric air, and during this discharge, the high pressure air remaining in the air compressor 8 conversely flows into the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of the gas turbine 10 via the high pressure air supply system so as to cool these high temperature sections 31a and 31b. Thus, no thermal 68
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IND
stress or thermal fatigue is excessively applied to the material of the high temperature sections 31a and 31b of
O
Sthe gas turbine 10, so that the material strength can be
\O
kept at a preferable state.
Fig. 28 is a graph showing a comparison in a plant Mc heat (thermal) efficiency between a gas turbine plant C according to an embodiment of the present invention and the 0 prior art. In the gas turbine plant according to an embodiment of the present invention, the high pressure air of the air compressor 8 is used as a heating source, and the fuel F supplied from the fuel section 12 to the gas turbine combustor 9 is heated by the heat exchange section 16, and thus, the quantity of heat (energy) of the fuel F is enhanced. By doing so, it is possible to improve a plant heat efficiency by consumption of a small fuel F. In particular, in the case where the same temperature gas turbine drive gas is generated by a gas turbine plant according to an embodiment of the present invention and the prior art, the gas turbine plant according to an embodiment of the present invention and the prior art makes it possible to relatively reduce the consumption of the fuel F as compared with the prior art. Therefore, the plant heat efficiency can be improved about 0.5 to 1.0% as compared with the prior art.
It is to be noted that the present invention is not limited to the described examples and many other 69
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IND
changes, modifications and combinations thereof will be made without departing from the scopes of the appended O claims.
\O
Throughout this specification and the claims which S follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.
The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.

Claims (12)

  1. 2. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure air supply system is divided into a plurality of high pressure air supply sections in accordance with a magnitude of pressure loss of the high pressure air passing through the high temperature section of the gas turbine, said plurality of the high pressure air supply sections each being provided with a flow distributing device.
  2. 3. The gas turbine plant according to claim 2, wherein said flow distributing device is either one of a flow control valve or an orifice.
  3. 4. The gas turbine plant according to claim 2, wherein said high pressure air recovery system is divided into a plurality of high pressure air recovery sections so as to correspond to the divided plurality of high pressure air P \OPEXSAS uI-DC Isp)172. d.-I3IIWf2{f)6 IND -73- c, O supply sections. \O The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein Ssaid heat exchange section includes a first heat exchange 5 unit for heating the fuel from the fuel system and a second c, heat exchange unit for heating a heat utilizing device for- heating a medium to be heated of the heat utilizing device.
  4. 6. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein said pressure-rising-compressor is directly connected to the gas turbine shaft.
  5. 7. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein said pressure rising compressor is connected to the gas turbine shaft through a power transmission mechanism.
  6. 8. The gas turbine plant according to claim 7, wherein said power transmission mechanism is composed of either one of a gear mechanism and a torque converter mechanism.
  7. 9. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein said high pressure air recovery system is provided with a high pressure air recovery check valve for recovering an overall quantity or part of the high temperature air and a P:\OPER\SASUuI-Dc¢ 06U62(8172 Isp doo I3/1I(V2()6 -74- C-) o O valve opening control means adapted to open a discharge valve \O Cl provided on an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor so that a residual high pressure air of the high compressor 5 conversely flows into at least one on the high temperature O sections of the gas turbine and adapted to open the discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the heat exchange section. The gas turbine plant according to claim i, wherein said pressure rising compressor includes a first pressure rising compressor section for rising a pressure of the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine as a cooling medium and a second pressure rising compressor section which is bypassed from an outlet side of the first pressure rising compressor section and rising a pressure of the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for supplying the high pressure air to at least one of other high temperature sections of the gas turbine as a cooling medium.
  8. 11. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein said pressure rising compressor includes a plurality of pressure rising compressor sections for rising a pressure of PAOPERkSAS\J.oCI.Dc 0\)8172 I spa dm 3/1200 C the high pressure air after heating the fuel and for \O C supplying the high pressure air to the high temperature section, respectively, as a cooling medium.
  9. 12. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, further O comprising a re-circulation system bypassing from an intermediate portion between an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor and a check valve disposed to an inlet side of the high temperature section of the gas turbine, said re- circulation system being provided with a re-circulation valve and being connected to an inlet side of the heat exchange section.
  10. 13. The gas turbine plant according to claim 12, wherein said re-circulation system includes a valve opening control means which calculates a pressure ratio of the pressure rising compressor in response to a pressure signal from each of an inlet side and an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor, a rotational speed signal of a gas turbine shaft, a power signal of the driven equipment, a temperature signal of the high pressure air recovered to the air compressor, then computes the valve opening signal so that the pressure ratio becomes a specified value determined by at least one of the rotational speed signal of the gas turbine shaft, the P\OPER\SASJuI-Dcc O626O 172 Ispa do-13110/2(X)6 -76- O power signal of the driven equipment, the temperature signal \O C of the high pressure air recovered to the air compressor, and supplies the operational signal to the re-circulation valve.
  11. 14. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein O said fuel system is provided with a fuel valve, at least one high pressure air recovery check valve for recovering an overall quantity or part of the high pressure air and said pressure rising compressor is provided with a bypass system including a check valve and a valve opening control means which closes the fuel valve of the fuel system when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor while opening a discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the pressure air recovery system. The gas turbine plant according to claim 14, wherein said valve opening control means serves to close the fuel valve of the fuel system in response to the pressure signal from each of an inlet side and an outlet side of the pressure rising compressor and a rotational speed signal of a pressure rising compressor driving equipment while opening a discharge valve provided on the inlet of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the high pressure air recovery system. P %OPERSASUuI.DUOM6\26OI72 Ispj doc.13/1W2006 0 -77- C) O 16. The gas turbine plant according to claim 1, wherein \O C-i said fuel system is provided with a fuel valve, at least one high pressure air recovery check valve for recovering an M overall quantity or part of the high pressure air, and said gas turbine plant further comprises a valve opening control O means which closes the fuel of the fuel system when an accident happens in the pressure rising compressor while opening a discharge valve provided on an inlet side of the high pressure air recovery check valve of the high pressure air recovery system and adapted to open the flow control valve so that an accumulated air from an accumulator is supplied to at least one of the high temperature sections of the gas turbine.
  12. 17. A gas turbine plant substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 to 28 of the accompanying drawings.
AU2003200339A 1997-09-18 2003-02-03 Gas turbine plant Ceased AU2003200339B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003200339A AU2003200339B2 (en) 1997-09-18 2003-02-03 Gas turbine plant
AU2006235892A AU2006235892B2 (en) 1997-09-18 2006-11-06 Gas turbine plant
AU2006235896A AU2006235896B2 (en) 1997-09-18 2006-11-06 Gas turbine plant

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9-253801 1997-09-18
AU85230/98A AU8523098A (en) 1997-09-18 1998-09-18 Gas turbine plant
AU2003200339A AU2003200339B2 (en) 1997-09-18 2003-02-03 Gas turbine plant

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AU85230/98A Division AU8523098A (en) 1997-09-18 1998-09-18 Gas turbine plant

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AU2003200339B2 true AU2003200339B2 (en) 2006-11-23

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0519304A1 (en) * 1991-06-21 1992-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device to improve a gas turbine system
EP0584958A1 (en) * 1992-08-03 1994-03-02 General Electric Company Intercooled turbine blade cooling air feed system
EP0737804A2 (en) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-16 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas turbine fuel heating apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0519304A1 (en) * 1991-06-21 1992-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device to improve a gas turbine system
EP0584958A1 (en) * 1992-08-03 1994-03-02 General Electric Company Intercooled turbine blade cooling air feed system
EP0737804A2 (en) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-16 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas turbine fuel heating apparatus

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