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    Spin-orbit-coupled topological Fulde-Ferrell states of fermions in a harmonic trap

    Lei Jiang1, Eite Tiesinga1, Xia-Ji Liu2, Hui Hu2, and Han Pu3

    • 1Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
    • 2Centre for Atom Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
    • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA

    Phys. Rev. A 90, 053606 – Published 7 November, 2014

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.053606

    Abstract

    Motivated by recent experimental breakthroughs in generating spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases using Raman laser beams, we present a systematic study of spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases confined in a quasi-one-dimensional trap in the presence of an in-plane Zeeman field (which can be realized using a finite two-photon Raman detuning). We find that a topological Fulde-Ferrell state will emerge, featuring finite-momentum Cooper pairing and zero-energy Majorana excitations localized near the edge of the trap based on the self-consistent Bogoliubov–de Gennes (BdG) equations. We find analytically the wave functions of the Majorana modes. Finally, using the time-dependent BdG, we show how the finite-momentum pairing field manifests itself in the expansion dynamics of the atomic cloud.

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