US20060260185A1 - Fuel Additive and Catalyst Treatment Process - Google Patents
Fuel Additive and Catalyst Treatment Process Download PDFInfo
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- US20060260185A1 US20060260185A1 US11/380,674 US38067406A US2006260185A1 US 20060260185 A1 US20060260185 A1 US 20060260185A1 US 38067406 A US38067406 A US 38067406A US 2006260185 A1 US2006260185 A1 US 2006260185A1
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- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- cerium
- composition comprises
- group
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HZMBANJECWHRGE-GNOQXXQHSA-K cerium(3+);(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HZMBANJECWHRGE-GNOQXXQHSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BTVVNGIPFPKDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTVVNGIPFPKDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FXNONNRUNQPNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium;2-ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound [Ce].CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O FXNONNRUNQPNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 tetramine platinum metal complexes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004912 1,5-cyclooctadiene Substances 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- MBVAQOHBPXKYMF-LNTINUHCSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O MBVAQOHBPXKYMF-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJSPGKNKEZXVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C.[Ce] Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C.[Ce] YJSPGKNKEZXVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
- C10L1/301—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) derived from metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1216—Inorganic compounds metal compounds, e.g. hydrides, carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
Definitions
- Gasoline engines produce pollutants in the form or carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
- CO carbon monoxide
- HC unburned hydrocarbons
- NO x nitrogen oxides
- the present invention provides a gasoline fuel additive which meets the needs of the art with regard to the above-noted problems.
- the fuel additive of the invention will comprise platinum, preferably as platinum COD and cerium, preferably in a form dispersible or soluble in gasoline, e.g., cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
- Dosage rates for the gasoline will provide from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium.
- Ratios of the platinum to cerium preferably being within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100. High concentrations of platinum within this range are preferred, e.g., from 1.0 to 2.0. ppm platinum. High ratios of platinum to cerium are also preferred, e.g., from 1:5 to 1:25.
- the preferred fuels for treatment according to the invention are well known to those skilled in the art and usually contain a major portion of a normally-liquid fuel such as hydrocarbonaceous petroleum distillate fuel, e.g., motor gasoline as defined by ASTM Specification D-439-73, and suitable additives.
- a normally-liquid fuel such as hydrocarbonaceous petroleum distillate fuel, e.g., motor gasoline as defined by ASTM Specification D-439-73, and suitable additives.
- Such fuels can also contain non-hydrocarbonaceous materials such as alcohols, ethers, organo-nitro compounds and the like (e.g., methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, nitromethane).
- liquid fuels derived from vegetable or mineral sources such as corn, alfalfa, shale, and coal.
- Examples of such fuel mixtures are combinations of gasoline and ethanol, (i.e., gasohol) diesel fuel and ether, gasoline and nitromethane,
- any of the fuel-soluble platinum group metal compositions e.g., 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl (platinum COD), described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,050 to Bowers, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,034,020 to Epperly, et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,266,083 to Peter-Hoblyn, et al., can be employed as the platinum source.
- platinum COD 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl
- platinum group metal catalyst compositions include commercially-available or easily-synthesized platinum group metal acetylacetonates (acac), platinum group metal dibenzylidene acetonates, and fatty acid soaps of tetramine platinum metal complexes, e.g., tetramine platinum oleate.
- the platinum group metal is preferred at concentrations of 0.01-2.0 ppm platinum w/v, i.e., weight of platinum group metal in mg per volume of fuel in liters. Preferred levels are toward the lower end of this range, e.g., 0.1-0.5 ppm.
- Platinum COD is the preferred form of platinum for addition to the fuel.
- Dosage rates will be lower for continuous treatment and lower within the above range where the doses are intermittent and intended for immediate effect.
- the following example provides a formulation of a fuel additive and indicates the dosage level for use in a gasoline engine having an exhaust system including a catalytic converter. These formulations are representative and not limiting.
- the additive can also be made to provide 0.85/0.15 ppmw Pt/Rh by using a proportionate amount of concentrate (0.3% Rh from Rh(acac) 3 in toluene).
- the compositions above are designed to provide either 1.0 ppm Pt only or 1.0 ppmw Pt+15 ppm Ce in 20 gallons of gasoline from a single 75 ml dose.
- the additive of the invention can be blended with gasoline before, during or after fueling an engine.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Described are a gasoline fuel additive which meets the needs of the art with regard to the problems associated with inactivation of catalytic converters. The fuel additive will comprise platinum, preferably as platinum COD and cerium, preferably in a form dispersible or soluble in gasoline, e.g., cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate. Dosage rates for the gasoline will provide from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium. Ratios of the platinum to cerium are preferably within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100.
Description
- This claims priority to pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/676,445, filed Apr. 28, 2005, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Gasoline engines produce pollutants in the form or carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The advent and development of catalytic converters has provided significant reductions in these pollutants.
- However, as noted in U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,050, and others, these converters often lose their initial strong activity. The use of platinum group metal containing fuel borne catalysts is suggested by the above noted U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,050, but not all causes of reduced activity can be addressed by the presence of platinum alone.
- Significant development over many years has failed to fully address problems such as the loss of active cites on supported platinum catalysts due possibly to inactivation. Possible causes of inactivation are sulfur, phosphorous, hydrocarbons and/or carbon or partially carbonized hydrocarbons.
- There is a present need for a treatment for the catalysts and/or a fuel additive or fuel composition that would moderate, control or prevent such inactivation.
- The present invention provides a gasoline fuel additive which meets the needs of the art with regard to the above-noted problems. The fuel additive of the invention will comprise platinum, preferably as platinum COD and cerium, preferably in a form dispersible or soluble in gasoline, e.g., cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate. Dosage rates for the gasoline will provide from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium. Ratios of the platinum to cerium preferably being within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100. High concentrations of platinum within this range are preferred, e.g., from 1.0 to 2.0. ppm platinum. High ratios of platinum to cerium are also preferred, e.g., from 1:5 to 1:25.
- The preferred fuels for treatment according to the invention are well known to those skilled in the art and usually contain a major portion of a normally-liquid fuel such as hydrocarbonaceous petroleum distillate fuel, e.g., motor gasoline as defined by ASTM Specification D-439-73, and suitable additives. Such fuels can also contain non-hydrocarbonaceous materials such as alcohols, ethers, organo-nitro compounds and the like (e.g., methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, nitromethane). These are also within the scope of this invention, as are liquid fuels derived from vegetable or mineral sources such as corn, alfalfa, shale, and coal. Examples of such fuel mixtures are combinations of gasoline and ethanol, (i.e., gasohol) diesel fuel and ether, gasoline and nitromethane, etc. Particularly preferred fuels are gasoline combined with from 1 to 25% of ethanol.
- Any of the fuel-soluble platinum group metal compositions, e.g., 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl (platinum COD), described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,891,050 to Bowers, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,034,020 to Epperly, et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,266,083 to Peter-Hoblyn, et al., can be employed as the platinum source. Other suitable platinum group metal catalyst compositions include commercially-available or easily-synthesized platinum group metal acetylacetonates (acac), platinum group metal dibenzylidene acetonates, and fatty acid soaps of tetramine platinum metal complexes, e.g., tetramine platinum oleate. The platinum group metal is preferred at concentrations of 0.01-2.0 ppm platinum w/v, i.e., weight of platinum group metal in mg per volume of fuel in liters. Preferred levels are toward the lower end of this range, e.g., 0.1-0.5 ppm. Platinum COD is the preferred form of platinum for addition to the fuel.
- Dosage rates will be lower for continuous treatment and lower within the above range where the doses are intermittent and intended for immediate effect.
- The following example provides a formulation of a fuel additive and indicates the dosage level for use in a gasoline engine having an exhaust system including a catalytic converter. These formulations are representative and not limiting.
-
grams/liter 1 ppm Pt and 15 1 ppm Pt ppm Cerium Pt COD concentrate— 39.33 39.33 2% Pt metal as Pt COD (42.6 wt. % Pt) in toluene: 4.7% Pt COD and 95.3% toluene Cerium Octoate 0.00 98.67 12 wt. % Ce A150 Aromatic naphtha, balance balance flash point of 150° F. - This is an all Pt or all Pt+Ce formulation. The additive can also be made to provide 0.85/0.15 ppmw Pt/Rh by using a proportionate amount of concentrate (0.3% Rh from Rh(acac)3 in toluene). The compositions above are designed to provide either 1.0 ppm Pt only or 1.0 ppmw Pt+15 ppm Ce in 20 gallons of gasoline from a single 75 ml dose.
- The additive of the invention can be blended with gasoline before, during or after fueling an engine. When used as a treatment to reactivate a catalytic converter but not used as part of the routine fueling of the vehicle, it is preferably applied in several high dosages, e.g., for from 2 to 5 tanks full of gasoline.
- The above description is for the purpose of teaching the person of ordinary skill in the art how to practice the present invention, and it is not intended to detail all of those obvious modifications and variations of it which will become apparent to the skilled worker upon reading this description. It is intended, however, that all such obvious modifications and variations be included within the scope of the present invention which is defined by the following claims. The claims cover the indicated components and steps in all arrangements and sequences which are effective to meet the objectives intended for the invention, unless the context specifically indicates the contrary.
Claims (17)
1. A composition comprising gasoline and a fuel additive comprising a platinum group metal compostion, and a cerium composition which contains from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100.
3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl, platinum group metal acetylacetonate, platinum group metal dibenzylidene acetonates, and fatty acid soaps of tetramine platinum metal complexes.
4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100 and the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
6. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the gasoline comprises from 1 to 25% ethanol.
7. A process for rejuvenating a catalytic converter, comprising adding to gasoline an additive comprising a platinum group metal compostion, and a cerium composition which contains from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium.
8. A process according to claim 7 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100.
9. A process according to claim 7 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl, platinum group metal acetylacetonate, platinum group metal dibenzylidene acetonates, and fatty acid soaps of tetramine platinum metal complexes.
10. A process according to claim 7 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
11. A process according to claim 7 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100 and the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
12. A process according to claim 7 wherein the gasoline comprises from 1 to 25% ethanol.
13. A fuel additive comprising a platinum group metal compostion, and a cerium composition which contains from about 0.05 to about 2.0 ppm platinum and from about 1 to about 100 ppm cerium.
14. A fuel additive according to claim 13 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100.
15. A fuel additive according to claim 13 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl, platinum group metal acetylacetonate, platinum group metal dibenzylidene acetonates, and fatty acid soaps of tetramine platinum metal complexes.
16. A fuel additive according to claim 13 wherein the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
17. A fuel additive according to claim 13 wherein the ratio of the platinum to cerium is within the range of from 1:5 to 1:100 and the platinum composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of 1,5-cyclooctadiene platinum diphenyl and the cerium composition comprises cerium octoate, cerium oleate and/or cerium stearate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/380,674 US20060260185A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Fuel Additive and Catalyst Treatment Process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67644505P | 2005-04-28 | 2005-04-28 | |
| US11/380,674 US20060260185A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Fuel Additive and Catalyst Treatment Process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20060260185A1 true US20060260185A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
Family
ID=37446988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/380,674 Abandoned US20060260185A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Fuel Additive and Catalyst Treatment Process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060260185A1 (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9475005B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2016-10-25 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Three-way catalyst systems including Fe-activated Rh and Ba-Pd material compositions |
| US9511353B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | Firing (calcination) process and method related to metallic substrates coated with ZPGM catalyst |
| US9511358B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Spinel compositions and applications thereof |
| US9511350B2 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | ZPGM Diesel Oxidation Catalysts and methods of making and using same |
| US9545626B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2017-01-17 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Optimization of Zero-PGM washcoat and overcoat loadings on metallic substrate |
| US9555400B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2017-01-31 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Synergized PGM catalyst systems including platinum for TWC application |
| US9700841B2 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2017-07-11 | Byd Company Limited | Synergized PGM close-coupled catalysts for TWC applications |
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| US9771534B2 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2017-09-26 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | Diesel exhaust treatment systems and methods |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9511353B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | Firing (calcination) process and method related to metallic substrates coated with ZPGM catalyst |
| US9511350B2 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | ZPGM Diesel Oxidation Catalysts and methods of making and using same |
| US9771534B2 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2017-09-26 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. (Cdti) | Diesel exhaust treatment systems and methods |
| US9545626B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2017-01-17 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Optimization of Zero-PGM washcoat and overcoat loadings on metallic substrate |
| US9555400B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2017-01-31 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Synergized PGM catalyst systems including platinum for TWC application |
| US9511358B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2016-12-06 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Spinel compositions and applications thereof |
| US9475005B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2016-10-25 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Three-way catalyst systems including Fe-activated Rh and Ba-Pd material compositions |
| US9579604B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2017-02-28 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Base metal activated rhodium coatings for catalysts in three-way catalyst (TWC) applications |
| US9475004B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2016-10-25 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Rhodium-iron catalysts |
| US9731279B2 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2017-08-15 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Thermal stability of copper-manganese spinel as Zero PGM catalyst for TWC application |
| US9700841B2 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2017-07-11 | Byd Company Limited | Synergized PGM close-coupled catalysts for TWC applications |
| US9951706B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2018-04-24 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Calibration strategies to improve spinel mixed metal oxides catalytic converters |
| US10533472B2 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2020-01-14 | Cdti Advanced Materials, Inc. | Application of synergized-PGM with ultra-low PGM loadings as close-coupled three-way catalysts for internal combustion engines |
| US9861964B1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2018-01-09 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | Enhanced catalytic activity at the stoichiometric condition of zero-PGM catalysts for TWC applications |
| US10265684B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2019-04-23 | Cdti Advanced Materials, Inc. | Highly active and thermally stable coated gasoline particulate filters |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CLEAN DIESEL TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CONNECTICUT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VALENTINE, JAMES M.;SPRAGUE, BARRY N.;REEL/FRAME:017979/0184;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060709 TO 20060710 |
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| STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |