Azimuthal emission patterns of <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math></span> and of <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math></span> mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold

FOPI Collaboration; V. Zinyuk; T. I. Kang; Y. Leifels; N. Herrmann; B. Hong; R. Averbeck; A. Andronic; V. Barret; Z. Basrak; N. Bastid; M. L. Benabderrahmane; M. Berger; P. Buehler; M. Cargnelli; R. Čaplar; I. Carevic; P. Crochet; I. Deppner; P. Dupieux; M. Dželalija; L. Fabbietti; Z. Fodor; P. Gasik; I. Gašparić; Y. Grishkin; O. N. Hartmann; K. D. Hildenbrand; J. Kecskemeti; Y. J. Kim; M. Kirejczyk; M. Kiš; P. Koczon; R. Kotte; A. Lebedev; A. Le Fèvre; J. L. Liu; X. Lopez; V. Manko; J. Marton; T. Matulewicz; R. Münzer; M. Petrovici; K. Piasecki; F. Rami; A. Reischl; W. Reisdorf; M. S. Ryu; P. Schmidt; A. Schüttauf; Z. Seres; B. Sikora; K. S. Sim; V. Simion; K. Siwek-Wilczyńska; V. Smolyankin; K. Suzuki; Z. Tyminski; P. Wagner; E. Widmann; K. Wiśniewski; Z. G. Xiao; I. Yushmanov; Y. Zhang; A. Zhilin; J. Zmeskal; E. Bratkovskaya; C. Hartnack

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.90.025210

Azimuthal emission patterns of $K^{+}$ and of $K^{-}$ mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold

V. Zinyuk^1,*, T. I. Kang^2,3,†, Y. Leifels², N. Herrmann¹, B. Hong³, R. Averbeck², A. Andronic², V. Barret⁴, Z. Basrak⁵ et al. (FOPI Collaboration)

E. Bratkovskaya^1,2 and C. Hartnack³

Z. Basrak⁵, N. Bastid⁴, M. L. Benabderrahmane¹, M. Berger^6,7, P. Buehler⁸, M. Cargnelli⁸, R. Čaplar⁵, I. Carevic⁹, P. Crochet⁴, I. Deppner¹, P. Dupieux⁴, M. Dželalija⁹, L. Fabbietti^6,7, Z. Fodor¹⁰, P. Gasik¹¹, I. Gašparić⁵, Y. Grishkin¹², O. N. Hartmann², K. D. Hildenbrand², J. Kecskemeti¹⁰, Y. J. Kim², M. Kirejczyk¹¹, M. Kiš^2,5, P. Koczon², R. Kotte¹³, A. Lebedev¹², A. Le Fèvre², J. L. Liu^1,14, X. Lopez⁴, V. Manko¹⁵, J. Marton⁸, T. Matulewicz¹¹, R. Münzer^6,7, M. Petrovici¹⁶, K. Piasecki¹¹, F. Rami¹⁷, A. Reischl¹, W. Reisdorf², M. S. Ryu³, P. Schmidt⁸, A. Schüttauf², Z. Seres¹⁰, B. Sikora¹¹, K. S. Sim³, V. Simion¹⁶, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska¹¹, V. Smolyankin¹², K. Suzuki⁸, Z. Tyminski¹¹, P. Wagner¹⁷, E. Widmann⁸, K. Wiśniewski^1,11, Z. G. Xiao¹⁸, I. Yushmanov¹⁵, Y. Zhang^1,19, A. Zhilin¹², and J. Zmeskal⁸ (FOPI Collaboration)

¹Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
²GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
³Korea University, Seoul, Korea
⁴Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, IN2P3/CNRS, and Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
⁵Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
⁶Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
⁷E12, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
⁸Stefan-Meyer-Institut für subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Austria
⁹University of Split, Split, Croatia
¹⁰Wigner RCP, RMKI, Budapest, Hungary
¹¹Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
¹²Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
¹³Institut für Strahlenphysik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
¹⁴Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
¹⁵Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
¹⁶Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁷Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
¹⁸Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
¹⁹Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China

¹Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
²Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universitt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
³SUBATECH, UMR 6457, Ecole des Mines de Nantes - IN2P3/CNRS - Université de Nantes, Nantes, France

^*v.zinyuk@gsi.de
^†t.i.kang@gsi.de

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Phys. Rev. C 90, 025210 – Published 25 August, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.90.025210

Abstract

Azimuthal emission patterns of $K^{\pm}$ mesons have been measured in Ni + Ni collisions with the FOPI spectrometer at a beam kinetic energy of 1.91 A GeV. The transverse momentum $p_{T}$ integrated directed and elliptic flow of $K^{+}$ and $K^{-}$ mesons as well as the centrality dependence of $p_{T}$ - differential directed flow of $K^{+}$ mesons are compared to the predictions of hadron string dynamics and isospin quantum molecular dynamics transport models. The data exhibits different propagation patterns of $K^{+}$ and $K^{-}$ mesons in the compressed and heated nuclear medium and favor the existence of a kaon-nucleon in-medium potential, repulsive for $K^{+}$ mesons and attractive for $K^{-}$ mesons.

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Physical Review C

Azimuthal emission patterns of $K^{+}$ and of $K^{-}$ mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold

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Azimuthal emission patterns of K+ and of K− mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold

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Azimuthal emission patterns of $K^{+}$ and of $K^{-}$ mesons in Ni + Ni collisions near the strangeness production threshold