The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald
Fifty years ago today the freighter Edmund Fitzgerald sank in Lake Superior, marking the largest and perhaps most mysterious shipwreck in the history of America’s Great Lakes. The vessel measured 729 feet (222 meters) long and weighed more than 13,600 tons. On the night of its demise it was in contact with a nearby ship, yet the Edmund Fitzgerald never sent a distress signal. Its final message, “We are holding our own,” was followed 10 minutes later by its disappearance from radar. To this day there is no definitive explanation of why it sank.
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Library of Congress, Serials and Government Publications Division, Washington, D.C. (call no. D522 .W28 1919)
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Happy 250th, USMC
The United States Marine Corps (USMC) was founded 250 years ago today. The birthday of the corps is arguably the biggest event on the Marine social calendar, marked by celebrations, formal balls, and cake-cutting ceremonies (pictured below)—but today’s semiquincentennial is particularly noteworthy and presages America’s 250th birthday.
The USMC was founded when the Continental Congress ordered that two battalions of Marines be raised for service as landing forces with the fleet. Since that day, Marines have participated in all U.S. wars, being in most instances the first, or among the first, to fight. Marines have made more than 300 landings on foreign shores and served in every major U.S. naval action.
TraditionThe corps’ motto is Semper Fidelis (Latin: “Always Faithful”), which is also the title of the corps march, composed by John Philip Sousa. The official colors of the corps are scarlet and gold, but forest green enjoys semiofficial recognition. The distinctive dress-blue uniform, with its standing collar, is well-known—and that collar is the source of the traditional nickname for Marines: “leathernecks.”
U.S. Marine Corps/National Archives, Washington, D.C. (74248048)
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