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US20130137051A1 - Burner and method for partially oxidizing liquid, carbon-containing fuel - Google Patents

Burner and method for partially oxidizing liquid, carbon-containing fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130137051A1
US20130137051A1 US13/639,938 US201113639938A US2013137051A1 US 20130137051 A1 US20130137051 A1 US 20130137051A1 US 201113639938 A US201113639938 A US 201113639938A US 2013137051 A1 US2013137051 A1 US 2013137051A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
burner
combustion chamber
coating
burner according
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/639,938
Inventor
Christoph BEYER
Lothar Brehm
Holger Schlichting
Guenter Heinz
Dieter Ulber
Jürgen Bohle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Lurgi GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lurgi GmbH filed Critical Lurgi GmbH
Assigned to LURGI GMBH reassignment LURGI GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ULBER, DIETER, BEYER, CHRISTOPH, HEINZ, GUENTER, BOHLE, JUERGEN, SCHLICHTING, HOLGER
Publication of US20130137051A1 publication Critical patent/US20130137051A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/002—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space spraying nozzle arranged within furnace openings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • C01B3/363—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents characterised by the burner used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • F23D11/386—Nozzle cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2214/00—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00018—Means for protecting parts of the burner, e.g. ceramic lining outside of the flame tube

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, and to the process for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of said fuels, in which the burner according to the invention is used.
  • a known process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous feedstocks for the production of synthesis gas for example is the Lurgi process as described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th Edition, Volume 15, Chapt. 3.2.2.
  • the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream e.g. heavy oil
  • the oxygen-containing oxidizing agent e.g. air enriched with oxygen
  • a moderator mostly steam or carbon dioxide
  • the reactor is equipped with one or more burners which in general are installed at the head of the reactor such that their flame is vertically guided into the reactor from top to bottom, so that only the lower end of the burner throat protrudes into the combustion chamber and is exposed to the high temperatures and the corrosive atmosphere of the combustion chamber.
  • burners which in general are installed at the head of the reactor such that their flame is vertically guided into the reactor from top to bottom, so that only the lower end of the burner throat protrudes into the combustion chamber and is exposed to the high temperatures and the corrosive atmosphere of the combustion chamber.
  • EP 1 284 234 A2 it is proposed to divide the inner burner tube into two halves releasably connected with each other, wherein only the lower half facing the end face of the burner is made of a particularly high temperature resistant and high-melting metal alloy.
  • the end face of the outer burner tube is equipped with a space for the passage of a cooling medium and in addition the burner throat protruding into the reactor is surrounded with cooling coils.
  • the solution of the object according to the invention substantially can be derived from the characterizing features of claim 1 in conjunction with the features of the generic part. Further advantageous aspects of the invention can be taken from the sub-claims.
  • This invention also relates to a process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, in which the burner according to the invention is used.
  • the burner according to the invention is provided with a coating of an adhesive layer and a heat insulation layer, which each are applied by a thermal spraying method, such as plasma spraying, wherein the adhesive layer consists of the metal mixture MCrAlY (M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd) and wherein the heat insulation layer preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO 2 .
  • a thermal spraying method such as plasma spraying
  • M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd
  • the heat insulation layer preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO 2 .
  • the burner designed according to the invention is wholly or partly provided with a combination of a coating for protection against thermal load and a diffusion layer on its parts of the outlet orifice directed towards the combustion chamber. In this way, a particularly marked extension of the service life and the related operating cost advantages are achieved.
  • This invention also relates to a process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, which is characterized in that at least one burner according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 is used. Details of the procedure and constructive details of the burner are known to the skilled person and described already for example in the documents DE 19931373 A1, DE 19860479 C1, DE 10152686 A1 and DE 10156980 A1, the disclosure of which is herewith included in the present application by reference.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of the burner according to the invention in the combustion chamber
  • FIG. 2 shows the position and the layered structure of the protective layer according to a first preferred aspect of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows the position and the layered structure of the protective layer according to a second preferred aspect of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows how the throat ( 1 ) of the burner extends through the reactor wall ( 3 ) into the combustion chamber ( 4 ) of the reactor with the lower end of the outer burner tube ( 2 ).
  • the throat of the burner ( 1 ) is constructed of two concentric tubes.
  • the inner tube ( 5 ) conveys a mixture ( 6 ) of carbonaceous fuel and steam
  • the outer tube ( 2 ) conveys the oxygen ( 7 ) necessary for the combustion and/or partial oxidation, which is possibly mixed with steam or carbon dioxide.
  • FIG. 1 shows the inner ( 5 ) and outer ( 2 ) tube ends of the burner throat by way of example as straight tube pieces. Other tube shapes are, however, also possible, such as tubes conically tapering towards the tube end or widening tubes.
  • the outer tube ( 2 ) is provided with a cooling chamber ( 9 ) in which a coolant is contained.
  • a cooling chamber ( 9 ) in which a coolant is contained.
  • the end face of the outer tube ( 2 ) directed into the combustion chamber ( 4 ) is provided with a protective layer ( 8 ) which according to the invention can be a coating or a diffusion layer.
  • the lower end face of the inner tube ( 5 ) can also be provided with such protective layer, which is not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the protective layer ( 8 ) can not only cover the end face, but also the surfaces in the inner or outer region of the tube or tubes of the burner throat.
  • FIG. 2 shows the layered structure of the protective layer (( 8 ) in FIG. 1 ) according to claim 2 .
  • an adhesive layer ( 11 ) and a heat insulation layer ( 13 ) each are applied onto the workpiece ( 10 ) by a thermal spraying method, such as plasma spraying, wherein the adhesive layer ( 11 ) consists of the metal mixture MCrAlY (M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd) and wherein the heat insulation layer ( 13 ) preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO 2 .
  • the surface ( 12 ) of this adhesive layer ( 11 ) additionally is enriched with aluminum and silicon atoms in its surface by a diffusion treatment, by so-called alitizing/siliconizing.
  • Thermal coating methods such as plasma spraying, useful for the solution of the object are described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th Edition, Volume 21, Chapt. 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the protective layer (( 8 ) in FIG. 1 ) according to claim 3 .
  • the variant of the invention according to claim 3 consists in that a coating of the workpiece ( 10 ′) is omitted and instead the surface to be protected merely is subjected to a diffusion treatment, wherein aluminum and/or silicon and/or chromium atoms diffuse into the surface ( 12 ′).
  • a diffusion treatment wherein aluminum and/or silicon and/or chromium atoms diffuse into the surface ( 12 ′).
  • the present invention provides a burner which is characterized by a high resistance to thermal and corrosive loads.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

A burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas a well as the process in which this burner is used, wherein the parts of the outlet orifice of the burner directed towards the combustion chamber are wholly or partly provided with a coating or with a diffusion layer for protection against thermal load and/or corrosion.

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to a burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, and to the process for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of said fuels, in which the burner according to the invention is used.
    • PRIOR ART
  • A known process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous feedstocks for the production of synthesis gas for example is the Lurgi process as described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th Edition, Volume 15, Chapt. 3.2.2.
  • In such processes, the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock stream, e.g. heavy oil, together with the oxygen-containing oxidizing agent, e.g. air enriched with oxygen, and possibly a moderator (mostly steam or carbon dioxide) is converted into a synthesis gas chiefly consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reactor space (combustion chamber) at temperatures of 1200 to 1500° C. and high pressures, between 30 and 75 bar.
  • The reactor is equipped with one or more burners which in general are installed at the head of the reactor such that their flame is vertically guided into the reactor from top to bottom, so that only the lower end of the burner throat protrudes into the combustion chamber and is exposed to the high temperatures and the corrosive atmosphere of the combustion chamber. Such burner is described in DE 198 60 479 C1 and in DE 199 31 373 A1.
  • The high temperatures and corrosive gases obtained in these processes for producing synthesis gas limit the durability of the burners. Therefore, at least the components of the burners subjected to high loads are fabricated from so-called superalloys. These are high temperature resistant alloys, such as high-carbon nickel-chromium-iron alloys. Fundamental statements on superalloys can be found in Rompps Chemie-Lexikon, 8th edition, Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart.
  • Beside the selection of particularly robust construction materials numerous constructive methods have been developed to extend the service life of the burners.
  • In EP 0 545 281 B1 it is proposed to line the end face of the burner throat with a layer composed of individual ceramic platelets arranged one beside the other.
  • In EP 1 284 234 A2 it is proposed to divide the inner burner tube into two halves releasably connected with each other, wherein only the lower half facing the end face of the burner is made of a particularly high temperature resistant and high-melting metal alloy. The end face of the outer burner tube is equipped with a space for the passage of a cooling medium and in addition the burner throat protruding into the reactor is surrounded with cooling coils.
  • DE 601 20 674 T2 proposes the installation of an annular heat shield on the end face of the burner throat, which is made of a material with a high melting point.
  • What is disadvantageous in the previously proposed solutions for extending the service life of the burner is the fact that they intervene in the construction of the burner throat, so that in the construction a compromise must be found between the actual function of the burner and the measures for protecting the same against corrosion.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • Therefore, it has been the object to find a solution for extending the service life of the burner, which rather does not intervene in the construction of the burner and can be carried out economically.
  • The solution of the object according to the invention substantially can be derived from the characterizing features of claim 1 in conjunction with the features of the generic part. Further advantageous aspects of the invention can be taken from the sub-claims. This invention also relates to a process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, in which the burner according to the invention is used.
  • This object is solved in that the parts of the outlet orifice directed towards the combustion chamber are wholly or partly provided with a coating or with a diffusion layer for protection against thermal load and/or corrosion.
  • This inventive solution of the object was induced by the proven practice in the construction of hot gas turbines to provide the parts exposed to high temperatures and corrosive gases with a protective ceramic layer, as is reported e.g. in DE 35 43 802 A1.
    • PREFERRED ASPECTS OF THE INVENTION
  • In accordance with a preferred aspect of the invention the burner according to the invention is provided with a coating of an adhesive layer and a heat insulation layer, which each are applied by a thermal spraying method, such as plasma spraying, wherein the adhesive layer consists of the metal mixture MCrAlY (M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd) and wherein the heat insulation layer preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO2. This combination of materials was found to be particularly effective with regard to the extension of the service life of the burner.
  • In a further aspect of the invention it is provided that by alitizing, chromizing or siliconizing merely a diffusion layer is produced in the surface of the workpiece. The separate heat insulation layer is omitted, which contributes to the constructive simplicity of the burner according to the invention.
  • In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the invention the burner designed according to the invention is wholly or partly provided with a combination of a coating for protection against thermal load and a diffusion layer on its parts of the outlet orifice directed towards the combustion chamber. In this way, a particularly marked extension of the service life and the related operating cost advantages are achieved.
  • This invention also relates to a process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, which is characterized in that at least one burner according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 is used. Details of the procedure and constructive details of the burner are known to the skilled person and described already for example in the documents DE 19931373 A1, DE 19860479 C1, DE 10152686 A1 and DE 10156980 A1, the disclosure of which is herewith included in the present application by reference.
  • Further developments, advantages and possible applications of the invention can also be taken from the following description of embodiments and the drawings. All features described and/or illustrated form the invention per se or in any combination, independent of their inclusion in the claims or their back-reference.
  • In the drawing:
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of the burner according to the invention in the combustion chamber,
  • FIG. 2 shows the position and the layered structure of the protective layer according to a first preferred aspect of the invention,
  • FIG. 3 shows the position and the layered structure of the protective layer according to a second preferred aspect of the invention,
    •
  • FIG. 1 shows how the throat (1) of the burner extends through the reactor wall (3) into the combustion chamber (4) of the reactor with the lower end of the outer burner tube (2). In this example, the throat of the burner (1) is constructed of two concentric tubes. The inner tube (5) conveys a mixture (6) of carbonaceous fuel and steam, the outer tube (2) conveys the oxygen (7) necessary for the combustion and/or partial oxidation, which is possibly mixed with steam or carbon dioxide. FIG. 1 shows the inner (5) and outer (2) tube ends of the burner throat by way of example as straight tube pieces. Other tube shapes are, however, also possible, such as tubes conically tapering towards the tube end or widening tubes. It is also possible that the outer tube (2) is provided with a cooling chamber (9) in which a coolant is contained. In this example shown in FIG. 1 the end face of the outer tube (2) directed into the combustion chamber (4) is provided with a protective layer (8) which according to the invention can be a coating or a diffusion layer. Of course, the lower end face of the inner tube (5) can also be provided with such protective layer, which is not shown in FIG. 1.
  • As indicated in FIG. 1, the protective layer (8) can not only cover the end face, but also the surfaces in the inner or outer region of the tube or tubes of the burner throat.
  • FIG. 2 shows the layered structure of the protective layer ((8) in FIG. 1) according to claim 2.
  • In the aspect of the invention according to claim 2, an adhesive layer (11) and a heat insulation layer (13) each are applied onto the workpiece (10) by a thermal spraying method, such as plasma spraying, wherein the adhesive layer (11) consists of the metal mixture MCrAlY (M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd) and wherein the heat insulation layer (13) preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO2. The surface (12) of this adhesive layer (11) additionally is enriched with aluminum and silicon atoms in its surface by a diffusion treatment, by so-called alitizing/siliconizing.
  • Thermal coating methods, such as plasma spraying, useful for the solution of the object are described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6th Edition, Volume 21, Chapt. 5.
  • The fact that the durability of the protective layer is improved by priming by means of an adhesive layer of this type is known to the skilled person for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,310. In the development of the present invention MCrAlY spraying material with the trade name SICOAT 2464 has been used successfully.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the protective layer ((8) in FIG. 1) according to claim 3.
  • The variant of the invention according to claim 3 consists in that a coating of the workpiece (10′) is omitted and instead the surface to be protected merely is subjected to a diffusion treatment, wherein aluminum and/or silicon and/or chromium atoms diffuse into the surface (12′). These processes are known to the skilled person as alitizing, siliconizing and chromizing. The fundamentals of the used diffusion treatment are described in Rompps Chemie-Lexikon, 8th edition, Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart.
    • INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
  • The present invention provides a burner which is characterized by a high resistance to thermal and corrosive loads.
    • LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
  • (1) burner throat
  • (2) outer burner tube
  • (3) reactor wall
  • (4) combustion chamber
  • (5) inner burner
  • (6) mixture of carbonaceous fuel and steam
  • (7) oxygen
  • (8) protective layer
  • (9) cooling chamber
  • (10), (10′) workpiece
  • (11) adhesive layer
  • (12), (12′) surface of the adhesive layer
  • (13) heat insulation layer

Claims (5)

1. A burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, whose outlet orifice is directed into a combustion chamber, wherein the parts of the outlet orifice directed towards the combustion chamber are wholly or partly provided with a coating or with a diffusion layer for protection against thermal load and/or corrosion.
2. The burner according to claim 1, wherein the coating consists of an adhesive layer and a heat insulation layer, which each are applied by a thermal spraying method, such as plasma spraying, wherein the adhesive layer consists of the metal mixture MCrAlY (M represents at least one of the elements Ni, Co, Pt or Pd) and wherein the heat insulation layer preferably consists of an oxidic spraying material, in particular of ZrO2.
3. The burner according to claim 1, wherein by alitizing, chromizing or siliconizing merely a diffusion layer is produced in the surface of the workpiece.
4. The burner according to claim 1, wherein the parts of the outlet orifice directed towards the combustion chamber are wholly or partly provided with a combination of a coating for protection against thermal load and a diffusion layer.
5. A process for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbonaceous fuel with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, wherein at least one burner according to claim 1 is used.
US13/639,938 2010-08-10 2011-03-24 Burner and method for partially oxidizing liquid, carbon-containing fuel Abandoned US20130137051A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010033935.0 2010-08-10
DE102010033935A DE102010033935B4 (en) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Burner and method for the partial oxidation of liquid carbonaceous fuel
PCT/DE2011/000320 WO2012019572A1 (en) 2010-08-10 2011-03-24 Burner and method for partially oxidizing liquid, carbon-containing fuel

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US (1) US20130137051A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2603451B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102883993A (en)
BR (1) BR112013001833B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2794240C (en)
DE (1) DE102010033935B4 (en)
SA (1) SA111320679B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012019572A1 (en)

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US20160145135A1 (en) * 2013-05-30 2016-05-26 Johns Manville Submerged combustion glass melting systems and methods of use
US9777922B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2017-10-03 Johns Mansville Submerged combustion burners and melters, and methods of use
EP3022488B1 (en) * 2013-07-17 2018-10-17 Edwards Limited Head assembly for a radiant burner
US10131563B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2018-11-20 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners
US10138151B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2018-11-27 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners and melters, and methods of use
US10183884B2 (en) 2013-05-30 2019-01-22 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners, submerged combustion glass melters including the burners, and methods of use
US10337732B2 (en) 2016-08-25 2019-07-02 Johns Manville Consumable tip burners, submerged combustion melters including same, and methods
US10442717B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2019-10-15 Johns Manville Post-manufacturing processes for submerged combustion burner
US10654740B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2020-05-19 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners, melters, and methods of use
US10808308B2 (en) * 2016-06-08 2020-10-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Thermal barrier coating, turbine member, and gas turbine
US10858278B2 (en) 2013-07-18 2020-12-08 Johns Manville Combustion burner
US11142476B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2021-10-12 Johns Manville Burner for submerged combustion melting

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EP2703339A1 (en) 2012-09-04 2014-03-05 Casale Chemicals S.A. Burner for the production of synthesis gas
DE102016125042A1 (en) 2015-12-28 2017-06-29 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon Infrared mirror with a thermally stable layer
EP4310394B1 (en) 2022-07-21 2025-05-21 L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude Burner arrangement for synthesis gas production

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WO2012019572A1 (en) 2012-02-16
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BR112013001833B1 (en) 2020-02-18
CN102883993A (en) 2013-01-16

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