US980665A - Rendering apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

G. E. ORD.

RENDERING APPARATUS.. APPLICATION FILED 213.19, 190e.

Patented Jam, 1911.

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RENDERING AFPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED 1113.19, 1906.-

980,665.- Patented Jans, 1911.

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o.l E. DRD. RENDERING APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION HLBD PEB. 19, 190e. 980,665, Patented Jans, 1911.

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CHARLES E. om), or BROOKLYN TWNSHIP, cUYAHoGA COUNTY, oHIo.

RENDERING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

Application led .February 19, 1906. Serial No. *301,949.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it. known that I, CHARLES E. ORD, -a citizen of .the,United States, residingin Brooklyn-township, in the county of Guya hoga and State o f Ohio, have invented certain vnew Vand usefullmprovements in Rendering Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,l and exact descriptionv of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto whichI it pertains to make and use the same My invention relates to the destructive treatment of garbage embodymg the rendering or extracting of the fats from the, animal matteigiand the drying of the re-v siduum, and the treatment of the same, the

entire process being performed in the sameptank or vessel, and the obnoxious vapors being eliminated through the condenser, and

the less volatile vapors being employed in the heating chamber. v

The objects of this invention are, to obtain any evenly distributed heat\ area throughout the mass "contained within the tank,and the utilization of the'exhaust or low pressuresteam for the drying process.

Another object of my invention is to allow thelive steam to be employed, first for the purpose of agitating the mass during the cooking process'of the residuum; and

secondly to allow the live 4steam to be introduced into the different conduits and at the discharge door for cleansing purposes.

Another object is to provide .means for eliminatingv obnoxiousodors, emanating from the still or converter, during the primary` operation upon the mass contained therein and roviding means in this connection for conc ensing the vapors and conducting them to proper sewerage conveyers.

My invention consists in the combination i 4hereinafter fully set forth-for the` purpose of obtaining the above 'results and objects, and this invention `further consists in the parts and combination of parts, conveniences and safety appliances, which will be i also hereinafter fully s'etforth and'claimed.

In the drawings FigureI, is` a view in front elevation of a device constructed according to my invention. This figure illustratesthe device externally for the most part, showing the arrangement and location of the parts such as pi es, condensers, steam inlets and outlets.' At the left hand upper portion of this ligure a portion is cut a way, illustrating the interior .of the parts Y of the receptacle, and the vacuum pipe valve and lcheck valve. Fig. II, is a vertical sec- -tional view taken through line 2-2 Fi I looking in the direction of the arrows, il ustrating the interior arrangement and also parts not clearly shown in Fig. I. Fig. III,

illustrates a cross sectional view taken through the containerand the testing device, the latter turned in/ a hhrizontal plane. Fig. IV is an enlarged form of the residuum discharge door-'way by meansA of which the residuum may be removed. In this )figure the door 52 is shown, which consists of a proper flanged ,plate hermetically attached, and will be readily understood, and its con struction, may be varied.

The improved construction of the door is of the samestyle as that in my Patent- No. 568,696, dated Sept. 29, 1896, with the exception that in this invention I have provided means for introducing live steam within the door casing and the perforated plate, closing the door -orice which allows the live steam to enter the tank A, but prevents the residuum from dropping out.

In the drawings A represents an upright distilling, rendering and' drying tank,

adapted to receive the oifal or mass to be treated, which is fed to the tank through the charging orifice A at the upper part of the tank. rI `his charging orifice A is illustrated in Figs. I and II and is provided witha cover A2 adapted to be removed from sald orifice and to be hermetically sealed or closed.

In order to properly handle the cover A2,I -I have provided at the upper end of the upper'end being pivotally secured to thel nut a which engages. with the depending 'screw rod a, thc lower 'end of the rod a'L is swiveled and attached to the upper portion of ,the cover A2 at its central port-ion. This swivel attachment a2 is preferably pivoted as at a3, to the cover A2. It will thus be seen that by manipulating the rod a* Which is preferably done by a handwheel a5 the cover may be raised; or lowered and hermetically sealed in position and that when raised the c over A2 may be swung out of the way thus facilitating the charging of the tankA. Also secured to and communicating with the upper portion 'of' the tank "A is an exhaust or vacuum pipe B whichhas a branch B depending from it tions, utilizedvboth for the purpose of cleanstending downward so as to communicate with the tank A. It will also be noticed that the pipe B is provided with capped orifices b', b2, which are emergency' connec- K ing the vacuum pipe, at this point, and for the attachment of vacuum connections in case of emergency such as the inoperative ness of thevacuum pump or leakage of the pipe B2. 4The vacuum pipe B is provided with'a cut-oft' valve B3 which is preffor the purpose.

erably of the gate valve construction, but

may be of any suitable construction adapted Inasmuch as it often happens that through the leakage of the pipe B2 and its connections with the vacuum pump not shown, -or through the stoppage of the lvacuum pump, the vacuum in the tank' A is not maintainedv to a desirable extentnr degree and hence I have provided an emergency check valve B4 which will close when any leakage occurs, and thus maintain the vacuum in the tank A and prevent the syphoning of the water from the vacuum pump into the tank until such time as re-- pairs can be made or attachment be made either to the pipe B or by means of the capped orifices b", b2. It will thus be seen that the apparatus may be in operation until repairs can be made or the drying operation completed.

At the upperend of thetank A I have provided a gas escaping pipe C, through which the obnoxious gases pass which ema- 7nate during the rendering or drying process. These gases pass into a disinfectingor condensing apparatus and from thence to a proper lsewage. in a harmless condition. Connected also at the upper end of thetank A, is avacuum gage QQ, w'hich is connected and communicates with the interior of the tank A, through the pipe g. `This gage in` dicates the degree of vacuum. It will of course be understood that the chamber A, when the apparatus is in operation, is hermetically sealed. l

The orifices T, T, T2, may be provided in the side of the rendering and drying tank A, communicating with the interior thereof, and located at the upper portion of the tank A, and at different levels These orifices arel provided with strainers 50 of any suitable construction to preventany solidv material from passing lout through the pipes,

and attached to the pipes leading from these orifices may be supplied suitable stop cocks 51. The function of these orifices, .as located, is twofold, first to draw 'ofl' any water that may emanate. during the rendering process, and second to carry off an of the fats or oils. It will thus -be seen from the above description that, the rendering tank A, is provided with allnecessary adjuncts and auxiliaries to meet the requirements in the most convenient, labor saving, and perfect manner. f Relative to the drying. and heating mechanism, it will be noticed that the tank A, diminishes in an inverted conical shape from its central portion downwar and that it is surrounded at its sides by a cylindrical casing J which leaves an annular heating chamber H surrounding the llower'portion f, of the tank A, which the chamber H incloses. The object of gradually. reducing the area of the tank A as above set forth is first to provide, at the lower portion of the tank lesser area, and a,4 lesser cross section-of mass to be operated upon by the agitator 'blades S and thus allowing the tank to be built of any suitabledimensions and still not increase the strain Iupon the agitator blades, and secondly it obviates the necessity of providing greater power to operate the agitator blades.

A double function is attained by thus/constructing/the lower portion of the tank A, and the chamber H, in the first place, by the inverted conical shape of the lower part of the chamber A, the mass within the container is collected at the lower end of said chamber wherek it is agitated by means of scraperportion ofthe heating chamber both the exhaust and live steam are fed by means of a pipe P which communicates with the upper end of said chamber H, as does also the pipe (Z2.

t 7will be noticed by referring to Fig. II of the drawings that the bottom plate of the drying and rendering tank A is formed rounding at its periphery, forming an ananula-r pocket at Kthis point, the object-of which is to provide an annular receptacle for foreign matter, such as iron or steel which might come in contact with the blades or work under them. The laction of the blades is such that upon slightly raising the blades, the foreign matter .will be forced into this annular receptacleby centrifugal force, and hence these foreign matters are placed out o f the way of the blades, and

wear of the bottom of the tank. At the lower end the tank is supported by stay ,bolts afrom the convex plate- U, which forms the top of the supporting casing for containing the driving and adjusting mechanism for the blades S, and by thus supporting the bottom of the tank A the steam is allowed to-heat the under or bottom portion of said tankand the convex shape ofthe plate ers a support for the tank A. The convex shape of the plate U in the first place strengthens the support o f the tank; another function of the plate U, as above setl forth is that by thus shaping the bottom of the chamber H, the Water Hows to the periphery of said plateand the chamber-111, seen, arid then through the pipe 1y, and from thence either direct-ly,

, is open.l

The bearing and stu ng shaft S is supported by said plate U. The

trap P3. when the valve Hp lower end of lthe shaft S isA received withinthestep S3, which isofany suitable formation, either the style illustrated in Fig. II, or'it may be of the ball bearing type. The

' shaft S is driven by suitable gear and pinblocks being shown in ion, such as V, V, respectively. The gearing V is splined to the shaft 'SY so that said shaft S 'may be raised or lowered, allowing the blades S, S, to rise or lower. The blades S, S, are adjusted in relationto the bottom ofthe tank A by means of a lever L with adjusting means such as L.

neet-s the lever L, near the fu'lerum'ed end vthereof to a side bracket 9,`and is designed to support oneend of said lever in the event of they breakage of the fulcrum pin 10. The shaft Sis held in the step S3 which 'is secured to the lever L and the gearing V restsiupon supporting blocks y1l placed on qpposite sides of said step, one f of said S being capable of vertical -adjustment to be raised or lowthe distance at which the blades' shall be' lelevated above the bottom of the tank The 'supporting casing Nis preferably formed separable from the casing' J'fr convenience in". setting up the' device, but this is :.teringthe, steam int vfirst the introductionof live steam at fthe .not necessary and only a matter of con .venience where the space prevents thesetting up of the apparatus when it is formed integral.

- As illustrated in H of the drawings and in Fig. III-I havershown a live 'steam pipe M which communicates with the interior of the chamber A at its lower portion as at m, and is directed at its lower end so as to force the steam in the same direction as the bladesSrevolve' The object of thus enthe tank A is twofold,

' process has ceased.

as is easilly' when the cap P23' is removed, or through the pipe p into the box S2 for thel A link 8 con- Fig. II. yThe shaft lower portion of the tank A passing through the residuum will aid in agitating it, separating the particles, while atjthe same time, carry off all of the by-products` and coagulate lall albuminous matters 'as will be found in the residuum after the rendering The steam in the cha1nber A moves in the same direction as the blades S, and serves to aid the blades and acts as an auxiliary to them in moving the mass, yand preventing the settling of the same around the inner/walls f. The pipe M it will be understood leads from a suitable boiler, as do all live steam pipes illustrated inthe apparatus. process live steam is employed preferably,

while during the drying process exhaust steam may be used, unless desired to quicken the process.

The exhaust steamfrom any convenient source of supply, not shown, is fed to the chamber H at itsnpper end 'through the pipe 1, and as it condenses it flows through the discharge outlet P as does also the live steam used for the rendering process. -Any obnoxiousV vapors Within the tank A will pass as hereinafter described, through the conduit 1" into a proper `d'isinfecting and condensing apparatus. to the trap Pais provided with a valve p',

whereby the communication with ,the trap P3 is cut olf, if found desirable, and under certain conditions. This pipe P is located The pipe pleading lat the lower portion of the chamber H at one side thereof so as/to thoroughly drain said chamber.

Live steam pr steam under pressure, can be supplied to the chamber H through the medium ofthe valve and pipe O and also-.thc valve 0. purpose of facilitating the ,rendering procelslswhen the exhaust steam is insulicient for t e the residuum in the tank. The pressure inthe chamber H is 'indicated and can be ascertained through the gage G.

This is convenient both for the.

purpose and for the drying process of,

Livesteam is introduced inte the-lower i portion of the tank Athrough the pipe O,

which. is provided with a pressure regulator t, anda safety valve t', and'also with a pressure indicator G2, anda check valve t2,

means of a gage G, andthe three gages A at thisipoint cor1nthata vglance will ascertain the condition of theseveral parts.

lthus vkeeping thepressure of the steam inand providing means G2, are preferably placed on a line so The live steam inletpipe O is branched as l at. O andat its-lowr`end is coupled so as to connect with the pipe O2.

wthich leads into the tank A, through the doorway-chamber Y. 13@

ltor the purpose of testing the materials or residuum, I provide a pipe 02 extending outward and provided with a large valve lt. This construction is more clearly shown in Fig. III of the drawings, in section, where the valve is shown open. A pipe extends from -the valve R to a chamber 1F .which isprovidcd on its end with a stutiing box r through which runs the rod F which 1s the testing rod. This rod is provided on its in? most end With a spiral so constructed that. when it 1s lnserted into the mass a portion ot said mass of the residuum will adhere to it stop block l1.2 is placed on the rod F in a manner so that it may be adjusted to determine the. inward distance into thema-ss,

.which is ydesired to be tested.

Still another feature of my invention is the providing of a casing (see Fig. IV) such as Y around the doorway which formsa chamber exterior of `said doorway allowing the door 52, which may be removed or 'hermetically sealed in position, to close the chamber Y. And acting as a diaphragm in the/*opening of the doorway is a `pla'te Y y which -is perforated at its lower portion.

This plate Y forming -the inner side of said chamber Y and preventing the residuum or matter within the tank A from escaping.'

The pipes y, y. lead into the chamber at the Asides thereof and when the doorway is hermetically sealed, the live steam is fed through said pipes y, y, and enteringthe chamber A, thus clearing the doorway of any material that may be clogged at the same, and leaving the clear steam tobe fed at the lower part of the tank A.; These pipes y', y, are fed lfrom the pipe O leading from the pipe O.

The operating of my device is as follows:

.The tank is first .charged with a proper quantity of water, the exhaust steam from any suitable supply is then turned into the chamber H, through the pipe P at the upper endv of said chamber until the Water in the tank A is about at the boiling point, at this point the tank A is ready to be charged,

which is done by opening the cover A2 in the manner hereinbefore described.` After the tank A is charged to a predetermined extent. depending upon the matter to be treated, the cover lA2 is replaced on its opening and hermetica'lly sealed in position.- 'Live steam 1s then introduced into the tank A through the pipe O which leads to the door casing Y which is also hermetically sealed by its door, and from thence the live steam passes through the perforations 1n the plate y` into the mass. AThis results in setting up a circulation in the mass and also in agitating the particles. This feeding of the live steam is kept up for a required time (about 3 or 4 hours)- aeeording to the matter `to be treated and its condition, this re- `sults in relieving the fats from the matter, and allow them to rise to the upper portion of the -tank and above the water. 'However as the live steam must `be introduced into the mass under a predetermined pressure aecording to the material to be treated, the ln'cssure. and the quantity of the same is controlled by a pressure regulator valve t,

should they pressure regulator valve at any time refuse to Work the safety valve' t will determine the requisite amount of pressure. At a point farther along the pipe O and be.- .vond the connection of said pipe with the gage, is located a check-valve t2 so arranged as to prevent any back flow from the tank A through said pipe.

- Afterthe live steam has been fed into the tank A the valve d is opened which releases the obnoxious vapors into the condenser-'1). When Vthese obnoxiousy vapors have passed, which may be ascertained by the low from the discharge pipe, the valve d','is opened.` This allows the steam at the upper portion of the tank A to pass into the chamber 1-1, retaining an "equilibrium and preventing, to a great extent, any waste of heat, and furthermore releasing any over- ]nessure within said tank, and Vthus utilizing atvthe same time the heat generated in the tank A, and preventing condensation ef steam in said tank to a great'extent.' It happens in some casesthere might be more or less of the obnoxious vapors commingling 'with the steam passing through the pipe J2 and hence into the chamber H, thus making necessary an escape through the pipe P of the same, and through the condenser p8 or if found necessary through a separate condenser.

. After the oils have been obtained, if there should be any surplus water Vbetween the residuum and the oil it. can be released through the orifices T, T', T?, 4according to its height in the tank, as can-also the oil obtained through the cooking process; the live steam being cut off. After the live' steam has been out off and the oil 'has been removed. the residuum is in condition to be treated. exhaust steam is turned into thechamber H, vthrough the pipe P forthe purposepfdrying and draining the` moisture troni said residuum, livel stcain may also be introduced' at this point iffound desirable in order to hasten. the drying.

During the drying. process vapors are l emitted from the residu'um, lbut are sucked out through the vacuum pipe B by means of the suction apparatus, which consists of the usual Water injector type, and pump. The Water `cooling the vapor forming advacuum, in connection with the operating of the pump.

Should any foreign matter enter'into the pipe B it will be led through thepipe B so as to returnxagain to the tank.

From time to time tests can be made in the manner hereinbefore set forth,by means'I of the testing rod F Which isso arranged in connectionjvith the pipe and' chamber heretofore set forth that t-he vacuum is not interferred with, or the operating stopped. When the contents'of the dryin are found to be thoroughly ried, the vacuum is broken by stopping the vacuum pump and opening the cover A2. The discharge door 52 at the lower endof the tank A, is then opened, giving access to the door'-A Way Y and the perforated 'plate y isfremoved, andthe blades being set in motion will automatically discharge the fertilizer. The value of the fertilizerdepends upon the amount of ammonia contained.

In `the drawings and in the specification as above set forth I have illustrated arrangements of pipes, tanks', driving mechanisins, and agitators, in the manner'. Which I A I consider them best adapted for'the purpose, but I do not hence wish to be limited to these details of construction as they may be departedfrom and Still be embodied in my invention.

What claimis: a

15A device of the class described, comb prising a closed rendering and drying tank formed with a doublebottom, the lower portion thereof being inverted -conically-shaped, agitators located in said tank adjacent '\the bottom thereof, a cylindrical' .jacket surrounding .the lower portion of said tank,

and forming a heating chamber of less area at its upper portion andof )greater area at itsloWer ortion, said tank provided With a series of ischargeorifces located one above the other and communicating with the '1nteriorthereof, a vapor plpe communicating with the upper portion-Lof-the closed tank, a

condenser or disinfector, said vaporv pipe communicating with the condenser or dis- "infector and. with the upper ortion of the heating chamber, and means or controlling chamber the y'flow of said pipe to either one or the other thereof.

2. VA drying and rendering apparatus comprising in combination a drying 'and rendering, tank, a mechanical agitator positioned adjacent the bottom and Within said tank, said agitator mounted upon a shaft capable of vertical longitudinalmovement, a pinion splined to said shaft and meshing With ap'oWer gear, a pivoted lever, and a step cen'- trally positioned thereon, the lower end of said shaft seated in said step, an adjustabley screw device attached to the end of said lever o posite the pivot point thereof and adapted) to raise and lower the agitator, as described. 3. A drying and rendering apparatus comprising in combination a drying and render; ing tank, a door-Way located adjacent the bottom thereof, a closure for said door-Way,

said door-Way being provided with a chamber, a diaphragm provided Within the opening of the door-Way, said diaphragm having perforations through the lower portion v 'thereof for conducting live steam through said tank andv forming a heating chamberv of less` area at its upper ortion and'greater area at its bottom portion, said. tank provided vvith a seriesl of discharge 'orifices alining one above the other and communieating With the interior thereof, .a 'vapor pipe. communicating with the upper portion of the closed tank and with the upper portion of the heating chamber, and means for contreflling the flow 'therebetweenI in said pipe.-

Signed at Cuyahoga 'and State of June 19.05.; p

' i CHARLES E.ORD. l

'Cl-eveland in the count v-of Witnesses:

E. B. DoNNELLY, L. C. MARBACH.

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