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US20110038674A1 - Method and device for tapping undersea freshwater - Google Patents

Method and device for tapping undersea freshwater Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110038674A1
US20110038674A1 US12/863,879 US86387909A US2011038674A1 US 20110038674 A1 US20110038674 A1 US 20110038674A1 US 86387909 A US86387909 A US 86387909A US 2011038674 A1 US2011038674 A1 US 2011038674A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
freshwater
interface
water
sensor
depth
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Abandoned
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US12/863,879
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English (en)
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Michel Peril
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from FR0800359A external-priority patent/FR2926570B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR0800358A external-priority patent/FR2926569A1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20110038674A1 publication Critical patent/US20110038674A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/06—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from underground
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • E21B43/0122—Collecting oil or the like from a submerged leakage

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a process and a device for the collection of undersea freshwater. It concerns, in particular, the collection of freshwater derived from undersea freshwater resurgences coming from karst networks.
  • the karst is a domain of calcareous rocks comprising many inter-communicating cavities, created by the calcium carbonate being dissolved by carbonic acid derived from rainwater loaded with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). All these cavities make up a karst network, the lower part of which constitutes significant reservoirs of freshwater.
  • French patent no. FR 2 701 974 describes a submerged construction, comprising a concave part aimed downwards and covering the spring, the freshwater remaining trapped in the upper part of said cavity thanks to its density, which is less than that of the seawater.
  • the lower part of this construction remains open so as to let the overflow, and in particular the seawater, escape, at the same time leaving the karst system unrestricted and removing the freshwater from the upper part of the construction by means of a variable-flow pumping system.
  • the pumping device is subordinate to sensors, which enable a flow rate slightly less than the spring's flow rate to be maintained. This device allows freshwater to be removed without the existing equilibrium being disturbed and without introducing disruptions into the working of the karst system, facilitating the laminar flow, which obviates the mixing with seawater.
  • Document FR 2 785 001 describes a device whose purpose is an improvement enabling a significant simplification of the collection system by utilizing an impermeable surface, for preference flexible, which isolates the resurgence, anchored to the sea bottom and reaching the surface where it is held by a floating barrier, allowing the ventilation of the collection device.
  • the device also comprises a system of valves in the lower part of the membrane, allowing the seawater to escape; the freshwater is removed by pumps installed on a floating device on the inside surface of the barrier.
  • Document WO 2007/017703 proposes to add, to the device of document FR 2 785 001, a current meter for each spring in order to control the pumps and thus maintain an equilibrium in the system.
  • a current meter for each spring in order to control the pumps and thus maintain an equilibrium in the system.
  • the current meters due to the existence of a large number of unpredictable springs and infiltrations, the current meters only give an imprecise measurement of the flow-rates available and the efficiency of this system is limited.
  • Document FR 2 795 109 proposes a flexible envelop forming a dome over an undersea freshwater spring.
  • a salinity sensor is provided so that the pump opening draws in freshwater.
  • the spring of freshwater which is lighter, is below the seawater, which is heavier, these two types of water mix.
  • the water thus pumped therefore requires a desalination treatment practically as complex and expensive as the seawater desalination treatment.
  • the aim of the present invention is to respond to these drawbacks.
  • the present invention envisages a device for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the interface for example its depth or the turbulences causing a freshwater and seawater mixture there, more or less water is pumped.
  • the quantity of water pumped represents the quantity of freshwater coming from these springs, whatever the number, flow-rate, configuration of the springs and/or infiltrations.
  • the senor of the status of said interface comprises a depth sensor designed to determine the depth of said interface and the means of closed-loop control is designed to control the depth of said interface by controlling the flow-rate of at least one pump according to said depth.
  • the senor of the status of said interface comprises a means of determining the agitation of said interface and the means of closed-loop control is designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump according to said agitation.
  • the means of closed-loop control is designed to reduce the flow-rate of at least one said pump when said interface presents turbulences greater than a pre-defined value.
  • the present invention envisages a process for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the present invention envisages a device for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the quantity of water pumped represents the quantity of freshwater coming from these springs, whatever the number, flow-rate, configuration of the springs and/or infiltrations.
  • the depth sensor comprises a sensor of the difference in level between the surface of the freshwater inside the envelop collecting the freshwater and the surface of the seawater around said envelop.
  • the measurement can be accurate and maintenance easy.
  • the depth sensor comprises an equilibrium depth sensor for a float possessing a density half-way between the density of the freshwater and the density of the seawater.
  • the measurement can be especially stable and accurate.
  • the means of closed-loop control is designed to maintain said interface below the level of at least one spring.
  • the means of closed-loop control is designed to maintain said interface below the level of at least the spring with the greatest flow-rate.
  • the means of closed-loop control is designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump according to the sea level during the tide.
  • the interface's absolute vertical position can remain noticeably stable even though the depth below the immediate level of the water inside and/or outside the envelop depends on the tidal phenomenon and varies cyclically.
  • said envelop comprises a flexible partition surrounding the vertical above at least one spring.
  • said flexible partition is kept in position by weights.
  • said flexible partition comprises, in its upper part, inflated booms.
  • the device as described in brief above comprises a means of determining the agitation of the water outside at least one source of water, the means of closed-loop control being designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump according to the agitation of the water.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises a radar or sonar doppler-effect sensor.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises at least one water agitation sensor positioned in the water and a means of measuring movements of each said sensor.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises a means of determining a density gradient of the water.
  • the device as described in brief above comprises a means of measuring the salinity of the water pumped or to be pumped and a means of stopping pumping when said salinity is greater than a pre-defined value.
  • the present invention envisages a process for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, retained by an envelop surrounded by seawater isolating a quantity of water above at least one freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the present invention envisages a device for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises a radar or sonar doppler-effect sensor.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises at least one water agitation sensor positioned in the water and a means of measuring movements of each said sensor.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises a means of determining a density gradient of the water.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises a sensor of the difference in level between the surface of the freshwater inside an envelop collecting the freshwater and the surface of the seawater around said envelop.
  • the measurement can be accurate and maintenance easy.
  • the means of determining the agitation of the water comprises an equilibrium depth sensor for a float possessing a density half-way between the density of the freshwater and the density of the seawater.
  • the measurement can be especially stable and accurate.
  • the means of closed-loop control is designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump according to the sea level during the tide.
  • the interface's absolute vertical position can remain noticeably stable even though the depth below the immediate level of the water inside and/or outside the envelop depends on the tidal phenomenon and varies cyclically.
  • said envelop comprises a flexible partition surrounding the vertical above at least one spring.
  • said flexible partition is kept in position by weights.
  • said flexible partition comprises, in its upper part, inflated booms.
  • the present invention envisages a process for collecting water from at least one undersea freshwater spring, retained by an envelop surrounded by seawater isolating a quantity of water above at least one freshwater spring, characterized in that it comprises:
  • FIG. 1 represents, schematically, in a top view, a particular embodiment of the device that is the subject of this invention
  • FIG. 2 represents, schematically, in cross-section, the particular embodiment of the device that is the subject of this invention shown in FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 represents, in the form of a logical diagram, steps in a particular embodiment of the process that is the subject of this invention.
  • float relates to an element with a density less than at least one of the liquids utilized, generally saline seawater, and which, as result, rises to the interface between this liquid and a less-dense liquid, generally water that is less salty, or the air.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a fissure 100 , natural or artificial, in which undersea spring water resurgences 105 arrive, for example of karstic origin.
  • This fissure 100 is fitted with a flexible hermetic envelop 110 linked to the side walls 115 of the fissure 100 in a hermetic way.
  • Valves 120 are formed in the lower part of the flexible envelop 110 to allow the evacuation of any water overflow appearing inside the envelop without allowing, or by restricting, the entry of seawater inside the envelop 110 .
  • These valves are, for example, formed from free portions of the flexible envelop 110 , with dimensions greater than those of openings formed in the envelop 110 opposite which these free portions are located, outside the envelop 110 .
  • Envelop 110 comprises a flexible partition surrounding the vertical above at least one spring.
  • a system of deflectors imposes a forced route on the flowing freshwater, in order to reduce turbulences and to induce a laminar flow of freshwater.
  • a pump 125 borne by a raft 130 , is linked by pipes 135 to a purification unit 140 .
  • the pump 125 is controlled by a control unit 145 linked to sensors 150 , 151 , 152 and 155 .
  • the flexible envelop 110 is surrounded, in its upper part, by compressed air booms 160 and is retained, in its lower part, by weights or lines attached to the ocean floor and/or the edges of the fissure.
  • the pump 125 is replaced by a plurality of pumps.
  • At least one sensor 150 is designed to measure the average difference of level between the surface of the water inside the flexible envelop 110 and the surface of the water outside the flexible envelop 110 .
  • This difference is averaged over a long period, compared to the wave period on the sea surface, for example over two minutes, and represents, as a consequence of buoyancy, the depth at which the interface 170 is found between the seawater, which is more dense, and the spring water, which is less dense.
  • This sensor 150 is, for example, comprised of two level sensors, one positioned close to the envelop 110 on the inner side, and the other positioned close to the envelop 110 on the outer side.
  • At least one sensor 151 is designed to measure the salinity of the water close to the inlet or in the water circuit of the pump 125 .
  • the measurement is performed, for example, by measuring an electrical characteristic (resistance or capacitance) of a strip of water with a known thickness, saline water being more conductive than pure water.
  • At least one sensor 152 is designed to measure the average level, under the surface inside the envelop, at which water with a pre-defined density is found.
  • This sensor is, for example, comprised of a radar, a sonar or a “float” the density of which is half-way between the density of the freshwater and the density of the seawater, “float” of which the depth under the surface is measured. It can also be comprised of a Doppler-effect sensor measuring the speed of the interface based on the partial reflection of sound waves on this interface.
  • At least one sensor 155 is designed to measure the agitation of the water at the location of at least one freshwater resurgence.
  • This sensor 155 is, for example, comprised of a radar, a sonar or a plurality of “floats” the density of which is half-way between the density of the freshwater and the density of the seawater, and possibly different, “floats” whose respective movements are measured.
  • the sensors 152 and 155 can be coupled in order to provide the two measurements in question.
  • the agitation sensor 155 can also be comprised of a turbulence sensor, for example acquiring the infrasounds emitted in the turbulences.
  • the agitation sensor can also be comprised of a sensor of the intensity of the sound waves partially reflected on the interface.
  • the agitation sensor can also be comprised of a Doppler-effect sensor measuring the turbulences on the interface based on the partial reflection of sound waves on this interface.
  • the control unit 145 operates as a means of closed-loop control of the depth of the interface 170 between the freshwater and the seawater.
  • the control unit 145 controls, the flow-rate of at least one pump 125 pumping freshwater above said interface, according to said interface depth.
  • the control unit 145 increases the flow-rate of the pumped water.
  • the control unit 145 decreases the flow-rate of the pumped water.
  • the flow-rate is a continuous function of the depth
  • the control loop transfer function in counter-reaction, is calculated to avoid interface depth oscillations, in a way known to people in the closed-loop control field.
  • control unit 145 takes account of the tide and is designed to maintain the interface below the level of at least one spring and, for preference, below the level of at least the spring with the greatest flow-rate.
  • the depth is replaced by the altitude of the interface with regard to a fixed point and the control unit 145 controls the flow-rate of at least one pump according to the sea level during the tide.
  • the control unit 145 thus constitutes a means of determining the agitation of the water outside at least one water source and inside the envelop 110 , and is designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump according to the agitation of the water. In particular, when the turbulences exceed a pre-defined limit value, the control unit stops the operation of the pump 125 or reduces it as described in a variant of steps 315 and 325 (see description of FIG. 3 , below).
  • the control unit is also designed to stop the operation of the pump 125 when the salinity measurement of the water pumped or to be pumped is greater than a pre-defined value, which depends on the desalination capacities of the purification unit 140 .
  • control unit 145 comprises a means 145 of closed-loop control designed to control the flow-rate of at least one pump 125 designed to pump freshwater above the interface between the freshwater and the seawater, according to the status of said interface, especially its depth with respect to at least one or, if possible, all the springs and/or turbulences of this interface in order to maintain the depth of said interface below the opening of at least one said freshwater spring and, possibly, so that the highly saline water generated by these turbulences is not pumped.
  • the device measures the salinity of the water to be pumped or, after a short period of pumping intended to ensure the sensor is purged of salinity, the water pumped. Then, during a step 310 , it is determined whether the salinity measured is greater than a first pre-defined value. If it is, then during a step 315 , the operation of the pump 125 is stopped and a restart command, either manual or automatic, for example after a pre-defined length of time (for example five minutes), is waited for. Then you go back to step 305 .
  • step 320 If, during the step 310 , it is determined that the salinity measured is below the first pre-defined value, during a step 320 , the magnitude of the turbulences at the interface between the seawater and the freshwater is determined. Then, during a step 325 , it is determined whether the magnitude and/or speed of the turbulences is greater than a second pre-defined value. If it is, then during step 315 , the operation of the pump 125 is stopped and a restart command, either manual or automatic, for example after a pre-defined length of time (for example five minutes), is waited for. Then you go back to step 305 .
  • step 325 If during a step 325 it is determined that the magnitude and/or speed of the turbulences is less than the second pre-defined value, then during a step 330 , pumping is resumed, if it was stopped, or continued and the depth of the interface between the seawater and the freshwater is determined.
  • the reduction in the flow-rate of the pumped water is induced (for example, by the control unit 145 ) such that the depth of the interface 170 increases and the mixed water coming from the turbulences does not come in front of at least one, preferably all, freshwater spring opening(s).
  • the flow-rate of the pump 125 is reduced and a command to resume the normal flow-rate of the pump is waited for, which occurs when the interface is at a depth which is an increasing function of the amplitude and/or speed of the turbulences.
  • the depth measurement is compensated for according to the tide in order to obtain an absolute altitude value.
  • the water flow-rate that the pump 125 must provide is determined.
  • the closed-loop control transfer function which supplies this flow-rate according to the depths and/or altitudes, depends on the flow-rate of the springs in the envelop 110 and speeds of variation in this flow-rate noted prior to the installation of the device or obtained during a learning phase or operational phase of the device.
  • the interface depth is maintained below the opening of at least one freshwater spring and, for preference, of all the freshwater springs.
  • step 345 the pump 125 is controlled so that it provides the flow-rate defined during the step 340 . Then you go back to step 305 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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US12/863,879 2008-01-23 2009-01-23 Method and device for tapping undersea freshwater Abandoned US20110038674A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0800359A FR2926570B1 (fr) 2008-01-23 2008-01-23 Procede et dispositif de captation d'eau douce sous-marine
FR0800358A FR2926569A1 (fr) 2008-01-23 2008-01-23 Procede et dispositif de captation d'eau douce sous-marine
FR0800358 2008-01-23
FR0800359 2008-01-23
PCT/FR2009/000076 WO2009115657A2 (fr) 2008-01-23 2009-01-23 Procede et dispositif de captation d'eau douce sous-marine

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US20110038674A1 true US20110038674A1 (en) 2011-02-17

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US12/863,879 Abandoned US20110038674A1 (en) 2008-01-23 2009-01-23 Method and device for tapping undersea freshwater

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20110038674A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2245234A2 (fr)
IL (1) IL207152A0 (fr)
MA (1) MA32097B1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010008084A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009115657A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10894660B2 (en) 2010-02-15 2021-01-19 Yehuda Kahane Ltd Underwater energy storage system and power station powered therewith

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201011445D0 (en) * 2010-07-07 2010-08-25 Kirkby Alan D Underwater oil and gas collection system
FR3135998B3 (fr) * 2022-05-30 2024-05-24 joseph Marc Installation pour l’alimentation en eau douce d’un territoire littoral

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4976146A (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-12-11 Senghaas Karl A Liquid level measuring apparatus
US6592299B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2003-07-15 Nymphea Water Method and an installation for collecting from and detecting a fresh water spring at sea
US20070204750A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-06 Herbert Liu Multiphase flow measurement apparatus and method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2701974A1 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-02 Therond Patrick Procédé et dispositif de captage de résurgences sous-marines d'eau douce.
FR2792664A1 (fr) * 1999-04-26 2000-10-27 Eric Gilli Procede et dispositif de captage d'eau douce au niveau d'un exutoire karstique
FR2857389B1 (fr) * 2003-07-08 2005-10-14 Nymphea Water Procede et dispositif de captage d'eau douce
GR1005404B (el) * 2005-08-11 2007-01-24 Peril Michel Διαταξη για τη συλληψη υποθαλασσια αναβλυζοντος γλυκου υδατος και μεθοδος λειτουργιας
GR1006129B (el) * 2007-06-22 2008-11-03 Ιων Αποστολου Αργυριαδης Συστημα εκμεταλλευσης υποθαλασσιων πηγων γλυκου υδατος και μεθοδος λειτουργιας

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4976146A (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-12-11 Senghaas Karl A Liquid level measuring apparatus
US6592299B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2003-07-15 Nymphea Water Method and an installation for collecting from and detecting a fresh water spring at sea
US20070204750A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-06 Herbert Liu Multiphase flow measurement apparatus and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10894660B2 (en) 2010-02-15 2021-01-19 Yehuda Kahane Ltd Underwater energy storage system and power station powered therewith

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Publication number Publication date
EP2245234A2 (fr) 2010-11-03
MA32097B1 (fr) 2011-02-01
IL207152A0 (en) 2010-12-30
MX2010008084A (es) 2010-11-10
WO2009115657A3 (fr) 2009-11-26
WO2009115657A2 (fr) 2009-09-24

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