US20060024196A1 - Antimicrobial and deodorizing product - Google Patents
Antimicrobial and deodorizing product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060024196A1 US20060024196A1 US11/152,863 US15286305A US2006024196A1 US 20060024196 A1 US20060024196 A1 US 20060024196A1 US 15286305 A US15286305 A US 15286305A US 2006024196 A1 US2006024196 A1 US 2006024196A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating solution
- titanium
- titanium oxide
- solution
- titanium phosphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B titanium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035985 Body Odor Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588747 Klebsiella pneumoniae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034133 Pathogen resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000178231 Rosmarinus officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910003087 TiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019674 grape juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical class S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/23—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets
- A61L2/238—Metals or alloys, e.g. oligodynamic metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to antimicrobial and deodorizing products, and more particularly, to sterilizing and deodorizing products that are safe and nonpoisonous and have a lasting effect.
- the invention has particularly utility in treating surfaces in closed spaces such as building walls and will be described in connection with such utility, although other utilities such as for sterilizing and deodorizing closed vehicles such as cars and trains, planes and boats, clothing and shoes, etc., are contemplated.
- indoor air quality is increasingly an issue in the United States and elsewhere because improvements in construction have made buildings more air tight in order to achieve energy efficiency in heating and cooling. Without adequate ventilation, indoor air pollutants are more likely to build up and may be the source of health concerns.
- Typical pollutants include mold and bacteria including the Legionella bacterium, as well as various chemical outgases such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, styrene, ethyl benzene, zylene and other chemicals which may lead to so-called “sick house” syndrome.
- Odors including cooking odors, body odors, spoiled food odors, smoke, pet odors, bathroom odors, perspiration and the like may also build up in a closed environment.
- Titanium oxide will generate an electron with strong reduction capabilities and an electron hole with strong oxidative capacity under UV radiation.
- organic compounds that come in contact with titanium oxide under UV radiation will decompose according to an oxidation/reduction reaction.
- the titanium oxide acts as a catalyst whereby to decompose or deodorize organic materials that come in contact with it. Because the titanium oxide acts as a catalyst, it is not consumed. Thus, the titanium oxide will last for a long time.
- titanium oxide has two drawbacks. First, it only works in the presence of strong light. Secondly, it is potentially corrosive or harmful to many surfaces (wood, metal and concrete). Thus, titanium oxide catalytic antibacterial/deodorizer has been employed primarily on ceramic and the like surfaces.
- Titanium phosphate also has been used as a catalytic topical cleaning agent. Titanium phosphate like titanium dioxide acts as a catalyst in the decomposition of the organic materials and the like. However, unlike titanium oxide, titanium phosphate is activated by the presence of moisture and oxygen. Thus, titanium phosphate primarily has been used as a catalytic additive to cleaning materials.
- the present invention provides an advanced type of antibacterial and deodorizing material which combines a photocatalyst, such as titanium oxide, preferably titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and an oxygen/moisture activated catalyst such as titanium phosphate in an easy to apply solution which may be applied to surfaces such as walls and dried in place leaving both titanium oxide and titanium phosphate on the surface.
- a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide, preferably titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and an oxygen/moisture activated catalyst such as titanium phosphate in an easy to apply solution which may be applied to surfaces such as walls and dried in place leaving both titanium oxide and titanium phosphate on the surface.
- the resultant treated surface will continuously break down volatile toxic organic substances and odors both in the presence of UV light or oxygen and moisture.
- silver ions up to 5 to 10% by weight, and/or one or more additional bactericidal substances, e.g. essential oils or phytoncides obtained from various plants including eucalyptus, onion, rosemary and the like
- the titanium phosphate in the mixture sets up before the titanium oxide and helps to create a protective coating protecting the surface to which the product is applied against potentially corrosive or harmful action of the titanium oxide on that surface as well as acting as part of the binder to that surface.
- the mixture of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate appears to be synergistic when applied to surfaces in combination with silver ions and/or one or more phytoncides.
- the solution of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate made in accordance with the present invention has been found to be effective in controlling and reducing bacteria, virus, mold and mildew.
- the solutions also are effective against odors such as cooking odors, body odors, spoiled food odors, smoke, pet odors, bathroom odors, perspiration, and tobacco and also various outgassed chemicals such as ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, styrene, and other volatiles, as well as nitric and sulfuric acids.
- the solution may be applied to wall, floor and ceiling surfaces, fabric, leather goods and the like, including clothing, shoes, linen, storage closets, etc., automobile, airplane, train and boat cabins leaving the treated surfaces and surrounding areas clean smelling and virus and mold free.
- Dry titanium oxide and titanium phosphate particles are ground to fine powder, typically between one millimicron and one micron average size and mixed in a carrier such as water. Grinding the particles small enough results in the particles essentially remaining suspended in solution in the water. If the particles are larger than colloidal dimensions they will tend to precipitate if heavier than the suspending medium, or to agglomerate and rise to the surface, if lighter. Also, the smaller the particles, the more effective the product per unit and the more transparent it is once applied and dried on a surface. However, if desired, the carrier may be stirred to assist in maintaining the titanium oxide and the titanium phosphate particles in suspension.
- one or more phytoncides, silver ions and/or metal oxides such as zinc oxide or tin oxide also may be added to the solution to enhance its deodorizing effects, bacterial resistance and anti-mildew effects.
- the suspended solution may then be applied to a surface, such as a wall, by brushing or spray coating, and dried in place.
- the ratio of titanium oxide to titanium phosphate contained in the solution may vary widely. Typically, the ratio of titanium oxide to titanium phosphate may be from 0.1 to 10:10 to 0.1 parts by weight. Preferably the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate are present in equal amounts, by weight.
- the solids loading of the solution also may vary widely. However, from a standpoint of economy of storage and shipment, and ease of application, the solids loading should be as close to saturation as possible.
- a suspension of equal parts by weight of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate in water is sprayed onto a test surface, and allowed to dry. The following tests were run:
- the present invention has been shown effective against klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus.
- a laboratory test employing standard measurement techniques in which a nutrient broth was cultured for 18 hours at 37° C. for treated an untreated surfaces, both the bacteriostatic activity rate and the antibacterial activity rate exceeded established thresholds (of 2.2 and 0.0 respectively).
- Performing the same test on the present invention after having washed five times the cloth on to which the invention had been applied resulted in a live bacterial count of 7.6 ⁇ 10 4 which resulted in a bacteriostatic activity rate of 2.8 and an antibacterial activity rate of 0.2.
- the untreated surface yielded a substantially higher live bacterial count of 3.4 ⁇ 10 7 .
- the invention retained some of its antibacterial properties.
- the ability of the present invention to remove offensive odors was tested in connection with three causes of odors—hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and formaldehyde. (Initial concentrations were 20 ppm, 50 ppm and 8 ppm respectively.) After placing 1.06 g of the invention on a glass plate (10 cm ⁇ 10 cm) in a 2 liter container for six hours, the concentrations of the three gases were measured again. The resulting concentrations were 13 ppm, 1 ppm and 0 ppm respectively, resulting in reducing effectiveness of 35%, 98% and 100% against the three odors. Similar results have been measured against acetaldehyde—a major cause of tobacco smell. Other studies show that the impact of the invention upon target substances is not immediate, but, depending on the balance of the volume of the product and the concentration of the target substance, sometimes takes hours or days before the resulting concentrations fall below 1 ppm.
- the present invention has also been demonstrated effective in reducing certain volatile organic compounds.
- Tests conducted in public high schools in Japan, for example yield the following results: Formaldehyde (0.08)* Toluene (0.07)* Xylene (0.20)* Room Prior 1st 2nd 3rd Prior 1st 2nd 3rd Prior 1st 2nd 3rd 1A 0.088 0.040 0.005 0 0.355 0.080 0.060 0.020 0.710 0.160 0.120 0.040 1B 0.088 0.044 0.005 0 0.250 0.100 0.080 0.020 0.500 0.200 0.160 0.040 1C 0.110 0.052 0.005 0 0.357 0.130 0.100 0.035 0.750 0.260 0.200 0.070 2A 0.105 0.024 0.010 0 0.280 0.070 0.050 0.020 0.560 0.140 0.100 0.040 2B 0.100 0.030 0.010 0 0.265 0.130 0.100 0.025 0.530 0.260 0.200 0.050
- the titanium phosphate acts as a protective binder against the corrosive effects of the titanium dioxide on the surface to which the product is applied. That is because the titanium phosphate sets up before the titanium dioxide and helps to create a protective binder for the surface to which the product is applied against the potentially corrosive or destructive power of the titanium dioxide itself on many surfaces to which it is applied. This feature makes it much easier to apply the titanium dioxide, enabling it to be applied outside of a factory setting.
- phytoncides may be added to provide an essentially immediate impact upon odors when applied. The present invention, however, demonstrates a greater immediate effect than if only phytoncides had been applied.
- the present invention provides a coating exhibiting anti bacterial and deodorizing activities that are long lasting and effective against a variety of organic materials.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
An indoor anti-microbial and deodorizing coating solution comprising titanium oxide and titanium phosphate in a liquid carrier.
Description
- The present application claims priority under 35 USC § 119 from Japanese Patent Application Serial No. 00040701, filed Jul. 30, 2004, the contents of which are incorporated by reference.
- 1. Field of Invention
- The present invention relates generally to antimicrobial and deodorizing products, and more particularly, to sterilizing and deodorizing products that are safe and nonpoisonous and have a lasting effect. The invention has particularly utility in treating surfaces in closed spaces such as building walls and will be described in connection with such utility, although other utilities such as for sterilizing and deodorizing closed vehicles such as cars and trains, planes and boats, clothing and shoes, etc., are contemplated.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- Indoor air quality is increasingly an issue in the United States and elsewhere because improvements in construction have made buildings more air tight in order to achieve energy efficiency in heating and cooling. Without adequate ventilation, indoor air pollutants are more likely to build up and may be the source of health concerns. Typical pollutants include mold and bacteria including the Legionella bacterium, as well as various chemical outgases such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, styrene, ethyl benzene, zylene and other chemicals which may lead to so-called “sick house” syndrome. Odors including cooking odors, body odors, spoiled food odors, smoke, pet odors, bathroom odors, perspiration and the like may also build up in a closed environment.
- Recently it has been proposed to use a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide TiOx (1<x<2) as an antibacterial/deodorizer to make toilets self-cleaning. Titanium oxide will generate an electron with strong reduction capabilities and an electron hole with strong oxidative capacity under UV radiation. Thus, organic compounds that come in contact with titanium oxide under UV radiation will decompose according to an oxidation/reduction reaction. More specifically, the titanium oxide acts as a catalyst whereby to decompose or deodorize organic materials that come in contact with it. Because the titanium oxide acts as a catalyst, it is not consumed. Thus, the titanium oxide will last for a long time.
- However, titanium oxide has two drawbacks. First, it only works in the presence of strong light. Secondly, it is potentially corrosive or harmful to many surfaces (wood, metal and concrete). Thus, titanium oxide catalytic antibacterial/deodorizer has been employed primarily on ceramic and the like surfaces.
- Titanium phosphate also has been used as a catalytic topical cleaning agent. Titanium phosphate like titanium dioxide acts as a catalyst in the decomposition of the organic materials and the like. However, unlike titanium oxide, titanium phosphate is activated by the presence of moisture and oxygen. Thus, titanium phosphate primarily has been used as a catalytic additive to cleaning materials.
- The present invention provides an advanced type of antibacterial and deodorizing material which combines a photocatalyst, such as titanium oxide, preferably titanium dioxide (TiO2) and an oxygen/moisture activated catalyst such as titanium phosphate in an easy to apply solution which may be applied to surfaces such as walls and dried in place leaving both titanium oxide and titanium phosphate on the surface. The resultant treated surface will continuously break down volatile toxic organic substances and odors both in the presence of UV light or oxygen and moisture. Optionally, silver ions up to 5 to 10% by weight, and/or one or more additional bactericidal substances, e.g. essential oils or phytoncides obtained from various plants including eucalyptus, onion, rosemary and the like, up to 5 to 10% by weight, may be included in the solution.
- The titanium phosphate in the mixture sets up before the titanium oxide and helps to create a protective coating protecting the surface to which the product is applied against potentially corrosive or harmful action of the titanium oxide on that surface as well as acting as part of the binder to that surface. Moreover, the mixture of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate appears to be synergistic when applied to surfaces in combination with silver ions and/or one or more phytoncides.
- The solution of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate made in accordance with the present invention has been found to be effective in controlling and reducing bacteria, virus, mold and mildew. The solutions also are effective against odors such as cooking odors, body odors, spoiled food odors, smoke, pet odors, bathroom odors, perspiration, and tobacco and also various outgassed chemicals such as ethylbenzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, styrene, and other volatiles, as well as nitric and sulfuric acids. The solution may be applied to wall, floor and ceiling surfaces, fabric, leather goods and the like, including clothing, shoes, linen, storage closets, etc., automobile, airplane, train and boat cabins leaving the treated surfaces and surrounding areas clean smelling and virus and mold free.
- Preparation of the catalytic sterilizing and deodorizing product of the present invention will be described below.
- Dry titanium oxide and titanium phosphate particles are ground to fine powder, typically between one millimicron and one micron average size and mixed in a carrier such as water. Grinding the particles small enough results in the particles essentially remaining suspended in solution in the water. If the particles are larger than colloidal dimensions they will tend to precipitate if heavier than the suspending medium, or to agglomerate and rise to the surface, if lighter. Also, the smaller the particles, the more effective the product per unit and the more transparent it is once applied and dried on a surface. However, if desired, the carrier may be stirred to assist in maintaining the titanium oxide and the titanium phosphate particles in suspension. If desired, one or more phytoncides, silver ions and/or metal oxides such as zinc oxide or tin oxide also may be added to the solution to enhance its deodorizing effects, bacterial resistance and anti-mildew effects. The suspended solution may then be applied to a surface, such as a wall, by brushing or spray coating, and dried in place.
- The ratio of titanium oxide to titanium phosphate contained in the solution may vary widely. Typically, the ratio of titanium oxide to titanium phosphate may be from 0.1 to 10:10 to 0.1 parts by weight. Preferably the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate are present in equal amounts, by weight. The solids loading of the solution also may vary widely. However, from a standpoint of economy of storage and shipment, and ease of application, the solids loading should be as close to saturation as possible.
- Further features and advantages of the present invention will be seen from the following working examples:
- A suspension of equal parts by weight of titanium oxide and titanium phosphate in water is sprayed onto a test surface, and allowed to dry. The following tests were run:
- Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Mold Effect
- Anti-Bacterial Test
- The present invention has been shown effective against klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. In a laboratory test employing standard measurement techniques in which a nutrient broth was cultured for 18 hours at 37° C. for treated an untreated surfaces, both the bacteriostatic activity rate and the antibacterial activity rate exceeded established thresholds (of 2.2 and 0.0 respectively). Performing the same test on the present invention after having washed five times the cloth on to which the invention had been applied resulted in a live bacterial count of 7.6×104 which resulted in a bacteriostatic activity rate of 2.8 and an antibacterial activity rate of 0.2. In contrast, the untreated surface yielded a substantially higher live bacterial count of 3.4×107. Thus, even after five washings, the invention retained some of its antibacterial properties.
- Anti-Mold Test
- Several less formal tests have also been made on molds. Significant reduction in an unspecified mold in a sheet of plaster of paris was visually determined in 3 days. The same surface was essentially mold free two months later. A further test of black mold from grape juice on an outside surface showed significant reduction in 3 days. A further test of the invention against a combination of mold and bacteria on an outside surface showed a substantial difference between an outside wooden surface half of which was treated with the invention and half of which was not.
- Deodorizing Effect
- The ability of the present invention to remove offensive odors was tested in connection with three causes of odors—hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and formaldehyde. (Initial concentrations were 20 ppm, 50 ppm and 8 ppm respectively.) After placing 1.06 g of the invention on a glass plate (10 cm×10 cm) in a 2 liter container for six hours, the concentrations of the three gases were measured again. The resulting concentrations were 13 ppm, 1 ppm and 0 ppm respectively, resulting in reducing effectiveness of 35%, 98% and 100% against the three odors. Similar results have been measured against acetaldehyde—a major cause of tobacco smell. Other studies show that the impact of the invention upon target substances is not immediate, but, depending on the balance of the volume of the product and the concentration of the target substance, sometimes takes hours or days before the resulting concentrations fall below 1 ppm.
- VOC Reduction
- The present invention has also been demonstrated effective in reducing certain volatile organic compounds. Tests conducted in public high schools in Japan, for example yield the following results:
Formaldehyde (0.08)* Toluene (0.07)* Xylene (0.20)* Room Prior 1st 2nd 3rd Prior 1st 2nd 3rd Prior 1st 2nd 3rd 1A 0.088 0.040 0.005 0 0.355 0.080 0.060 0.020 0.710 0.160 0.120 0.040 1B 0.088 0.044 0.005 0 0.250 0.100 0.080 0.020 0.500 0.200 0.160 0.040 1C 0.110 0.052 0.005 0 0.357 0.130 0.100 0.035 0.750 0.260 0.200 0.070 2A 0.105 0.024 0.010 0 0.280 0.070 0.050 0.020 0.560 0.140 0.100 0.040 2B 0.100 0.030 0.010 0 0.265 0.130 0.100 0.025 0.530 0.260 0.200 0.050 2C 0.105 0.020 0.010 0 0.300 0.130 0.100 0.030 0.600 0.260 0.200 0.060 3A 0.100 0.060 0.007 0 0.400 0.100 0.080 0.030 0.800 0.200 0.160 0.060 3B 0.105 0.050 0.007 0 0.350 0.120 0.100 0.050 0.700 0.240 0.200 0.100 3C 0.100 0.040 0.009 0 0.350 0.120 0.100 0.050 0.700 0.240 0.200 0.100
*bracketed amounts are Japanese Ministry of Health Guidelines Units: ppm
Measurement dates and times - Prior to application
1st test after applicant 5 days later 2nd test after application 14 days later 3rd test after application 21 days later - Locations where measurements were taken:
1st Floor 1A: large room 1B: elective 1C: dressing room classroom 2nd Floor 2A: boys room 2B: classroom 2C: classroom 3rd Floor 3A: hallway/lobby 3B: classroom 3C: classroom - The present invention has several features and advantages over the prior art. For one, the titanium phosphate acts as a protective binder against the corrosive effects of the titanium dioxide on the surface to which the product is applied. That is because the titanium phosphate sets up before the titanium dioxide and helps to create a protective binder for the surface to which the product is applied against the potentially corrosive or destructive power of the titanium dioxide itself on many surfaces to which it is applied. This feature makes it much easier to apply the titanium dioxide, enabling it to be applied outside of a factory setting. Also, phytoncides may be added to provide an essentially immediate impact upon odors when applied. The present invention, however, demonstrates a greater immediate effect than if only phytoncides had been applied. This result is unexpected because both titanium dioxide and titanium phosphate were thought take time to have an affect on volatile organic compounds as well as mold, bacteria and fungus. One possible explanation for the observed synergistic effect is that the phytoncides are broken up into smaller particles in the spray of the present invention because of the small size of the titanium dioxide, titanium phosphate or other ingredients.
- Various changes may be made in the foregoing without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, other carriers which may be water based or oil based may be used. However, water is preferred in that it will not add to the volatile load in the building. Also, the titanium dioxide/titanium phosphate mixture may be added to paint and applied to wall surfaces, etc., or the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate may be added as an aerosol.
- This is thus seen the present invention provides a coating exhibiting anti bacterial and deodorizing activities that are long lasting and effective against a variety of organic materials.
Claims (14)
1. An indoor anti-microbial and deodorizing coating solution comprising titanium oxide and titanium phosphate particles in a liquid carrier.
2. The coating solution of claim 1 , wherein the titanium oxide comprises titanium dioxide.
3. The indoor coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate particles are between 1 millimicron and 1 micron average size.
4. The coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carrier comprises an aqueous based carrier.
5. The coating solution as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the aqueous solution comprises water.
6. The coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more phytoncides.
7. The coating solution as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the phytoncide comprises 5 to 10% by weight of the solution.
8. The coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising silver ions.
9. The coating solution as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the silver ions comprise up to 5 to 10% by weight of the solution.
10. The coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising zinc oxide or tin oxide.
11. The coating solution as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate are present in a ratio of 0.1 to 10:10 to 0.1 parts by weight.
12. The coating solution as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate are present in equal amounts.
13. The coating solution as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the titanium oxide and titanium phosphate are applied in an aerosol.
14. A method of sterilizing and deodorizing a surface which comprises applying the coating solution of claim 1 to the surface and drying the solution in place.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/152,863 US20060024196A1 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2005-06-15 | Antimicrobial and deodorizing product |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP00040701 | 2004-07-30 | ||
US11/152,863 US20060024196A1 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2005-06-15 | Antimicrobial and deodorizing product |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060024196A1 true US20060024196A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
Family
ID=35732412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/152,863 Abandoned US20060024196A1 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2005-06-15 | Antimicrobial and deodorizing product |
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US20110045237A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-24 | Ripley Kimberly | Elimination of odor caused by laser-etching leather |
US20140245270A1 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-28 | Red Hat, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing context simulation |
US9211502B2 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2015-12-15 | Ctrap Ab | Covering and method for trapping of emissions from surfaces |
JP2017537188A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-12-14 | ポスコPosco | ENVIRONMENTAL HORMONE DECOMPOSING COMPOSITION, COATED STEEL STEEL USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
IT202000020527A1 (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-02-27 | Cemastir Lavametalli S R L | METHOD FOR SANITIZING OBJECTS AND RELATED SANITATION DEVICE. |
US12304811B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2025-05-20 | Housh Khoshbin | Ozone-based contaminant eradication system and method |
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US20110045237A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-24 | Ripley Kimberly | Elimination of odor caused by laser-etching leather |
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JP2017537188A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-12-14 | ポスコPosco | ENVIRONMENTAL HORMONE DECOMPOSING COMPOSITION, COATED STEEL STEEL USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
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US12304811B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2025-05-20 | Housh Khoshbin | Ozone-based contaminant eradication system and method |
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Owner name: DELPHI LABORATORIES, INC., NEW HAMPSHIRE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SHIMADA, YASUHIRO;REEL/FRAME:016694/0763 Effective date: 20050613 |
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