US2369596A - Process for treating steel for drawing - Google Patents
Process for treating steel for drawing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2369596A US2369596A US509118A US50911843A US2369596A US 2369596 A US2369596 A US 2369596A US 509118 A US509118 A US 509118A US 50911843 A US50911843 A US 50911843A US 2369596 A US2369596 A US 2369596A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- coating
- oxide
- die
- iron oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 24
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
- B21C9/02—Selection of compositions therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
Definitions
- iron oxde, F6304 is left on the steel.
- This invention relates to improvements in a process for treating steel preliminary to a drawing operation in a die. 7
- An object of the present invention is to prepare steel for drawing without removing the scale which is formed thereon during ,the hot processes of manufacture which precede the cold drawing process.
- Another object of the present invention is to prepare steel for drawing by the step by hydrating the metal oxide coating left on the steel by preceding hot processingsteps.
- the conventional method of drawing steel wire begins with hot rolled rods which retain a coating of magnetic iron oxide. This coating of oxide or scale is removed by some suitable-method such as pickling in .acid or mechanical removal by shot blasting or bending the rod.
- the next step is to coat the clean rod with lime or similar material, after which it is baked in an oven and the rod or wire is then ready to be drawn througir a die using any of the suitable and customary lubricants just ahead of the entrance of the wire or rod into the die.
- the scale or magnetic introduce a new step which consists of changing the scale or iron oxide to the hydrated form by bringing the scaled surface into intimate contact with a heated solution of a water soluble alkali. Wire so treated may be drawn cold through a die in the usual manner with satisfactory results.
- steel tubing which is conventionally cleaned of scale before drawing may be drawn with the scale on if the scale is first hydrated by the process step here disclosed.
- Sheet steel to be pressed or drawn to form using male and female dies need not be cleaned, as is customarily done, but instead the scale "on the sheet steel may be hydrated by my improved in atank or vat where it may be heated.
- This to alkaline solution is preferably heated to approximately 160 F. or higher and the steel is immersed in the. heated solution for a period of several minutes, say of the order of five minutes.
- Another manner of carrying out my invention is to pass the heated steel into contact with the solution, which need not necessarily be preheated but which will become heated in contact with the hot steel.
- the time of contact with the solution need only be of the order of a few seconds, say approximately fifteen seconds or longer.
- the heated steel should be at a temper ature of approximately 600 F. or higher at the moment of contact with the alkalinesolution.
- the alkalies or salts used in making up the above mentioned treating solution may consist or potassium, or also trisodium ,phosphatezor borax- These materials may be used combined in almost any proportion or any one of them may go be used-separately to make up the solution, This I then 80 group of materials includes NaOH K260:
- the lime coating is, however, allowed to dry and the rod or wire is then ready to be cold drawn by standard processes, that is, by pulling the filament through adie with suitable lubricants.
- Wire may be drawn by my improved process, as above described, through more than the usual number of standard die reductions without method which thus produces a coating which acts scratching and without any bad effect on the product ultimately produced.
- the wire If the wire is not drawn through too many proved process, it will retain a shiny black surface coating and will have considerably more resistance to oxidation and'corrosion than wire treated by the'usual known processes.
- the coating left on the wire by my hydratin; step aids inlubricating the wire during subsequent-drawing and fabrication.
- the heated solution might be sprayed on may be die drawn without first removing the of the hydrates, carbonates or silicates of sodium passes after being treated as above by my imscale, it the latter is hydrated in the manner set forth in the preceding paragraphs.
- my invention emb aces any process step wherein iron oxide scale on steel is brought into contact with a water soluble alkali under such conditions that the molecular activity is suflicient to hydrate the oxide. I believe the product thus formed on the surface of the steel is not a chemically hydrated oxide but is rather a mechanical or physical hydration analogo' s to water of crystallization.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Description
iron oxde, F6304, is left on the steel.
Patented Feb. 13, 19451 gorrica PROCESS FOR TREATING STEEL FOR DRAWING John-E. Millen, Cleveland, Ohio No Drawing.
Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in a process for treating steel preliminary to a drawing operation in a die. 7
An object of the present invention is to prepare steel for drawing without removing the scale which is formed thereon during ,the hot processes of manufacture which precede the cold drawing process.
Another object of the present invention is to prepare steel for drawing by the step by hydrating the metal oxide coating left on the steel by preceding hot processingsteps.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent as the description proceeds and the essential features thereof will be summarized in the appended claims.
The conventional method of drawing steel wire begins with hot rolled rods which retain a coating of magnetic iron oxide. This coating of oxide or scale is removed by some suitable-method such as pickling in .acid or mechanical removal by shot blasting or bending the rod. The next step is to coat the clean rod with lime or similar material, after which it is baked in an oven and the rod or wire is then ready to be drawn througir a die using any of the suitable and customary lubricants just ahead of the entrance of the wire or rod into the die.
In my improved method the scale or magnetic introduce a new step which consists of changing the scale or iron oxide to the hydrated form by bringing the scaled surface into intimate contact with a heated solution of a water soluble alkali. Wire so treated may be drawn cold through a die in the usual manner with satisfactory results.
In a similar manner steel tubing which is conventionally cleaned of scale before drawing may be drawn with the scale on if the scale is first hydrated by the process step here disclosed.
Sheet steel to be pressed or drawn to form using male and female dies need not be cleaned, as is customarily done, but instead the scale "on the sheet steel may be hydrated by my improved in atank or vat where it may be heated. This to alkaline solution is preferably heated to approximately 160 F. or higher and the steel is immersed in the. heated solution for a period of several minutes, say of the order of five minutes.
Application November 5, 1943, Serial No. 509,118
on the steel for a sufiicient length of time, but I find immersion in a tank is simpler.
Another manner of carrying out my invention is to pass the heated steel into contact with the solution, which need not necessarily be preheated but which will become heated in contact with the hot steel. -.In this method of carrying out my invention the time of contact with the solution need only be of the order of a few seconds, say approximately fifteen seconds or longer. In thiscase the heated steel should be at a temper ature of approximately 600 F. or higher at the moment of contact with the alkalinesolution.
The alkalies or salts used in making up the above mentioned treating solution may consist or potassium, or also trisodium ,phosphatezor borax- These materials may be used combined in almost any proportion or any one of them may go be used-separately to make up the solution, This I then 80 group of materials includes NaOH K260:
' KOH KaSiO: I NazCOa NaaPOs NaaSiOs Na:B401
material is then given the conventional lightcoating of lime. In my new process it isvnot necessary to bake the lime coating in an oven as in prior processes although this will do no harm.
The lime coating is, however, allowed to dry and the rod or wire is then ready to be cold drawn by standard processes, that is, by pulling the filament through adie with suitable lubricants. Wire may be drawn by my improved process, as above described, through more than the usual number of standard die reductions without method which thus produces a coating which acts scratching and without any bad effect on the product ultimately produced.
If the wire is not drawn through too many proved process, it will retain a shiny black surface coating and will have considerably more resistance to oxidation and'corrosion than wire treated by the'usual known processes. In addition, the coating left on the wire by my hydratin; step aids inlubricating the wire during subsequent-drawing and fabrication.
Steel in other forms such as sheets or tubing Obviously. the heated solution might be sprayed on may be die drawn without first removing the of the hydrates, carbonates or silicates of sodium passes after being treated as above by my imscale, it the latter is hydrated in the manner set forth in the preceding paragraphs. It will be understood that my invention emb aces any process step wherein iron oxide scale on steel is brought into contact with a water soluble alkali under such conditions that the molecular activity is suflicient to hydrate the oxide. I believe the product thus formed on the surface of the steel is not a chemically hydrated oxide but is rather a mechanical or physical hydration analogo' s to water of crystallization.
Wha I claim is:
1. 'IJXG method of treating for drawing, steel havin a manufacturer's coating of magnetic iron oxide, consisting of the steps of hydrating the iron oxide, keeping the oxide coating intact gin the steel while drying, lime coating and dry- 2. The method of treating for drawing, steel having a manufacturers coating of magnetic iron oxide, consisting of the steps of hydrating the iron oxide, keeping the oxide coating intact on the steel while drying, lime coating and drying at room temperature.
3. The method of drawing steel having a coating of magnetic iron oxidecomprlsing the step of hydrating the iron oxide, keeping the coating intact on the steel, followed by a drawing operaion.
4. In the. cold drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with magnetic iron oxide, the-step of bringing the coated surface into intimate contact with a solution of a water soluble alkali in the presence of heat sufllcient to hydrate the oxide, keeping the coating intact on the steel, followed by a drawing operation.
to hydrate the oxide, keeping the coating intact on the steel, followed by a drawing operation.
, 6. In the cold drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with magnetic iron oxide, the step of bringingthe coated surface intointimate contact with a solution of one or more water soluble alkalies elected from the group; sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium silicate, trisodium phosphate, borax, in the presence of heat sufficient to hydrate the oxide,
, keeping the coating intact on the steel, followed 5. In the cold drawing by means of a die, of
steel coated with magnetic iron oxide, the step of bringing the coated surface into intimate contact with a solution of a combination of water soluble alkalies in the presence of heat sufllcient by a drawing operation.
7. In the treatment for cold drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with iron magnetic oxide, the method step of immersing the coated surface in a solutionof a water soluble alkali heated to approximately 160 F. or higher, keeping the magnetic iron oxide coating intact on the steel, followed by a drawing operation.
8. In the treatment for cold drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with iron magnetic oxide,
' the method step of immersing the coated surface in a solution of a water soluble alkali heated to approximately 160F. or higher for a period of at least a few minutes, keeping the magnetic iron.
oxide coating intact on the steel, followed by a drawing operation.
9. In the treatment for cold'drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with iron oxide, the method steps of heating the steel to approximately 600 F. or higher and then bringing the coated surface into contact with" a water soluble alkali.
10. In the treatment for cold drawing by means of a die, of steel coated with iron oxide, the method steps of heating the steel to approximately 600 F. or higher and then bringing the coated 1 surface into contact with a water soluble alkali fill a period Of several seconds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US509118A US2369596A (en) | 1943-11-05 | 1943-11-05 | Process for treating steel for drawing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US509118A US2369596A (en) | 1943-11-05 | 1943-11-05 | Process for treating steel for drawing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2369596A true US2369596A (en) | 1945-02-13 |
Family
ID=24025335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US509118A Expired - Lifetime US2369596A (en) | 1943-11-05 | 1943-11-05 | Process for treating steel for drawing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2369596A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2479979A (en) * | 1945-07-25 | 1949-08-23 | Hooker Electrochemical Co | Processes for treating ferrous metals before drawing through dies |
| US2519127A (en) * | 1945-04-23 | 1950-08-15 | American Steel & Wire Co | Method of drawing stainless steel wire |
| US2653882A (en) * | 1951-03-10 | 1953-09-29 | Shell Dev | Cleaning and inhibiting corrosion of metal tanks of ships |
| US2709516A (en) * | 1950-07-29 | 1955-05-31 | Harold L Trembicki | Drawing compound and method |
| DE1003678B (en) * | 1952-07-15 | 1957-03-07 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Methods of treating in a reducing atmosphere, e.g. with 850 to 950 annealed, elongated objects made of steel, e.g. Pipes for cold drawing and wetting agents to carry out the process |
| US2831782A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1958-04-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Lubricants for coating and working light metals |
| DE976070C (en) * | 1951-10-26 | 1963-02-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for preparing metallic semi-finished products for non-cutting deformation, especially cold deformation |
| US3081524A (en) * | 1957-05-17 | 1963-03-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Scale breaking apparatus for drawn wire |
| US3262293A (en) * | 1964-05-25 | 1966-07-26 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Method of manufacturing wire |
| US4292095A (en) * | 1978-12-20 | 1981-09-29 | The Continental Group, Inc. | Process for hydrophilization of metal surfaces and/or metal oxide surfaces |
| US20050055820A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Nowaczyk Michael R. | Bead-blasting a metal surface intended for use as a medical device enclosure |
-
1943
- 1943-11-05 US US509118A patent/US2369596A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2519127A (en) * | 1945-04-23 | 1950-08-15 | American Steel & Wire Co | Method of drawing stainless steel wire |
| US2479979A (en) * | 1945-07-25 | 1949-08-23 | Hooker Electrochemical Co | Processes for treating ferrous metals before drawing through dies |
| US2709516A (en) * | 1950-07-29 | 1955-05-31 | Harold L Trembicki | Drawing compound and method |
| US2653882A (en) * | 1951-03-10 | 1953-09-29 | Shell Dev | Cleaning and inhibiting corrosion of metal tanks of ships |
| DE976070C (en) * | 1951-10-26 | 1963-02-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for preparing metallic semi-finished products for non-cutting deformation, especially cold deformation |
| DE1003678B (en) * | 1952-07-15 | 1957-03-07 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Methods of treating in a reducing atmosphere, e.g. with 850 to 950 annealed, elongated objects made of steel, e.g. Pipes for cold drawing and wetting agents to carry out the process |
| US2831782A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1958-04-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Lubricants for coating and working light metals |
| US3081524A (en) * | 1957-05-17 | 1963-03-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Scale breaking apparatus for drawn wire |
| US3262293A (en) * | 1964-05-25 | 1966-07-26 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Method of manufacturing wire |
| US4292095A (en) * | 1978-12-20 | 1981-09-29 | The Continental Group, Inc. | Process for hydrophilization of metal surfaces and/or metal oxide surfaces |
| US20050055820A1 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-03-17 | Nowaczyk Michael R. | Bead-blasting a metal surface intended for use as a medical device enclosure |
| US7168142B2 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2007-01-30 | Greatbatch-Globe Tool, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a shaped titanium article |
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