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US20080033264A1 - Pulsoximetry Measuring Device - Google Patents

Pulsoximetry Measuring Device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080033264A1
US20080033264A1 US11/791,433 US79143305A US2008033264A1 US 20080033264 A1 US20080033264 A1 US 20080033264A1 US 79143305 A US79143305 A US 79143305A US 2008033264 A1 US2008033264 A1 US 2008033264A1
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measuring device
pulsoximetry
mhz
connectors
vicinity
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/791,433
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Torsten Lonneker-Lammers
Torsten Hertz
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LMT Lammers Medical Tech GmbH
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Individual
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Publication of US20080033264A1 publication Critical patent/US20080033264A1/en
Assigned to LMT LAMMERS MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY GMBH reassignment LMT LAMMERS MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HERTZ, TORSTEN, LONNEKER-LAMMERS, TORSTEN
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/18—Shielding or protection of sensors from environmental influences, e.g. protection from mechanical damage
    • A61B2562/182—Electrical shielding, e.g. using a Faraday cage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pulsoximetry measuring device having a pulsoximeter sensor and a pulsoximeter module for evaluating and displaying the signals of the sensor.
  • the measurement principle of pulsoximetry is based on the wavelength dependent optical perfusion of the blood vessels located under the skin.
  • the differences in power and features to be found in the case of the pulsoximeters offered on the market are to be ascribed to different algorithms for signal processing, and are based on wide experience and a knowledge base in the field of pulsoximetry. Consequently, in addition to stand alone equipment, some manufacturers also offer so-called OEM modules that to some extent constitute the core of the acquisition and processing of measured values, and are therefore eminently suitable for installation in other medical equipment.
  • a pulsoximetry measuring device can be integrated in an existing, MR capable medical unit, for example in a patient monitor or an incubator.
  • the pulsoximeter module is provided with a shield, in that the shield is grounded only at one point, and in that each signal path is provided with a rejection filter having a narrowband passband.
  • a combination of three measures is aimed at integrating in a medical unit an OEM module offered on the market.
  • An important role is played here from the point of view of metrology by the fact that no significant interference with regard to imaging or measurement accuracy occurs between MRT and pulsoximetry. Even more important, however, is the exclusion of any sort of endangerment of patient and user with regard to heating of sensor or cable because of the coupling, unavoidable in MRT, of high frequency energy and the production of eddy currents caused by magnetic fields that vary in time and space.
  • Each enclosing shield ends at a grounding point; the presence of grounding loops impairs imaging and measurement accuracy and is therefore avoided.
  • the filter has an LC element (passive filter of 2nd order).
  • the pass frequency of the narrowband filter advantageously lies in the range from 0.1 to 15 MHz.
  • the pass frequency and the signal frequencies of the pulsoximeter do not overlap then, since the magnetic field strength of 1.5 T is the Larmor frequency of the protons 63.9 MHz.
  • the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 8 MHz.
  • the pass frequency of the narrowband filter can be substantially less than 10 MHz.
  • its evaluation unit can be integrated in the control electronics of an incubator, and is to be supplied by the latter with power.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a signal path from source to sink
  • FIG. 2 shows the signal path of FIG. 1 , with a filter
  • FIG. 3 shows the frequency response of the signals of a nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the design of a pulsoximetry measuring device.
  • each signal is guided between source (Q) and sink (S) along a path (as a rule, an electric cable).
  • the source is represented on the left, and the sink on the right.
  • a minimum of four signal paths are required between sensor and OEM module in the exemplary pulsoximetry module: OEM Sensor module Description S Q Transmit light emitting diodes (+) pole S Q Transmit light emitting diodes ( ⁇ ) pole Q S Receive photodiode (+) pole Q S Receive photodiode ( ⁇ ) pole
  • the frequency spectra applied by the MRT are very narrowband in the respective equipment class, and so looping in a selective higher order rejection filter along each signal path between sensor and evaluation unit not only minimizes the abovementioned interference, but greatly reduces both HF coupling and eddy currents.
  • Such a rejection filter can be implemented in a simple and yet effective way as an LC element (passive filter of 2nd order), as is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the useful frequency range ⁇ 10 MHz
  • MRT 42 . . . 130 MHz
  • FIG. 3 shows the frequency response in the case of the use of the rejection filter according to FIG. 2 .
  • the resonant frequency was tuned for an MRT system with a 1.5 T magnetic field strength which corresponds to a Lamor frequency of 63.9 MHz. In this range, the insertion loss is better than 40 dB.
  • This filtering is present on each of the four above-named signal paths between sensor and OEM module.
  • the principle design of the pulsoximetry measuring device is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a sensor 1 is connected via a shielded cable 2 and filter 3 to the OEM module 4 , which is connected, in turn, to an evaluation electronics 5 .
  • the filter 3 , OEM module 4 and evaluation electronics 5 are arranged inside a shield housing 6 that is grounded at one point at 7 .

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a pulsoximetry measuring device comprising a pulsoximetry sensor and a pulsoximetry module for evaluating and displaying the sensor signals. The device is characterized in that the pulsoximetry module is provided with a shield which is grounded only at one point while each signal path is equipped with a rejection filter having a narrow passage area.

Description

    BACKGROUND
  • The invention relates to a pulsoximetry measuring device having a pulsoximeter sensor and a pulsoximeter module for evaluating and displaying the signals of the sensor.
  • The detection and monitoring of vital parameters in the case of new born and prematurely born patients both at the intensive station and during transportation constitutes a basic requirement in everyday hospital practice. Consequently, there are on the market a large number both of portable and of fixed patient monitors, in the specific, so-called pulsoximeters, with the aid of which the oxygen saturation and heart rate of the patient can be determined non-invasively.
  • The selection of available pulsoximeters is restricted in the field of diagnostics using magnetic resonance (MR resonance). One reason for this is that the interference-free operation of electronic equipment in the direct environment of nuclear magnetic resonance tomographs is impossible without particular measures, because of the strong electromagnetic fields. Equipment therefore frequently exhibits awkward handling, since an attempt is predominantly made, through the introduction of long connecting lines (electrical or optical), on the one hand, to position the sensor near the patient and, on the other hand, to position the electronic evaluation and display unit as far as possible from the tomograph.
  • The measurement principle of pulsoximetry is based on the wavelength dependent optical perfusion of the blood vessels located under the skin. The differences in power and features to be found in the case of the pulsoximeters offered on the market are to be ascribed to different algorithms for signal processing, and are based on wide experience and a knowledge base in the field of pulsoximetry. Consequently, in addition to stand alone equipment, some manufacturers also offer so-called OEM modules that to some extent constitute the core of the acquisition and processing of measured values, and are therefore eminently suitable for installation in other medical equipment. However, such equipment cannot be used in the vicinity of nuclear magnetic resonance tomographs without the use of the abovementioned long connecting lines so that the sensitive pulsoximetry module is sufficiently far away from the static magnetic fields and electromagnetic high frequency measuring fields of the nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph. Because of the strong fields, it has therefore not so far been possible to arrange the pulsoximetry module near the patient and the nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph, and this palpably signifies disadvantages for the examination and treatment of the patient.
    • SUMMARY
  • A pulsoximetry measuring device can be integrated in an existing, MR capable medical unit, for example in a patient monitor or an incubator.
  • The pulsoximeter module is provided with a shield, in that the shield is grounded only at one point, and in that each signal path is provided with a rejection filter having a narrowband passband.
  • A combination of three measures is aimed at integrating in a medical unit an OEM module offered on the market. An important role is played here from the point of view of metrology by the fact that no significant interference with regard to imaging or measurement accuracy occurs between MRT and pulsoximetry. Even more important, however, is the exclusion of any sort of endangerment of patient and user with regard to heating of sensor or cable because of the coupling, unavoidable in MRT, of high frequency energy and the production of eddy currents caused by magnetic fields that vary in time and space.
  • Consequently, it is a fundamental measure to shield all the participating components and their connections from the very first.
  • Each enclosing shield ends at a grounding point; the presence of grounding loops impairs imaging and measurement accuracy and is therefore avoided.
  • Filtering the signals between the sensor and OEM module is the third, and most important measure.
  • In one advantageous embodiment, the filter has an LC element (passive filter of 2nd order).
  • The pass frequency of the narrowband filter advantageously lies in the range from 0.1 to 15 MHz. The pass frequency and the signal frequencies of the pulsoximeter do not overlap then, since the magnetic field strength of 1.5 T is the Larmor frequency of the protons 63.9 MHz.
  • It is yet more advantageous when the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 8 MHz.
  • In particular, the pass frequency of the narrowband filter can be substantially less than 10 MHz.
  • In a particularly advantageous embodiment, its evaluation unit can be integrated in the control electronics of an incubator, and is to be supplied by the latter with power.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a signal path from source to sink;
  • FIG. 2 shows the signal path of FIG. 1, with a filter;
  • FIG. 3 shows the frequency response of the signals of a nuclear magnetic resonance tomograph with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T; and
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the design of a pulsoximetry measuring device.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • As FIG. 1 shows, each signal is guided between source (Q) and sink (S) along a path (as a rule, an electric cable). The source is represented on the left, and the sink on the right. A minimum of four signal paths are required between sensor and OEM module in the exemplary pulsoximetry module:
    OEM
    Sensor module Description
    S Q Transmit light emitting diodes (+) pole
    S Q Transmit light emitting diodes (−) pole
    Q S Receive photodiode (+) pole
    Q S Receive photodiode (−) pole
  • The frequency spectra applied by the MRT are very narrowband in the respective equipment class, and so looping in a selective higher order rejection filter along each signal path between sensor and evaluation unit not only minimizes the abovementioned interference, but greatly reduces both HF coupling and eddy currents.
  • Such a rejection filter can be implemented in a simple and yet effective way as an LC element (passive filter of 2nd order), as is shown in FIG. 2. In the case of pulsoximetry, the useful frequency range (<<10 MHz) is far enough from that of MRT (42 . . . 130 MHz) for filtering not to cause any negative side effects.
  • FIG. 3 shows the frequency response in the case of the use of the rejection filter according to FIG. 2. The resonant frequency was tuned for an MRT system with a 1.5 T magnetic field strength which corresponds to a Lamor frequency of 63.9 MHz. In this range, the insertion loss is better than 40 dB.
  • This filtering is present on each of the four above-named signal paths between sensor and OEM module. The principle design of the pulsoximetry measuring device is shown in FIG. 4.
  • A sensor 1 is connected via a shielded cable 2 and filter 3 to the OEM module 4, which is connected, in turn, to an evaluation electronics 5. The filter 3, OEM module 4 and evaluation electronics 5 are arranged inside a shield housing 6 that is grounded at one point at 7.

Claims (20)

1. A pulsoximetry measuring device having a pulsoximeter sensor and a pulsoximeter module for evaluating and displaying the signals of the sensor, characterized in that the pulsoximeter module is provided with a shield, in that the shield is grounded only at one point, and in that each signal path is provided with a rejection filter having a narrowband passband.
2. The measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rejection filter has an LC element.
3. The measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 15 MHz.
4. The measuring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 8 MHz.
5. The measuring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter is substantially lower than 10 MHz.
6. The measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that its evaluation unit is integrated in control electronics of an incubator, and is supplied by the latter with power.
7. The measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
8. The measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the shield.
9. The measuring device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 15 MHz.
10. The measuring device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter lies in the range from 0.1 to 8 MHz.
11. The measuring device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the pass frequency of the narrowband filter is substantially lower than 10 MHz.
12. The measuring device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that its evaluation unit is integrated in control electronics of an incubator, and is supplied by the latter with power.
13. The measuring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that its evaluation unit is integrated in control electronics of an incubator, and is supplied by the latter with power.
14. The measuring device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that its evaluation unit is integrated in control electronics of an incubator, and is supplied by the latter with power.
15. The measuring device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that its evaluation unit is integrated in control electronics of an incubator, and is supplied by the latter with power.
16. The measuring device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
17. The measuring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
18. The measuring device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
19. The measuring device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
20. The measuring device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the rejection filters are arranged in the vicinity of plug-in connectors.
US11/791,433 2004-11-23 2005-11-23 Pulsoximetry Measuring Device Abandoned US20080033264A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102004056587.2 2004-11-23
DE102004056587A DE102004056587A1 (en) 2004-11-23 2004-11-23 Pulse oximetric measuring device
PCT/EP2005/012550 WO2006056430A1 (en) 2004-11-23 2005-11-23 Pulsoximetry measuring device

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WO (1) WO2006056430A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040116799A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-17 Ravi Srinivasan Compatibility of accessory to magnetic resonance
US20080249385A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Luong Ngoc Phan Isolated intravenous analyte monitoring system
US20090030641A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2009-01-29 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Monitoring and compensating for temperature-related error in an electrochemical sensor
US20090118604A1 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte monitoring system having back-up power source for use in either transport of the system or primary power loss
US20090143658A1 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-06-04 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte sensor
US20090188811A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-07-30 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Preparation and maintenance of sensors
US20100072062A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2010-03-25 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Membrane For Use With Amperometric Sensors
US20100108509A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte Sensor with Non-Working Electrode Layer
US20100243477A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-09-30 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte Sensor
US20110054284A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Anti-Coagulant Calibrant Infusion Fluid Source
US8991034B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2015-03-31 Covidien Lp Methods of manufacturing a compliant diaphragm medical sensor

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US4651099A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-03-17 Nmr Associates, Ltd. 1983-I Scan room for magnetic resonance imager
US4773422A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-09-27 Nonin Medical, Inc. Single channel pulse oximeter
US5159929A (en) * 1990-06-14 1992-11-03 Morris G Ronald Insulated rf shield
US5323776A (en) * 1992-10-15 1994-06-28 Picker International, Inc. MRI compatible pulse oximetry system
US5682883A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-11-04 Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Oxygen-17 NMR method of determining the quantitative rate of blood flow and metabolic oxygen consumption in a human
US5758644A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Masimo Corporation Manual and automatic probe calibration
US5864331A (en) * 1995-08-14 1999-01-26 General Electric Company Shielding system and method for an entertainment system for use with a magnetic resonance imaging device
US6697656B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2004-02-24 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry sensor compatible with multiple pulse oximetry systems
US20040106844A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2004-06-03 Torsten Lonneker-Lammers Incubator for newborn and prematurely born patients
US7519413B1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2009-04-14 S.A. Instruments, Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring motion in a strong magnetic field

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ES2323046T3 (en) * 2001-10-05 2009-07-06 Draeger Medical Systems, Inc. PATIENT SUPPORT DEVICE THAT HAS A LINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4651099A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-03-17 Nmr Associates, Ltd. 1983-I Scan room for magnetic resonance imager
US4773422A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-09-27 Nonin Medical, Inc. Single channel pulse oximeter
US5159929A (en) * 1990-06-14 1992-11-03 Morris G Ronald Insulated rf shield
US5323776A (en) * 1992-10-15 1994-06-28 Picker International, Inc. MRI compatible pulse oximetry system
US5682883A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-11-04 Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Oxygen-17 NMR method of determining the quantitative rate of blood flow and metabolic oxygen consumption in a human
US5758644A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Masimo Corporation Manual and automatic probe calibration
US5864331A (en) * 1995-08-14 1999-01-26 General Electric Company Shielding system and method for an entertainment system for use with a magnetic resonance imaging device
US6697656B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2004-02-24 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry sensor compatible with multiple pulse oximetry systems
US20040106844A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2004-06-03 Torsten Lonneker-Lammers Incubator for newborn and prematurely born patients
US7519413B1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2009-04-14 S.A. Instruments, Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring motion in a strong magnetic field

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040116799A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-17 Ravi Srinivasan Compatibility of accessory to magnetic resonance
US8991034B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2015-03-31 Covidien Lp Methods of manufacturing a compliant diaphragm medical sensor
US20090143658A1 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-06-04 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte sensor
US20080249385A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Luong Ngoc Phan Isolated intravenous analyte monitoring system
US8000918B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2011-08-16 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Monitoring and compensating for temperature-related error in an electrochemical sensor
US20090030641A1 (en) * 2007-10-23 2009-01-29 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Monitoring and compensating for temperature-related error in an electrochemical sensor
US20090118604A1 (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-07 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte monitoring system having back-up power source for use in either transport of the system or primary power loss
US20090188811A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-07-30 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Preparation and maintenance of sensors
US8834703B2 (en) 2007-11-28 2014-09-16 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Preparation and maintenance of sensors
US20100072062A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2010-03-25 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Membrane For Use With Amperometric Sensors
US20100243477A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-09-30 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte Sensor
US8900431B2 (en) 2008-08-27 2014-12-02 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte sensor
US20100108509A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Analyte Sensor with Non-Working Electrode Layer
US20110054284A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Anti-Coagulant Calibrant Infusion Fluid Source

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WO2006056430A1 (en) 2006-06-01
EP1814456A1 (en) 2007-08-08

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