WO2018103053A1 - Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices - Google Patents
Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018103053A1 WO2018103053A1 PCT/CN2016/109085 CN2016109085W WO2018103053A1 WO 2018103053 A1 WO2018103053 A1 WO 2018103053A1 CN 2016109085 W CN2016109085 W CN 2016109085W WO 2018103053 A1 WO2018103053 A1 WO 2018103053A1
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switch
- gain controller
- gain
- output
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/378—Electrical supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present patent application generally relates to medical electronics and more specifically to a DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices.
- Implantable medical devices have been applied more and more widely in modern medicine. Because of its unique applications, an implantable medical device generally requires the power supply that supplies power to it to be small volume, low power and high power transfer efficiency. Not only so, the implantable medical device but also generally has multiple working modes, such as a sleep mode, a measurement mode, a data transmission mode, and so on. In each different working mode, the same implantable medical device typically has a different requirement on the power supply that supplies power to it.
- DC-DC converter is an important component of a power supply system of an implantable medical device.
- Conventional DC-DC converters usually cannot effectively satisfy different requirements of the implantable medical device in different working modes on the output voltage and the load values, which are in a relatively wide range.
- conventional DC-DC converters usually have relatively complicated circuits, relatively large chip areas, relatively high power consumption, and relatively low system working efficiency, and therefore are not suitable for supplying power to implantable medical devices.
- the DC-DC converter includes: a switch capacitor converter core including a plurality of power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an output voltage; a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter core and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the output voltage; a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver; a gain selection decoder connected with the switch signal router; a gain controller connected with the gain selection decoder, the gain selection decoder being configured to decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller; an input adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; an output adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller;
- the input adjusting device includes an adaptive ADC configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with the adaptive ADC and configured to control the adaptive ADC.
- the output adjusting device includes a plurality of comparators and a control logic circuit connected with the comparators.
- the gain controller is configured to control the conversion gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage and the input voltage.
- the gain controller is turned off, and switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage gradually approaches the reference voltage.
- DFS Discrete-frequency Scaling
- the switch capacitor converter core may include a plurality of power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor converter core may be 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or 2.
- the adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device may include a comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected with the comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio between the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the required conversion gain ratio.
- the gain controller may include a digital circuit; when the output voltage is below the threshold range below the reference voltage, the digital circuit may be configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio, adjust the output voltage by a large amount.
- the counter may be configured to count a predetermined number of clock periods every time after the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core is changed, so that there is sufficient time for the output voltage to respond to the change.
- the clock generator may include a comparator; a logic circuit connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator; and a clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to output two clock signals.
- the two clock signals may be transmitted to the switch signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control the switch capacitor converter core.
- the present patent application provides a DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices including: a switch capacitor converter core including a plurality of power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an output voltage; a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter core and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the output voltage; a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver; a gain selection decoder connected with the switch signal router; a gain controller connected with the gain selection decoder, the gain selection decoder being configured to decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller; an input adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; an output adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; a clock generator connected with
- the input adjusting device includes an adaptive ADC configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with the adaptive ADC and configured to control the adaptive ADC.
- the output adjusting device includes a plurality of comparators and a control logic circuit connected with the comparators.
- the gain controller is configured to control the conversion gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage and the input voltage.
- the gain controller includes a digital circuit. When the output voltage is out of a threshold range around the reference voltage, the digital circuit is configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio, adjust the output voltage by a large amount.
- the gain controller When the output voltage is in a threshold range around the reference voltage, the gain controller is turned off, and switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage gradually approaches the reference voltage.
- DFS Discrete-frequency Scaling
- the switch capacitor converter core may include a plurality of power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor converter core may be 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or 2.
- the adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device may include a comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected with the comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio between the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the required conversion gain ratio.
- the clock generator may include a comparator; a logic circuit connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator; and a clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to output two clock signals.
- the two clock signals may be transmitted to the switch signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control the switch capacitor converter core.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices in accordance with an embodiment of the present patent application.
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an input adjusting device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2B is a block diagram of an output adjusting device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a clock generator of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices disclosed in the present patent application is not limited to the precise embodiments described below and that various changes and modifications thereof may be effected by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the protection.
- elements and/or features of different illustrative embodiments may be combined with each other and/or substituted for each other within the scope of this disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices in accordance with an embodiment of the present patent application.
- the DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices includes a switch capacitor converter core 101 that includes a plurality of power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an output voltage; a switch driver 103 connected with the switch capacitor converter core 101 and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch capacitor converter core 101 so as to supply power to a load 104 receiving the output voltage; a switch signal router 105 connected with the switch driver 103 and configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver 103; a gain selection decoder 107 connected with the switch signal router 105; a gain controller 109 connected with the gain selection decoder 107, the gain selection decoder 107 being configured to decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller 109; an input adjusting device 111 connected with the gain controller 109 and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an input adjusting device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- the input adjusting device 111 includes an adaptive ADC 201 configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit 203 connected with the adaptive ADC 201 and configured to control the adaptive ADC 201.
- the adaptive ADC 201 in the input adjusting device 111 includes a comparator 204 and a plurality of latches 205.
- the latches 205 are connected with the comparator 204 and configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits according to a result from the comparator 204.
- the predetermined number of digits is 3.
- the 3 digit data describes ratio between the reference voltage and the input voltage, and is used to set the required conversion gain ratio.
- the 3 digit data generated by the latches 205 remains unchanged.
- the 3 digit data generated by the latches 205 changes so as to change the conversion gain ratio.
- FIG. 2B is a block diagram of an output adjusting device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- the output adjusting device 113 includes a plurality of comparators 211 and a control logic circuit 213 connected with the comparators 211.
- Each of the comparators 211 in the output adjusting device 113 includes a read amplifier. The use of the read amplifier helps with further lowering the system power consumption.
- the gain controller 109 is configured to control the conversion gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core 101 according to information provided by the input adjusting device 111 and the output adjusting device 113.
- the conversion gain ratio is the ratio between the output voltage and the input voltage.
- the gain controller 109 when the output voltage is sufficiently close to the reference voltage, for example, when the output voltage is in a threshold range below the reference voltage, the gain controller 109 is turned off, and the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core 101 is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage gradually approaches the reference voltage and fine-tuning of the output voltage is realized.
- DFS Discrete-frequency Scaling
- the switch capacitor converter core 101 includes a plurality of power transistor switches and a pump capacitor.
- the conversion gain ratio may be greater or less than 1.
- the conversion gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor converter core 101 may be 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or 2.
- the gain controller 109 includes a digital circuit. When the output voltage is out of a predetermined range (the reference voltage ⁇ a predetermined threshold), the digital circuit, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio, adjusts the output voltage by a relatively great amount, therefore realizing rough adjustment of the output voltage through adaptive power control.
- the gain controller 109 When the output voltage is in the predetermined range (the reference voltage ⁇ a predetermined threshold), the gain controller 109 is turned off, the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core 101 is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage is fine tuned.
- the counter 117 is configured to count a predetermined number of clock periods every time after the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core 101 is changed, so that there is sufficient time for the output voltage to respond to the change.
- the predetermined threshold is less than or equal to 10% of the reference voltage.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a clock generator of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
- the clock generator 115 includes a comparator 301; a logic circuit 303 connected with the comparator 301 and configured to drive the comparator 301; and a clock signal generator 305 connected with the logic circuit 303 and configured to output two clock signals A and B.
- the two clock signals A and B are transmitted to the switch signal router 105 and the switch driver 103, and further configured to control the switch capacitor converter core 101.
- the input of the comparator 301 is the output voltage and the reference voltage.
- the switch driver 103 controls the power transistors in the switch capacitor converter core 101 to stop switching operations. This design further lowers power consumption of the system and limits the overshoot of the output voltage.
- the DC-DC converter has a small chip area, circuits with low complexity, and high configurability, implementing the controlling method that combines the rough adjustment (adaptive power control) and the find adjustment (DFS) of the output voltage so that the DC-DC converter satisfies the requirements on the output voltage and the load in a wide range, and is especially suitable for supplying power to implantable medical devices.
- the switch driver is configured to control the power transistors of the switch capacitor converter core 101 to stop switching operations, which not only limits overshoot of the output voltage, but also further decreases power consumption of the system, so that the working efficiency of the system is improved.
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Abstract
A DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices includes a switch capacitor converter core including a plurality of power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an output voltage; a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter core and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the output voltage; a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver; a gain selection decoder connected with the switch signal router; a gain controller connected with the gain selection decoder, the gain selection decoder being configured to decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller; an input adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; an output adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; a clock generator connected with the switch signal router, the gain controller and the output adjusting device; and a counter connected with the gain controller.
Description
The present patent application generally relates to
medical electronics and more specifically to a DC-DC converter for implantable
medical devices.
Implantable medical devices have been applied more and
more widely in modern medicine. Because of its unique applications, an
implantable medical device generally requires the power supply that supplies
power to it to be small volume, low power and high power transfer efficiency.
Not only so, the implantable medical device but also generally has multiple
working modes, such as a sleep mode, a measurement mode, a data transmission
mode, and so on. In each different working mode, the same implantable medical
device typically has a different requirement on the power supply that supplies
power to it.
DC-DC converter is an important component of a power
supply system of an implantable medical device. Conventional DC-DC converters
usually cannot effectively satisfy different requirements of the implantable
medical device in different working modes on the output voltage and the load
values, which are in a relatively wide range. In addition, to improve the
configurability, conventional DC-DC converters usually have relatively
complicated circuits, relatively large chip areas, relatively high power
consumption, and relatively low system working efficiency, and therefore are
not suitable for supplying power to implantable medical devices.
The present patent application is directed to a DC-DC
converter for implantable medical devices. In one aspect, the DC-DC converter
includes: a switch capacitor converter core including a plurality of power
transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an output
voltage; a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter core and
configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch
capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the output
voltage; a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and configured
to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver; a gain selection
decoder connected with the switch signal router; a gain controller connected
with the gain selection decoder, the gain selection decoder being configured to
decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller; an
input adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to
receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship
between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the
relationship to the gain controller; an output adjusting device connected with
the gain controller and configured to receive the output voltage and the
reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the output voltage and the
reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; a
clock generator connected with the switch signal router, the gain controller
and the output adjusting device; and a counter connected with the gain
controller. The input adjusting device includes an adaptive ADC configured to
determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input voltage and the
reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with the adaptive ADC
and configured to control the adaptive ADC. The output adjusting device
includes a plurality of comparators and a control logic circuit connected with
the comparators. The gain controller is configured to control the conversion
gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to
information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting
device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage
and the input voltage. When the output voltage is in a threshold range below
the reference voltage, the gain controller is turned off, and switching
frequency of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted by discrete
amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the
output voltage gradually approaches the reference voltage. When the output
voltage is equal to or greater than the reference voltage, the switch capacitor
converter core stops its switching operations. When the output voltage is lower
than the reference voltage, the switch capacitor converter core is configured
to resume its switching operations.
The switch capacitor converter core may include a
plurality of power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion
gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor converter core may be 1/2, 2/3, 1,
3/2 or 2.
The adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device may
include a comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected
with the comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number
of digits according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio
between the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the
required conversion gain ratio.
The gain controller may include a digital circuit; when
the output voltage is below the threshold range below the reference voltage,
the digital circuit may be configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain
ratio, adjust the output voltage by a large amount.
The counter may be configured to count a predetermined
number of clock periods every time after the switching frequency of the switch
capacitor converter core is changed, so that there is sufficient time for the
output voltage to respond to the change.
The clock generator may include a comparator; a logic
circuit connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator;
and a clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to
output two clock signals. The two clock signals may be transmitted to the
switch signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control
the switch capacitor converter core.
In another aspect, the present patent application
provides a DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices including: a switch
capacitor converter core including a plurality of power transistor switches
configured to receive an input voltage and output an output voltage; a switch
driver connected with the switch capacitor converter core and configured to
turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the switch capacitor
converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the output voltage; a
switch signal router connected with the switch driver and configured to
selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver; a gain selection
decoder connected with the switch signal router; a gain controller connected
with the gain selection decoder, the gain selection decoder being configured to
decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain controller; an
input adjusting device connected with the gain controller and configured to
receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to indicate relationship
between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the
relationship to the gain controller; an output adjusting device connected with
the gain controller and configured to receive the output voltage and the
reference voltage, to indicate relationship between the output voltage and the
reference voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller; a
clock generator connected with the switch signal router, the gain controller
and the output adjusting device; and a counter connected with the gain
controller. The input adjusting device includes an adaptive ADC configured to
determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input voltage and the
reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with the adaptive ADC
and configured to control the adaptive ADC. The output adjusting device
includes a plurality of comparators and a control logic circuit connected with
the comparators. The gain controller is configured to control the conversion
gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to
information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting
device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage
and the input voltage. The gain controller includes a digital circuit. When the
output voltage is out of a threshold range around the reference voltage, the
digital circuit is configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio,
adjust the output voltage by a large amount. When the output voltage is in a
threshold range around the reference voltage, the gain controller is turned
off, and switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted
by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so
that the output voltage gradually approaches the reference voltage.
The switch capacitor converter core may include a
plurality of power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion
gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor converter core may be 1/2, 2/3, 1,
3/2 or 2.
The adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device may
include a comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected
with the comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number
of digits according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio
between the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the
required conversion gain ratio.
The clock generator may include a comparator; a logic
circuit connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator;
and a clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to
output two clock signals. The two clock signals may be transmitted to the
switch signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control
the switch capacitor converter core.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a DC-DC converter for
implantable medical devices in accordance with an embodiment of the present
patent application.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an input adjusting
device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
FIG. 2B is a block diagram of an output adjusting
device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a clock generator of the
DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1.
Reference will now be made in detail to a preferred
embodiment of the DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices disclosed in
the present patent application, examples of which are also provided in the
following description. Exemplary embodiments of the DC-DC converter for
implantable medical devices disclosed in the present patent application are
described in detail, although it will be apparent to those skilled in the
relevant art that some features that are not particularly important to an
understanding of the DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices may not be
shown for the sake of clarity.
Furthermore, it should be understood that the DC-DC
converter for implantable medical devices disclosed in the present patent
application is not limited to the precise embodiments described below and that
various changes and modifications thereof may be effected by one skilled in the
art without departing from the spirit or scope of the protection. For example,
elements and/or features of different illustrative embodiments may be combined
with each other and/or substituted for each other within the scope of this
disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a DC-DC converter for
implantable medical devices in accordance with an embodiment of the present
patent application. Referring to FIG. 1, the DC-DC converter for implantable
medical devices includes a switch capacitor converter core 101 that includes a
plurality of power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage
and output an output voltage; a switch driver 103 connected with the switch
capacitor converter core 101 and configured to turn on corresponding power
transistor switches in the switch capacitor converter core 101 so as to supply
power to a load 104 receiving the output voltage; a switch signal router 105
connected with the switch driver 103 and configured to selectively transmit
signals required by the switch driver 103; a gain selection decoder 107
connected with the switch signal router 105; a gain controller 109 connected
with the gain selection decoder 107, the gain selection decoder 107 being
configured to decode gain selection instructions transmitted from the gain
controller 109; an input adjusting device 111 connected with the gain
controller 109 and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference
voltage, to indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference
voltage, and to transmit the relationship to the gain controller 109; an output
adjusting device 113 connected with the gain controller 109 and configured to
receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to indicate relationship
between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and to transmit the
relationship to the gain controller 109; a clock generator 115 connected with
the switch signal router 105, the gain controller 109 and the output adjusting
device 113; and a counter 117 connected with the gain controller 109.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an input adjusting
device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2A, in this
embodiment, the input adjusting device 111 includes an adaptive ADC 201
configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input
voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit 203 connected
with the adaptive ADC 201 and configured to control the adaptive ADC 201.
Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, in this embodiment, the adaptive ADC 201 in
the input adjusting device 111 includes a comparator 204 and a plurality of
latches 205. The latches 205 are connected with the comparator 204 and
configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits according to a
result from the comparator 204. In this embodiment, the predetermined number of
digits is 3. The 3 digit data describes ratio between the reference voltage and
the input voltage, and is used to set the required conversion gain ratio. When
the input voltage changes by a small amount, the 3 digit data generated by the
latches 205 remains unchanged. When the input voltage changes by a relatively
large amount, the 3 digit data generated by the latches 205 changes so as to
change the conversion gain ratio.
FIG. 2B is a block diagram of an output adjusting
device of the DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2B, in this
embodiment, the output adjusting device 113 includes a plurality of comparators
211 and a control logic circuit 213 connected with the comparators 211. Each of
the comparators 211 in the output adjusting device 113 includes a read
amplifier. The use of the read amplifier helps with further lowering the system
power consumption.
Referring to FIG. 1, the gain controller 109 is
configured to control the conversion gain ratio required by the switch
capacitor converter core 101 according to information provided by the input
adjusting device 111 and the output adjusting device 113. The conversion gain
ratio is the ratio between the output voltage and the input voltage.
In this embodiment, when the output voltage is
sufficiently close to the reference voltage, for example, when the output
voltage is in a threshold range below the reference voltage, the gain
controller 109 is turned off, and the switching frequency of the switch
capacitor converter core 101 is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS
(Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage gradually
approaches the reference voltage and fine-tuning of the output voltage is
realized. When the output voltage reaches or exceeds the reference voltage, the
switch capacitor converter core 101 stops its switching operations. When the
output voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the switch capacitor
converter core 101 is configured to resume its switching operations.
More specifically, referring to FIG. 1, the switch
capacitor converter core 101 includes a plurality of power transistor switches
and a pump capacitor. The conversion gain ratio may be greater or less than 1.
In this embodiment, the conversion gain ratio provided by the switch capacitor
converter core 101 may be 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or 2. The gain controller 109
includes a digital circuit. When the output voltage is out of a predetermined
range (the reference voltage ± a predetermined threshold), the digital circuit,
through adjusting the conversion gain ratio, adjusts the output voltage by a
relatively great amount, therefore realizing rough adjustment of the output
voltage through adaptive power control.
When the output voltage is in the predetermined range
(the reference voltage ± a predetermined threshold), the gain controller 109 is
turned off, the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core 101
is adjusted by discrete amounts based on a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling)
algorithm so that the output voltage is fine tuned. The counter 117 is
configured to count a predetermined number of clock periods every time after
the switching frequency of the switch capacitor converter core 101 is changed,
so that there is sufficient time for the output voltage to respond to the
change. In this embodiment, the predetermined threshold is less than or equal
to 10% of the reference voltage.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a clock generator of the
DC-DC converter depicted in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 3, the clock generator
115 includes a comparator 301; a logic circuit 303 connected with the
comparator 301 and configured to drive the comparator 301; and a clock signal
generator 305 connected with the logic circuit 303 and configured to output two
clock signals A and B. The two clock signals A and B are transmitted to the
switch signal router 105 and the switch driver 103, and further configured to
control the switch capacitor converter core 101. In this embodiment, the input
of the comparator 301 is the output voltage and the reference voltage.
In another embodiment, when the output voltage is
greater than the reference voltage, the switch driver 103 controls the power
transistors in the switch capacitor converter core 101 to stop switching
operations. This design further lowers power consumption of the system and
limits the overshoot of the output voltage.
In the above embodiments, the DC-DC converter has a
small chip area, circuits with low complexity, and high configurability,
implementing the controlling method that combines the rough adjustment
(adaptive power control) and the find adjustment (DFS) of the output voltage so
that the DC-DC converter satisfies the requirements on the output voltage and
the load in a wide range, and is especially suitable for supplying power to
implantable medical devices. In addition, when the output voltage is greater
than the reference voltage, the switch driver is configured to control the
power transistors of the switch capacitor converter core 101 to stop switching
operations, which not only limits overshoot of the output voltage, but also
further decreases power consumption of the system, so that the working
efficiency of the system is improved.
While the present patent application has been shown
and described with particular references to a number of embodiments thereof, it
should be noted that various other changes or modifications may be made without
departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices, the
DC-DC converter comprising:
a switch capacitor converter core comprising a plurality of
power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an
output voltage;
a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter
core and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the
switch capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the
output voltage;
a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and
configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver;
a gain selection decoder connected with the switch signal
router;
a gain controller connected with the gain selection decoder,
the gain selection decoder being configured to decode gain selection
instructions transmitted from the gain controller;
an input adjusting device connected with the gain controller
and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to
indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and
to transmit the relationship to the gain controller;
an output adjusting device connected with the gain controller
and configured to receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to
indicate relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and
to transmit the relationship to the gain controller;
a clock generator connected with the switch signal router,
the gain controller and the output adjusting device; and
a counter connected with the gain controller;
wherein:
the input adjusting device comprises an adaptive ADC
configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input
voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with
the adaptive ADC and configured to control the adaptive ADC;
the output adjusting device comprises a plurality of
comparators and a control logic circuit connected with the
comparators;
the gain controller is configured to control the conversion
gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to
information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting
device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage
and the input voltage;
when the output voltage is in a threshold range below the
reference voltage, the gain controller is turned off, and switching frequency
of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted by discrete amounts based on
a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage
gradually approaches the reference voltage;
when the output voltage is equal to or greater than the
reference voltage, the switch capacitor converter core stops its switching
operations; and
when the output voltage is lower than the reference voltage,
the switch capacitor converter core is configured to resume its switching
operations.
2. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 1, wherein the switch capacitor converter core comprises a plurality of
power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion gain ratio
provided by the switch capacitor converter core is 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or
2.
3. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 1, wherein the adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device comprises a
comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected with the
comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits
according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio between
the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the required
conversion gain ratio.
4. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 1, wherein the gain controller comprises a digital circuit; when the
output voltage is below the threshold range below the reference voltage, the
digital circuit is configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio,
adjust the output voltage by a large amount.
5. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 1, wherein the counter is configured to count a predetermined number of
clock periods every time after the switching frequency of the switch capacitor
converter core is changed, so that there is sufficient time for the output
voltage to respond to the change.
6. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 1, wherein the clock generator comprises a comparator; a logic circuit
connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator; and a
clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to
output two clock signals; the two clock signals are transmitted to the switch
signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control the
switch capacitor converter core.
7. A DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices, the
DC-DC converter comprising:
a switch capacitor converter core comprising a plurality of
power transistor switches configured to receive an input voltage and output an
output voltage;
a switch driver connected with the switch capacitor converter
core and configured to turn on corresponding power transistor switches in the
switch capacitor converter core so as to supply power to a load receiving the
output voltage;
a switch signal router connected with the switch driver and
configured to selectively transmit signals required by the switch driver;
a gain selection decoder connected with the switch signal
router;
a gain controller connected with the gain selection decoder,
the gain selection decoder being configured to decode gain selection
instructions transmitted from the gain controller;
an input adjusting device connected with the gain controller
and configured to receive the input voltage and a reference voltage, to
indicate relationship between the input voltage and the reference voltage, and
to transmit the relationship to the gain controller;
an output adjusting device connected with the gain controller
and configured to receive the output voltage and the reference voltage, to
indicate relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage, and
to transmit the relationship to the gain controller;
a clock generator connected with the switch signal router,
the gain controller and the output adjusting device; and
a counter connected with the gain controller;
wherein:
the input adjusting device comprises an adaptive ADC
configured to determine a required conversion gain ratio based on the input
voltage and the reference voltage, and a control logic circuit connected with
the adaptive ADC and configured to control the adaptive ADC;
the output adjusting device comprises a plurality of
comparators and a control logic circuit connected with the
comparators;
the gain controller is configured to control the conversion
gain ratio required by the switch capacitor converter core according to
information provided by the input adjusting device and the output adjusting
device, the conversion gain ratio being the ratio between the output voltage
and the input voltage;
the gain controller comprises a digital circuit; when the
output voltage is out of a threshold range around the reference voltage, the
digital circuit is configured to, through adjusting the conversion gain ratio,
adjust the output voltage by a large amount; and
when the output voltage is in a threshold range around the
reference voltage, the gain controller is turned off, and switching frequency
of the switch capacitor converter core is adjusted by discrete amounts based on
a DFS (Discrete-frequency Scaling) algorithm so that the output voltage
gradually approaches the reference voltage.
8. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 7, wherein the switch capacitor converter core comprises a plurality of
power transistor switches and a pump capacitor, and the conversion gain ratio
provided by the switch capacitor converter core is 1/2, 2/3, 1, 3/2 or
2.
9. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 7, wherein the adaptive ADC in the input adjusting device comprises a
comparator and a plurality of latches, the latches being connected with the
comparator and configured to generate data of a predetermined number of digits
according to a result from the comparator, the data describing ratio between
the reference voltage and the input voltage, and being used to set the required
conversion gain ratio.
10. The DC-DC converter for implantable medical devices of
claim 7, wherein the clock generator comprises a comparator; a logic circuit
connected with the comparator and configured to drive the comparator; and a
clock signal generator connected with the logic circuit and configured to
output two clock signals; the two clock signals are transmitted to the switch
signal router and the switch driver, and further configured to control the
switch capacitor converter core.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2030233A SE2030233A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Dc-dc converter |
| GB1909552.0A GB2572115B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | DC- DC converter for implantable medical devices |
| SE1930236A SE543140C2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices |
| SE2130003A SE2130003A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Voltage converter |
| PCT/CN2016/109085 WO2018103053A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices |
| CN201680091396.2A CN110089017A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | DC-DC converter for implantable medical device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2016/109085 WO2018103053A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018103053A1 true WO2018103053A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
Family
ID=62490586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2016/109085 Ceased WO2018103053A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Dc-dc converter for implantable medical devices |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110089017A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2572115B (en) |
| SE (3) | SE2130003A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018103053A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021137085A2 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | Novocure Gmbh | High voltage, high efficiency sine wave generator that prevents spikes during amplitude adjustments and switching of channels |
| CN111053975B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2023-09-29 | 创领心律管理医疗器械（上海）有限公司 | Cardiac pacing device, storage medium, power supply device, and output voltage control method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101465658A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-24 | 雷凌科技股份有限公司 | Wireless Receiver System with Adaptively Configurable Analog-to-Digital Converter |
| US20090326624A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Medtronic, Inc. | Multi-mode switched capacitor dc-dc voltage converter |
| CN102754321A (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2012-10-24 | 天工方案公司 | Continuously variable switched capacitor dc-dc voltage converter |
| US9295851B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-03-29 | Medtronic, Inc. | Implantable medical device having power supply for generating a regulated power supply |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102868397B (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2014-12-17 | 杭州中科微电子有限公司 | Self-correcting frequency synthesizer capable of optimizing properties of voltage-controlled oscillator and optimizing method of self-correcting frequency synthesizer |
| CN206379881U (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-08-04 | 安捷乐科技有限公司 | DC‑DC Converters for Implantable Medical Devices |
-
2016
- 2016-12-08 WO PCT/CN2016/109085 patent/WO2018103053A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-12-08 SE SE2130003A patent/SE2130003A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-12-08 SE SE2030233A patent/SE2030233A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-12-08 SE SE1930236A patent/SE543140C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2016-12-08 CN CN201680091396.2A patent/CN110089017A/en active Pending
- 2016-12-08 GB GB1909552.0A patent/GB2572115B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101465658A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-24 | 雷凌科技股份有限公司 | Wireless Receiver System with Adaptively Configurable Analog-to-Digital Converter |
| US20090326624A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Medtronic, Inc. | Multi-mode switched capacitor dc-dc voltage converter |
| CN102754321A (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2012-10-24 | 天工方案公司 | Continuously variable switched capacitor dc-dc voltage converter |
| US9295851B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-03-29 | Medtronic, Inc. | Implantable medical device having power supply for generating a regulated power supply |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE543140C2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
| SE1930236A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 |
| GB2572115A (en) | 2019-09-18 |
| SE2030233A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 |
| CN110089017A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
| GB2572115B (en) | 2022-01-12 |
| SE2130003A1 (en) | 2020-01-04 |
| GB201909552D0 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
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