dbcli · rolandwalker · Aug 16, 2025 · Aug 16, 2025
diff --git a/mycli/clitoolbar.py b/mycli/clitoolbar.py
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ def get_toolbar_tokens() -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
             delimiter = special.get_current_delimiter()
             result.append((
                 "class:bottom-toolbar",
-                " ({} [{}] will end the line) ".format("Semi-colon" if delimiter == ";" else "Delimiter", delimiter),
+                f' ({"Semi-colon" if delimiter == ";" else "Delimiter"} [{delimiter}] will end the line) ',
             ))
 
         if mycli.multi_line:
             result.append(("class:bottom-toolbar.on", "[F3] Multiline: ON  "))
         else:
             result.append(("class:bottom-toolbar.off", "[F3] Multiline: OFF  "))
         if mycli.prompt_app.editing_mode == EditingMode.VI:
-            result.append(("class:bottom-toolbar.on", "Vi-mode ({})".format(_get_vi_mode())))
+            result.append(("class:bottom-toolbar.on", f"Vi-mode ({_get_vi_mode()})"))
 
         if mycli.toolbar_error_message:
             result.append(("class:bottom-toolbar", "  " + mycli.toolbar_error_message))

diff --git a/mycli/config.py b/mycli/config.py
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ def str_to_bool(s: str | bool) -> bool:
     elif s.lower() in false_values:
         return False
     else:
-        raise ValueError("not a recognized boolean value: {0}".format(s))
+        raise ValueError(f'not a recognized boolean value: {s}')
 
 
 def strip_matching_quotes(s: str) -> str:

diff --git a/mycli/magic.py b/mycli/magic.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def mycli_line_magic(line: str):
         conn._mycli = mycli
 
     # For convenience, print the connection alias
-    print("Connected: {}".format(conn.name))
+    print(f'Connected: {conn.name}')
 
     try:
         mycli.run_cli()

diff --git a/mycli/packages/prompt_utils.py b/mycli/packages/prompt_utils.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def convert(self, value: bool | str, param: click.Parameter | None, ctx: click.C
             return True
         if value in ("no", "n"):
             return False
-        self.fail("%s is not a valid boolean" % value, param, ctx)
+        self.fail(f'{value} is not a valid boolean', param, ctx)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "BOOL"

diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/dbcommands.py b/mycli/packages/special/dbcommands.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def list_tables(
     verbose: bool = False,
 ) -> list[tuple]:
     if arg:
-        query = "SHOW FIELDS FROM {0}".format(arg)
+        query = f'SHOW FIELDS FROM {arg}'
     else:
         query = "SHOW TABLES"
     logger.debug(query)
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def list_tables(
         return [(None, None, None, "")]
 
     if verbose and arg:
-        query = "SHOW CREATE TABLE {0}".format(arg)
+        query = f'SHOW CREATE TABLE {arg}'
         logger.debug(query)
         cur.execute(query)
         if one := cur.fetchone():
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ def status(cur: Cursor, **_) -> list[tuple]:
     implementation = platform.python_implementation()
     version = platform.python_version()
     client_info = []
-    client_info.append("mycli {0},".format(__version__))
-    client_info.append("running on {0} {1}".format(implementation, version))
+    client_info.append(f'mycli {__version__}')
+    client_info.append(f'running on {implementation} {version}')
     title.append(" ".join(client_info) + "\n")
 
     # Build the output that will be displayed as a table.
@@ -121,13 +121,13 @@ def status(cur: Cursor, **_) -> list[tuple]:
         pager = "stdout"
     output.append(("Current pager:", pager))
 
-    output.append(("Server version:", "{0} {1}".format(variables["version"], variables["version_comment"])))
+    output.append(("Server version:", f'{variables["version"]} {variables["version_comment"]}'))
     output.append(("Protocol version:", variables["protocol_version"]))
 
     if "unix" in cur.connection.host_info.lower():
         host_info = cur.connection.host_info
     else:
-        host_info = "{0} via TCP/IP".format(cur.connection.host)
+        host_info = f'{cur.connection.host} via TCP/IP'
 
     output.append(("Connection:", host_info))
 
@@ -154,17 +154,17 @@ def status(cur: Cursor, **_) -> list[tuple]:
     if "Threads_connected" in status:
         # Print the current server statistics.
         stats = []
-        stats.append("Connections: {0}".format(status["Threads_connected"]))
+        stats.append(f'Connections: {status["Threads_connected"]}')
         if "Queries" in status:
-            stats.append("Queries: {0}".format(status["Queries"]))
-        stats.append("Slow queries: {0}".format(status["Slow_queries"]))
-        stats.append("Opens: {0}".format(status["Opened_tables"]))
+            stats.append(f'Queries: {status["Queries"]}')
+        stats.append(f'Slow queries: {status["Slow_queries"]}')
+        stats.append(f'Opens: {status["Opened_tables"]}')
         if "Flush_commands" in status:
-            stats.append("Flush tables: {0}".format(status["Flush_commands"]))
-        stats.append("Open tables: {0}".format(status["Open_tables"]))
+            stats.append(f'Flush tables: {status["Flush_commands"]}')
+        stats.append(f'Open tables: {status["Open_tables"]}')
         if "Queries" in status:
             queries_per_second = int(status["Queries"]) / int(status["Uptime"])
-            stats.append("Queries per second avg: {:.3f}".format(queries_per_second))
+            stats.append(f'Queries per second avg: {queries_per_second:.3f}')
         stats_str = "  ".join(stats)
         footer.append("\n" + stats_str)
 

diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/delimitercommand.py b/mycli/packages/special/delimitercommand.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def set(self, arg: str, **_) -> list[tuple[None, None, None, str]]:
             return [(None, None, None, 'Invalid delimiter "delimiter"')]
 
         self._delimiter = delimiter
-        return [(None, None, None, "Changed delimiter to {}".format(delimiter))]
+        return [(None, None, None, f'Changed delimiter to {delimiter}')]
 
     @property
     def current(self) -> str:

diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/favoritequeries.py b/mycli/packages/special/favoritequeries.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class FavoriteQueries:
 
     # Delete a favorite query.
     > \\fd simple
-    simple: Deleted
+    simple: Deleted.
 """
 
     # Class-level variable, for convenience to use as a singleton.
@@ -60,6 +60,6 @@ def delete(self, name: str) -> str:
         try:
             del self.config[self.section_name][name]
         except KeyError:
-            return "%s: Not Found." % name
+            return f'{name}: Not Found.'
         self.config.write()
-        return "%s: Deleted" % name
+        return f'{name}: Deleted.'
diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/iocommands.py b/mycli/packages/special/iocommands.py
@@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ def is_pager_enabled() -> bool:
 def set_pager(arg: str, **_) -> list[tuple]:
     if arg:
         os.environ["PAGER"] = arg
-        msg = "PAGER set to %s." % arg
+        msg = f"PAGER set to {arg}."
         set_pager_enabled(True)
     else:
         if "PAGER" in os.environ:
-            msg = "PAGER set to %s." % os.environ["PAGER"]
+            msg = f"PAGER set to {os.environ['PAGER']}."
         else:
             # This uses click's default per echo_via_pager.
             msg = "Pager enabled."
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def open_external_editor(filename: str | None = None, sql: str | None = None) ->
 
     # Populate the editor buffer with the partial sql (if available) and a
     # placeholder comment.
-    query = click.edit("{sql}\n\n{marker}".format(sql=sql, marker=MARKER), extension=".sql") or ''
+    query = click.edit(f"{sql}\n\n{MARKER}", extension=".sql") or ''
 
     if query:
         query = query.split(MARKER, 1)[0].rstrip("\n")
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ def copy_query_to_clipboard(sql: str | None = None) -> str | None:
     message = None
 
     try:
-        pyperclip.copy("{sql}".format(sql=sql))
+        pyperclip.copy(f"{sql}")
     except RuntimeError as e:
         message = f"Error clipping query: {e}."
 
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ def execute_favorite_query(cur: Cursor, arg: str, **_) -> Generator[tuple, None,
 
     query = favoritequeries.get(name)
     if query is None:
-        message = "No favorite query: %s" % (name)
+        message = f"No favorite query: {name}"
         yield (None, None, None, message)
     else:
         query, arg_error = subst_favorite_query_args(query, args)
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ def execute_favorite_query(cur: Cursor, arg: str, **_) -> Generator[tuple, None,
         else:
             for sql in sqlparse.split(query):
                 sql = sql.rstrip(";")
-                title = "> %s" % (sql)
+                title = f"> {sql}"
                 cur.execute(sql)
                 if cur.description:
                     headers = [x[0] for x in cur.description]
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ def execute_system_command(arg: str, **_) -> list[tuple]:
 
         return [(None, None, None, response_str)]
     except OSError as e:
-        return [(None, None, None, "OSError: %s" % e.strerror)]
+        return [(None, None, None, f"OSError: {e.strerror}")]
 
 
 def parseargfile(arg: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ def set_tee(arg: str, **_) -> list[tuple]:
     try:
         tee_file = open(*parseargfile(arg))
     except (IOError, OSError) as e:
-        raise OSError("Cannot write to file '{}': {}".format(e.filename, e.strerror))
+        raise OSError(f"Cannot write to file '{e.filename}': {e.strerror}")
 
     return [(None, None, None, "")]
 
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ def set_once(arg: str, **_) -> list[tuple]:
     try:
         once_file = open(*parseargfile(arg))
     except (IOError, OSError) as e:
-        raise OSError("Cannot write to file '{}': {}".format(e.filename, e.strerror))
+        raise OSError(f"Cannot write to file '{e.filename}': {e.strerror}")
     written_to_once_file = False
 
     return [(None, None, None, "")]
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ def _run_post_redirect_hook(post_redirect_command: str, filename: str) -> None:
             stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
         )
     except Exception as e:
-        raise OSError("Redirect post hook failed: {}".format(e))
+        raise OSError(f"Redirect post hook failed: {e}")
 
 
 @special_command("\\pipe_once", "\\| command", "Send next result to a subprocess.", aliases=["\\|"])
@@ -547,15 +547,15 @@ def watch_query(arg: str, **kwargs) -> Generator[tuple, None, None]:
         if left_arg == "-c":
             clear_screen = True
             continue
-        statement = "{0!s} {1!s}".format(left_arg, arg)
+        statement = f"{left_arg} {arg}"
     destructive_prompt = confirm_destructive_query(statement)
     if destructive_prompt is False:
         click.secho("Wise choice!")
         return
     elif destructive_prompt is True:
         click.secho("Your call!")
     cur = kwargs["cur"]
-    sql_list = [(sql.rstrip(";"), "> {0!s}".format(sql)) for sql in sqlparse.split(statement)]
+    sql_list = [(sql.rstrip(";"), f"> {sql}") for sql in sqlparse.split(statement)]
     old_pager_enabled = is_pager_enabled()
     while True:
         if clear_screen:

diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/main.py b/mycli/packages/special/main.py
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def execute(cur: Cursor, sql: str) -> list[tuple]:
     except KeyError:
         special_cmd = COMMANDS[command.lower()]
         if special_cmd.case_sensitive:
-            raise CommandNotFound("Command not found: %s" % command)
+            raise CommandNotFound(f'Command not found: {command}')
 
     # "help <SQL KEYWORD> is a special case. We want built-in help, not
     # mycli help here.
@@ -160,14 +160,14 @@ def show_keyword_help(cur: Cursor, arg: str) -> list[tuple]:
     :return: list
     """
     keyword = arg.strip('"').strip("'")
-    query = "help '{0}'".format(keyword)
+    query = f"help '{keyword}'"
     logger.debug(query)
     cur.execute(query)
     if cur.description and cur.rowcount > 0:
         headers = [x[0] for x in cur.description]
         return [(None, cur, headers, "")]
     else:
-        return [(None, None, None, "No help found for {0}.".format(keyword))]
+        return [(None, None, None, f'No help found for {keyword}.')]
 
 
 @special_command("exit", "\\q", "Exit.", arg_type=ArgType.NO_QUERY, aliases=["\\q"])

diff --git a/mycli/packages/special/utils.py b/mycli/packages/special/utils.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def format_uptime(uptime_in_seconds: str) -> str:
         if value == 1 and unit.endswith("s"):
             # Remove the "s" if the unit is singular.
             unit = unit[:-1]
-        uptime_values.append("{0} {1}".format(value, unit))
+        uptime_values.append(f'{value} {unit}')
 
     uptime = " ".join(uptime_values)
     return uptime
diff --git a/mycli/packages/tabular_output/sql_format.py b/mycli/packages/tabular_output/sql_format.py
@@ -30,18 +30,18 @@ def adapter(data: list[str], headers: list[str], table_format: Union[str, None]
     if len(tables) > 0:
         table = tables[0]
         if table[0]:
-            table_name = "{}.{}".format(*table[:2])
+            table_name = f'{table[0]}.{table[1]}'
         else:
             table_name = table[1]
     else:
         table_name = "`DUAL`"
     if table_format == "sql-insert":
         h = "`, `".join(headers)
-        yield "INSERT INTO {} (`{}`) VALUES".format(table_name, h)
+        yield f'INSERT INTO {table_name} (`{h}`) VALUES'
         prefix = "  "
         for d in data:
             values = ", ".join(escape_for_sql_statement(v) for i, v in enumerate(d))
-            yield "{}({})".format(prefix, values)
+            yield f'{prefix}({values})'
             if prefix == "  ":
                 prefix = ", "
         yield ";"
@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@ def adapter(data: list[str], headers: list[str], table_format: Union[str, None]
         if len(s) > 2:
             keys = int(s[-1])
         for d in data:
-            yield "UPDATE {} SET".format(table_name)
+            yield f'UPDATE {table_name} SET'
             prefix = "  "
             for i, v in enumerate(d[keys:], keys):
-                yield "{}`{}` = {}".format(prefix, headers[i], escape_for_sql_statement(v))
+                yield f'{prefix}`{headers[i]}` = {escape_for_sql_statement(v)}'
                 if prefix == "  ":
                     prefix = ", "
             f = "`{}` = {}"
             where = (f.format(headers[i], escape_for_sql_statement(d[i])) for i in range(keys))
-            yield "WHERE {};".format(" AND ".join(where))
+            yield f'WHERE {" AND ".join(where)};'
 
 
 def register_new_formatter(tof: TabularOutputFormatter):

diff --git a/mycli/sqlcompleter.py b/mycli/sqlcompleter.py
@@ -921,7 +921,7 @@ def __init__(
 
     def escape_name(self, name: str) -> str:
         if name and ((not self.name_pattern.match(name)) or (name.upper() in self.reserved_words) or (name.upper() in self.functions)):
-            name = "`%s`" % name
+            name = f'`{name}`'
 
         return name
 
@@ -1079,7 +1079,7 @@ def find_matches(
 
         if fuzzy:
             regex = ".*?".join(map(re.escape, text))
-            pat = re.compile("(%s)" % regex)
+            pat = re.compile(f'({regex})')
             for item in collection:
                 r = pat.search(item.lower())
                 if r:

diff --git a/test/test_sqlexecute.py b/test/test_sqlexecute.py
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ def test_favorite_query(executor):
     assert_result_equal(results, title="> select * from test where a like 'a%'", headers=["a"], rows=[("abc",)], auto_status=False)
 
     results = run(executor, "\\fd test-a")
-    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-a: Deleted")
+    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-a: Deleted.")
 
 
 @dbtest
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def test_favorite_query_multiple_statement(executor):
     assert expected == results
 
     results = run(executor, "\\fd test-ad")
-    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-ad: Deleted")
+    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-ad: Deleted.")
 
 
 @dbtest
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ def test_favorite_query_expanded_output(executor):
     set_expanded_output(False)
 
     results = run(executor, "\\fd test-ae")
-    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-ae: Deleted")
+    assert_result_equal(results, status="test-ae: Deleted.")
 
 
 @dbtest