US666754A - Corn-planter. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Ian. 29, I90l.

G. D. HAW UR TH. .GURN PLANTER. (Application fllad Nov. 27 1899.)

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P TENT GEORGE VD. HAWORTH, or cHicAGo, ILLINOIS.

CORN-PLANTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 666,754, dated January 29, 1901. Application filed November 27,1899. Serial No. 738,423. (No model-J To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE D. HAWORTH, of the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Corn-Planters, of which the following is a specification.

This in vent-ion relates to various details in the front or planting section of a corn-planter, as will hereinafter appear. It is exemplified in the structure hereinafter described, and it is defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the front frame of the plant-er with the second drop mechanism exposed. .In this figure the furrow-forming disk and certain side plates for the corn-chute are removed to better illustrate the drop movement, and the drop is shown in an inactive or corn-retaining condition. Fig.2 is a detail diagram of the second drop in side elevation, showing the drop in the act of forcibly discharging the corn downward and backward. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the means employed to get a back-and-forth movement in the second drop from each swing of the rock-shaft of the first drop movement. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the front frame of the planter, showing an end of a check-rower head and illustrating details of construction in a disk scraper. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a chilled bushing used to form a bearing for a disk journal. Fig. 6 is an end view of the bushing. Fig. 7 is a plan of a planter embodying my improvements. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail planof the intermediate check-row movement. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the intermediate checkrow movement. Fig. 10 is a perspective representation of the rockplate of the intermediate check-row movement. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one of the pawls used to move the rock-plate. Fig. 12 is an enlarged plan of a check-row head, showing the head swung sidewise to feed the check-row wire toward a reel mounted on the rear frame of the planter adjacent to a wheel thereof and direct the wire across the planter in unreeling. Fig. 13 is a detail plan of one of the forked levers used to receive motion from knots on a checkrow wire and impart it to the dropping mechanism. Fig. 14 is a diagram in plan showing the relation of the shields to the disk and the relation of the disks and shields to the direction of the travel of the planter. Fig. 15 isa section through the bushing for the disk hearing.

A pair of seedboxes are shown at 1, a tongue at 2, and an arched cross-bar connecting the seed boxes at 3. At 4 is shown a bracebar which connects with the shanks of the planter between the ends thereof and with the tongue 2 in front of the seedboxes. The brace-bar approximates an arc of a circle in contour. Its ends are attached to lugs 77 of shanks 57, as shown in Fig. 1, and it is secured to the tongue midway between its ends by means of brackets 50. The shake-bar, by means of which the drop mechanism of the seedboxes is actuated, is shown at 6, and a rod connecting the intermediate check-row movement with the shake-bar is shown at 7. The intermediate check-row movement is mounted on a base-bracket 8,. which in this instance is secured to crossbar 3 of the planter. A rock-plate 9 is pivoted at its center on the base-plate. It has laterally-extending arms 10 and 11, one on each side, and it also has raised bosses 14 and 14, one in front of each arm. On one of the arms is an extension 12, which connects with link rod 7 of the shake-bar through casting 27, as shown in Fig. 7, and an extension 13, located between the arms, provides means for rocking the plate by either hand or foot power. A rock-frame 15 is hinged to the base-bracket, and it carries on its swinging side a pair of pawls l6 and 17, one of which engages arm 11 of the rock-plate, while the other engages arm 10. The pawls extend approximately parallel one with the other, and their swinging ends are yoked together by a bar 18, which rests on the pawls and loosely-engages pins 19 thereon. The rock-frame has one of its pivot-pins extended through the journal of the pin, and a wheel or disk 22 is fixed on the extension. 23 and 23 on opposite sides of the pivot, and a rod 25 (shown in Fig. 7) connects with the upper end of slot 23, while a rod 26 connects with the lower end of slot 23 A stop-pin 24 extends into slot 23, near the upper end thereof, and provides a rest for the end of rod 25, extending through the slot. A similar stop may be placed in slot 23 to prevent the end The disk has arc-formed slots of rod 26 from traveling upward when the disk is rocked by rod 25. The rods 25 and 26 connect each with a forked lever 46 in a check-row head, and the knots of a check-row wire act on the disk through the forked levers and the rods. A spring 20 is hitched to rock-frame and to a stud on cross-bar 3 or other relatively fixed part of the planter conveniently placed, and it tends to retract the pawls after they have been thrown operatively by a knot of a check-row wire or otherwise. The pawls engage the arms of the rock-plate through force of gravity; but it is better to use a spring to supplement or emphasize the action of gravity, and so a spring wire or strip 21 is looped or coiled through a hole in the rock-frame at the point of connection of spring 20 therewith, and one end is extended above the yoke-bar18, while the other is extended into spring 20. This provides a spring that bears against the yoke-bar 18 when the rock-frame is retracted,so as to insure the engagement of a pawl with an arm of the rockplate at the time an operative throw is given to the pawls, and that swings out of contact with the yoke during the back-and-forth travel of the pawls, so as to not interfere with their movements. The rock-plate 9 has an eX- tension over which the pawls travel, and such extension has raised sidewise projections 14L and 14;, which act to prevent the pawls from engaging the rock-plate arms inopportunely. The pawls are constructed as shown in Fig. 11, where a rest-finger is shown at 17, a drive or contact surface at 17", and a guard projection at 17. The finger rests on an arm of the rock-plate while the pawl is in action, the contact-surface bears against the arm to move it, and the guard projection extends downward on the inside of the pawl to engage the boss 1 1 of the rock-plate at certain times in the operation of the movement to cause the pawl to make a forward inoperative throw. The bosses or projections 14 and 14 give the pawls initial sidewise motion, and the plate is depressed from the bosses toward the arms to form grooves in which the guard projections of the pawls may move during the inactive forward motions of the pawls. The rock-plate is thrown in one direction by one pawl and in the other direction by the other pawl. The pawls move back and forth together; but one is idle while the other is working, and the reverse. In Fig. 8 pawl 16 has acted on arm 11 to give the rock-plate a swing in one direction, and pawl 17 is in position to act on arm 10 and reverse the swing of the rock-plate. At this juncture boss 14 is outside the guard projection of pawl 16, and when the rock-frame is moved forward the pawl 17 acts on arm 10, while pawl 16 is diverted inward by its guard projection hearing against the inner surface of boss 14, and the pawl 16 rides along the groove or depression of the plate entirely out of contact with arm 11. When the throw of pawl 17 is compieted, the spring 20 draws both pawls back to a preparatory position, the spring 21 bears on the yoke-bars to make it certain that the pawl 16 will drop behind arm 11, and the guard projection of pawl 17 is brought to rest inside boss 14.

In imparting motion to the rock-frame 15 through disk 22 one of the rods 25 or 26 acts in one of the slots, while the other is at rest. If the check-row wire is in the head on the right side of the planter, rod 26 pulls on the lower side of the disk to actuate the intermediate movement and through such movement the dropping mechanism, while rod 25 rests inactive on stop 24. (Shown in Fig. 9.) When the planter is turned and the wire shifted from one head to the other, the rod 25 is made to pull on the upper side of the disk, while rod 26 is inactive. In both these cases the operative throw is imparted by external force and the retractive movement is produced by the spring 20.

The check-row heads, one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 12, are horizontally swingable to direct the wire toward an automatic or planter-impelled reel and permit it'to be discharged around the check-rower, so as to plant while unreeling, and are adjustable to and from the intermediate movement to accommodate rods 25 and 26 and bring. the forked levers and the intermediate movement into proper correlation. Abar 28 is fastened to a'seedbox or some other convenient part of the planter, and it has an upturned end 30. An arm 29 is mounted slidably on bar'28. It has a head 35, and the head 35 is connected with the upturned end of the bar by an adjusting-bolt 31. The forked lever is connected pivotally with the head 35, and its relation to the disk of the intermediate movement is nicely adjusted by means of bolt 31, so as to conform to the length of the rod 26 and hold the parts in proper operative positions.

The check-row head comprises a principal bar 33 and an outer tilting bar 37, which is hinged to the main bar. The main bar has IIO a plate 32, which is provided with a pin 3 L,

adapted to engage any one of a set of holes 36 in head 35. The plate 32 and the main bar of the check-row head are secured to head 35 of arm 29 by means of a bolt concentric with head 35, and when the parts are fastened together the pin 34: engages one of the holes 36. Ordinarily the check-row head is held at right angles with arm 29; but when it is desired to plant while reeling up the wire onto a reel set alongside a planter wheel the check-row head is turned somewhat, as shown in Fig. 12, by loosening the securing-bolt, placing pin 34.- in the desired hole in head 35, and retightening the securing-bolt. This disarranges the relation of the forked lever to the intermediate movement, and to meet this condition the lever has a plurality of holes for rod 26, as shown in Fig. 13.

The forked lever is preferably composed of two members, one of which is loosely joined to the other to accommodate vibrations in the wire. It is of the bell-crank or L type, and it is so disposed with relation to the hitch-rod that the rod swings toward the pivot of the lever as the lever completes its throw. By this arrangement the greatest resistance to the swing of the lever is at the beginning of the swing, at which time the forks extend directly across the check-row wire, and the mechanical advantage of the lever increases as the lever swings to a knot-releasing position, therebyavoiding the danger of a knot slipping oif the lever before a throw is completed and a dropping operation performed.

A forked lever is composed of an arm &3, a bracket 45, and fingers id. The arm is pivoted in the check-row head at 48. It has an L extension 47, and its swinging end at is underhooked, as shown in Fig. 4:. The bracket a5 is loosely joined to arm 43, and it has a finger 45, that extends around the underhooking termination of the arm. The fingers A6 are fastenedfirmly to the bracket by means of a bolt; but the connection between bracket 45 and the arm 43 isloose enough to accommodate vibrations and bends in the check-row wire.

The check-row head has pulleys 39 on the relatively fixed part of its frame, and the tiltbar 37 carries pulleys 38. The tilt-bar has a finger a0, which engages a trip-plate all to hold pulleys 38 in operative position. A spring 42 tends to hold the trip-plate under finger 40, and the plate has a hole with which a line may be connected for the purpose-of releasing the finger and dumping the checkrow wire 49 when the end of the field is reached.

The second drop mechanism (illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2) consists of elements and pe culiarities as follows: A rock-shaft used to actuate the seed-disk ofa corn-hopper is shown at 69. A lever 67 is fulcrumed at 68 below the rock-shaft. An arm 70 extends downward from an end of rock-shaft 69, and a link 71 connects the swinging end of the arm with an end of lever 67. The lever is directly under the rock-shaft. The fulcrum of the lever is at right angles with the axis of the shaft, and the shaft completes a dropping action in the seed-disk at each side swing, its movements in both directions being operative. When the shaft is at rest, the arm 70 extends to one side or the other of a vertical line drawn from the center of the shaft, as shown in Fig. 3, and the end 72 of arm 67 is held raised by link 71. As the shaft is rocked to actuate the seed-disk the arm 70 travels from position a in Fig. 3 first to position b and then to position c, the two positions last named being shown in dotted lines. hen position b is reached, the end 72 of the lever is depressed, and when position 0 is reached it is raised again, so that a complete reciprocating mo vement is developed in the lever by a single side swing of arm 70. At the lower end of the shank 57 is a pin 61, and on such pin is pivoted a rock-valve 62. The rock-valve has a peripheral cup 63, in which corn is temporarily retained, and it also has an arc-formed shelf 64 in front of the cup. The rear wall of the cup terminates nearer the pivot of the valve than does the front wall, for a reason that will hereinafter appear. A rod 66 extends from end 72 of lever 67 and is connected with the rock-valve at 65, while a swinging valve 73 extends downward from the opposite end of the lever and closes against the rear side of thecup of valve 62. Apartition-wall 78 extends from the shelf 64 of the rock-valve upward to the seedbox, and'it forms the front wall of the corn-chute. The valve 73 forms the rear wall of the chute, shank 57 forms one of the side walls, and the other side wall is formed in part by a plate attached to bosses 74. and 75 and in part by the plate extension 76 on lever 67.

Corn is delivered to the second drop-valve in the usual manner, and it rests temporarily in the cup below and to the rear of the front wall thereof and in front of the lower end of the swinging valve 73. WVhen the rock-shaft 69 has moved one-half of a complete swing, the lever 67 is carried to the position shown in Fig. 2, the swinging lever is moved backward, and the cup of the rock-valve is tilted rearward and downward, discharging the corn forcibly in the direction indicated. When the rock-shaft has completed its movement, the parts have reassu med the positions shown in Fig. 1, corn has again been supplied to the seed-cup, and all is in readiness for another operation similar to that just described, except that the rock-shaft moves from c to a at its next operation. The rear Wall of the cup is much lower than the front wall thereof, and it does not extend so faraway from pin 61. This leaves the front wall standing well above the corn in position to strike it downward and backward with a force dependent on the speed at which the team is traveling. The swinging valve stands ordinarily in the path of the front wall of the corn-cup; but it moves out of such path at the beginning of a dropping operation and provides so much clearance as to make wedging of the corn impossible. (See Fig. 2.)

The furrow-openers are concaved disks set with their convex sides next the shanks and extended obliquely across the lines of travel. This brings the front parts of the disks approximately in line with the lines of travel, thus facilitating the preliminary cuts in the fu rrow-forming operations, and the rear parts of the concaved surfaces diverge outward to form rolling moldboards and to provide guardspaces in which the corn-delivering shanks are placed. The oblique disposal of the concaved disks also insures so much pressure of soil as to compel the disks to turn and displace the soil by rolling action, and in this respect alone the concaved disks are a considerable improvement over the flat disks used by me in the past to open furrows for IIO planters. The disks are journaled in chilled bushings 59, which are set into specially-prepared openings 58 in the shanks of the planter and which have laterally-extending lugs 60, through which securing-bolts extend. The bushings are tapered, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and the bolts thereof hold the bushings firmly in Whatever positions they may be given.

A shield or runner 55 is fastened to each shank in a manner to form with the convex surface of the rear part of a disk a continuation of the corn-delivering chute, and the front ends of the shields curve upward in close contiguity with the front parts of the disks and describe lines conforming to but not coinciding with the perimeter of the disks that is to say, the front edges of the shields are arcs of circles, or approximately so, and they begin in the rear of the front edges of the disk and extend to the lower edge thereof in lines of gradual convergence, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The effect of this ar rangement is to present edges to the convex surfaces of the disks, which edges engage the soil and other matter on such surfaces with a draw-cut action.

A disk furrow-opener with shield for cornplanter is subject to very different conditions from that of like devices used in a wheatdrill. In a corn-planter it requires that there shall be no dragging of tenacious material such as grass, roots, &c.because of the liability of displacing the seed from the hill or check position required in check-row planting. Therefore it is necessary that the moldboard or shield shall extend forward at its upper point to an intermediate point between the pivotal bearing of the disk and its front edge. This point should be far enough in advance so that the curved edge of the shield, inclined downward and backward, shall conform near enough to the circular movement of the surface of the disk which comes in contact with the edge of the shield so that the friction of the disk against the same shall facilitate in conducting all trashy material which may be brought between the disk and the shield down and out of the way freely without any liability to drag. The location of the point in front of the center of the disk to which the upper edge of the shield extends is governed materially by the curvature of the convex side of the disk, as the diagram in Fig. 14 of the drawings will explain, the

object being to keep the front end of the shield inside the line of travel and cleavature of the front edge of the disk.

For the concave sides of the disks I provide scrapers, as 52 in Fig. 4, connecting them with swingable arms 51, which are pivoted to the planter at 53, and extending rods 54. from the swingable arms or levers 56 in Fig. 7, accessible to the driver of the planter. These scrapers are adapted to engage the cutting parts of the disks on their concave sides, and they are applicable whenever needed.

The arched brace-bar 4 is connected with the shanks below the upper ends thereof. It extends forward and upward from the shanks to an extent to provide clearance, and it stays the shanks in all directions.

The doubletree 85 (shown in Figs. 1 and 7) is connected with the tongue by means of a swinginglink that carries the doubletree sidewise to neutralize the side draft of the markerbar, and the link is pivoted obliquely on or in the tongue, so that the end of the doubletree adjacent to the check-row wire is tilted upward to clear the wire when the markerbar pulls the doubletree sidewise. The link has an upward extension, on the lower part of which the doubletree is swung, and a hitch for the rope of the marker-bar is attached to the upper end of the extension well above the doubletree. The link 82 has a pivot extension 81, that extends downward and forward, and a swinging extension 83, that extends upward and forward. The pivot extension journals in a head 80 of casting 79, and it preferably penetrates the tongue to strengthen the bearing. The doubletree is carried by the swinging end of the link, preferably on a washer, as 86, and the extension 83 passes through the doubletree andforms a pivot therefrom. A hitchring 84 for the rope of a marker-bar is pivotally connected with the upper end of the extension 83, and such ring is away beyond the doubletree on a line drawn at right angles with the pivot extension 81 of the link. The oblique pivot of the link enables the marker-bar to gain leverage through the upward extension, so that the doubletree will respond more readily to side pull, and it also gives the doubletree the tilt hereinbefore mentioned to raise it out of the Way of the check-row wire. By carrying extension 83 upward rather than forward the leverage for the marker-bar is gained without getting in the way of the team, and the hitch for the rope of the marker-bar is held well above the doubletree.

When the check-row heads are turned, as shown in Fig. 12, the wire may be unreeled through the check-row head in front of the reel, carried across the planter to the other check-row head, and made to operate the forked lever of the head opposite the reel in the act of unreeling.

I claim 1. A furrow-former for planters comprising a concavo-convex disk journaled with its front parallel with the line of travel a part of the way back toward its pivot and then diverging from the line of travel, and a shield or guard on the convex side of the disk the front edge of which begins in front of the pivot of the disk at approximately the place of divergence of the disk from the line of travel and extends downward and backward to near the lower edge of the disk, substantially as described.

2. The combination with ashank and a furrow-opening disk journaled in the shank, of

a removable bushing for the disk and a lateral lug on the bushing having a bolt-hole by means of which the bushing is secured to the shank, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a second drop for planters, of a rocking valve having a seedcup in its periphery and a swinging valve resting normally against the rear side of the seed-cup and moving away therefrom as the cup is discharged, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a second drop for planters of a rocking valve having a seedcup in its periphery composed of an approximately horizontal sustaining-wall and an approxim ately vertical discharging-wall in front of the sustaining-wall, and a swinging valve forming the rear wall of the seed-cup and moving away therefrom as the cup is discharged, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a second drop for planters, of a rocking valve having a peripheral seed-cu p, a swinging valve normally resting against, the seed-cup and a lever connected from one end with the rocking valve and from the other end with the swinging valve, substantially as described.

6. The combination in a second drop for corn-planters,of a rock-shaft having an arm, a lever carrying a second drop-valve and a stiff link between the arm of the rock-shaft and the lever,substantially as described; whereby the valve is opened and closed by each swing of the arm.

7. In a second" drop movement for planters, the combination of a lever, a rock-valve connected with one end of the lever, and a swinging valve fixed on the opposite end of the lever and coacting with the rock-valve, substantially as described.

8. In an intermediate drop-actuating movement for planters, the combination of a horizontal rock-plate having lateral arms on opposite sides of its pivot and pawl-guideways on its upper surface, and a pair of simulta neously-moving alternately-operative pawls, the operative one of which engages an arm of the rock-plate while the inoperative one rides in its guideway out of contact with its arm, substantially asflesci'ibed.

9. In an intermediate drop-actuating movement for planters, the combination of a horizontal rock-plate having lateral arms on opposite sides of its pivot and pawl-guideways on its upper surface, a rock-frame carrying a pair of simultaneously-moving, alternatelyoperative pawls adapted to act on the arms of the rock-plate, and a yoke-bar holding the swinging ends of the pawls against independent sidewise movement, substantially as described.

10. In an intermediate drop-actuating movement for planters the combination of a horizontal rock-plate having lateral arms on opposite sides of its pivot and pawl-guideways on its upper surface, a rock-frame carrying a pair of simultaneously-moving alternatelyoperative pawls adapted to act on the arms of the rock-plate, a yoke-bar connecting the swinging ends of the pawls to prevent independent side swing therein anda spring pressing downward on the yoke when the pawls are retracted, substantially as described.

11. In an intermediate drop-actuating movem ent, the combination of a rock-plate, a rockframe carrying a pair of pawls adapted to alternately move the rock -plate, and a disk fixed on a pivot of the rock-frame and having a pair of arc-formed slots to receive ends of actuating-rods, substantially as described.

12. The combination with an intermediate drop-actuating movement for planters operated by rods connected with forked levers in a check-row head, of check-row heads carrying the forked levers and adjustable to and from the intermediate movement, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a check-row bar, or bracket, of a check-row head horizontally swingable on the bracket and means for holding the head in different positions, substantially as and for the purpose described.

l t. The combination with acheck-row bar or bracket, of a check-row head horizontally swingable on the head, means for holding the head in difierent positions and a forked lever in the head having a plurality of hitch-holes, substantially as and for the purpose described.

15. In aplanter, the combination of a forked lever to receive motion from a check-row wire and a rod to impart the motion to a drop movement, the rod being hitched to the lever on a line from the pivot forming an approximate right angle with the rod while the rod is at rest, whereby the mechanical advantage of the lever increases as the lever nears the end of its operative throw.

16. The combination in a planter of seedboxes, shanks therefor, a cross-bar connecting the boxes or shanks, a tongue fastened to the cross-bar and an arched brace-bar extending from one shank to the other and rising obliquely forward to the tongue, substantially as described.

17. A scraper for disks pivoted in the rear of its scraping edge on a pivot approximately parallel with such edge, whereby the scraper is given a drawing out when applied to the disk, substantially as described.

18. In a corn-planter, the combination of a draft-link having a stiff pivot-pin journaled in aforward and downward extended bearing, an upward and forward extension of the link carrying a marker-bar hitch at its upper end and a doubletree swung on the lower end of the upward extension, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I sign my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEO. D. HAWORTH.

Witnesses:

O. A. PATTISON, D. A. STRADER.

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