US20040105762A1 - Compressor in which heat transfer in a cylinder head is controlled - Google Patents
Compressor in which heat transfer in a cylinder head is controlled Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20040105762A1 US20040105762A1 US10/721,327 US72132703A US2004105762A1 US 20040105762 A1 US20040105762 A1 US 20040105762A1 US 72132703 A US72132703 A US 72132703A US 2004105762 A1 US2004105762 A1 US 2004105762A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- cylinder head
- compressor
- discharge chamber
- suction chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
- F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
- F04B27/1045—Cylinders
Definitions
- This invention relates to a compressor for use in, for example, a refrigerating circuit of an automotive air conditioner.
- a compressor of the type comprises a compressor housing having a cylinder bore, a cylinder head defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber each of which is communicable with the cylinder bore, a piston inserted into the cylinder bore, and a driving mechanism for driving reciprocal motion of the piston.
- a refrigerant travels from the refrigerant suction chamber through the cylinder bore to the refrigerant discharge chamber.
- the cylinder head is made of a good heat conductor, such as aluminum.
- a carbon dioxide refrigerant as an inert gas is preferably used in view of environment protection.
- a working pressure is about ten times greater than that of a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the durability of the compressor by using high-strength materials for various parts of the compressor and/or by increasing the thickness of the compressor housing. For example, it is necessary to design the compressor so as to withstand an explosion pressure up to 30 MPa at a discharge temperature of about 160-170° C.
- the refrigerant at a temperature of about 30-40° C. flows into the refrigerant suction chamber.
- the refrigerant within the refrigerant discharge chamber has a temperature of about 80-170° C.
- the cylinder head defining the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber is made of a heat conductor so that the heat of such a high-temperature refrigerant within the refrigerant discharge chamber is easily transmitted to the refrigerant suction chamber.
- the temperature of the refrigerant in the suction chamber is elevated and the density of the gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber is decreased.
- the refrigerating ability is lowered. If the compressor is used in the automotive air conditioner, fuel consumption is increased.
- JP 2001-515174 A discloses a compressor in which each of a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber has an inner surface covered with an insulator. With this structure, heat transfer between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber is suppressed.
- an additional element such as the insulator, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are increased. This results in a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost.
- a compressor comprising a compressor housing, a plurality of cylinder bores made in the compressor housing and spaced from one another in a circumferential direction of the compressor, a plurality of pistons reciprocally movable in the cylinder bores, respectively, and a cylinder head opposite to one end of the compressor housing and defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber each of which communicates with the cylinder bores, the cylinder head having a space located between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of this invention
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a rear view of the cylinder head illustrated in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a second embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a rear view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a third embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the swash plate 4 is connected through a hinge 7 a to a rotor 7 rotating integrally with the drive shaft 5 .
- the swash plate 4 is tiltably rotated.
- the swash plate 4 is urged towards the pistons 3 by a coil spring 7 b wound around the drive shaft 5 .
- the compressor further comprises a cylinder head 10 disposed to be opposite to one end of the compressor housing 1 and a valve plate 9 interposed between the compressor housing 1 and the cylinder head 10 .
- the cylinder head 10 has a refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and a refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b .
- the cylinder head 10 defines the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b .
- the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b communicate with each of the cylinder bores 2 through a refrigerant suction port 9 a and a refrigerant discharge port 9 b of the valve plate 9 , respectively.
- the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b is disposed at a radially center area of the cylinder head 10 while the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a in an annular shape is formed around the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b.
- the valve plate 9 is provided with a valve stopper 9 c inside the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b .
- the valve plate 9 cooperates with a part of the valve plate 9 to control an aperture of the refrigerant discharge port 9 b to a predetermined or desired aperture.
- each piston 3 reciprocally moves in an axial direction.
- the refrigerant is sucked from the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a in the cylinder head 10 into the cylinder bores 2 and then discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b in the cylinder head 10 .
- each piston 3 Due to a pressure difference between the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and a crank chamber 1 a of the compressor housing 1 , each piston 3 is applied with a pressure on its rear side (on the side of the crank chamber 1 a ). Depending upon the above-mentioned pressure, the stroke of each piston 3 and the tilting angle of the swash plate 4 are changed so that the discharge volume of the refrigerant is varied.
- the cylinder head 10 comprises a first part 101 defining the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and a second part 102 defining the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b .
- the cylinder head 11 is formed with a space 10 c located between the first part 101 and the second part 102 .
- the space 10 c is formed by a groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head 11
- the space 10 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b and has a depth nearly reaching a particular end face 100 of the cylinder head 10 . Furthermore, the space 10 c is divided in a circumferential direction of the cylinder head 10 into a plurality of, i.e., three small spaces 10 c - 1 , 10 c - 2 , and 10 c - 3 .
- a reinforcing part 10 d is formed to extend towards both the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b.
- the space 10 c formed between the first and the second parts 101 and 102 serves to insulate the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b from each other. Therefore, any additional element such as an insulator is not required so that a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost can be avoided.
- the space 10 c is formed by the groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head 10 . Therefore, the space 10 c can be kept in a low-temperature condition by ambient air. This contributes to a further increase of a heat insulation effect between the refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b.
- the space 10 c is divided in the circumferential direction of the cylinder head 10 into a plurality of, i.e., three small spaces 10 c - 1 , 10 c - 2 , and 10 c - 3 . Between every adjacent small spaces 10 c - 1 , 10 c - 2 , and 10 c - 3 , the reinforcing part 10 d is formed. With this structure, it is possible to reliably prevent a decrease in mechanical strength of the cylinder head 10 due to presence of the space 10 c and to improve the durability.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 the description will be made of a compressor according to a second embodiment of this invention. Similar parts are designated by like reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.
- a cylinder head 11 has a refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and a refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b .
- the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b communicate with each of the cylinder bores 2 through a refrigerant suction port 9 d and a refrigerant discharge port 9 e of the valve plate 9 , respectively.
- the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a is disposed at a radially center area of the cylinder head 11 while the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b in an annular shape is formed around the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a .
- the valve plate 9 is provided with a valve stopper 9 f for the refrigerant discharge port 9 e.
- the cylinder head 11 comprises a first part 111 defining the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b and a second part 112 defining the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a .
- the cylinder head 11 is formed with a space 11 c located between the first part 111 and the second part 112 .
- the space 11 c is formed by a groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head 11 . More in detail, the space 11 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b and has a depth nearly reaching a particular end face 110 of the cylinder head 11 .
- the space 11 c is divided in a circumferential direction of the cylinder head 11 into a plurality of, i.e., three small spaces 11 c - 1 , 11 c - 2 , and 11 c - 3 . Between every adjacent ones of the small spaces 11 c - 1 , 11 c - 2 , and 11 c - 3 , a reinforcing part 11 d is formed to extend towards both the first and the second parts 111 and 112 of the cylindrical head 11 .
- the cylinder head 11 is provided with a plurality of heat-release protrusions or ribs 11 e formed on an outer surface of the first part 111 . More in detail, the ribs 11 e are formed at a plurality of positions on the outer surface of the first part 111 of the cylinder head 11 and are spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the cylinder head 11 .
- the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b is formed around the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a , i.e., on an outer peripheral side of the cylinder head 11 , a large contact area is assured between the outer surface of the first part 111 and ambient air.
- the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b can actively be released towards the outer surface of the cylinder head 11 .
- heat transfer from the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b to the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a is suppressed so as to further improve the heat insulation effect of the space 11 c .
- the ribs 11 e formed on the outer surface of the first part 111 of the cylinder head 11 contribute to promotion of the heat release from the outer surface of the cylinder head 11 . Therefore, it is possible to yet further improve the heat insulation effect of the space 11 c.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 the description will be made of a compressor according to a third embodiment of this invention. Similar parts are designated by like reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- a cylinder head 12 has a refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and a refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b .
- the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b communicate with each of the cylinder bores 2 through the refrigerant suction port 9 a and the refrigerant discharge port 9 b of the valve plate, respectively.
- the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b is disposed at a radially center area of the cylinder head 12 while the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a in an annular shape is formed around the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b .
- the cylinder head 12 is provided with a first space 12 c located between the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b .
- the first space 12 c is formed by a groove which opens on the side of one end face (on the side adjacent to the compressor housing 1 ) of the cylinder head 12 . More in detail, the first space 12 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b and has a depth nearly reaching the other end face (on the side opposite to the compressor housing 1 ) of the cylinder head 12 .
- the first space 12 c is divided in a circumferential direction of the cylinder head 12 into a plurality of parts. Between every adjacent parts of the space 12 c , a reinforcing part 12 d is formed to extend towards both the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b . Each reinforcing part 12 d is provided with a second space 12 e located between the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b .
- the second space 12 e is formed by a hole which opens on the side of one end face (on the side adjacent to the compressor housing 1 ) of the cylinder head 12 .
- the cylinder head 12 has a first refrigerant path 12 f defined by a small hole for communication between the first space 12 c and the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a , and a second refrigerant path 12 g for communication between the second space 12 e and the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a .
- the refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a flows through the refrigerant paths 12 f and 12 g into the spaces 12 c and 12 e , respectively.
- the first refrigerant path 12 f is defined by the small hole formed at a general center of the cylinder head 12 in the thickness direction.
- the second refrigerant path 12 g is defined by a groove formed at one end face of the cylinder head 12 .
- the second refrigerant path 12 g may be understood as a gap left between the cylinder head 12 and the valve plate 9 .
- the refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a is sucked into each of the cylinder bores 2 and then discharged from the cylinder bore 2 to the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b .
- the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b are thermally insulated by the first and the second spaces 12 c and 12 e formed between the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 12 b.
- each of the first and the second spaces 12 c and 12 e is tightly sealed with respect to the outside of the cylinder head 12 and the refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber 12 a is introduced into the first and the second spaces 12 c and 12 e through the first and the second refrigerant paths 12 f and 12 g , respectively. Therefore, each of the spaces 12 c and 12 e can be kept in a low-temperature condition by the suction-side refrigerant low in temperature so that the heat insulation effect of the first and the second spaces 12 c and 12 e can further be improved.
- this invention is not limited to such a swash-plate compressor but may be applicable to other various types of compressors, such as a vibration compressor, a scroll-type compressor, and a vane-type compressor, as far as the compressor has a structure in which the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber are closely adjacent to each other. Furthermore, in a compressor using chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant, the similar effect can be obtained.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
In a compressor having a cylinder head defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber, the cylinder head is provided with a space located between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber. The cylinder head is disposed at one end of a compressor housing so that each of the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber communicates with a plurality of cylinder bores disposed within the compressor housing and spaced from one another in a circumferential direction. In each cylinder bore, a piston reciprocally movable is disposed.
Description
- The present application claims priority to prior Japanese application JP 2002-350215, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- This invention relates to a compressor for use in, for example, a refrigerating circuit of an automotive air conditioner.
- A compressor of the type comprises a compressor housing having a cylinder bore, a cylinder head defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber each of which is communicable with the cylinder bore, a piston inserted into the cylinder bore, and a driving mechanism for driving reciprocal motion of the piston. When the piston reciprocally moves in the cylinder bore, a refrigerant travels from the refrigerant suction chamber through the cylinder bore to the refrigerant discharge chamber. Generally, the cylinder head is made of a good heat conductor, such as aluminum. As the refrigerant, a carbon dioxide refrigerant as an inert gas is preferably used in view of environment protection.
- However, in case where the carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, a working pressure is about ten times greater than that of a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the durability of the compressor by using high-strength materials for various parts of the compressor and/or by increasing the thickness of the compressor housing. For example, it is necessary to design the compressor so as to withstand an explosion pressure up to 30 MPa at a discharge temperature of about 160-170° C.
- Further, in case where the carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, the refrigerant at a temperature of about 30-40° C. flows into the refrigerant suction chamber. On the other hand, the refrigerant within the refrigerant discharge chamber has a temperature of about 80-170° C. Thus, the difference in temperature between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber is great. The cylinder head defining the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber is made of a heat conductor so that the heat of such a high-temperature refrigerant within the refrigerant discharge chamber is easily transmitted to the refrigerant suction chamber. Accordingly, the temperature of the refrigerant in the suction chamber is elevated and the density of the gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber is decreased. This brings about a reduction in mass flow rate of the refrigerant, leading to a decrease in compression efficiency. As a result, the refrigerating ability is lowered. If the compressor is used in the automotive air conditioner, fuel consumption is increased.
- In view of the above, Japanese Patent Application Publication 2001-515174 (JP 2001-515174 A) discloses a compressor in which each of a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber has an inner surface covered with an insulator. With this structure, heat transfer between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber is suppressed. However, in case where heat insulation is realized by the use of an additional element such as the insulator, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are increased. This results in a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost.
- It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a compressor capable of reliably preventing temperature elevation of a suction-side refrigerant due to heat transfer from a refrigerant discharge chamber without using an additional element, such as an insulator.
- According to an aspect of this invention, there is provided a compressor comprising a compressor housing, a plurality of cylinder bores made in the compressor housing and spaced from one another in a circumferential direction of the compressor, a plurality of pistons reciprocally movable in the cylinder bores, respectively, and a cylinder head opposite to one end of the compressor housing and defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber each of which communicates with the cylinder bores, the cylinder head having a space located between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a first embodiment of this invention;
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a rear view of the cylinder head illustrated in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a second embodiment of this invention;
- FIG. 5 is a rear view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor according to a third embodiment of this invention; and
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a cylinder head used in the compressor illustrated in FIG. 6.
- Referring to FIGS. 1 through 3, description will be made of a compressor according to a first embodiment of this invention.
- The compressor illustrated in the figure comprises a
compressor housing 1, a plurality ofcylinder bores 2 disposed in thecompressor housing 1 and spaced from one another in a circumferential direction, a plurality ofpistons 3 reciprocally movable in thecylinder bores 2, respectively, aswash plate 4 slidably engaged with one ends of thepistons 3, and adrive shaft 5 for rotating theswash plate 4. Thedrive shaft 5 has one end coupled with apulley 6. By supplying an external drive force to thepulley 6, thedrive shaft 5 is rotated. - The
swash plate 4 is connected through ahinge 7 a to arotor 7 rotating integrally with thedrive shaft 5. Thus, theswash plate 4 is tiltably rotated. Herein, theswash plate 4 is urged towards thepistons 3 by acoil spring 7 b wound around thedrive shaft 5. - The compressor further comprises a
cylinder head 10 disposed to be opposite to one end of thecompressor housing 1 and avalve plate 9 interposed between thecompressor housing 1 and thecylinder head 10. Thecylinder head 10 has arefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and a refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. In other words, thecylinder head 10 defines therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. Therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b communicate with each of thecylinder bores 2 through arefrigerant suction port 9 a and arefrigerant discharge port 9 b of thevalve plate 9, respectively. In this case, the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b is disposed at a radially center area of thecylinder head 10 while therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a in an annular shape is formed around the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. - The
valve plate 9 is provided with avalve stopper 9 c inside the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. Thevalve plate 9 cooperates with a part of thevalve plate 9 to control an aperture of therefrigerant discharge port 9 b to a predetermined or desired aperture. - When the
drive shaft 5 is rotated in response to the external drive force supplied to thepulley 6, theswash plate 4 is rotated together with thedrive shaft 5. Owing to the inclination of theswash plate 4, eachpiston 3 reciprocally moves in an axial direction. As a consequence, the refrigerant is sucked from therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a in thecylinder head 10 into thecylinder bores 2 and then discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b in thecylinder head 10. Due to a pressure difference between therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and a crank chamber 1 a of thecompressor housing 1, eachpiston 3 is applied with a pressure on its rear side (on the side of the crank chamber 1 a). Depending upon the above-mentioned pressure, the stroke of eachpiston 3 and the tilting angle of theswash plate 4 are changed so that the discharge volume of the refrigerant is varied. - The
cylinder head 10 comprises afirst part 101 defining therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and asecond part 102 defining the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. The cylinder head 11 is formed with aspace 10 c located between thefirst part 101 and thesecond part 102. Thespace 10 c is formed by a groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head 11 - More in detail, the
space 10 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b and has a depth nearly reaching aparticular end face 100 of thecylinder head 10. Furthermore, thespace 10 c is divided in a circumferential direction of thecylinder head 10 into a plurality of, i.e., threesmall spaces 10 c-1, 10 c-2, and 10 c-3. Between every adjacent ones of thesmall spaces 10 c-1, 10 c-2, and 10 c-3, a reinforcingpart 10 d is formed to extend towards both therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. - By reciprocal motion of each of the
pistons 3, the refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a is sucked into each of thecylinder bores 2 and then discharged from thecylinder bore 2 to the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. During this process, a temperature difference is produced between the refrigerant or suction-side refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant or discharge-side refrigerant in the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. However, since thespace 10 c is formed between the first and thesecond parts refrigerant suction chamber 10 a due to heat transfer from the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. - With the compressor described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 through 3, the
space 10 c formed between the first and thesecond parts refrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b from each other. Therefore, any additional element such as an insulator is not required so that a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost can be avoided. - Furthermore, the
space 10 c is formed by the groove which opens to the outside of thecylinder head 10. Therefore, thespace 10 c can be kept in a low-temperature condition by ambient air. This contributes to a further increase of a heat insulation effect between therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b. - The
space 10 c is divided in the circumferential direction of thecylinder head 10 into a plurality of, i.e., threesmall spaces 10 c-1, 10 c-2, and 10 c-3. Between every adjacentsmall spaces 10 c-1, 10 c-2, and 10 c-3, the reinforcingpart 10 d is formed. With this structure, it is possible to reliably prevent a decrease in mechanical strength of thecylinder head 10 due to presence of thespace 10 c and to improve the durability. - Furthermore, even if the temperature difference between the suction-side refrigerant and the discharge-side refrigerant is great, temperature elevation of the suction-side refrigerant due to heat transfer from the refrigerant discharge chamber10 b can reliably be prevented as described above. This allows the use of a carbon dioxide refrigerant high in working pressure. The use of the carbon dioxide refrigerant makes it possible to realize a refrigerant circuit advantageous in environment protection, leading to an extremely large advantage in case where the compressor is used in an automotive air conditioner.
- Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the description will be made of a compressor according to a second embodiment of this invention. Similar parts are designated by like reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.
- A cylinder head11 has a refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and a refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b. The refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b communicate with each of the cylinder bores 2 through a
refrigerant suction port 9 d and arefrigerant discharge port 9 e of thevalve plate 9, respectively. The refrigerant suction chamber 11 a is disposed at a radially center area of the cylinder head 11 while the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b in an annular shape is formed around the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a. Inside the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a, thevalve plate 9 is provided with avalve stopper 9 f for therefrigerant discharge port 9 e. - The cylinder head11 comprises a first part 111 defining the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b and a second part 112 defining the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a. The cylinder head 11 is formed with a space 11 c located between the first part 111 and the second part 112. The space 11 c is formed by a groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head 11. More in detail, the space 11 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b and has a depth nearly reaching a particular end face 110 of the cylinder head 11.
- The space11 c is divided in a circumferential direction of the cylinder head 11 into a plurality of, i.e., three small spaces 11 c-1, 11 c-2, and 11 c-3. Between every adjacent ones of the small spaces 11 c-1, 11 c-2, and 11 c-3, a reinforcing part 11 d is formed to extend towards both the first and the second parts 111 and 112 of the cylindrical head 11.
- The cylinder head11 is provided with a plurality of heat-release protrusions or ribs 11 e formed on an outer surface of the first part 111. More in detail, the ribs 11 e are formed at a plurality of positions on the outer surface of the first part 111 of the cylinder head 11 and are spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the cylinder head 11.
- By reciprocal motion of each of the
pistons 3, the refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a is sucked into each of the cylinder bores 2 and then discharged from the cylinder bore 2 to the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b. Since the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a and the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b are insulated by the space 11 c formed therebetween, a temperature difference between the refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 10 a and the refrigerant in the refrigerant discharge chamber 10 b causes no problem. - Since the refrigerant discharge chamber11 b is formed around the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a, i.e., on an outer peripheral side of the cylinder head 11, a large contact area is assured between the outer surface of the first part 111 and ambient air. Thus, the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b can actively be released towards the outer surface of the cylinder head 11. As a consequence, heat transfer from the refrigerant discharge chamber 11 b to the refrigerant suction chamber 11 a is suppressed so as to further improve the heat insulation effect of the space 11 c. In addition, the ribs 11 e formed on the outer surface of the first part 111 of the cylinder head 11 contribute to promotion of the heat release from the outer surface of the cylinder head 11. Therefore, it is possible to yet further improve the heat insulation effect of the space 11 c.
- Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the description will be made of a compressor according to a third embodiment of this invention. Similar parts are designated by like reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- A
cylinder head 12 has arefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and arefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. Therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b communicate with each of the cylinder bores 2 through therefrigerant suction port 9 a and therefrigerant discharge port 9 b of the valve plate, respectively. Therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b is disposed at a radially center area of thecylinder head 12 while therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a in an annular shape is formed around therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. Thecylinder head 12 is provided with afirst space 12 c located between therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. Thefirst space 12 c is formed by a groove which opens on the side of one end face (on the side adjacent to the compressor housing 1) of thecylinder head 12. More in detail, thefirst space 12 c is formed along a circumferential direction of each of therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b and has a depth nearly reaching the other end face (on the side opposite to the compressor housing 1) of thecylinder head 12. - The
first space 12 c is divided in a circumferential direction of thecylinder head 12 into a plurality of parts. Between every adjacent parts of thespace 12 c, a reinforcingpart 12 d is formed to extend towards both therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. Each reinforcingpart 12 d is provided with asecond space 12 e located between therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. Thesecond space 12 e is formed by a hole which opens on the side of one end face (on the side adjacent to the compressor housing 1) of thecylinder head 12. Thus, each of the first and thesecond spaces cylinder head 12. - The
cylinder head 12 has a firstrefrigerant path 12 f defined by a small hole for communication between thefirst space 12 c and therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a, and a secondrefrigerant path 12 g for communication between thesecond space 12 e and therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a. The refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a flows through therefrigerant paths spaces refrigerant path 12 f is defined by the small hole formed at a general center of thecylinder head 12 in the thickness direction. The secondrefrigerant path 12 g is defined by a groove formed at one end face of thecylinder head 12. The secondrefrigerant path 12 g may be understood as a gap left between thecylinder head 12 and thevalve plate 9. - By reciprocal motion of each of the
pistons 3, the refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a is sucked into each of the cylinder bores 2 and then discharged from the cylinder bore 2 to therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. During this process, therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b are thermally insulated by the first and thesecond spaces refrigerant suction chamber 12 a and therefrigerant discharge chamber 12 b. - Each of the first and the
second spaces cylinder head 12 and the refrigerant in therefrigerant suction chamber 12 a is introduced into the first and thesecond spaces refrigerant paths spaces second spaces - While the present invention has thus far been described in connection with a few embodiments thereof, it will readily be possible for those skilled in the art to put this invention into practice in various other manners. In the foregoing, description has been made about the compressor which is varied in discharge volume by changing the tilting angle of the
swash plate 4 with respect to thedrive shaft 5. Alternatively, by forming an integral member corresponding to a combination of theswash plate 4 and therotor 7, it is possible to provide a fixed-volume or fixed-displacement compressor comprising a swash plate having a predetermined fixed tilting angle with respect to thedrive shaft 5. Further, this invention is not limited to such a swash-plate compressor but may be applicable to other various types of compressors, such as a vibration compressor, a scroll-type compressor, and a vane-type compressor, as far as the compressor has a structure in which the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber are closely adjacent to each other. Furthermore, in a compressor using chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant, the similar effect can be obtained.
Claims (11)
1. A compressor comprising:
a compressor housing;
a plurality of cylinder bores made in the compressor housing and spaced from one another in a circumferential direction of the compressor;
a plurality of pistons reciprocally movable in the cylinder bores, respectively; and
a cylinder head opposite to one end of the compressor housing and defining a refrigerant suction chamber and a refrigerant discharge chamber each of which communicates with the cylinder bores, the cylinder head having a space located between the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber.
2. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the space is formed by a groove which opens to the outside of the cylinder head.
3. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant suction chamber is at a radially center area of the cylinder head while the refrigerant discharge chamber is at a radially outer peripheral area of the cylinder head.
4. The compressor according to claim 3 , wherein the refrigerant discharge chamber has an annular shape.
5. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the cylinder head includes:
a part defining the refrigerant discharge chamber; and
a heat-release protrusion formed on an outer surface of the part.
6. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the cylinder head has a refrigerant path for establishing communication between the refrigerant suction chamber and the space, the space being tightly sealed with respect to the outside of the cylinder head.
7. The compressor according to claim 6 , wherein the refrigerant path is defined by a hole formed in the cylinder head.
8. The compressor according to claim 6 , wherein the refrigerant path is defined by a groove formed in the cylinder head.
9. The compressor according to claim 1 , wherein the space is divided in a circumferential direction of the cylinder head into a plurality of small spaces, the cylinder head having a reinforcing part formed between every adjacent ones of the small spaces and extending towards both the refrigerant suction chamber and the refrigerant discharge chamber.
10. The compressor according to claim 1 , further comprising a valve plate interposed between the compressor housing and the cylinder head.
11. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used as a refrigerant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002350215A JP2004183534A (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2002-12-02 | Compressor |
JP2002/350215 | 2002-12-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20040105762A1 true US20040105762A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
Family
ID=32376156
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/721,327 Abandoned US20040105762A1 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-11-26 | Compressor in which heat transfer in a cylinder head is controlled |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040105762A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004183534A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1294359C (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050106034A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Fuminobu Enokijima | Heat insulating structure of compressor |
US20050186087A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Tatsuya Koide | Compressor |
US20060222513A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-10-05 | Masaki Ota | Swash plate type variable displacement compressor |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101165949B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2012-07-18 | 한라공조주식회사 | Compressor |
CN103016312A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 | Cylinder base of refrigeration compressor |
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- 2003-11-26 US US10/721,327 patent/US20040105762A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-02 CN CNB2003101225235A patent/CN1294359C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US3354830A (en) * | 1965-07-22 | 1967-11-28 | Rock Ola Mfg Corp | Pump means |
US3904320A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-09-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Swash plate compressor |
US4722671A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1988-02-02 | Sanden Corporation | Cylinder block for a refrigeration compressor |
US4789571A (en) * | 1987-09-16 | 1988-12-06 | J. Kinderman & Sons | Decorative garland |
US5857839A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1999-01-12 | Sanden Corporation | Compressor having noise and vibration reducing reed valve |
US6457947B1 (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 2002-10-01 | Luk Fahrzeug-Hydraulik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Piston compressor for refrigerant, with thermal insulation |
US6273583B1 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2001-08-14 | James Trisler | Folding star |
US6237882B1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-05-29 | Louis Nichole, Inc. | Decorative display |
US6260342B1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-07-17 | Santa's Best | Method and apparatus for making spiral garland |
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US20050106034A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Fuminobu Enokijima | Heat insulating structure of compressor |
US20050186087A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Tatsuya Koide | Compressor |
US20060222513A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-10-05 | Masaki Ota | Swash plate type variable displacement compressor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1508433A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
JP2004183534A (en) | 2004-07-02 |
CN1294359C (en) | 2007-01-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SANDEN CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:IIZUKA, JIRO;YAMAMOTO, KIYOKAZU;REEL/FRAME:015109/0984 Effective date: 20031114 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |