US20060078402A1 - Fastener - Google Patents
Fastener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060078402A1 US20060078402A1 US11/093,175 US9317505A US2006078402A1 US 20060078402 A1 US20060078402 A1 US 20060078402A1 US 9317505 A US9317505 A US 9317505A US 2006078402 A1 US2006078402 A1 US 2006078402A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fastener
- threaded
- parent material
- knurled surface
- threaded insert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/12—Nuts or like thread-engaging members with thread-engaging surfaces formed by inserted coil-springs, discs, or the like; Independent pieces of wound wire used as nuts; Threaded inserts for holes
- F16B37/122—Threaded inserts, e.g. "rampa bolts"
- F16B37/125—Threaded inserts, e.g. "rampa bolts" the external surface of the insert being threaded
- F16B37/127—Threaded inserts, e.g. "rampa bolts" the external surface of the insert being threaded and self-tapping
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fasteners and in particular to fasteners, such as threaded inserts, arranged in use to be self-threaded into a parent material of a workpiece.
- Threaded inserts are used to provide a strong wear resistant thread in a weak material such as a thermoplastic.
- fasteners have an external thread that either cuts or thread forms into the weak material.
- Such fasteners are known as ‘self tapping’ fasteners and it is to such fasteners that the invention has particular application.
- a threaded fastener such as a screw or bolt to the threaded insert may commence. Once a clamp condition occurs between a joint formed between the threaded insert and the mating component, as the threaded fastener continues to rotate friction develops along a contact surface between the threaded insert and the threaded fastener. The friction increases as the tensile load in the joint increases.
- the threaded insert may fail due to a number of mechanisms. If an air gap exists between the parent material and the threaded insert, the threaded insert may ‘jack out’. The threaded fastener may break or the thread formed in the threaded insert may be sheared. Also, the threaded insert may fail due to rotation caused by the threaded insert being partially jacked out and compressing the parent material if the material of the parent material is weaker than the material of the threaded insert thereby destroying the joint. The threaded insert may also fail by rotation where the thread formed by the threaded insert as it is inserted in the parent material becomes stripped and the threaded insert then continues to turn. This means both that no clamp load can then be created but also that it is very difficult to remove the threaded fastener as the threaded insert simply rotates with the parent material.
- Self tapping inserts have the advantage that they are quick to install and provide high pull-out performance as the external thread is almost at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the insert (the angle being determined by the helix angle).
- the low helix angle creates a low resistance to stripping by rotation.
- a fastener comprising a generally cylindrical body about which is formed a thread, the fastener having a first end and a second end, in which a first end of the fastener is provided with a knurled surface.
- the knurled surface is provided on a radially outwardly extending flange formed at the first end of the fastener.
- the knurled surface comprises a radial knurl or a parallel knurl.
- the knurled surface partially covers the first end of the fastener.
- the knurled surface is formed in a ring on the first end of the fastener.
- a leading edge of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
- the fastener is formed with a plurality of longitudinal flutes equally spaced about a periphery of the generally cylindrical body. More preferably, a leading edge of each portion of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
- FIG. 1 shows an end view of a first fastener in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a side view, partly in section, of the fastener shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 shows an end view of a second fastener in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows a side view, partly in section, of the fastener shown in FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 5 shows a side view, partly in section, of apparatus suitable for performing an application torque test.
- the fastener 2 comprises a generally cylindrical body 10 formed with an internal thread 12 .
- the fastener 2 comprises a radially outwardly extending flange 14 at a first end.
- the fastener 2 may be formed from any suitable material, though may usefully be manufactured from brass or steel.
- the internal thread 12 is adapted to receive a corresponding thread of a threaded fastener (not shown) in a conventional manner.
- the first end of the fastener 2 forms the front bearing face of the fastener 2 .
- the body 10 of the fastener 2 is provided with an external thread 16 .
- the external thread 16 is formed with a set of three longitudinal flutes 18 equally spaced about the periphery of the body 10 .
- Each of the flutes 18 is formed to have a depth substantially equal to the depth of the external thread 16 .
- the leading edge (having regard to the direction of rotation of the fastener 2 during insertion into the parent material) of each portion of the external thread 16 is formed with a cutting edge. The cutting edge assists in cutting of a thread in the parent material in which the fastener 2 is inserted.
- the radially outwardly extending flange 14 is provided with a knurled surface 20 .
- the knurled surface takes the form of a ring or annulus located centrally on the upper surface of the radially outwardly extending flange 14 .
- the knurled surface 20 may be a radial knurl (illustrated) or a parallel knurl. The knurled surface 20 need not cover completely the upper surface of the radially outwardly extending flange 14 to provide improved performance.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 An alternative embodiment of a fastener 3 in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
- the fastener 3 comprises a generally cylindrical body 11 formed with an internal thread 13 adapted to receive a corresponding thread of a threaded fastener (not shown) in a conventional manner.
- the body 11 of the fastener 3 is provided with an external thread 17 .
- the external thread 17 is formed with a set of three longitudinal flutes 19 equally spaced about the periphery of the body 11 .
- Each of the flutes 19 is formed to have a depth substantially equal to the depth of the external thread 17 .
- the leading edge (having regard to the direction of rotation of the fastener 3 during insertion into the parent material) of each portion of the external thread 17 is formed with a cutting edge. The cutting edge assists in cutting of a thread in the parent material in which the fastener 3 is inserted.
- the knurled surface takes the form of a ring or annulus located centrally on the upper surface of the radially outwardly extending flange 14 .
- the knurled surface 20 may be a radial knurl (illustrated) or a parallel knurl. The knurled surface 20 need not cover completely the upper surface of the radially outwardly extending flange 14 to provide improved performance.
- the fastener 3 is not provided with a radially outwardly flange and a knurled surface 21 is instead formed on an end face of the body 11 of the fastener 3 .
- Fasteners of the kind illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 were subjected to a number of torque tests. Fasteners of the kind illustrated but without the knurled surface 20 were also subjected to the same torque tests.
- One such test was an application torque test ( FIG. 5 ).
- a fastener 2 is located in a parent material 30 .
- a mating component 32 such as a plate is placed adjacent the parent material 30 .
- a threaded fastener 34 such as a screw bolt, is then inserted through an opening in the mating component 32 and into the fastener 2 .
- a washer 36 has been placed between a headed portion 38 of the threaded fastener 34 and the mating component 32 .
- the threaded fastener 34 is then tightened as indicated by the headed arrows to clamp the mating component 32 to the parent material 30 .
- the threaded fastener 34 is further tightened in increments until a desired loading is achieved or failure occurs.
- the illustrated fasteners were found to withstand a much greater application of torque than those without the knurled surface 20 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to fasteners and in particular to fasteners, such as threaded inserts, arranged in use to be self-threaded into a parent material of a workpiece. A threaded insert may fail due to a number of mechanisms, including I) due to rotation caused by the threaded insert being partially jacked out and compressing the parent material if the material of the parent material is weaker than the material of the threaded insert thereby destroying the joint or ii) by rotation where the thread formed by the threaded insert as it is inserted in the parent material becomes stripped and the threaded insert then continues to turn. A fastener (2,3) is disclosed comprising a generally cylindrical body (10,11) about which is formed a thread (16,17), the fastener having a first end and a second end, in which a first end of the fastener is provided with a knurled surface (20,21). This has the advantage that an insert having improved torque performance is provided.
Description
- The present invention relates to fasteners and in particular to fasteners, such as threaded inserts, arranged in use to be self-threaded into a parent material of a workpiece.
- Threaded inserts are used to provide a strong wear resistant thread in a weak material such as a thermoplastic.
- It is known to provide inserts with an external knurl form around a shank portion thereof. The knurl form is used for installation of the fastener using heat, ultrasonics or simple press fit.
- Other fasteners have an external thread that either cuts or thread forms into the weak material. Such fasteners are known as ‘self tapping’ fasteners and it is to such fasteners that the invention has particular application.
- In use, once a threaded insert has been installed in the parent material and a mating component is placed in position, assembly of a threaded fastener, such as a screw or bolt to the threaded insert may commence. Once a clamp condition occurs between a joint formed between the threaded insert and the mating component, as the threaded fastener continues to rotate friction develops along a contact surface between the threaded insert and the threaded fastener. The friction increases as the tensile load in the joint increases.
- The threaded insert may fail due to a number of mechanisms. If an air gap exists between the parent material and the threaded insert, the threaded insert may ‘jack out’. The threaded fastener may break or the thread formed in the threaded insert may be sheared. Also, the threaded insert may fail due to rotation caused by the threaded insert being partially jacked out and compressing the parent material if the material of the parent material is weaker than the material of the threaded insert thereby destroying the joint. The threaded insert may also fail by rotation where the thread formed by the threaded insert as it is inserted in the parent material becomes stripped and the threaded insert then continues to turn. This means both that no clamp load can then be created but also that it is very difficult to remove the threaded fastener as the threaded insert simply rotates with the parent material.
- It is known to reduce this problem by the use of threaded inserts having a headed portion to provide a greater bearing surface to resist compression of the parent material. While this may prevent partial jacking out, known externally threaded inserts still fail due to rotation, in particular if the bearing surfaces of the threaded insert and the threaded fastener are smooth and near frictionless.
- Self tapping inserts have the advantage that they are quick to install and provide high pull-out performance as the external thread is almost at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the insert (the angle being determined by the helix angle). The low helix angle creates a low resistance to stripping by rotation.
- It is an advantage of the present invention that an insert having improved torque performance is provided for.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention a fastener is provided comprising a generally cylindrical body about which is formed a thread, the fastener having a first end and a second end, in which a first end of the fastener is provided with a knurled surface.
- Preferably, the knurled surface is provided on a radially outwardly extending flange formed at the first end of the fastener.
- Preferably, the knurled surface comprises a radial knurl or a parallel knurl.
- Preferably, the knurled surface partially covers the first end of the fastener.
- Preferably, the knurled surface is formed in a ring on the first end of the fastener.
- Preferably, a leading edge of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
- Alternatively, the fastener is formed with a plurality of longitudinal flutes equally spaced about a periphery of the generally cylindrical body. More preferably, a leading edge of each portion of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
- The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows an end view of a first fastener in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 2 shows a side view, partly in section, of the fastener shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 shows an end view of a second fastener in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 4 shows a side view, partly in section, of the fastener shown inFIG. 3 ; and -
FIG. 5 shows a side view, partly in section, of apparatus suitable for performing an application torque test. - Referring first to
FIGS. 1 and 2 afastener 2 is shown. Thefastener 2 comprises a generallycylindrical body 10 formed with aninternal thread 12. In the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 , thefastener 2 comprises a radially outwardly extendingflange 14 at a first end. Thefastener 2 may be formed from any suitable material, though may usefully be manufactured from brass or steel. Theinternal thread 12 is adapted to receive a corresponding thread of a threaded fastener (not shown) in a conventional manner. - In use, the first end of the
fastener 2 forms the front bearing face of thefastener 2. - The
body 10 of thefastener 2 is provided with anexternal thread 16. In the illustrated embodiment, theexternal thread 16 is formed with a set of threelongitudinal flutes 18 equally spaced about the periphery of thebody 10. Each of theflutes 18 is formed to have a depth substantially equal to the depth of theexternal thread 16. Advantageously, the leading edge (having regard to the direction of rotation of thefastener 2 during insertion into the parent material) of each portion of theexternal thread 16 is formed with a cutting edge. The cutting edge assists in cutting of a thread in the parent material in which thefastener 2 is inserted. - The radially outwardly extending
flange 14 is provided with aknurled surface 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the knurled surface takes the form of a ring or annulus located centrally on the upper surface of the radially outwardly extendingflange 14. By way of example, theknurled surface 20 may be a radial knurl (illustrated) or a parallel knurl. Theknurled surface 20 need not cover completely the upper surface of the radially outwardly extendingflange 14 to provide improved performance. - By using either a radial knurl or a parallel knurl formed into a ring on the top surface of the
fastener 2 that can either completely or partially cover the front bearing face of thefastener 2 improved performance is achieved. As the clamping force increases, the knurl embeds itself into the parent material, thereby resisting the attempt of thefastener 2 to rotate. - An alternative embodiment of a
fastener 3 in accordance with the present invention is shown inFIGS. 3 and 4 . - The
fastener 3 comprises a generallycylindrical body 11 formed with aninternal thread 13 adapted to receive a corresponding thread of a threaded fastener (not shown) in a conventional manner. - The
body 11 of thefastener 3 is provided with anexternal thread 17. In the illustrated embodiment, theexternal thread 17 is formed with a set of threelongitudinal flutes 19 equally spaced about the periphery of thebody 11. Each of theflutes 19 is formed to have a depth substantially equal to the depth of theexternal thread 17. Advantageously, the leading edge (having regard to the direction of rotation of thefastener 3 during insertion into the parent material) of each portion of theexternal thread 17 is formed with a cutting edge. The cutting edge assists in cutting of a thread in the parent material in which thefastener 3 is inserted. - In the illustrated embodiment, the knurled surface takes the form of a ring or annulus located centrally on the upper surface of the radially outwardly extending
flange 14. By way of example, theknurled surface 20 may be a radial knurl (illustrated) or a parallel knurl. Theknurled surface 20 need not cover completely the upper surface of the radially outwardly extendingflange 14 to provide improved performance. - The
fastener 3 is not provided with a radially outwardly flange and aknurled surface 21 is instead formed on an end face of thebody 11 of thefastener 3. - By using either a radial knurl or a parallel knurl formed into a ring on the top surface of the
fastener fastener fastener - Fasteners of the kind illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2 and as illustrated inFIGS. 3 and 4 were subjected to a number of torque tests. Fasteners of the kind illustrated but without theknurled surface 20 were also subjected to the same torque tests. One such test was an application torque test (FIG. 5 ). In this test afastener 2 is located in aparent material 30. Amating component 32 such as a plate is placed adjacent theparent material 30. A threadedfastener 34, such as a screw bolt, is then inserted through an opening in themating component 32 and into thefastener 2. InFIG. 3 a washer 36 has been placed between a headedportion 38 of the threadedfastener 34 and themating component 32. The threadedfastener 34 is then tightened as indicated by the headed arrows to clamp themating component 32 to theparent material 30. The threadedfastener 34 is further tightened in increments until a desired loading is achieved or failure occurs. The illustrated fasteners were found to withstand a much greater application of torque than those without theknurled surface 20.
Claims (8)
1. A fastener comprising a generally cylindrical body about which is formed a thread, the fastener having at first end and a second end, in which a first end of the fastener is provided with a knurled surface.
2. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which the knurled surface is provided on a radially outwardly extending flange formed at the first end of the fastener.
3. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which the knurled surface comprises a radial knurl or a parallel knurl.
4. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which the knurled surface partially covers the first end of the fastener.
5. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which the knurled surface is formed in a ring on the first end of the fastener.
6. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which a leading edge of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
7. A fastener according to claim 1 , in which the fastener is formed with a plurality of longitudinal flutes equally spaced about a periphery of the generally cylindrical body.
8. A fastener accordingly to claim 7 in which a leading edge of each portion of the external thread is formed with a cutting edge.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/093,175 US20060078402A1 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2005-03-29 | Fastener |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0407778.0 | 2004-04-06 | ||
GBGB0407778.0A GB0407778D0 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2004-04-06 | Improvements in and relating to a fastener |
US10/927,208 US7203989B2 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-08-26 | Buffing ball made of foam material |
US11/093,175 US20060078402A1 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2005-03-29 | Fastener |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/927,208 Continuation-In-Part US7203989B2 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-08-26 | Buffing ball made of foam material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060078402A1 true US20060078402A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=36145520
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/093,175 Abandoned US20060078402A1 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2005-03-29 | Fastener |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060078402A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008078343A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | S.B.E. SOCIETÁ BULLONERIA EUROPEA S.p.A. | Coupling element for connecting accessories to the chassis of vehicles |
US20080310933A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. | Locking Fastening Apparatus |
US20100303581A1 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-02 | Steven Dean Eggers | Plastic Product With Insert |
US20130195568A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2013-08-01 | Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Horn Gmbh | Tool for machining a workpiece |
CN104121058A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-29 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Engine lubrication system and oil duct seal assembly thereof |
WO2021163763A1 (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-08-26 | Floatpac Pty Ltd | Modular raft system |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2208532A (en) * | 1938-10-15 | 1940-07-16 | United Carr Fastener Corp | Nut member |
US2444145A (en) * | 1943-05-24 | 1948-06-29 | Rosan Joseph | Insert and use of same |
US3101763A (en) * | 1959-06-01 | 1963-08-27 | M & S Mfg Co | Cleat mounting washer |
US3177755A (en) * | 1962-05-07 | 1965-04-13 | Gen American Transporation Cor | Wallboard screws |
US3281173A (en) * | 1965-01-08 | 1966-10-25 | Rosan Eng Corp | Insert having an integral locking collar |
US3319690A (en) * | 1964-01-02 | 1967-05-16 | Rosan Eng Corp | Top driven locking insert |
US3405591A (en) * | 1966-11-28 | 1968-10-15 | Neuschotz Robert | Threaded elements having deformable spacers |
US4003287A (en) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-01-18 | Yardley Products Corporation | Insert of the self-tapping fluted type |
US5064323A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-12 | Tappex Thread Inserts Limited | Self-threading fastener |
US20020102146A1 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-08-01 | General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. | Self-tapping insert, insert assembly, and method for mounting the insert |
-
2005
- 2005-03-29 US US11/093,175 patent/US20060078402A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2208532A (en) * | 1938-10-15 | 1940-07-16 | United Carr Fastener Corp | Nut member |
US2444145A (en) * | 1943-05-24 | 1948-06-29 | Rosan Joseph | Insert and use of same |
US3101763A (en) * | 1959-06-01 | 1963-08-27 | M & S Mfg Co | Cleat mounting washer |
US3177755A (en) * | 1962-05-07 | 1965-04-13 | Gen American Transporation Cor | Wallboard screws |
US3319690A (en) * | 1964-01-02 | 1967-05-16 | Rosan Eng Corp | Top driven locking insert |
US3281173A (en) * | 1965-01-08 | 1966-10-25 | Rosan Eng Corp | Insert having an integral locking collar |
US3405591A (en) * | 1966-11-28 | 1968-10-15 | Neuschotz Robert | Threaded elements having deformable spacers |
US4003287A (en) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-01-18 | Yardley Products Corporation | Insert of the self-tapping fluted type |
US5064323A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-12 | Tappex Thread Inserts Limited | Self-threading fastener |
US20020102146A1 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-08-01 | General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. | Self-tapping insert, insert assembly, and method for mounting the insert |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008078343A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | S.B.E. SOCIETÁ BULLONERIA EUROPEA S.p.A. | Coupling element for connecting accessories to the chassis of vehicles |
US20080310933A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. | Locking Fastening Apparatus |
US7922433B2 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2011-04-12 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. | Locking fastening apparatus |
US20100303581A1 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-02 | Steven Dean Eggers | Plastic Product With Insert |
US9028185B2 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2015-05-12 | Custom-Pak, Inc. | Plastic product with insert |
US9651080B2 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2017-05-16 | Custom-Pak, Inc. | Method for attaching plastic product with insert |
US20130195568A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2013-08-01 | Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Horn Gmbh | Tool for machining a workpiece |
US9272343B2 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2016-03-01 | Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Horn Gmbh | Tool for machining a workpiece |
CN104121058A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-29 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Engine lubrication system and oil duct seal assembly thereof |
WO2021163763A1 (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-08-26 | Floatpac Pty Ltd | Modular raft system |
GB2608913A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2023-01-18 | Floating Solar Australia Pty Ltd | Modular raft system |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TAPPEX THREAD INSERTS LIMITED, UNITED KINGDOM Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BARNSDALE, TIMOTHY JOHN RODERICK;REEL/FRAME:017019/0190 Effective date: 20050928 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |