US3367753A - Mineral-coated, galvanized steel article - Google Patents
Mineral-coated, galvanized steel article Download PDFInfo
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- US3367753A US3367753A US465863A US46586365A US3367753A US 3367753 A US3367753 A US 3367753A US 465863 A US465863 A US 465863A US 46586365 A US46586365 A US 46586365A US 3367753 A US3367753 A US 3367753A
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- galvanized
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/265—After-treatment by applying solid particles to the molten coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
- Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12556—Organic component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steel-base galvanized article which is spangle-free on at least one surface, which is substantially devoid of iron-zinic intermetallic compounds at the interface between the zinc coating and the steel base of the article, and which is readily paintable with a top coating of oil-base, stearate-containing paint without forming flake-causing zinc stearates between the zinc layer and the stearate-containing coating of paint.
- galvanized steel articles such as galvanized steel strip or sheet having a pair of opposed surfaces, usually exhibit a spangled or frosty surface appearance. It is oftentimes desired to paint at least one of the two opposed surfaces of a galvanized steel article; and, in order to obtain a more adherent coating of paint, it is desirable that the galvanized steel article be free of spangles on the surface to be painted.
- a heat treatment eliminates spangles on both surfaces of the galvanized article undergoing heat treatment so that it is not possible to thus produce an article which would be spangle-free on one side and spangled on the other; and this type of article is oftentimes desired.
- a paint having a stearate base consists essentially of the stearate base plus pigment.
- Each of the individual particles of finely divided mineral mate rial would be a nucleus for spangle formation, but the individual particles are applied so closely together that none of the nuclei has a chance to grow, thereby eliminating the appearance of spangles.
- the resulting appearance is a smooth, spangle-free, usually gray surface on the zinc coating.
- the layer of fine, particulate mineral material may be applied to one or both of the two opposed surfaces of the galvanized steel article; and, in the former case, the galvanized article would have spangles on one side but not on the other. In either case, both surfaces are also substantially devoid of iron-zinc intermetallic compounds, a situation not obtained when spangles are eliminated by subjecting the galvanized article to a heat treatment.
- Galvanized strip is generally produced on a continuous line; and, when this line contains a heat treating portion for elimination of spangles, the operation of the line is oftentimes slowed.
- the slow-down is caused by moving the strip through the heat treating furnace relatively slowly so as to subject the strip to the amount of heating required to avoid spangles.
- the alternative to a slow-down is a relatively long furnace, but this increases equipment costs substantially.
- the surface of the galvanized article being free of spangles, is readily paintable with all kinds of paint. If the paint has a stearate base, the stearates in the paint cannot react with the zinc in the galvanized coating because the layer of fine, particulate mineral material covering the zinc coating acts as a barrier and prevents the formation of zinc stearates. This minimizes fiaking of paint from the painted article.
- the present invention also eliminates the necessity of subjecting the galvanized article to a bonderizing treatment preparatory to painting.
- Bonderizing is a treatment in which a galvanized surface is prepared for painting by treating the surface with a phosphate solution to form a smooth, thin film, composed largely of zinc phosphate, on the surface of the galvanized article.
- FIGURE 1 i a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method, in accordance with the present invention, for producing a paint-adherent, galvanized article in accordance with the present invention
- FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an article in accordance with the present invention.
- a steel strip 10 moves downwardly through a chute 11 extending below the sun face 15 of a molten bath 13 of metal consisting essentially of zinc. Bath 13 is contained within a vat 12.
- Steel strip 10 passes under a roller 14, near the bottom of vat 12, moves upwardly above the surface 15 of bath 13, passes over a roller 16, and then moves in a horizontal direction to a coiling or shearing station (not shown) or to such other operations or treatments as may be desired.
- both surfaces of the steel strip are coated with zinc.
- the zinc coating generally solidifies below roller 16, in a space having lower and upper limits delineated by the two dashdot lines 17, 18. Everything described up to this point, with reference to FIGURE 1, is conventional.
- the zinc coating before the zinc coating solidifies, it is covered with a layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material.
- the mineral material is applied to the zinc coating by nozzles 19, 20, each located on a respective opposite side of the galvanized strip 10, below the solidification zone 1748.
- Each nozzle 19, 20 is connected by a respective line 21, 22, having a respective shut-off valve 23, 24, to a common line 25 communicating with blower means 26 for providing an air blast through lines 25, 21 and 22.
- the finely divided, particulate mineral material 32 is stored in a hopper 28 and enters line 25 through a feed conduit 27 extending between hopper 28 and line 25.
- valve 23 When valve 23 is open, the mineral material is applied to the zinc'surface coating 31 most closely adjacent nozzle 19; and when valve 23 is closed, surface 31 is free of finely divided, particulate mineral material. The same is true for the zinc surface coating 30 passing most closely adjacent nozzle 20. The application of finely divided, particulate mineral material to coating 30 depends upon whether valve 24 is open or closed.
- Article 29 illustrated in FIGURE 2 is produced when valve 23 is closed, and valve 24 isopen.
- Article 29 includes a steel base 10 having a pair of opposite sides 40, 41; and each side is covered by a metallic coating 30, 31, respectively, with said coating consisting essentially of zinc.
- Uniformly distributed on and covering zinc coating 30 is an adherent layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material 32.
- the interfaces between steel base 10 and metallic coatings 30, 31 are substantially devoid of iron-zinc intermetallic compounds, as are coatings 30, 31; and metallic coating 30 is devoid of observable spangles.
- thermomechanical bond The bond resulting from application of the particles under the conditions described in the preceding sentence is hereinafter called a thermomechanical bond.
- Steel base 10 may have any of the compositions conventionally used for the steel base of galvanized articles.
- Molten bath 13 consists essentially of zinc and may also contain traces of aluminum and/or other elements conventionally added to baths of molten galvanizing material.
- compositions which may be used as the mineral material are dolomite (CaCO .MgCo alumina (A1 kyanite (A1 O .SiO mullite (2SiO .3A1 O iron oxide dust from conventional blast furnace or basic oxygen converter operations, silica (SiO and lime (CaO).
- dolomite CaCO .MgCo alumina
- A1 kyanite A1 O .SiO mullite (2SiO .3A1 O iron oxide dust from conventional blast furnace or basic oxygen converter operations
- silica SiO and lime (CaO).
- the fine particles of mineral material should be uniformly distributed on the zinc coating in a quantity sulficient to prevent formation of observable spangles.
- the amount of mineral material to be applied may be determined visually. If visible spangle growth occurs, this is an indication that insufficient mineral material has been applied. Generally, it is sufficient to apply the mineral material in an amount which completely covers the zinc coating. Typically, Portland cement in an amount between 0.352 and 0.00352 ounce per square foot of galvanized surface may be applied.
- the amount of mineral material to be applied is independent of the thickness of the zinc coating and independent of the thickness of the steel base.
- a galvanized steel article capable of being coated with a stearate-base paint, said article comprising:
- a metallic coating consisting essentially of zinc, covering at least one of said sides;
- said finely divided, particulate mineral material is Portland cement
- said layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material is evenly distributed on said metallic coating in an amount between 0.00352 and 0.352 ounce per square foot of metallic coating.
- thermo-mechanically bonded particles are spaced so closely together that the metallic coating is devoid of observable spangles.
- said article being substantially devoid of zinc-stearate compounds between the metallic coating and the coating of paint.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Description
Feb. 6, 1968 E. T. SCHWENDEMANN 3,367,753
MINERAL-COATED, GALVANIZED STEEL ARTICLE Filed June 22, 1965 United States Patent Ofiice 3,367,753 Patented Feb. 6, 1968 3,367,753 MINERAL-COATED, GALVANIZED STEEL ARTICLE Edward T. Schwendemann, Highland, Ind., assignor to Inland Steel Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Filed June 22, 1965, Ser. No. 465,863 7 Claims. (Cl. 29195) The present invention relates generally to steel-base galvanized articles produced by a hot-dip process. More particularly the invention relates to a steel-base galvanized article which is spangle-free on at least one surface, which is substantially devoid of iron-zinic intermetallic compounds at the interface between the zinc coating and the steel base of the article, and which is readily paintable with a top coating of oil-base, stearate-containing paint without forming flake-causing zinc stearates between the zinc layer and the stearate-containing coating of paint.
Conventional galvanized steel articles, such as galvanized steel strip or sheet having a pair of opposed surfaces, usually exhibit a spangled or frosty surface appearance. It is oftentimes desired to paint at least one of the two opposed surfaces of a galvanized steel article; and, in order to obtain a more adherent coating of paint, it is desirable that the galvanized steel article be free of spangles on the surface to be painted.
Certain conventional methods heretofore used for eliminating spangle have drawbacks in that such methods have required subjecting the galvanized steel article to a heat treatment which also causes the formation of ironzinc intermetallic compounds at the interface between the steel base and the zinc coating and in the zinc coating itself. These iron-zinc intermetallic compounds are relatively brittle compared to the steel base or zinc coating, and are thus undesirable.
Moreover, a heat treatment eliminates spangles on both surfaces of the galvanized article undergoing heat treatment so that it is not possible to thus produce an article which would be spangle-free on one side and spangled on the other; and this type of article is oftentimes desired.
When the zinc coating on a conventional galvanized steel article is covered with a layer of paint having a stearate base, the stearates in the paint react with the zinc, forming zinc stearates which are soaps and which produce a plane of weakness between the zinc coating and the paint layer; and this causes the paint to flake off the galvanized steel article. A paint having a stearate base consists essentially of the stearate base plus pigment.
All of the above-mentioned drawbacks, arising with conventional galvanized steel articles, are eliminated in accordance with the present invention by subjecting the galvanized steel article to a treatment, immediately after the steel base is coated with molten zinc and before the zinc has solidified, in which treatment a layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material is unifor'inly distributed across the top of the zinc coating to cover the coating. The particulate mineral material forms an adherent layer on the zinc coating and prevents the formation of spangles on the surface of the zinc coating. Each of the individual particles of finely divided mineral mate rial would be a nucleus for spangle formation, but the individual particles are applied so closely together that none of the nuclei has a chance to grow, thereby eliminating the appearance of spangles. The resulting appearance is a smooth, spangle-free, usually gray surface on the zinc coating.
The layer of fine, particulate mineral material may be applied to one or both of the two opposed surfaces of the galvanized steel article; and, in the former case, the galvanized article would have spangles on one side but not on the other. In either case, both surfaces are also substantially devoid of iron-zinc intermetallic compounds, a situation not obtained when spangles are eliminated by subjecting the galvanized article to a heat treatment.
Galvanized strip is generally produced on a continuous line; and, when this line contains a heat treating portion for elimination of spangles, the operation of the line is oftentimes slowed. The slow-down is caused by moving the strip through the heat treating furnace relatively slowly so as to subject the strip to the amount of heating required to avoid spangles. The alternative to a slow-down is a relatively long furnace, but this increases equipment costs substantially.
Because no heat treatment is required with the method of the present invention, there is neither a slow-down nor a need to provide costly furnaces in the galvanizing line in order to avoid spangles. I
The surface of the galvanized article, being free of spangles, is readily paintable with all kinds of paint. If the paint has a stearate base, the stearates in the paint cannot react with the zinc in the galvanized coating because the layer of fine, particulate mineral material covering the zinc coating acts as a barrier and prevents the formation of zinc stearates. This minimizes fiaking of paint from the painted article.
The present invention also eliminates the necessity of subjecting the galvanized article to a bonderizing treatment preparatory to painting. Bonderizing is a treatment in which a galvanized surface is prepared for painting by treating the surface with a phosphate solution to form a smooth, thin film, composed largely of zinc phosphate, on the surface of the galvanized article.
Other features and advantages are inherent in the article and method claimed and disclosed, or will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying diagrammatic drawings wherein:
FIGURE 1 i a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method, in accordance with the present invention, for producing a paint-adherent, galvanized article in accordance with the present invention; and
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an article in accordance with the present invention.
Referring initially to FIGURE 1, a steel strip 10 moves downwardly through a chute 11 extending below the sun face 15 of a molten bath 13 of metal consisting essentially of zinc. Bath 13 is contained within a vat 12. Steel strip 10 passes under a roller 14, near the bottom of vat 12, moves upwardly above the surface 15 of bath 13, passes over a roller 16, and then moves in a horizontal direction to a coiling or shearing station (not shown) or to such other operations or treatments as may be desired.
As the steel strip 10 passes through molten bath 13, both surfaces of the steel strip are coated with zinc. The zinc coating generally solidifies below roller 16, in a space having lower and upper limits delineated by the two dashdot lines 17, 18. Everything described up to this point, with reference to FIGURE 1, is conventional.
In accordance with the present invention, before the zinc coating solidifies, it is covered with a layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material. In a typical embodiment, the mineral material is applied to the zinc coating by nozzles 19, 20, each located on a respective opposite side of the galvanized strip 10, below the solidification zone 1748.
Each nozzle 19, 20 is connected by a respective line 21, 22, having a respective shut-off valve 23, 24, to a common line 25 communicating with blower means 26 for providing an air blast through lines 25, 21 and 22. The finely divided, particulate mineral material 32 is stored in a hopper 28 and enters line 25 through a feed conduit 27 extending between hopper 28 and line 25.
When valve 23 is open, the mineral material is applied to the zinc'surface coating 31 most closely adjacent nozzle 19; and when valve 23 is closed, surface 31 is free of finely divided, particulate mineral material. The same is true for the zinc surface coating 30 passing most closely adjacent nozzle 20. The application of finely divided, particulate mineral material to coating 30 depends upon whether valve 24 is open or closed.
The article 29 illustrated in FIGURE 2 is produced when valve 23 is closed, and valve 24 isopen. Article 29 includes a steel base 10 having a pair of opposite sides 40, 41; and each side is covered by a metallic coating 30, 31, respectively, with said coating consisting essentially of zinc.
Uniformly distributed on and covering zinc coating 30 is an adherent layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material 32.
The interfaces between steel base 10 and metallic coatings 30, 31 are substantially devoid of iron-zinc intermetallic compounds, as are coatings 30, 31; and metallic coating 30 is devoid of observable spangles.
Because zinc coating 30 is not fully solidified at the time the particles of mineral material 32 are applied thereto by nozzles 19, 20, coating 30 is in a tacky condition to which the particles of mineral material readily adhere, thereby preventing the particles from dropping into molten zinc bath 13 during application of the mineral material. The bond resulting from application of the particles under the conditions described in the preceding sentence is hereinafter called a thermomechanical bond.
Among the compositions of mineral material which may be utilized in accordance with the present invention, conventional Portland cement has been found to be very satisfactory. Hackhs Chemical Dictionary, Third edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1944, defines Portland cement as a fine, gray powder, probably containing 3CaO.SiO 3CaO.Al O and 2CaO.SiO and having a particle size of 200 mesh.
Other examples of compositions which may be used as the mineral material are dolomite (CaCO .MgCo alumina (A1 kyanite (A1 O .SiO mullite (2SiO .3A1 O iron oxide dust from conventional blast furnace or basic oxygen converter operations, silica (SiO and lime (CaO).
The fine particles of mineral material should be uniformly distributed on the zinc coating in a quantity sulficient to prevent formation of observable spangles. The amount of mineral material to be applied may be determined visually. If visible spangle growth occurs, this is an indication that insufficient mineral material has been applied. Generally, it is sufficient to apply the mineral material in an amount which completely covers the zinc coating. Typically, Portland cement in an amount between 0.352 and 0.00352 ounce per square foot of galvanized surface may be applied. The amount of mineral material to be applied is independent of the thickness of the zinc coating and independent of the thickness of the steel base.
From the standpoint of particle size, 200 mesh has been found to be satisfactory; and the particle size should, preferably, not exceed mesh.
The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, as modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art.
What is claimed is:
1. A galvanized steel article capable of being coated with a stearate-base paint, said article comprising:
a steel base having a pair of opposed sides;
a metallic coating, consisting essentially of zinc, covering at least one of said sides;
and an adherent layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material wherein each particle is embedded and thermo-mechanically bonded on said metallic coating and completely covering said coating to provide a barrier against the formation of zinc-stearate compounds on the metallic coating.
2. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 1 wherein: i
said finely divided, particulate mineral material is Portland cement; and
said layer of finely divided, particulate mineral material is evenly distributed on said metallic coating in an amount between 0.00352 and 0.352 ounce per square foot of metallic coating.
3. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 1 wherein said mineral material has a particle size no greater than 170 mesh. 1
4. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 1 wherein said thermo-mechanically bonded particles are spaced so closely together that the metallic coating is devoid of observable spangles.
5. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 4 and comprising a spangled, metallic coating, consisting essentially of zinc, on the other side of said steel base.
6. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 1 and comprising:
a coating of paint covering said layer of mineral material; said paint consisting essentially of a stearate base plus pigment;
said article being substantially devoid of zinc-stearate compounds between the metallic coating and the coating of paint.
' 7. A galvanized steel article as recited in claim 1 wherein said mineral material is selected from the group consisting essentially of Portland cement, dolomite, alumina, kyanite, mullite, iron oxide dust, silica and lime.
References Cited UNITED STATESPATENTS 1,268,987 6/1918 McMullen 29196.5 X 1,984,335 12/1934 Crapo 29-1965 X 2,121,574 6/1938 Romig 29196.5 X 2,231,967 2/1941 Tainton 29-l96.5 X 2,724,177 11/1955 Colfman 29196.5 X 2,994,126 8/1965 Kennedy 29-19615 X 3,056,694 10/1962 Mehler 29-1965 'X 3,155,530 11/1964 Schnedlev 29l95 HYLAND BIZOT, Primary Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A GALVANIZED STEEL ARTICLE CAPABLE OF BEING COATED WITH A SEARATE-BASE PAINT, SAID ARTICLE COMPRISING: A STEEL BASE HAVING A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDES; A METALLIC COATING, CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ZINC, COVERING AT LEAST ONE OF SAID SIDES; AND AN ADHERENT LAYER OF FINELY DIVIDED, PARTICULATE MINERAL MATERIAL WHEREIN EACH PARTICLE IS EMBEDDED AND THERMO-MECHANICALLY BONDED ON SAID METALLIC COATING AND COMPLETELY COVERING SAID COATING TO PROVIDE A BARRIER AGAINST THE FORMATION OF ZINC-STEARATE COMPOUNDS ON THE METALLIC COATING.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US465863A US3367753A (en) | 1965-06-22 | 1965-06-22 | Mineral-coated, galvanized steel article |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US465863A US3367753A (en) | 1965-06-22 | 1965-06-22 | Mineral-coated, galvanized steel article |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3367753A true US3367753A (en) | 1968-02-06 |
Family
ID=23849483
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US465863A Expired - Lifetime US3367753A (en) | 1965-06-22 | 1965-06-22 | Mineral-coated, galvanized steel article |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3367753A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2812370A1 (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-10-19 | Heurtey Metallurgie | DEVICE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF GALVANIZED SHEET METALS |
| DE3212508A1 (en) * | 1982-04-03 | 1983-10-13 | Thyssen AG vorm. August Thyssen-Hütte, 4100 Duisburg | Process for coating the surface of a metal object |
| FR2641547A1 (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1990-07-13 | Maubeuge Fer | High-protection painted galvanised product |
| US20070003778A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Isg Technologies Inc. | Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product |
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| US1268987A (en) * | 1918-02-11 | 1918-06-11 | Simmons Co | Metal coating. |
| US1984335A (en) * | 1931-08-12 | 1934-12-11 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company | Metal coated ferrous article and process of making it |
| US2121574A (en) * | 1936-11-30 | 1938-06-21 | American Chem Paint Co | Art of coating zinc |
| US2231967A (en) * | 1937-04-24 | 1941-02-18 | Tainton Urlyn Clifton | Zinc coated article |
| US2724177A (en) * | 1950-09-09 | 1955-11-22 | Robertson Co H H | Method of making a protected metal article |
| US2994126A (en) * | 1957-10-29 | 1961-08-01 | Porter Co Inc H K | Ferrous metal body with alloyed zinc coating |
| US3056694A (en) * | 1958-07-11 | 1962-10-02 | Inland Steel Co | Galvanizing process |
| US3155530A (en) * | 1959-05-25 | 1964-11-03 | Armco Steel Corp | Process for producing protected metal surfaces |
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1268987A (en) * | 1918-02-11 | 1918-06-11 | Simmons Co | Metal coating. |
| US1984335A (en) * | 1931-08-12 | 1934-12-11 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company | Metal coated ferrous article and process of making it |
| US2121574A (en) * | 1936-11-30 | 1938-06-21 | American Chem Paint Co | Art of coating zinc |
| US2231967A (en) * | 1937-04-24 | 1941-02-18 | Tainton Urlyn Clifton | Zinc coated article |
| US2724177A (en) * | 1950-09-09 | 1955-11-22 | Robertson Co H H | Method of making a protected metal article |
| US2994126A (en) * | 1957-10-29 | 1961-08-01 | Porter Co Inc H K | Ferrous metal body with alloyed zinc coating |
| US3056694A (en) * | 1958-07-11 | 1962-10-02 | Inland Steel Co | Galvanizing process |
| US3155530A (en) * | 1959-05-25 | 1964-11-03 | Armco Steel Corp | Process for producing protected metal surfaces |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2812370A1 (en) * | 1977-04-11 | 1978-10-19 | Heurtey Metallurgie | DEVICE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF GALVANIZED SHEET METALS |
| DE3212508A1 (en) * | 1982-04-03 | 1983-10-13 | Thyssen AG vorm. August Thyssen-Hütte, 4100 Duisburg | Process for coating the surface of a metal object |
| FR2641547A1 (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1990-07-13 | Maubeuge Fer | High-protection painted galvanised product |
| US20070003778A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Isg Technologies Inc. | Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product |
| US7413769B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-08-19 | Mcdevitt Erin T | Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product |
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