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US20040028471A1 - Synthetic kerbs and method of use - Google Patents

Synthetic kerbs and method of use Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040028471A1
US20040028471A1 US10/332,991 US33299103A US2004028471A1 US 20040028471 A1 US20040028471 A1 US 20040028471A1 US 33299103 A US33299103 A US 33299103A US 2004028471 A1 US2004028471 A1 US 2004028471A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
polymeric
kerbstone
kerbstones
kerb
road
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/332,991
Inventor
Simon Smithdale
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Durakerb Ltd
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Durakerb Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0018725A external-priority patent/GB0018725D0/en
Application filed by Durakerb Ltd filed Critical Durakerb Ltd
Assigned to DURAKERB LIMITED reassignment DURAKERB LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SMITHDALE, SIMON
Publication of US20040028471A1 publication Critical patent/US20040028471A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/221—Kerbs or like edging members, e.g. flush kerbs, shoulder retaining means ; Joint members, connecting or load-transfer means specially for kerbs
    • E01C11/223—Kerb-and-gutter structures; Kerbs with drainage openings channel or conduits, e.g. with out- or inlets, with integral gutter or with channel formed into the kerb ; Kerbs adapted to house cables or pipes, or to form conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/221—Kerbs or like edging members, e.g. flush kerbs, shoulder retaining means ; Joint members, connecting or load-transfer means specially for kerbs
    • E01C11/222—Raised kerbs, e.g. for sidewalks ; Integrated or portable means for facilitating ascent or descent

Definitions

  • This invention relates to synthetic kerbstones and method of use.
  • the present invention relates to synthetic kerbstones that can be used in the construction of roads, pathways and footpaths.
  • Korean Patent No. KR132721Y discloses shock absorbent rubber kerbs each containing two conical holes formed in a row on either side of the centre, and a mounting groove cut around the edge.
  • the kerbs described in KR132721Y are to be used in conjunction with a mounting element located on the road, having conical studs to be pressed into the conical holes and the kerb pressed into the mounting groove fixing the kerb element to the road.
  • These kerbstones are designed for permanent fixture in place.
  • the problems associated with this approach are that the mounting element must be firstly located on the road prior to installation, and that the kerbstones must be manufactured having specific mounting holes and grooves to meet with the mounting element. As such, this two-piece construction is expensive to manufacture and time consuming to install.
  • the polymeric kerbstones described herein can support the edges of the road surface in the same manner as conventional kerbstones so as to allow the construction and use of the road during, for example, nearby building works.
  • the polymeric kerbs can be driven over without the possibility of damage to the appearance of the final road.
  • the temporary polymeric kerbs are removed and replaced with conventional kerbstones (typically made of concrete or stone).
  • the polymeric kerbstones described herein are preferably reusable.
  • the kerbstones may be left in place and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles.
  • a polymeric kerbstone having at least one longitudinal channel located therethrough.
  • the polymeric kerbstones are formed from a hard, lightweight, durable rubber or polyethylene compound. Portions of the kerbstone may be made of a lower density polymer material to reduce weight. In a preferred embodiment, the overall weight of the kerbstone is not more than 25 kg, which enables the kerbstone to comply with ‘one man lift’ regulations in the United Kingdom, and similar regulations in other countries.
  • the polymeric kerbstones described herein are formed in the precise dimensions of an existing standard concrete half-battered or bull-nosed kerb.
  • Other embodiments of the present invention provide for other chamfered, radiused and/or splayed kerbstones.
  • a preferred additional feature on each kerb is the presence of two or more holes running longitudinally through the half-battered kerb and one or more holes running longitudinally through the bull-nosed kerb.
  • the longitudinal holes are believed to improve the shock-absorbency and hence durability of the kerb and also to decrease the weight of the product.
  • the end faces of a kerbstone may be provided with interlocking fixing elements.
  • the one or more longitudinal holes running through the kerbstones may allow for the provision of services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage.
  • the provision of the, or each, service duct is of particular utility when the kerb is intended for permanent fixture, rather than for temporary usage. Access holes may be provided for the service ducts. Ideally service and drainage ducts are provided independently.
  • the end faces of the kerbstone may be provided with coupling elements for one or each longitudinal hole. These can, for example take the form of a socket and spigot connection.
  • the kerbstones are provided with holes to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles for easy transportation and installation.
  • the rubber compound to be used is that obtainable from recycled rubber tyres. This is often known as ‘re-crumb rubber’. Other plastics materials may be employed.
  • the product made in polyethylene is made from either virgin or recycled polyethylene.
  • dyestuffs or pigments are added to enable the kerb to be manufactured in different colours as required. Preferred colours and textures match existing kerbstones.
  • the kerbs are formed from a material having an elastic modulus of between 4 MPa (mega-pascals) and 3 GPa (giga-pascals) where 4.4 MPa is equivalent to an IR HD (hardness) value of 60 (arbitrary units).
  • the synthetic kerbstone in accordance with the present invention at least addresses the problems outlined above.
  • the advantages of the present invention are that a synthetic kerbstone and method of use are provided to reduce the incidence of kerb damage by delaying the laying of the final kerbstones until the final stages of construction.
  • the polymeric kerbstones described herein can support the edges of the road surface in the same manner as conventional kerbstones so as to allow the construction and use of the road during, for example, nearby building works.
  • the polymeric kerbs can be driven over without the possibility of damage to the appearance of the final road.
  • the temporary polymeric kerbs are removed and replaced with conventional kerbstones (typically made of concrete or stone).
  • the polymeric kerbstones described herein are preferably reusable.
  • the kerbstones may be left in place and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the present invention, wherein the polymeric kerbstone has the precise dimensions of a conventional half-battered kerb.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the present invention, wherein the polymeric kerbstone has the precise dimensions of a conventional bull-nosed kerb.
  • FIG. 1 shows a polymeric kerbstone in the precise dimensions of a conventional half-battered kerb, with an angled chamfer 1 of either 12.5° or 15°.
  • a preferred additional feature is the provision of two or more holes 2 running longitudinally through the kerb. In use, these holes or channels 2 may allow for the provision or services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage. The provision of these service channels 2 is of particular benefit when the kerb is located as a permanent fixture.
  • the kerbstones are provided with two holes 3 on the upper face, to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 shows a polymeric kerbstone of the present invention in the precise dimensions of a conventional bull-nosed kerb and shows an additional feature of one or more holes 4 again running longitudinally through the kerb. Again, the apertures 3 on the upper surface of the kerbstone are provided to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

Synthetic kerbstones and method for use in the construction of roads, pathways and footpaths. The synthetic kerbstones described herein can support the edges of a road surface in the same manner as conventional kerbstones so as to allow the construction and use of the road during, for example, nearby building works. The synthetic kerbs can be driven over without the possibility of damage to the appearance of the final road. At the end of these building works, the temporary synthetic kerbs are removed and replaced with conventional kerbstones (typically made of concrete or stone). In use, the synthetic kerbstones described herein are preferably reusable. Alternatively, the kerbstones may be left in place and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles. In this way, the holes or channels 2, 4 running longitudinally through the kerb can be used to provide services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage.

Description

  • This invention relates to synthetic kerbstones and method of use. In particular, the present invention relates to synthetic kerbstones that can be used in the construction of roads, pathways and footpaths. [0001]
  • At the present time, in the construction of roads and footpaths, it is common practice to lay concrete kerbs at the initial stages of a building contract. Typically, a road is constructed relatively early to allow access to the site. The road's sub-base and base course tarmac is also laid at this stage of the contract to act as a hard-standing and/or a surface for construction vehicles to access the site, and which are often heavily laden with building materials and/or waste. The concrete kerbs are therefore susceptible to breakage or often, irreparable damage. This can result in kerb replacement towards the end of the contract, prior to the laying of top-course tarmac and hence, extra expenditure may be incurred as overheads for the contractors. [0002]
  • In order to overcome these problems, Korean Patent No. KR132721Y discloses shock absorbent rubber kerbs each containing two conical holes formed in a row on either side of the centre, and a mounting groove cut around the edge. The kerbs described in KR132721Y are to be used in conjunction with a mounting element located on the road, having conical studs to be pressed into the conical holes and the kerb pressed into the mounting groove fixing the kerb element to the road. These kerbstones are designed for permanent fixture in place. However, the problems associated with this approach are that the mounting element must be firstly located on the road prior to installation, and that the kerbstones must be manufactured having specific mounting holes and grooves to meet with the mounting element. As such, this two-piece construction is expensive to manufacture and time consuming to install. [0003]
  • It is the object of the present to provide a synthetic kerbstone and method of use to reduce the incidence of kerb damage by delaying the laying of the final kerbstones until the final stages of construction. The polymeric kerbstones described herein can support the edges of the road surface in the same manner as conventional kerbstones so as to allow the construction and use of the road during, for example, nearby building works. The polymeric kerbs can be driven over without the possibility of damage to the appearance of the final road. At the end of these building works, the temporary polymeric kerbs are removed and replaced with conventional kerbstones (typically made of concrete or stone). In use, the polymeric kerbstones described herein are preferably reusable. Alternatively, the kerbstones may be left in place and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles. [0004]
  • According to the present invention there is provided a polymeric kerbstone having at least one longitudinal channel located therethrough. [0005]
  • Preferably, the polymeric kerbstones are formed from a hard, lightweight, durable rubber or polyethylene compound. Portions of the kerbstone may be made of a lower density polymer material to reduce weight. In a preferred embodiment, the overall weight of the kerbstone is not more than 25 kg, which enables the kerbstone to comply with ‘one man lift’ regulations in the United Kingdom, and similar regulations in other countries. [0006]
  • Typically, the polymeric kerbstones described herein are formed in the precise dimensions of an existing standard concrete half-battered or bull-nosed kerb. Other embodiments of the present invention provide for other chamfered, radiused and/or splayed kerbstones. [0007]
  • A preferred additional feature on each kerb is the presence of two or more holes running longitudinally through the half-battered kerb and one or more holes running longitudinally through the bull-nosed kerb. The longitudinal holes are believed to improve the shock-absorbency and hence durability of the kerb and also to decrease the weight of the product. In a preferred embodiment, the end faces of a kerbstone may be provided with interlocking fixing elements. [0008]
  • Additionally or alternatively, the one or more longitudinal holes running through the kerbstones may allow for the provision of services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage. The provision of the, or each, service duct is of particular utility when the kerb is intended for permanent fixture, rather than for temporary usage. Access holes may be provided for the service ducts. Ideally service and drainage ducts are provided independently. [0009]
  • Preferably, the end faces of the kerbstone may be provided with coupling elements for one or each longitudinal hole. These can, for example take the form of a socket and spigot connection. [0010]
  • In further preferred embodiments, the kerbstones are provided with holes to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles for easy transportation and installation. [0011]
  • Further preferably, the rubber compound to be used is that obtainable from recycled rubber tyres. This is often known as ‘re-crumb rubber’. Other plastics materials may be employed. The product made in polyethylene is made from either virgin or recycled polyethylene. [0012]
  • In particular embodiments, dyestuffs or pigments are added to enable the kerb to be manufactured in different colours as required. Preferred colours and textures match existing kerbstones. [0013]
  • Preferably, the kerbs are formed from a material having an elastic modulus of between 4 MPa (mega-pascals) and 3 GPa (giga-pascals) where 4.4 MPa is equivalent to an IR HD (hardness) value of 60 (arbitrary units). [0014]
  • Also according to the present invention there is provided a method of laying roads, comprising the steps of: [0015]
  • (a) placing a set of durable polymeric kerbstones along the borders of the road; [0016]
  • (b) laying the sub-base of the road; [0017]
  • (c) replacing the durable polymeric kerbstones with non-polymeric kerbstones; and [0018]
  • (d) laying the top coat of the road. [0019]
  • It is believed that the synthetic kerbstone in accordance with the present invention at least addresses the problems outlined above. The advantages of the present invention are that a synthetic kerbstone and method of use are provided to reduce the incidence of kerb damage by delaying the laying of the final kerbstones until the final stages of construction. The polymeric kerbstones described herein can support the edges of the road surface in the same manner as conventional kerbstones so as to allow the construction and use of the road during, for example, nearby building works. The polymeric kerbs can be driven over without the possibility of damage to the appearance of the final road. At the end of these building works, the temporary polymeric kerbs are removed and replaced with conventional kerbstones (typically made of concrete or stone). In use, the polymeric kerbstones described herein are preferably reusable. Alternatively, the kerbstones may be left in place and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles. [0020]
  • It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that variations of the present invention are possible and it is intended that the present invention may be used other than as specifically described herein. [0021]
  • A specific non-limiting embodiment of the invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: [0022]
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the present invention, wherein the polymeric kerbstone has the precise dimensions of a conventional half-battered kerb. [0023]
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the present invention, wherein the polymeric kerbstone has the precise dimensions of a conventional bull-nosed kerb.[0024]
  • Referring now to the drawings, a synthetic kerbstone according to the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a polymeric kerbstone in the precise dimensions of a conventional half-battered kerb, with an angled chamfer [0025] 1 of either 12.5° or 15°. A preferred additional feature is the provision of two or more holes 2 running longitudinally through the kerb. In use, these holes or channels 2 may allow for the provision or services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage. The provision of these service channels 2 is of particular benefit when the kerb is located as a permanent fixture.
  • For ease of transportation and installation, the kerbstones are provided with two [0026] holes 3 on the upper face, to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 shows a polymeric kerbstone of the present invention in the precise dimensions of a conventional bull-nosed kerb and shows an additional feature of one or [0027] more holes 4 again running longitudinally through the kerb. Again, the apertures 3 on the upper surface of the kerbstone are provided to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles (not shown).
  • Various alterations and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although particular embodiments refer to replacing the durable polymeric kerbstones with non-polymeric kerbstones on completion of the building contract, this is in no way intended to be limiting as, in use, the present invention may be implemented with the kerbstones left in place as a permanent fixture and advantage taken of their resistance to damage on being mounted by vehicles. In this way, the holes or [0028] channels 2, 4 running longitudinally through the kerb can be used to provide services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage.

Claims (10)

1. A polymeric kerbstone having at least one longitudinal channel (2, 4) located therethrough.
2. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric kerbstone is formed from a hard, lightweight, durable rubber or polyethylene compound.
3. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric kerbstone is formed in the precise dimensions of an existing standard concrete half-battered or bull-nosed kerb.
4. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 3, wherein each polymeric kerbstone comprises two or more holes (2) running longitudinally through the half-battered kerb and one hole (4) running longitudinally through the bull-nosed kerb.
5. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric kerbstone is provided with holes (3) to allow the insertion of removable quarter-turn handles for easy transportation and installation
6. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 2, wherein the rubber compound to be used is that obtainable from recycled rubber tyres.
7. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric kerbstone is formed from a material having an elastic modulus of between 4 MPa and 3 GPa where 4.4 MPa is equivalent to an IR HD (hardness) value of 60 (arbitrary units).
8. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein said at least one longitudinal channel (2, 4) allows for the provision of services such as gas, water, electricity, communications and/or drainage.
9. A polymeric kerbstone according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric kerbstone is provided with end faces having coupling elements mounted thereon to facilitate connection of said longitudinal channels (2, 4).
10. A method of laying roads, comprising the steps of:
(a) placing a set of durable polymeric kerbstones along the borders of the road;
(b) laying the sub-base of the road;
(c) replacing the durable polymeric kerbstones with non-polymeric kerbstones; and
(d) laying the top coat of the road.
US10/332,991 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Synthetic kerbs and method of use Abandoned US20040028471A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0018725A GB0018725D0 (en) 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 Synthetic kerbs and method of use
GB0018725.2 2000-07-28
GB0106674.5 2001-03-19
GB0106674A GB2365049A (en) 2000-07-28 2001-03-19 Synthetic kerbs and method of use
PCT/GB2001/003347 WO2002010514A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-25 Synthetic kerbs and method of use

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EP (1) EP1305476B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004515669A (en)
AT (1) ATE291661T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002227500A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60109623T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2241889T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1305476E (en)
WO (1) WO2002010514A1 (en)

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USD510773S1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-18 Abdallah Joe Albert Building block
US20070258765A1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2007-11-08 Coyle Thomas B Polymer-based structural member
US20070269265A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Thorkelson Steven J Paver system
CN100422443C (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-10-01 天津市博安塑胶制品有限公司 Kerbstone with drainage hole
USD581549S1 (en) 2006-05-16 2008-11-25 Vast Enterprises Llc Paver system
USD665513S1 (en) * 2010-04-15 2012-08-14 Engel Darrell J Masonry ledge
CN103526667A (en) * 2013-10-27 2014-01-22 李素明 Road rubber step sectional material made of waste tires
WO2014163224A1 (en) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-09 Lee Han Geun Synthetic resin boundary stone
CN104264564A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-01-07 沈阳建筑大学 Permeable, ventilated, and air purifying concrete curb and processing method thereof
CN108529967A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-14 凤阳县凤城建安预制厂 High water-permeability kerbstone and preparation method thereof
CN109235181A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-18 北京城建十六建筑工程有限责任公司 A kind of curb structure that high-strength corrosion-resisting easily seeps water
CN110872804A (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-03-10 盐城市宝旺城市开发建设有限公司 Erosion-resistant kerbstone foundation structure
US20230122621A1 (en) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Barry Samuel Salter Method and system for forming a road base
USD988541S1 (en) * 2020-10-02 2023-06-06 Daniel Cortavitarte Pérez Draft excluder for doors and windows

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EP2231929A1 (en) * 2008-01-17 2010-09-29 Pipeline & Drainage Systems Plc Kerb block and system
DE202010016093U1 (en) 2010-11-30 2011-04-28 FITR - Forschungsinstitut für Tief- und Rohrleitungsbau gemeinnützige GmbH Multifunctional, retrofittable curb system with integrated traffic information, telematics, light-guiding and sensor systems for use in road, open-air and tunnel construction
DE102010061181A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-14 Amad - Mennekes Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg Curb for floor coverings
CN107604788A (en) * 2017-10-12 2018-01-19 潍坊市市政工程股份有限公司 Cement concrete L-type kerbstone preparation method and its method for paving
DE202020106507U1 (en) 2020-11-12 2022-02-16 Kronimus Aktiengesellschaft curb
CN112609531A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-06 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 Prefabricated water-permeable water-blocking kerbstone and water-permeable water-blocking pavement structure

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DE3415947A1 (en) * 1983-04-28 1985-01-31 Franz Peter 5000 Köln Linder Marking stone in the form of an elongate, beam-like body
DE4320719A1 (en) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-22 Philipp Stephanie Edging for roads, paths and landscaping consisting of waste materials (recycled materials)
GB2298882A (en) * 1995-03-14 1996-09-18 Simon Conway Road kerb
KR0132721Y1 (en) 1996-09-16 1998-12-15 권혁수 Rubber kerb

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US1529329A (en) * 1922-08-21 1925-03-10 Vestia P Turnbo Track block and block-formed track
US3698290A (en) * 1971-01-21 1972-10-17 Robert J Wallace Street curbings made of synthetic resins
US4660344A (en) * 1983-11-02 1987-04-28 Gaudelli Edmond N Apparatus and procedure for forming pre-shaped interlocking cement slabs
US4762438A (en) * 1986-06-19 1988-08-09 Dewtek Corporation Lightweight parking curb
US5133163A (en) * 1987-09-17 1992-07-28 Christensen Bruce A Conduit containing construction block
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US5028463A (en) * 1989-07-25 1991-07-02 Philips Recycling, Inc. Molded thermoplastic parking block with slideably interengaged members
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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD510773S1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-18 Abdallah Joe Albert Building block
US20070258765A1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2007-11-08 Coyle Thomas B Polymer-based structural member
US20070269265A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Thorkelson Steven J Paver system
US7344334B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2008-03-18 Vast Enterprises Llc Paver system
USD581549S1 (en) 2006-05-16 2008-11-25 Vast Enterprises Llc Paver system
CN100422443C (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-10-01 天津市博安塑胶制品有限公司 Kerbstone with drainage hole
USD665513S1 (en) * 2010-04-15 2012-08-14 Engel Darrell J Masonry ledge
WO2014163224A1 (en) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-09 Lee Han Geun Synthetic resin boundary stone
CN103526667A (en) * 2013-10-27 2014-01-22 李素明 Road rubber step sectional material made of waste tires
CN104264564A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-01-07 沈阳建筑大学 Permeable, ventilated, and air purifying concrete curb and processing method thereof
CN108529967A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-14 凤阳县凤城建安预制厂 High water-permeability kerbstone and preparation method thereof
CN109235181A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-18 北京城建十六建筑工程有限责任公司 A kind of curb structure that high-strength corrosion-resisting easily seeps water
CN110872804A (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-03-10 盐城市宝旺城市开发建设有限公司 Erosion-resistant kerbstone foundation structure
USD988541S1 (en) * 2020-10-02 2023-06-06 Daniel Cortavitarte Pérez Draft excluder for doors and windows
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WO2002010514A1 (en) 2002-02-07
ES2241889T3 (en) 2005-11-01
DE60109623D1 (en) 2005-04-28
AU2002227500A1 (en) 2002-02-13
DE60109623T2 (en) 2006-04-27
JP2004515669A (en) 2004-05-27
PT1305476E (en) 2005-08-31
EP1305476A1 (en) 2003-05-02
ATE291661T1 (en) 2005-04-15
EP1305476B1 (en) 2005-03-23

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