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US20030145535A1 - Lead-in bumper for a loading dock - Google Patents

Lead-in bumper for a loading dock Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030145535A1
US20030145535A1 US10/068,580 US6858002A US2003145535A1 US 20030145535 A1 US20030145535 A1 US 20030145535A1 US 6858002 A US6858002 A US 6858002A US 2003145535 A1 US2003145535 A1 US 2003145535A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bumper
vehicle
sensor
dock
guide member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/068,580
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph DiBiase
Paul Maly
Walter Swietlik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US10/068,580 priority Critical patent/US20030145535A1/en
Priority to CA002475426A priority patent/CA2475426A1/fr
Priority to EP03707779A priority patent/EP1478817A4/fr
Priority to AU2003209052A priority patent/AU2003209052A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2003/003716 priority patent/WO2003067000A1/fr
Publication of US20030145535A1 publication Critical patent/US20030145535A1/en
Priority to US11/461,940 priority patent/US20060266275A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/008—Dock- or bumper-seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/003—Restraining movement of a vehicle at a loading station using means not being part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
    • B65G69/006—Centring or aligning a vehicle at a loading station using means not being part of the vehicle

Definitions

  • the subject invention generally pertains to dock bumpers and more specifically to one that helps ensure that a vehicle is properly positioned at the dock.
  • a typical loading dock of a building includes an exterior doorway with an elevated platform for loading and unloading vehicles, such as trucks and trailers.
  • vehicles such as trucks and trailers.
  • dock shelters or compressible dock seals installed along the perimeter of the doorway are adapted to seal against the rear portion of the truck to help seal out weather, as the truck is being loaded or unloaded of its cargo.
  • a typical dock leveler includes a deck, also known as a ramp or dockboard, which is pivotally hinged along its back edge to vary the height of its front edge.
  • An extension plate, or lip extends outward from the deck's front edge to span the gap between the rear of the truck bed and the front edge of the deck.
  • some lips move linearly and others pivot between a stored position and an extended, operative position. In moving to the stored position, the lip usually retracts to where it does not interfere with a vehicle backing into the dock. In the extended, operative position, the lip extends from the deck's front edge and rests upon the truck bed to form a bridge between the two. This allows personnel and material handling equipment to readily move on and off the vehicle during loading and unloading operations.
  • an ICC bar or RIG is a bar or beam that extends horizontally across the rear of a truck, below the truck bed. Its primary purpose is to help prevent an automobile from under-riding the truck in a rear-end collision.
  • an ICC bar also provides a convenient structure for a hook-style restraint to reach up in front of the bar to obstruct the truck's movement away from the dock.
  • loading docks often include bumpers. Bumpers also help establish a certain amount of clearance between the rear of the truck and the dock leveler, so the dock leveler can first raise and then lower its lip upon the rear edge of the truck with a safe amount of overlap, or lip purchase, between the lip and the truck bed. Establishing a predetermined distance between the rear of the truck and the dock face also helps ensure that a vehicle restraint is able reach out and engage the front edge of the truck's ICC bar. Bumpers are usually installed near the bottom of the doorway, adjacent either side of the dock leveler lip and protrude a few inches out from the face of the dock where they can be abutted by the rear of the vehicle.
  • bollards or wheel guides are anchored to the driveway of a loading dock to create an obstruction that establishes lateral limits within which a truck may travel.
  • Low profile wheel guides may be difficult to see if they get covered with snow, and almost any protrusion extending upward from the driveway may interfere with snow removal.
  • a bumper includes a guide member adjacent an engagement member, wherein the guide member helps guide a vehicle toward the engagement member.
  • the guide member protrudes further away from a loading dock face than does the engagement member.
  • the engagement member is higher than the guide member to ensure that the bumper can engage vehicles with relatively high truck beds and avoid damaging hinged door panels on the vehicle.
  • the bumper includes a tapered surface that helps urge the vehicle in position.
  • the bumper includes a vehicle sensor.
  • the vehicle sensor is the guide member itself.
  • the vehicle sensor controls the operation of an indicator light.
  • the vehicle sensor controls the operation of a vehicle restraint, inflatable dock seals, a dock leveler, and/or a dock door.
  • the guide member and engagement member are integrally joined to each other.
  • the guide member and engagement member are adjacent, but spaced apart from each other.
  • the guide member and engagement member are mounted to a dock face to avoid creating an obstruction on the driveway approach of the loading dock.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle backing into a loading dock that includes a bumper system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1, but with the vehicle properly backed up against a dock seal with a lip of a dock leveler resting atop the truck bed.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view similar to FIG. 4, but the vehicle improperly offset to one side.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a bumper according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view similar to FIGS. 3 and 4, but with the bumper of FIG. 6 guiding the vehicle into position.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a bumper according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view similar to FIG. 7, but with the bumper of FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a bumper according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a top view similar to FIG. 7, but with the bumper of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of a vehicle properly backing into a loading dock that includes of a bumper according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a top view similar to FIG. 12, but with the vehicle offset to one side.
  • a loading dock 10 includes a bumper system 12 that not only absorbs vehicle impacts, but also helps guide a vehicle 14 to a proper loading/unloading position.
  • bumper system 12 may help guide vehicle 14 relative to a door 16 or doorway 18 of a building 20 , a dock face 22 , dock seal 24 (or a dock shelter), a dock leveler 26 , and a vehicle restraint 28 .
  • bumper system 12 includes a right hand bumper 30 and a left hand bumper 32 that each include an engagement member 34 and 36 , respectively, for establishing a predetermined proper distance between dock face 22 and a rear edge 38 of vehicle 14 .
  • Bumpers 30 and 32 also include guide members 40 and 42 , respectively, that help centrally align vehicle 14 to doorway 18 .
  • Bumpers 30 and 32 generally have an L-shape (e.g., as viewed from the top in FIG. 3 with engagement member 36 being a first leg of the L-shape, and guide member 42 being a second leg of the L-shape); however, other shapes are also well within the scope of the invention.
  • vehicle 14 first backs into dock 10 , as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. If vehicle 14 includes swinging door panels 44 and 46 that cover a rear access opening 48 in vehicle 14 , the door panels are swung open before the rear of vehicle 14 engages dock seal 24 . Otherwise, dock seal pressing against the rear edges of vehicle 14 would interfere with opening the doors. Door panels 44 and 46 being open while the rear of vehicle 14 is up against seal 24 allows access into vehicle 14 from within building 20 for loading and unloading cargo.
  • surfaces 50 and 52 provide the driver of vehicle 14 with a visual reference that assists in keeping vehicle 14 generally centered within guide members 40 and 42 . With surfaces 50 and 52 remaining visible, the driver knows vehicle 14 is properly positioned at the dock when he senses the rear of vehicle 14 bumping up against engagement member 34 and/or 36 .
  • Engagement members 34 and 36 define a certain distance 54 or clearance between dock face 22 and the rear edge of vehicle 14 , as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the clearance allows dock leveler 26 to operate its pivotal ramp 56 and lip 58 to set lip 58 atop the floor of vehicle 14 with an appropriate amount of lip purchase 60 , as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the actual operation of dock leveler 26 depends on its particular design, as dock leveler 26 is schematically illustrated to represent all types of dock levelers known to those skilled in the art.
  • vehicle 14 If vehicle 14 is excessively off to one side as it backs into loading dock 10 , the rear edge of vehicle 14 may abut either guide member 40 or 42 .
  • guide member 42 keeps vehicle 14 at such an appreciable distance 62 away from dock face 22 that dock leveler lip 58 is unable to reach the rear edge of vehicle 14 .
  • Guide member 42 extending farther out from dock face 22 than what lip 58 can extend avoids creating a hazardous situation of marginal lip purchase. With the rear edge of vehicle 14 being at either of one of two locations: up against engagement member 36 (FIG. 4), or up against guide member 42 (FIG. 5), the amount of lip purchase will either be acceptable or nonexistent.
  • This “Go/No-Go” mode of operation not only applies to proper positioning of vehicle 14 with respect to its distance away from dock face 22 , but also applies to the vehicle's central alignment (lateral alignment in a horizontal direction parallel to dock face 22 ). For instance, vehicle 14 being between guide members 40 and 42 ensures that lip 58 can fit between the side edges of the vehicle's rear access opening 48 . If it were not for guide members 40 and 42 , vehicle 14 may be so offset to one side that lip 58 may be unable to extend through access opening 48 or may scrape along an inside edge of the opening.
  • the bumper system's alignment feature as it applies to dock levelers also applies to dock seal 24 and vehicle restraint 28 in a similar manner.
  • Vehicle 14 being up against engagement members 34 and 36 helps ensure that vehicle restraint 28 is able reach ICC bar 64 of vehicle 14 , and helps ensure that the rear surface of vehicle 14 is engaging seals 24 without crushing them.
  • vehicle 14 being between guide members 40 and 42 ensures that the rear vertical edges of vehicle 14 are properly aligned with the two vertical side pads of dock seal 24 .
  • guide members 40 and 42 are preferably at an elevation that is below the lowest anticipated height of a truck door's lower edge. This prevents a truck from forcing the hinged edge of its open door against a guide member. However, to ensure that bumpers 30 and 32 are still able to engage relatively high truck beds, portions of engagement members 34 and 36 are higher than guide members 40 and 42 .
  • bumpers 66 and 68 are provided with guide members 70 and 72 that include tapered surfaces 74 and 76 .
  • the tapered surfaces provide a gradual lead-in that helps guide and may even urge the rear of vehicle 14 toward its proper position between guide members 70 and 72 .
  • Surfaces 74 and 76 may be provided by an anti-friction member 78 , which is schematically illustrated to represent members such as an UHMW polyethylene sheet, steel plate, conveyor belt, series of rollers, etc.
  • bumpers 80 and 82 each include an engagement member 84 and a guide member 86 that are mounted separately to a dock face 88 .
  • Mounting engagement member 84 and guide member 86 separately allows more freedom in the vertical and horizontal displacement of the two members.
  • guide member 86 includes a roller 90 that serves as an anti-friction member that reduces wear between guide member 86 and the rear edge of truck 14 .
  • bumpers 90 and 92 include an engagement member 94 , a guide member 96 , and a sensor 98 responsive to the position of vehicle 14 .
  • Sensor 98 can be used to determine whether vehicle 14 is in the correct position relative to the loading dock.
  • sensor 98 can be used to control a light 100 for providing the truck driver or dockworkers with a visual signal of the vehicle's position.
  • Sensor 98 can also be used as part of an overall bumper system wherein sensor 98 selectively enables and disables the operation of dock leveler 26 , an inflatable dock seal, vehicle restraint 28 , and/or a powered door associated with doorway 18 .
  • Sensor 98 can be disposed within guide member 96 , disposed within engagement member 94 , or separately mounted adjacent bumpers 90 and 92 .
  • One or more sensors can be used for any given bumper system.
  • Sensor 98 is schematically illustrated to represent a wide variety of sensors including, but not limited to, a conventional electromechanical limit switch, proximity switch, photoelectric eye, pressure switch, etc.
  • a bumper system 102 includes an engagement member 104 and a guide member 106 , wherein guide member 106 comprises a photoelectric eye 108 .
  • Photoelectric eye 108 allows guide member 106 to help in guiding vehicle 14 into a loading dock 110 without guide member 106 ever actually having to physically come in contact with vehicle 14 .
  • a visible or invisible light beam 112 projecting from photoelectric eye 108 may be reflected or otherwise interrupted by the presence of vehicle 14 , as indicated by the left side beam 112 of FIG. 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
US10/068,580 2002-02-06 2002-02-06 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock Abandoned US20030145535A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/068,580 US20030145535A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2002-02-06 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock
CA002475426A CA2475426A1 (fr) 2002-02-06 2003-02-06 Butoir de quai a guidage d'entree pour quai de chargement
EP03707779A EP1478817A4 (fr) 2002-02-06 2003-02-06 Butoir de quai a guidage d'entree pour quai de chargement
AU2003209052A AU2003209052A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2003-02-06 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock
PCT/US2003/003716 WO2003067000A1 (fr) 2002-02-06 2003-02-06 Butoir de quai a guidage d'entree pour quai de chargement
US11/461,940 US20060266275A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2006-08-02 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/068,580 US20030145535A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2002-02-06 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/461,940 Continuation US20060266275A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2006-08-02 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030145535A1 true US20030145535A1 (en) 2003-08-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/068,580 Abandoned US20030145535A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2002-02-06 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock
US11/461,940 Abandoned US20060266275A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2006-08-02 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/461,940 Abandoned US20060266275A1 (en) 2002-02-06 2006-08-02 Lead-in bumper for a loading dock

Country Status (5)

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US (2) US20030145535A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1478817A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003209052A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2475426A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003067000A1 (fr)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080201875A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2008-08-28 Niclas Grunewald Docking Buffer
WO2010109094A1 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Thierry Gachet Tapis de charge mobile glissant pour dispositif de chargement et déchargement de véhicules.
FR2956393A1 (fr) * 2010-02-15 2011-08-19 Michel Arnaud Dispositif de controle de la position d'un vehicule par rapport a un quai
CN102300793A (zh) * 2009-04-01 2011-12-28 阿米塞鲁有限公司 装卸台架
US8733034B2 (en) * 2009-12-22 2014-05-27 Amiserru, S.L. Loading bay
EP2865622A1 (fr) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-29 Hörmann KG Antriebstechnik Dispositif de contrôle de la position d'un véhicule à un quai de chargement, quai avec ce dispositif et méthode correspondante
US20150294572A1 (en) * 2014-04-10 2015-10-15 Deborah Anstett Warning and guidance system to assist the parking of a vehicle
US20160009177A1 (en) * 2014-07-08 2016-01-14 Andrew Brooks Vehicle alignment systems for loading docks
EP3061713A1 (fr) * 2015-02-25 2016-08-31 BEUMER GmbH & Co. KG Station de charge comprenant une porte et une rampe de chargement
US20160280478A1 (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 Denis Gleason Multi-Seal Dock Seal
US20170044817A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2017-02-16 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US10131509B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2018-11-20 Nordock, Inc. Pit seal and 360-degree trailer seal for a telescoping lip dock leveler
US10227190B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-03-12 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Methods and apparatus for monitoring a dock leveler
EP3489176A1 (fr) * 2017-10-19 2019-05-29 Catac Capital GmbH Système de surveillance et de commande des processus d'amarrage et de largage d'un poids lourd sur une rampe de chargement
US20190177099A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Nova Technology International, Llc Loading dock seal
US20220237968A1 (en) * 2019-06-13 2022-07-28 Jae Jung Kim Dock shelter module provided with dual gate and air curtain
US11511952B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2022-11-29 Niagara Bottling, Llc Dock door automation system and method
US11535466B2 (en) * 2019-03-01 2022-12-27 Fedex Corporate Services, Inc. Vehicle proximity sensor for positioning a vehicle at a loading dock
US11820290B2 (en) 2021-04-14 2023-11-21 Niagara Bottling, Llc Trailer alignment detection for dock automation using vision system and dynamic depth filtering
US11892818B2 (en) 2018-10-17 2024-02-06 Niagara Bottling, Llc Dock door automation systems and methods

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080042865A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-21 Dock Watch, Llc Loading dock monitoring device and method
US10781062B2 (en) 2015-11-24 2020-09-22 Systems, LLC Vehicle restraint system
CN107101621B (zh) * 2017-03-20 2018-11-06 广州珠江工程建设监理有限公司 一种超高层建筑工程测量的监理控制方法
US10745220B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-08-18 Systems, LLC Vehicle Restraint System
US10906759B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2021-02-02 Systems, LLC Loading dock vehicle restraint system

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US3440673A (en) * 1968-02-15 1969-04-29 Kelley Co Inc Dockboard
US3570033A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-03-16 Adrian P Hovestad Dockboards
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US5028920A (en) * 1984-02-10 1991-07-02 Steven F. Sommers Driver alerting device
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US6205721B1 (en) * 1997-12-09 2001-03-27 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Sealing apparatus for forming a weather seal between a vehicle and a loading dock or the like
US6550191B2 (en) * 1998-02-24 2003-04-22 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Roller sealing apparatus for forming a weather seal between a vehicle and a loading dock or the like
US5911189A (en) * 1998-07-02 1999-06-15 Ryan; John Michael Boat guide for use in guiding a boat into or out of a boat slip
US6070283A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-06-06 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Dock leveler with integral bumpers
US6014844A (en) * 1998-09-22 2000-01-18 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Wedged draft pad
US6805523B2 (en) * 2000-09-07 2004-10-19 Zeftec Auto rack railroad car panel bumper guard

Cited By (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7752696B2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2010-07-13 Niclas Grunewald Docking buffer
US20080201875A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2008-08-28 Niclas Grunewald Docking Buffer
US10113352B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2018-10-30 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US20220170311A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2022-06-02 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US20180347254A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2018-12-06 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US11668131B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2023-06-06 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US12091902B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2024-09-17 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
US20170044817A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2017-02-16 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation System and method for operating a docking station
FR2943644A1 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-10-01 Thierry Gachet Tapis de charge mobile glissant pour dispositif de chargement et dechargement de vehicules.
WO2010109094A1 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Thierry Gachet Tapis de charge mobile glissant pour dispositif de chargement et déchargement de véhicules.
CN102300793A (zh) * 2009-04-01 2011-12-28 阿米塞鲁有限公司 装卸台架
US8733034B2 (en) * 2009-12-22 2014-05-27 Amiserru, S.L. Loading bay
EP2517990A4 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2017-11-15 Amiserru, S.L. Quai de chargement
FR2956393A1 (fr) * 2010-02-15 2011-08-19 Michel Arnaud Dispositif de controle de la position d'un vehicule par rapport a un quai
EP2360110A1 (fr) * 2010-02-15 2011-08-24 Michel Arnaud Dispositif de contrôle de la position d'un véhicule par rapport à un quai
EP2865622A1 (fr) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-29 Hörmann KG Antriebstechnik Dispositif de contrôle de la position d'un véhicule à un quai de chargement, quai avec ce dispositif et méthode correspondante
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US20060266275A1 (en) 2006-11-30
EP1478817A1 (fr) 2004-11-24
CA2475426A1 (fr) 2003-08-14
WO2003067000A1 (fr) 2003-08-14
EP1478817A4 (fr) 2005-08-10
AU2003209052A1 (en) 2003-09-02

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