US767799A - Prismatic window. - Google Patents

Description

No. 767,799. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. G. K. CUMMINGS. PRISMATIC WINDOW.

APPLIOATIQN FILED AUG. 15, 189B. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

jiTNESSESf v f W/(JNVENTOR f%% z J47 V BY WZW ATTORNE 5 No. 767,799. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. G. K. CUMMINGS. PRISMATIU WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 15, 1898.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR W 47 WM, KMM

ATTORNEY .5

No. 767,799. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. G. K. CUMMINGS. PRISMATIG WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 15, 1898.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W 12 1/ a H INVENTOR B Y W1, \l-

ATTORNEYS Patented August 16, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE K. CUMMINGS, OF CENTER RUTLAND, VERMONT.

PRISMATIC WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,799, dated. August 16, 1904.

Application filed August 15, 1898.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE K. OUMMINes, a citizen of the United States, residing in Center Rutland, county of Rutland, and State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Prismatic Windows, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact speciiication, reference being. had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

My invention relates to ornamental, prismatic windows made from panes of glass which are provided with a series of prismatic projections on their surface. v

The object of my invention is to provide a prismatic window which can be made by a simple and economical method of manufacture and in a great variety of designs and in designs of superior finish and artistic merit and without making it necessary for the manufacturer to provide a great variety of molds or to carry on hand a large stock of prismlights of different forms and shapes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a prismatic window which can be made easily and quickly, as well as economically.

My invention consists, first, in a Window made of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled glass having prismatic projections upon their surface, the'said panes being cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, the panes being so assembled that the panes of the same shape have their prismatic projections parallel with one anotherthatis to say, running in the same directionwhile the prismatic projections of one set of panes run in a different direction from the prismatic projections of the other set or sets. In the best form of the invention each shape of pane used in the completed window has its prismatic projections running in a different direction from the prismatic projections upon the panes of other shapes.

Serial No. 688,579. (No model.)

can be made from which the panes of prismatic glass are out which are assembled and glazed to form my improved window. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a crosssectional view thereof. Figs. 4c to 10 illustrate the method of cutting the panes of prismatic glass from the large sheet or sheets of rolled glass and of assembling and glazing them together to form the finished window.

Fig. t represents a finished window made according to my invention. Figs. 5 and 6 show sheets of rolled prismatic glass from which are cut the separate prism panes that are assembled to form the window shown in Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sheet of glass shown in Fig. 5, showing the character of the prismatic projections on that sheet. Fig. Sis a similar partial cross-sectional view of the sheet of glass shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 9 shows another design of window made according to my invention, and Fig. 10 shows a sheet of rolled prismatic glass and illustrates the manner of cutting therefrom the separate panes which are required to form the window represented in Fig. 9.

My improved prismatic windows are made in the following manner: The glass is first melted by any suitable means until it is of the proper consistency. It is then stirred just before it is rolled, so as to make the mass homogeneous in temperature. It is then rolled in any suitable manner into a sheet having on its surface prismatic projections of the desired outline and arrangement. In the best form of my invention the sheet is so rolled that the prismatic projections are parallel with one another. Any suitable mechanism or machine may be employed for rolling the glass.

One form of apparatus suitable for this purpose is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive.

1 is a suitable framework, which is prefera-v bly mounted upon wheels 2, so that the machine can be conveniently moved from place to place. This framework carries the table 3,

upon which the molten glass is poured and which serves to support the glass against the roller during the rolling operation. The table is provided with the racks l on the sides thereof. 5 5 are strips for regulating the thickness of the plate of prismatic glass which is produced by the machine. The surface of the table is plane. 6 is a roller provided with the continuous annular parallel ribs 7, which extend entirely around the roller. The plane of the ribs is parallel with the direction of motion of the roller and perpendicular to the plane of the glass plate to be formed. These ribs 7 are made to correspond in form with the depressions which it is desired to produce upon the upper side of the plate of glass. The roller is provided with a smooth bearingsurface 8 at its ends, adapted to rest and ride upon the strips 5. 9 9 are gears which are attachedto the ends of the roller 6 and which are adapted to mesh with the racks 4c. 10 10 are hand-wheels mounted on the ends of the roller, by means of which the roller is revolved and moved over the table 3. In using this apparatus the roller and table are first heated so as to be brought to the proper temperature for operating upon the glass. One way of doing this is by pouring some of the molten glass preliminarily upon the roller and table until they are properly heated. The roller is moved to one end'of the table, and the molten glass is poured on the table in front of the roller,a suificient quantity being supplied to the table to make a full sheet of prismatic glass. In order to make the mass of glass as nearly homogeneous as possible in temperature, it is then thoroughly stirred just before it is rolled. This can be done by any suitable means. The roller 6 is then rolled along the table, so as to roll the glass out into the form of a sheet having prismatic objections of the desired outline onits surface. These prismatic projections will be parallel with one another. The sheet of glass is then removed from the table and annealed. Any suitable form of leer or annealing-oven can be used for this purpose. It is important that the glass should be slowly and thoroughly annealed, because the sheet is irregular in cross-section and is therefore likely to break unless annealed with the greatest care. When the sheet of glass has been thus properly annealed and cooled, it is cut up into panes of the desired or necessary outline to form the completed Window and in such a manner that the prismatic projections will have the desired relative position and direction. This can be done by any suitable means. I prefer to proceed as follows: The finished window is to be made of a certain number of panes of prismatic glass. These panes are madein two or more sets. The panes of each set are made of the same shape 'or outline; but the panes of one set have-a different shape or outline from the panes of the other sets. It is necessary that the completed window should contain at least two different shapes of panes, and inmost cases the window is made of a large number of differently-shaped panes. In cutting these panes out from the rolled sheet of glass any suitable means or method may be employed. I prefer to make a pattern of paper or any suitable material for each shape of pane that is to be used in the finished window and to apply these patterns to the back or plane surface of the sheet of glass in the proper position relatively to the prismatic projections and to the position and arrangement which the panes are to have in the completed window and to cut out the separate panes in accordance therewith. The separate panes are then combined or assembled in accordance with the design for the completed window and are fastened or held in place by any suitable form of glazing or framework. Ordinarily metal bars are employed for the glazing of the panes, these bars being so shaped as to fit the panes and having grooves into which the edges of the panes project. This method of glazing is Well known.

It is an essential feature of the invention that at least two sets of differently-shaped panes should be used, and these panes are assembled and combined in the completed Window so that the prismatic projections of all the panes having the same shape will be parallel with one another, but the prismatic projections of one set of panes will run in a different direction from the prismatic projec tions on the other set or sets of panes. As a result of this there will be two or more different shapes of panes in the completed window, and all the panes of the same shape will tend to throw the rays of light passing therethrough in the same direction, which will result in making all the panes of the same shape appear bright and luminous when looked at from that direction. As the panes of one shape send the light in one direction and the panes of another shapesend the light in another direction, these two sets of panes will present a different effect or appearance from whatever point they may be viewed. Thus the panes of one shape will all be luminous, while the panes of another shape are dark or are less brilliantly lighted up. In this way beautiful eifects are produced, and the general design of the window is made to stand out more vividly and effectively.

In Figs. 4 to 8 I have shown one form of prismatic window embodying my invention and have illustrated the best method of making the same. Fig. 4: represents the finished window. It will be observed that this window is made up of two different shapes of panes. The design of the window having been first prepared, as shown in Fig. 4, a pattern is made for each of its component panes or one for each different shape or size of pane. These patterns are then applied to a sheet of rolled prismatic glass, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, and the separate panes are cut out in accordance therewith and so as to leave as small an amount of waste glass as possible. The square panes are provided with small prismatic projections and are cut out from a sheet of glass having projections of this character, such as is shown in Figs. 6 and 8. The hexagonal panes are provided with larger prismatic projections and are cut out from a sheet of glass such as is represented in Figs. 5 and 7 These panes are then assembled and glazed together, as shown in Fig. 4. It will be seen that the patterns in Figs. 5 and 6 are so applied tothe glass sheet that when the panes are cut out and properly combined and assembled the prismatic projections on the panes of the same shape will all be parallel, whereas the prismatic projections on the square panes will run in a different direction from the prismatic projections on the hexagonal panes.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown another form of prismatic window embodying my invention and have illustrated the best method of making the same. Fig. 9 represents the finished window. Fig. 10 represents a sheet of prismatic glass from which all of these panes are cut. The window is composed of four different shapes of panes, (marked, respectively, 11, 12, 13, and 14.) These panes are so cut out and assembled that in the finished window the panes 11 have their prismatic projections running in the same direction and the panes 12, 13, and 14 have their prismatic projections running in the same direction with one another, but in a different direction from that of the prismatic projections of the panes 11.

Some of the advantages resulting from my invention are as follows: Prismatic windows of a great variety of designs can be produced according to my invention without requiring the manufacturer or maker to constantly carry on hand a large stock of prismatic lights of difdifi'erent shapes and sizes. These different designs of prismatic windows can be made easily and economically. Very beautiful effects can be produced by introducing into the Windows different shapes of panes and giving to each shape a different appearance or effect, resulting from the fact that its prismatic projections are made to run in a special or different direction. The design of the window can be brought out in this way with striking effect and a much more vivid impression produced by the contrast in light effects caused by having the prismatic projections on the panes of different shapes running in different directions. v

My improved prismatic windows are greatly superior in their artistic character and qualities.

I do not herein claim the machine for rolling the sheets of prismatic glass, as I have claimed said machine in a separate application, Serial No. 681,011, filed May 18, 1898.

I do not herein claim the improved method of making ornamental prismatic windows herein set forth, as I have claimed the said method in a separate application, Serial No. 84,208, filed November 30, 1901, as a division of this present application.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled glass having rolled prismatic projections on their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, one set of the panes having prismatic projections running in one direction and another set of panes having prismatic projections running in a different direction, the panes of the same shape having prismatic projections running in the same direction, substantially as set forth.

2. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled glass having rolled prismatic projections upon their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembledand glazed together, the panes of the same shape having their prismatic projections running in the same direction and panes of different shapes having their prismatic projections running in different directions, substantially as set forth.

3. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled annealed glass having rolled prismatic projections on their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, one set of the panes having prismatic projections running in one direction and another set of panes having prismatic projections running in a different direction, the panes of the same shape having prismatic projections running in the same direction, substantiallyas set forth.

4. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled annealed glass having rolled prismatic projections upon their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, the panes of the same shape having their prismatic projections running in the same direction and panes of different shapes having their prismatic projections running in different directions, substantially as set forth.

5. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a number of panes of rolled glass having parallel rolled prismatic projections upon their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, one set of the panes having prismatic projections running in one direction and another set of panes having prismatic projections running in a different direction, the panes of the same shape having prismatic projections running in the same direction, substantially as set forth.

6. A window of prismatic glass consisting of a'number of panes of rolled glass having parallel rolled prismatic projections upon their surface, cut into two or more different shapes and assembled and glazed together, the panes to this specification in the presence of two subof the same'shape having their prismatic proscribing Witnesses.

jections running in the same direction and a IT panes of different shapes having their pris- GEORGE CUMMIAGSI 5 matic projections running in ditferent direc- WVitnesses:

tions, substantially as set forth. EDWIN SEGER,

In testimony whereof I have signed my name SIDNEY MANN.

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