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US20130112478A1 - Device for laser drilling - Google Patents

Device for laser drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130112478A1
US20130112478A1 US13/808,616 US201113808616A US2013112478A1 US 20130112478 A1 US20130112478 A1 US 20130112478A1 US 201113808616 A US201113808616 A US 201113808616A US 2013112478 A1 US2013112478 A1 US 2013112478A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
drill bit
drilling
laser
lasers
optic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/808,616
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Martins Barbosa Braga
Cicero Martelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
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Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro filed Critical Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
Assigned to FACULDADES CATOLICAS, ASSOCIACAO SEM FINS LUCRATIVOS, MANTENEDORA DA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO - PUC RIO reassignment FACULDADES CATOLICAS, ASSOCIACAO SEM FINS LUCRATIVOS, MANTENEDORA DA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO - PUC RIO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRAGA, ARTHUR MARTINS BARBOSA, MARTELLI, CICERO
Publication of US20130112478A1 publication Critical patent/US20130112478A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/146—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/3616—Holders, macro size fixtures for mechanically holding or positioning fibres, e.g. on an optical bench
    • G02B6/3624—Fibre head, e.g. fibre probe termination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/0007—Applications not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/02—Constructional details
    • H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
    • H01S3/0407—Liquid cooling, e.g. by water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06704—Housings; Packages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
    • H01S3/094019—Side pumped fibre, whereby pump light is coupled laterally into the fibre via an optical component like a prism, or a grating, or via V-groove coupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of equipments for laser-drilling, and more specifically to such equipment comprising an optical drill bit and a feed module with lasers embedded.
  • a solution for the problems associated to the use of conventional drilling equipment that employs drilling bits that comprise one or more cutting mechanical elements was the use of laser beams as a mean of drilling wells in the ground.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,871,485 teaches a drilling process using a laser beam wherein a laser beam generator connected to a voltage generator fined by drilling mud or other liquid that passes through a laser beam slot connected to the drill string is positioned in the wellbore and a crystal reflector is positioned inside the laser beam slot to reflect the beam in an elliptical format through the formation to be entered.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,066,138 teaches an apparatus to drill the ground assembled above the ground that drives downward a high power energy laser ring to drill a cylindrical orifice by fusing the successive annular regions of the extraction to be entered in a power level that smashes and ejects the orifice successive layers.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,113,036 teaches a laser-drilling method and system to recover fossil fuels wherein a vertical bore is drilled in an underground formation; a laser beam is projected through the vertical bore and reflected horizontally from the orifice through the formation along an array of bores.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,090,572 teaches a process and apparatus for laser-treatment of geological formations where a laser beam is projected through a guide for the light beam in a wellbore along a beam guide providing enough energy lasers to melt or vaporize formations under underground conditions.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,107,936 teaches a hot-drilling process that employs laser beams as heat source in which the wellbore profile is melted by the heat source and the resulting molten stone is pressed by the neighbor side stone during the drilling process.
  • optical fibers With the use of optical fibers it is possible to guide the high intensity laser light to long distances (some tens of kilometers) and keep the laser light quality (temporal and special intensity and coherencies) in the fiber outlet sufficiently high ensuring the delivery of high optical densities—condition that increases the drilling process efficiency.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,871 relates to a laser-drilling method through the tool as nozzle (40), in cavity that comprises the drilling bore (41) through the tool (40) with laser (50), providing fluid with laser barrier properties in the cavity so, when the bore (41) is open for the cavity, the laser light passing through the bore (41) is incident over the fluid whereby the tool (40) transversal to the cavity from the bore (41) is protected from the laser light, and causing the fluid does not enter in the drilled bore (41) by laser during the drilling process.
  • the apparatus to perform the method is also described.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,626,249 describes the drilling and recovery geothermal system that comprises a drilling rig having a riser with laser and radar perforation assembled in the said elevator, drilling pipe, rotatory mirror assembled adjacent to the lower end of the said drilling pipe and devices to establish vacuum adjacent to the said lower end of the drilling pipe in order to remover and recover heat and drilling waste.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,755,262 relates to a well drilling apparatus that can be at least partially placed in a drilling well.
  • the apparatus includes a plurality of optical fibers, each one of them has an end near to the energy inlet and an end far from the energy outlet of the optical fiber.
  • At least a focus lens is arranged in the far end from the optical fiber light outlet. The focus lens is placed to receive energy from the far end from the optical fiber light outlet corresponding to at least one optical fiber and focus the same outward the optical fiber light outlet.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,870,128 describes the well drilling method with laser beam, the method comprising to guide the laser beam inside the conduit, where the laser beam is guided through the conduit by internal reflectivity of the said conduit, and extending the conduit inside the well, so the laser beam exiting the conduit is guided over the area in the well to be drilled.
  • a system for drilling well with laser beam is equally provided, the system comprising a device to guide the laser beam inside the conduit, wherein the laser beam is guided through the conduit by internal reflectivity of the said conduit, and device to extend the conduit inside the well, so the laser beam exiting the conduit is guided to an area in the well to be drilled.
  • the invention further provides an apparatus composed of conduit that can be extended inside the well, and the surface inside the conduit, where the internal surface is reflective to the laser beam.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,888,097 B2 describes an apparatus for drilling well walls, the apparatus including an optical fiber cable with an end for laser input and an end for laser output.
  • a source of laser is connected to the end of the laser input and a laser head is connected to the end of the laser output.
  • the laser head includes a laser control component to control at least a feature of the laser beam. Control elements in the laser head to control the movement and localization of the laser head are connected to the optical fiber cable.
  • the laser head is protected in a slot that protects the optical fiber cable and elements as reflectors and lens to control the laser beam emitted by optical fiber cable there arranged, from the aggressive environment found in underground operations.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,147,064 describes a drilling apparatus to drill a well having a drilling bit set that includes a laser cutting mount and a vacuum mount.
  • the vacuum mount is adapted to collect steams generated by the laser cutting mount near the drilling bit set during the drilling apparatus operation. Steams collected can thus be processed by a chromatographic analyzer to determine the features of the rock formation being drilled.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,487,834 a method for wells drilling with high power laser is described intended to provide a laser beam to the well production zone to drill the coating, the cement, and to form high permeability penetrations in the formation of stone reservoir to increase the gas flow and/or oil to the well.
  • the laser beam is provided to a punch laser positioned in the production zone by an optical fiber-cable, the cable being sloped around 90 degrees and formatted in the desired beam orientation and profile.
  • a cutting nozzle in the punch end provides a cleaning flow to 1) remove from the well droplets of molten metal, and cement and stone broken fragments that can block the laser beam and 2) create a free pathway through the well liquids allowing the beam to reach the target surface during the drilling.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,416,258 describes the equipment and method to use lasers in the stones breaking and drilling.
  • a group of laser beams is handled in a controlled way by an electro-optical key to locations on the stone surface, creating multiple orifices and removing a stone layer at the diameter desired. Only a single laser beam irradiating about 1000 to 5000 W/cm 2 breaks the stone.
  • the three-dimensional stone removal is performed by breaking the consecutive layers with the laser head intermittent perpendicular movement to the stone surface just drilled.
  • US Patent Publication US 20100078414 A1 relates to an apparatus for underground drilling having at least one optical fiber to transmit light energy from an energy laser source arranged above the ground towards an underground drilling location and a mechanical drill bit having at least one cutting surface and forming at least a light transmission channel aligned to transmit the light from at least one optical fiber through a mechanical drill bit using at least one light transmission channel. It is alleged the equipment developed is especially proper for non vertical wells.
  • the more appropriate laser light wavelength to the surface is possible to select in real time the more appropriate laser light wavelength to the surface. This is other technological advantage of the laser-drilling regarding a conventional mechanical system.
  • the laser-drilling equipment comprises:
  • An optical component or feed module consisting of a set of optical fiber-lasers, active, in the shape of hollow coil, the excitation of the laser active medium being made through the coupling of the light emitted by lasers diodes inside the active fiber, the said diodes being connected more efficiently to the active fiber coil considering the available space and the needed heat transfer to maintain the diodes operation temperature;
  • a mechanical component that is an optical drill bit with rigid and hollow body and end of any geometry, the said drill bit being adopted of leaky orifices for optical fibers connection or bundle of optical fibers with drill bit walls and orifices to allow the drilling and cooling fluids to be released in the surface to be drilled, the optical fibers or bundle of optical fibers being derived from the said feed module, where the feed module is responsible for high intensity light generation that through optical fibers is guided up to optical drill bit, the said feed module and the optical drill bit being coupled to a drill string.
  • the invention provides an equipment for laser-drilling where the laser system is responsible for high intensity light generation that through optical fibers is guided up to optical drill bit, this being the mechanical component that supports the optical fibers, provides geometrical control to high intensity light action and promotes the interface of the drilling system with the surface to be drilled.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling with a reduced number of moveable mechanic parts present in the drilling system.
  • the invention provides an equipment for laser-drilling that significantly reduces the need of drill string rotation, with large operational advantage.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling able to monitor the drilling process in situ, with process control increase.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling able to drill different materials without the need to substitute the drill bit.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling where depending on the material to be drilled in different wavelengths of the laser light are triggered to increase the drilling efficiency.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling where it is possible to use different systems of operation as ongoing or pulse.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling with reduced maintenance costs.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling where the tectonic movement risks, caused by drilling are reduced due to the lack of contact between the optical drill bit and the surface to be drilled.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling where the drilling system dimensions are lower and this is also lighter than traditional systems.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling where generally it is possible to maintain higher control of the drilling depth and the drilling direction.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling where due to mechanical strength increase of the drilled well walls against walls surface vitrification, it is reasonable to speculate on reducing the need for coating during the drilling.
  • the invention further provides an equipment for laser-drilling that allows the drilling direction control through the drill bit format, where the angle control a enables the drill bit drills orifices to a degrees of the drill bit middle line.
  • the invention also provides an equipment for laser-drilling with lasers individual control that feed the light interaction points with the surface, to determine the drilling direction turning the lasers on or off in specific regions of the drill bit as needed.
  • FIG. 1 is an optical drill bit section of the drilling equipment of the invention showing the head and the body of the same.
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the laser system or feed module of the drilling equipment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a general section of the equipment assembled in a drill string, with feed module and optical drill bit.
  • the invention relates to an equipment for laser-drilling where the laser system is responsible for high intensity light generation that through optical fibers is guided up to optical drill bit, this being the mechanical component that supports optical fibers and promotes the interface of the drilling system with the surface to be drilled.
  • the equipment for drilling oil wells according to the invention composed of feed module and optical drill bit, can be directly integrated to drilling conventional systems and can operate at any depth.
  • the feed module is fed by an electricity metal conductor, the said module consisting of a set of lasers, that generate the light with high intensity for drilling, and it is coupled between the drill string and the drill bit, as can be seen in FIG. 3 .
  • the light emitted by lasers is guided up to optical drill bit through optical fibers.
  • optical fibers allow the idealization of virtually any optical drill bit format.
  • each point of laser light interaction with the stone to be drilled there is an optical fiber providing high intensity laser light.
  • Associated to each fiber may be a laser or multiple lasers combined producing the light for drilling. All lasers used in the drilling are embedded with the drill bit in the cylindrical device consisting of standard tube employed in the drill string with internal modifications needed to pack lasers.
  • lasers with the support cylinder form the feed module. Therefore, the main function of this module is generating and supplying high intensity laser light for the optical drill bit.
  • FIG. 3 shows the feed module coupled to optical drill bit.
  • the equipment modular feature of the invention eases the implementation of the same once each part can be developed and tested independently.
  • a modular laser that can operate inside a cylinder and in the conditions of pressure and temperature found in the bottom of a well and that further has conditions to generate light energy sufficient for drilling a stone.
  • this laser that corresponds to only one point of laser light interaction with the stone in the optical drill
  • the fact of having the laser embedded with the optical drill bit significantly reduces the drilling system complexity; ii) problems with the optical fiber mechanical fragility, loss of optical properties with the hydrogen diffusion, in the case of silica fibers, as well as limitation with the power level transmitted over long distances (responsible for non linear phenomenon induction), etc. are eliminated.
  • the lasers which will be embedded with the drill bit, to support the operation in unconventional conditions, high external hydrostatic pressures and increased temperatures. In addition, they must be packed in reduced spaces such as the interior of the drilling duct. Obviously, even thus, lasers must have conditions to generate enough energy to promote an efficient drilling of stones.
  • a laser encapsulated in the shape of ring or coil that is presented in FIG. 2 . It consists of a high power optical fiber-laser, the laser being pumped by laser light emitting diodes. The light emitted by many diodes is combined to excite the optical fiber-laser active medium and then produce laser light with high intensity and high time consistency and sine qua non spatial condition to focus the light in the fiber outlet.
  • the ring or coil format with pumping diodes positioned over a half of the ring surface checks the modular feature to the laser project. This allows the lasers to be assembled on each other inside the drilling duct forming the feed module, according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the ring format also enables the drilling fluid circulation through lasers in that, besides checking the compatibility with the remaining of the drilling system, where the fluid circulates inside the drill string, aids in the lasers cooling.
  • optical fiber-laser pumped by diodes is simply motivated by the light optical quality emitted by this type of lasers.
  • An alternative for the present invention is to connect the diodes directly to the fiber and use the light produced by them to drill, without the need to set up with fiber-laser.
  • the optical drill bit in general, is formed by metal structure, with specific dimensions and shapes for each drilling process, where optical fibers that transport the high intensity laser light are coupled in the internal wall of the said drill bit and provide high intensity light for drilling.
  • the optical drill bit admits to be configured at any dimension or physical format needed for different drilling scenes.
  • the end formats of the drill bit will depend on the type of ground or stone to be drilled, the type of drilling to be performed, the drilling diameter, the well or bore depth and the resulting curvature and/or well or bore angle.
  • the optical drill bit showed in FIG. 1 is an example of the drill bit for drilling wells with diameter of 8′′.
  • Each channel, where optical fibers are fixed, is perpendicular to the drill bit surface tangent in the point of intersection. This ensures that the light focuses perpendicularly to the surface to be drilled in the whole drill bit circumferential surface.
  • the number of channels to connect the fibers depends on the drill bit superficial area and on the individual efficiency of each laser in the drilling process.
  • the drilling efficiency is given in a simplified manner by the mass of stone removed divided by the energy embedded in the drilling process.
  • Two features of the present drill bit design allow the direction control in the drilling.
  • the first is through the drill bit format.
  • the spherical symmetry of the drill bit allows, against angle control a (constructive parameter), the drill bit drills bores at a degrees of the drill bit middle line.
  • this invention can be used to drill bores perpendicular to the drill bit shaft, through the formation and passing the coating and the cement region, to allow the oil or reservoir gas flow to the coated well.
  • the drill bit design further foresees channels for drilling fluid outlet as showed in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the optical drill bit ( 100 ) of the equipment of the invention.
  • the said drill bit has a head ( 130 ) of any format, herein illustrated as spherical such as a possible modality among others and a tubular body ( 140 ).
  • the angle ⁇ mentioned above is measured from the line drawn in the middle of the ball and perpendicular to the direction of the optical drill bit ( 100 ) body connection with the drill string up to ball intersection with the drill bit remaining body. This angle defines the operation maximum angle of the optical drill bit ( 100 ) and consequently the maximum slope of the well or drilled bore.
  • Leaky orifices are present in the drill bit ( 100 ) head ( 130 ), being the orifices ( 110 ) employed for optical fibers connection or bundle of optical fibers with drill bit walls and orifices ( 120 ) to allow the drilling and cooling fluids to be released in the surface to be drilled.
  • the number of orifices ( 110 ) for optical fibers connection or bundle of optical fibers is determined from the drilled area by each optical fiber or bundle of optical fibers so that the whole head surface ( 130 ) in the shape of ball can have conditions to play the role of perforating.
  • the drill bit inner ( 100 ) is hollow, enabling the passage of the optical fibers or bundle of optical fibers (not represented) conductive of optical energy for drilling and its connection to the leaky orifices ( 110 ) and also drilling and cooling fluids flow until to be released in the surface to be drilled by leaky orifices ( 120 ).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the lasers used in the equipment of the invention.
  • the excitation of the laser active medium, the optical fiber doped, is made through the coupling of the light emitted by lasers diodes ( 220 ) inside the active fiber.
  • the lasers diodes ( 220 ) are called pumping diodes.
  • the lasers diodes ( 220 ) are perpendicularly connected to the coil ( 210 ) of active fiber.
  • the laser inner ( 200 ) is completely hollow.
  • This format mainly appreciated the thermal dissipation of the electro-optical conversion process of the pumping diodes.
  • This configuration uses its own drilling fluid as control agent and temperature stabilization.
  • the feed module is composed of the plurality of lasers ( 200 ) the optical fiber which the light output is taken up to optical drill bit ( 100 ) by the optical fibers ( 320 ) (see FIG. 3 ).
  • Each laser ( 200 ) is independently controlled enabling different drilling systems, pulse and ongoing, for example, to be employed in the drilling.
  • FIG. 3 shows the illustration of the equipment ( 300 ) concept of the invention where can be noted: the optical drill bit ( 100 ), the feed module formed by a set of lasers ( 200 ) and the optical fibers ( 320 ) connecting each laser ( 200 ) to a specific point inside the drill bit ( 100 ).
  • Each point of connection between the drill bit ( 100 ) and the fiber ( 320 ) is a communication channel with the drill bit external surface ( 100 ) and is perpendicular to the surface to be drilled, thus, the optical fiber ( 320 ) provides high intensity light directly over the surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US13/808,616 2010-07-08 2011-07-08 Device for laser drilling Abandoned US20130112478A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI1002337A BRPI1002337B1 (pt) 2010-07-08 2010-07-08 equipamento para perfuração a laser
BRPI1002337-2 2010-07-08
PCT/BR2011/000211 WO2012003560A1 (fr) 2010-07-08 2011-07-08 Dispositif de perforation par laser

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR2011/000211 A-371-Of-International WO2012003560A1 (fr) 2010-07-08 2011-07-08 Dispositif de perforation par laser

Related Child Applications (1)

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US15/013,655 Continuation-In-Part US9677338B2 (en) 2010-07-08 2016-02-02 Device for laser drilling

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US20130112478A1 true US20130112478A1 (en) 2013-05-09

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US (1) US20130112478A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2592215A4 (fr)
AR (1) AR082202A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1002337B1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6670531A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012003560A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20130140039A1 (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Source spectrum control of nonlinearities in optical waveguides
US9371693B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2016-06-21 Ramax, Llc Drill with remotely controlled operating modes and system and method for providing the same
US10094172B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2018-10-09 Ramax, Llc Drill with remotely controlled operating modes and system and method for providing the same
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WO2012003560A1 (fr) 2012-01-12
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AR082202A1 (es) 2012-11-21
CO6670531A2 (es) 2013-05-15
EP2592215A4 (fr) 2017-06-14

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