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US20080022992A1 - Window device, diagnosis system for combustion processes, and combustion chamber - Google Patents

Window device, diagnosis system for combustion processes, and combustion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080022992A1
US20080022992A1 US11/891,299 US89129907A US2008022992A1 US 20080022992 A1 US20080022992 A1 US 20080022992A1 US 89129907 A US89129907 A US 89129907A US 2008022992 A1 US2008022992 A1 US 2008022992A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
window
coating
window device
accordance
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/891,299
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English (en)
Inventor
Claus Wahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Assigned to DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUER LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. reassignment DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUER LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WAHL, CLAUS
Publication of US20080022992A1 publication Critical patent/US20080022992A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
    • C03C17/008—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character comprising a mixture of materials covered by two or more of the groups C03C17/02, C03C17/06, C03C17/22 and C03C17/28
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
    • F23M11/042—Viewing ports of windows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/228—Other specific oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/006—Ignition installations combined with other systems, e.g. fuel injection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the subject matter disclosed in international application number PCT/EP2006/001524 of Feb. 21, 2006 and German application number 10 2005 009 285.3 of Feb. 22, 2005 which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and for all purposes.
  • the invention relates to a window device for a space laden with carbon-containing particles, in particular, for a combustion space, comprising at least one optically transparent window element.
  • a window device which can be employed in a simple way.
  • the at least one window element has a coating comprising an oxidation catalyst material for degradation of carbon-containing window contaminations.
  • Carbon-containing particles such as soot particles may settle on the at least one window element of the window device, or a layer of tar may also form on the at least one window element.
  • the transparency is thereby impaired, and, in the worst case, observation of the space is no longer possible, i.e., the window device no longer fulfills its function.
  • a coating consisting of an oxidation catalyst material for carbon is provided.
  • Carbon can thereby be catalytically oxidized to volatile constituents, in particular, during the combustion of hydrocarbons, so that window contaminations can be chemically degraded.
  • a self-cleaning effect for the corresponding window device is thereby provided, whereby the observability is, in turn, ensured.
  • the window device according to the invention may be provided as a separate device. It may also be, for example, part of an optical diagnosis system, which, for example, comprises one or more light guides.
  • a light guide may constitute a window element, and the coating is then disposed on the light guide.
  • the oxidation catalyst material is so selected that window contaminations are degradable above a limit temperature.
  • window contaminations are degradable above a limit temperature.
  • carbon-containing window contaminations such as layers of soot and layers of tar usually decompose by themselves.
  • Such deposits on windows can also be degraded at lower temperatures by means of an oxidation catalyst material.
  • deposits of carbon-containing material on windows are degradable above a temperature of from approximately 300° C. to 450° C.
  • the oxidation catalyst material comprises, in particular, a material from the 8 th subgroup of the Periodic Table.
  • the coating may consist of such a material, or further materials may be present in the coating. It is also possible for the coating to comprise different oxidation catalyst materials.
  • the coating comprises platinum.
  • Platinum acts as an oxidation catalyst material, by means of which carbon can be chemically transformed into volatile constituents.
  • the coating may be formed from platinum or comprise platinum.
  • the coating is made from platinum or platinum-rhodium.
  • the oxidation catalyst material comprises cerium oxide (CeO 2 ).
  • the coating may be entirely or partially made from cerium oxide. It is expected that the ignition temperature of soot will be reduced to 300° C. to 350° C. by cerium oxide as oxidation catalyst material.
  • the coating can be produced in a simple way by vapor-depositing. A thickness of the coating in the nanometer range or submicrometer range can thereby be produced, which has a sufficient oxidation catalyst property and, on the other hand, does not impair the transparency of the window element to any considerable degree.
  • the coating may be subjected to a temperature treatment. This may possibly ensure better adhesion of the corresponding coating; for example, the coating is sintered.
  • the coating forms a surface of the at least one window element, i.e., the coating on the window element faces outwards (so that it can face into the combustion space).
  • the coating prefferably face towards the inside area of the space laden with carbon-containing particles so as to be able to degrade window contaminations coming from the inside area.
  • a coating with a material from the 8 th subgroup of the Periodic Table and, in particular, a platinum coating or platinum-containing coating, or a coating with cerium oxide is used on an optically transparent window element for degradation of deposits of carbon-containing material on windows.
  • a diagnosis system for combustion processes which comprises at least one optical sensor and one or more window devices according to the invention.
  • the window device with the at least one optically transparent window element electromagnetic signals can be coupled out and fed to an optical sensor for detection.
  • the coupling-out of signals is ensured by the solution according to the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention may, for example, be formed on a light guide, or a window device may be provided, which is disposed in front of a light guide.
  • the solution according to the invention may be employed, in particular, in conjunction with a diagnosis system as described in DE 199 01 795 A1 and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,487,899.
  • a combustion chamber with a combustion space having at least one window device according to the invention, may be provided.
  • combustion space of such a combustion chamber can be observed by means of the at least one window device, with no mechanical cleaning of the window device being required or the cleaning intervals for the mechanical cleaning be considerably prolongable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a combustion chamber which is provided with an embodiment of a window device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a diagnosis system which is disposed on a combustion chamber
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the diagnosis system according to FIG. 2 in a sectional view.
  • a first embodiment of a window device according to the invention designated by 10 in FIG. 1 , comprises a window element 12 which is optically transparent.
  • the window element 12 is made, for example, of quartz glass.
  • the window element 12 is, for example, in the form of a window pane with flat surfaces 14 , 16 spaced apart in parallel relation to each other.
  • the window element 12 is held, for example, on a frame 18 .
  • the window device 10 is seated on a combustion chamber 20 .
  • the frame 18 is fixed to a combustion chamber wall 22 and held in this wall.
  • the combustion chamber 20 comprises a combustion space 24 which is laden with carbon-containing particles such as soot particles.
  • the carbon-containing particles result from the combustion (indicated by reference numeral 26 ) of, for example, hydrocarbons.
  • the carbon-containing particles may form a deposit on the window element 12 . Soot deposits, tar deposits, etc. may settle on the window element 12 . The optical transparency is thereby impaired.
  • a coating 28 facing towards the combustion chamber 24 is provided on the window element 12 .
  • This coating 28 contains an oxidation catalyst material or is formed by an oxidation catalyst material, by means of which carbon is catalytically oxidizable to volatile components. Carbon deposits on the window element 12 can thereby be disintegrated without any mechanical cleaning of the window element 12 being required for maintaining the optical transparency.
  • the coating 28 is formed by platinum or platinum-rhodium, or the coating contains platinum or platinum-rhodium as oxidation catalyst material.
  • the coating 28 is, for example, also possible for the coating 28 to be formed by cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) or for the coating to contain cerium oxide as oxidation catalyst material.
  • the oxidation catalyst material is vapor-deposited onto the window element 12 to produce the coating 28 .
  • the coating 28 forms a surface of the window element 12 , which faces into the combustion space 24 .
  • a coating is subjected to a temperature treatment in order to ensure better adhesion of the thus modified coating 28 .
  • the thickness of the coating lies in the nanometer range (with a thickness of a few nanometers) or in the submicrometer range.
  • the thickness of the coating should be comparable to the wavelength of light and, in particular, it should be smaller.
  • contaminations of the window element 12 can be degraded at least above certain temperatures, so that no mechanical cleaning is required.
  • a window device according to the invention with one or more coated window elements can be disposed directly on a combustion chamber 20 . It is also possible for one or more corresponding window devices to be disposed at a space such as, for example, a flue space, which is in communication with a combustion chamber 20 .
  • a diagnosis system for combustion processes is provided with one or more window devices according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 An example of a diagnosis system for combustion processes is shown schematically in FIG. 2 and designated there in its entirety by 30 . It comprises one or more diagnosis elements 32 insertable in a combustion space 34 in order to detect electromagnetic radiation occurring in the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion space 34 is enclosed by a combustion chamber wall 36 .
  • the diagnosis system 30 comprises, in particular, one or more optical sensors.
  • the diagnosis element 32 is, for example, in the form of a spark plug and has the usual spark plug elements and functions.
  • a screw-in member 38 is provided, which is screwable into a threaded bore 40 of the combustion chamber wall 36 and carries an earth electrode 42 on its side facing the combustion space 34 .
  • Such an earth electrode 42 is usually bent.
  • the screw-in member 38 comprises an external thread 39 .
  • a ceramic member 44 Inserted in the screw-in member 38 is a ceramic member 44 which insulates a high-voltage electrode 46 extending through the ceramic member 44 from the screw-in member 38 .
  • the high-voltage electrode 46 projects with a front end 48 over the ceramic member 44 and is seated at a defined distance from the earth electrode 42 so as to be able to generate the ignition spark.
  • the ceramic member 44 is provided with a number of through-holes 50 ( FIG. 3 ), which extend from an end portion 52 of the ceramic member 44 that is remote from the screw-in member 38 to a front end portion 54 of the ceramic member 44 that tapers conically in relation to the screw-in member 38 and projects into the combustion space 34 , and through this end portion 54 to an opening 56 on the combustion chamber side, which preferably lies close to the end 48 of the high-voltage electrode 46 at its combustion chamber side and in the region of a conical surface 58 of the front end portion 54 .
  • the conical surface 58 preferably extends conically in relation to an axis 60 which, at the same time, is the center axis of the high-voltage electrode 46 .
  • a light guide 62 Inserted in each of the through-holes 50 is a light guide 62 , which passes through the respective through-hole 50 and terminates with a light guide end 64 at the combustion chamber side.
  • the light guide end 64 is preferably disposed so as to still lie in the through-hole 50 extending through the ceramic member 44 at a distance from the opening 56 thereof at the combustion chamber side, so that a portion 66 of the through-hole 50 , which serves to protect the light guide end at the combustion chamber side, remains between the light guide end 64 at the combustion chamber side and the opening 56 at the combustion chamber side.
  • the portion 66 serves to define for the electromagnetic radiation entering from the combustion space 34 an aperture screen which sets an aperture A, with which it is possible to detect electromagnetic radiation from a spatial area 49 of the combustion space 34 .
  • the light guide end 64 may be provided with a coating corresponding to the coating 28 .
  • a window element is thereby formed by means of the light guide itself, and the coating (indicated by reference numeral 70 in FIG. 3 ) provides for a “self-cleaning” of the light guide end 64 with respect to carbon deposits.
  • a window device 72 comprising a window element with a coating as described hereinabove to be disposed at or in the proximity of the opening 56 .
  • the portion 66 and hence the light guide end 64 is mechanically closed off from the combustion space 34 by the window device 72 , so that no carbon-containing particles can reach the light guide end 64 .
  • the window device 72 with its oxidation catalyst material coating has, as described hereinabove, a self-cleaning effect.
  • the light guide ends 64 are formed or possibly ground such that a central direction of incidence E, forming a bisector of the aperture A, of the electromagnetic radiation coming from the combustion space 34 can run at an angle to the center axis 60 and preferably also at an angle to a longitudinal direction 74 of the through-hole 50 in a portion 76 of the through-hole 50 following on from the portion 66 , this portion 76 extending as far as an opening of the through-hole 50 , which is remote from the combustion space 34 , and from which, for example, the light guide 62 is led out and led to a diagnosis-compiling device 78 .
  • the diagnosis-compiling device 78 comprises one or more optical sensors, and, in particular, each light guide has its own optical sensor.
  • a diagnosis system 30 as described hereinabove is disclosed in DE 199 01 795 and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,487,899 and explained in more detail therein. Reference is made explicitly to this publication.
  • Combustion processes in the combustion space 34 can be analyzed and a diagnosis made with such a diagnosis system.
  • the combustion processes can, for example, be controlled on the basis of the diagnosis.
  • a deposit of carbon-containing material such as soot and/or tar can be degraded by the window device according to the invention (formed either by means of the light guide with the coating 70 or by a separate window device 72 ), i.e., a self-cleaning function can be provided.
  • the optical transparency is thereby ensured, so that light signals can reach the diagnosis-compiling device 78 with its optical sensors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
US11/891,299 2005-02-22 2007-08-09 Window device, diagnosis system for combustion processes, and combustion chamber Abandoned US20080022992A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005009285A DE102005009285B3 (de) 2005-02-22 2005-02-22 Fenstervorrichtung und Verwendung einer Fenstervorrichtung für ein Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge und für eine Brennkammer
DE102005009285.3 2005-02-22
PCT/EP2006/001524 WO2006089703A1 (fr) 2005-02-22 2006-02-21 Systeme de fenetre, systeme de diagnostic pour des processus de combustion et chambre de combustion

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/001524 Continuation WO2006089703A1 (fr) 2005-02-22 2006-02-21 Systeme de fenetre, systeme de diagnostic pour des processus de combustion et chambre de combustion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080022992A1 true US20080022992A1 (en) 2008-01-31

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US11/891,299 Abandoned US20080022992A1 (en) 2005-02-22 2007-08-09 Window device, diagnosis system for combustion processes, and combustion chamber

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080022992A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1851482A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005009285B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006089703A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

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EP2105673A1 (fr) 2008-03-27 2009-09-30 Fondis Vitre autonettoyante pour appareil de chauffage à combustion et à paroi vitrée
FR2939127A1 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-04 Saint Gobain Paroi transparente autonettoyante d'enceinte chauffante
US20130340696A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2013-12-26 Pascal Woerner Laser ignition device for an internal combustion engine
US9759178B2 (en) * 2013-08-26 2017-09-12 Shimadzu Corporation Plug built-in type optical measurement probe, and optical measurement device provided with the same
US9789252B2 (en) 2008-04-29 2017-10-17 Medtronic, Inc. Therapy program modification based on a therapy field model
US10099206B2 (en) 2015-11-19 2018-10-16 Schott Ag Catalytically active material, method for producing same, and use thereof

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FR2929375A1 (fr) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-02 Fondis Sa Procede d'auto-nettoyage en fonctionnement de la face interieure d'une vitre d'un appareil de chauffage
DE102008047236B3 (de) * 2008-09-08 2010-06-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zünden eines Brennstoff-Oxidator-Gemisches
DE102009029479A1 (de) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennraumfenster

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US4377086A (en) * 1980-03-26 1983-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sensor system
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US7482303B2 (en) * 2001-10-10 2009-01-27 Dominique Bosteels Catalytic burning reaction
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EP2105673A1 (fr) 2008-03-27 2009-09-30 Fondis Vitre autonettoyante pour appareil de chauffage à combustion et à paroi vitrée
FR2929374A1 (fr) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-02 Fondis Sa Vitre autonettoyante pour appareil de chauffage a combustion et a paroi vitree
US9789252B2 (en) 2008-04-29 2017-10-17 Medtronic, Inc. Therapy program modification based on a therapy field model
US10744260B2 (en) 2008-04-29 2020-08-18 Medtronic, Inc. Therapy program modification based on a therapy field model
US11986631B2 (en) 2008-04-29 2024-05-21 Medtronic, Inc. Therapy program modification based on a therapy field model
FR2939127A1 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-04 Saint Gobain Paroi transparente autonettoyante d'enceinte chauffante
US20130340696A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2013-12-26 Pascal Woerner Laser ignition device for an internal combustion engine
US9347421B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2016-05-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laser ignition device for an internal combustion engine
US9759178B2 (en) * 2013-08-26 2017-09-12 Shimadzu Corporation Plug built-in type optical measurement probe, and optical measurement device provided with the same
US10099206B2 (en) 2015-11-19 2018-10-16 Schott Ag Catalytically active material, method for producing same, and use thereof

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WO2006089703A1 (fr) 2006-08-31
DE102005009285B3 (de) 2006-09-21

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