US20030118402A1

US20030118402A1 - Corrugated plate of plastics used for method of construction for draining the ground and the like

Info

Publication number: US20030118402A1
Application number: US10/326,167
Authority: US
Inventors: Masao Sakamoto
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-12-25
Filing date: 2002-12-23
Publication date: 2003-06-26
Also published as: US20030118405A1; JP2003193543A

Abstract

In the method of construction for draining the ground for the ground in which as shown in FIG. 11, the circumference of the surface of ground requiring draining of the ground (1) is dug to form a waterway (3). The central portion is built from the peripheral portion and leveled by a roller rolling to form a foundation bed (2). Rainwater permeated into the ground surface earth (9) covering the upper surface of the foundation bed (2) is gathered and flows into the peripheral waterway (3) from the concave portions (19) of the corrugated plate of plastics (7) to effect draining. The corrugated plate (7) on the surface has a corrugated surface in which a number of convex portions (18) and a number of concave portions (19) are alternately continuous. The corrugated plates (7) have an end shape in which the end is put on the end of other same shaped corrugated plate (7) and can be enlarged. Further, a convex pattern (20) is provided so that the crushed stones (8) laid on the corrugated plates of plastics (7) do not slip out.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the grounds such as various ball game stadiums and track- and field stadiums, or parks, golf ranges, construction sites, the gentle inclined normal of cultivated lands or mountain districts, and the like (which will be generally referred to as “the ground” hereinafter in the present specification and claims), when it rains, rainwater is to be permeated into the earth of the ground, and when the ground becomes wetted, the function of the ground is lost. Then, for maintaining the primary function of the ground, it is necessary to drain the permeated water from the earth to dry the earth of the ground. Then, the method of drainage is applied to the ground as described above, and draining means is provided.

In the draining means according to the conventional method of drainage, there is provided a drainage-

ditch net

30 comprising ditches 31 as shown in a plan view of FIG. 8A. Sand or crushed stones 32 are laid on the bottom of the ditch 31 of the drainage-ditch net 30, on which is laid a water permeation pipe 33 constituting a water permeation construction in which water permeation holes 35 are provided in a pipe wall 34 as shown in FIG. 8C. The peripheral surface of the water permeation pipe 33 is covered with sand or the crushed stones 32 as shown in FIG. 8B, and the side portions and upper portions thereof are covered with the earth for burying back the ditches 31.

In the

ground

1 applied with the draining means according to the conventional method of draining the ground, when the rainfall such as rainwater permeates into the earth, the permeated water flows, through the water permeation holes 35, into the water permeation pipe 33 laid in the ditch 31 dug therearound, and is drained from a drain of the ditch 31 passing through the water permeation pipe 33.

However, in the draining means according to the conventional method of draining the ground, water permeated due to rainfall or the like flows into the

water permeation pipe

33 in the ditch 31 and is drained, but the total amount of water flown is not always drained by the water permeation pipe 33 but part of water once flown into the water permeation pipe 33 flows back and leaks into the peripheral earth from the water permeation holes 35 of the water permeation pipe 33 to wet the earth of the ground 1 again. Because of this, in the draining means according to the conventional method of draining the ground, it is not assured that the rainfall such as rainwater from the water permeation pipe 33 can be drained positively in a short period of time. Therefore, it takes a long time till the whole ground 1 containing water due to the rainfall is dried. At the time of the large amount of rainfall, draining of the ground cannot be done as intended, and the amount of water leaking from the water permeation pipe 33 increases, giving rise to disaster, and in the normal of the mountain districts and the like, there sometimes occurs a landslide or the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a corrugated plate of plastics for draining the ground used for a new method of construction for draining the ground developed in order to overcome the problems as noted above with respect to the conventional method of draining the ground as described above. That is, even if the surface layer of the ground comprising crushed stones laid on the foundation of the ground and the surface earth thereon is wetted by rainwater or the like, water is not permeated into the earth under the draining member buried in the ground according to the method of construction for draining the ground, and water permeated into the surface layer of the ground on the corrugated plates of plastics is drained in a short period of time whereby the surface layer of the ground can be dried quickly.

To this end, the surface of the earth around the ground that has to be drain is dug to construct a waterway, the central portion of the ground within the waterway is heaped from the peripheral portion of the ground, and afterward, the ground is graded by rolling with a roller to construct the foundation bed of the ground. The whole surface of the foundation bed of the ground is covered with corrugated plates of plastics having a continuous corrugated surface whose surface is that a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions are alternately continuous according to the present invention. Further, crushed stones to facilitate the permeation of water are laid on the corrugated plates of plastics which covers the foundation bed, and further, the surface of the crushed stones is covered with the surface earth of the ground to construct the ground to which draining is applied. In the ground to which draining is applied, when water is permeated into the surface earth due to the rainfall or the like, the permeated water is cut off on the corrugated plates of plastics, gathered in the concave portions of the corrugated plates of plastics, and caused to flow into the waterway provided in the periphery of the ground from the concave portions. Thus the surface earth of the ground is drained.

As a result of carrying out the method of construction for draining the ground as described above using the corrugated plate of plastics of the present invention, water permeated into the surface earth of the ground due to rainfall or the like is received by the corrugated plates of plastics, caused to flow into the waterway constructed in the surroundings of the ground from the concave portions of the corrugated plates of plastics and drained whereby the surface layer of the ground can be dried quickly, thus enabling the recovery of the original function of the ground more quickly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a corrugated plate of plastics according to the present invention, FIGS. 1A, 1B and [0008] 1C being a plan view, a sectional view taken on 1B-1B of FIG. 1A and an elevation of a nail for fastening the corrugated plate of plastics, respectively.
FIG. 2 is a oblique perspective view of a corrugated plate of plastics having convex portions which are solid portions used for the method of construction for draining the ground. [0009]
FIG. 3 is a oblique perspective view of a corrugated plate of plastics having convex portions which are hollow portions used for the method of construction for draining the ground [0010]
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the corrugated plate of plastics comprising convex portions different in height. [0011]
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a corrugated plate of plastics whose one end is bored with a drain hole for draining, FIGS. 5A and 5B being a corrugated plate of plastics bored with drain holes in parallel in the row direction and a corrugated plate of plastics bored with drain holes vertically in the row direction, respectively. [0012]
FIG. 6 shows a corrugated plate of plastics bored with drain holes for draining in all concave portions, FIGS. 6A and 6B being a plan view of a corrugated plate of plastics having no integrally molded non-slip crosspiece at the lower part thereof, and a view in which the corrugated plate of plastics bored with drain holes for draining of FIG. 6A is wound to form a water permeation tube, respectively. [0013]
FIG. 7 shows a joining plate of plastics for preventing water from leaking from the connecting portion between two corrugated plates of plastics, FIGS. 7A, 7B and [0014] 7C being a joining plate of plastics having concave portions and convex portions at right angles to the connecting portion of the corrugated plates of plastics, a joining plate of plastics having concave portions and convex portions in parallel with the connecting portion of the corrugated plates of plastics, and a joining plate of plastics having concave portions and convex portions in the direction obliquely with respect to the connecting portion of the corrugated plates of plastics, respectively.
FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view of the ground according to the conventional method of construction for draining the ground, FIGS. 8A, 8B and [0015] 8C being a plan view of the ground provided with a drainage-ditch net, a sectional view showing the construction of ditches of the drainage-ditch net, and a perspective view of a water permeation pipe for draining, respectively.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the outline of a foundation bed in the method of construction for draining the ground or the like using the corrugated plate of plastics for draining of the ground according to the present invention, FIGS. 9A and 9B being a plan view of the foundation bed and an elevation taken on [0016] 9B-9B of FIG. 9A, respectively.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the corrugated plate of plastics for draining the ground covering the foundation bed, FIGS. 10A and 10B being a plan view and an elevation taken on [0017] 10B-10B of FIG. 10A, respectively.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view schematically showing a part of the ground applied with the method of construction for draining the ground using the foundation bed shown in FIG. 9. [0018]
FIG. 12 is a sectional view schematically showing the sectional construction applied with the method of construction for draining the ground using the corrugated plates of plastics for draining the ground according to the present invention, FIGS. 12A, 12B and [0019] 12C being a first embodiment, a further embodiment and another embodiment, respectively.
FIG. 13 is, similarly to FIG. 12, a sectional view schematically showing the sectional construction applied with the method of construction for draining the ground using the corrugated plates of plastics for draining the ground according to the present invention, FIGS. 13A and 13B being a further embodiment, and still another embodiment, respectively. [0020]
FIG. 14 is a sectional view schematically showing an embodiment using the corrugated plate of plastics for method of construction for draining the ground according to the present invention in which a water tank is provided in the underground of the ground.[0021]
In the Figures, the reference numerals are described as follows: [0022] 1: ground, 2: foundation bed, 3: waterway, 4: ditch block, 5: central portion, 6: peripheral portion, 7: corrugated plate of plastics, 8: crushed stones, 9: ground surface earth, 10: water permeation mat, 11: water permeation mat, 12: sand stones, 13: water permeation mat, 14: water tank, 15: drain, 16: end, 17: end, 18: convex portion, 19: concave portion, 20: convex pattern, 21: hollow portion, 22: solid portion, 23: crosspiece, 24: nail, 25: drain hole, 26: waterway upper surface, 27: water permeation tube, 28: joining plate of plastics, 29: folded line, 30: drainage-ditch net, 31: ditch, 32: crushed stones, 33: water permeation pipe, 34: pipe wall, 35: water permeation hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides, in a new method of construction for draining the ground for overcoming the problems with respect to the conventional method of construction for draining the ground for draining rainwater permeated into the [0023] ground 1 due to rainfall, a corrugated plate of plastics 7 for draining the ground 1 which is a draining member laid and buried into the ground surface of a foundation bed 2 constructed by heaping a central portion 5 of the ground 1 for draining, as shown FIGS. 9A and 9B. That is, the whole surface of the foundation bed 2 constructed by heaping a central portion 5 of the ground 1 is covered with a plurality of corrugated plates of plastics 7 comprising an alternate combination of convex portions 18 and concave portions 19, the corrugated plates of plastics 7 being connected by superposing the ends thereof with the ends on the lower ground side directed at the lower side, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. In this case, when covering is carried out in such that the row direction of the convex portions 18 and the concave portion 19 is directed obliquely with respect to the foundation bed 2, water gathered in the concave portions 19 easily flows downstream. The corrugated plates of plastics 7 used is rectangular, but where the direction is changed from the row direction of the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 of the corrugated plates of plastics 7 adjusting to the inclination of the foundation bed 2, the rectangular corrugated plates of plastics 7 are suitably cut obliquely for use, and the row direction of the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 of the connected corrugated plates of plastics 7 is made at right angle for contact therebetween, as shown in FIG. 10A.
In the invention of [0024] claim 1, the corrugated plates of plastics 7 for draining the ground which are formed into a continuously corrugated surface whose surface comprises an alternate combination of a number of projected convex portions 18 and a number of recessed concave portions 19 in the same direction as the convex portions 18, and in which both opposed ends of the continuously corrugated surface are the convex portions 18 that can be connected by being superposed to the convex portions 18 at the ends of the other same-shaped corrugated plates of plastics 7.
In the invention of [0025] claim 2, there are provided the corrugated plates of plastics 7 for draining the ground according to claim 1 wherein the convex portions 18 have a convex pattern 20 for holding the crushed stones on the upper surface thereof.
In the invention of [0026] claim 3, there are provided the corrugated plates of plastics 7 for draining the ground according to claim 1 or 2 wherein an integrally molded non-slip crosspiece 23 is provided on the back of the corrugated plate of plastics 7.
The corrugated plate of [0027] plastics 7 for draining the ground according to the present invention used for a new method of construction for draining the ground will be explained in detail hereinafter. As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, these corrugated plates of plastics 7 are normally rectangular, and the surface thereof is formed into a continuously corrugated surface comprising an alternate combination of a number of projected convex portions 18 and a number of recessed concave portions 19 in the same direction as the convex projections 18. In the continuous corrugated surface, one end 16 is the convex portion 18, and the other end 17 opposite thereto is likewise the convex portion 18, which is put on the convex portion 18 on the end of the other corrugated plate of plastics 7 having the same shape to enable to be connected. Because of this, as shown in FIG. 2, the back of the convex portion 18 on one end 16 of the rectangular corrugated plate of plastics 7 is formed to be concave from the hollow portion 21. That is, FIG. 1 is the corrugated plate of plastics 7 shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 1A is a plan view in which a convex pattern 20 is formed on the convex portion 18, FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken on 1B-1B of FIG. 1A, and a non-slip crosspiece 23 at the inclined surface of the foundation bed 2 is provided on the lower surface of the corrugated plate of plastics 7 at a right angle to the row direction of the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19. One on the left end of the convex portion 18 has its lower surface that is concave of the hollow portion 21, but the other convex portions 18 are all the solid portions 22. FIG. 1C shows a stop 24 for fastening two connected corrugated plates of plastics 7, 7 so as not to be displaced from each other.
Further, the back portions of all the [0028] convex portions 18 on the end 36 of one rectangular corrugated plate of plastics 7 are formed to be concave from a number of hollow portions 21 as seen in FIG. 3 so that being adjacent to the end 16 or the end 17 comprising the convex portions 18 of these rectangular corrugated plates of plastics 7, and out of the end 36 and the end 37 at the right angle to the convex portion 18, one end 36 can be connected to the other end 37 of the other rectangular corrugated plate of plastics 7 having the same shape with the surfaces and backs thereof put one upon another.
Further, in the corrugated plate of [0029] plastics 7 of the present invention, the back of the rectangular corrugated plate of plastics 7 has a non-slip crosspiece 23 with respect to the inclined surface of the foundation bed 2 of the ground 1 with the central portion heaped up. These crosspieces 23 may be molded integral with the corrugated plate of plastics 7. The direction for mounting these crosspieces 23 on the corrugated plates of plastics 7 is the direction at the right angle to the row direction of the corrugated plates of plastics 7 so that the crosspieces 23 cross the direction of the inclined surface of the foundation bed 2 when the corrugated plates of plastics 7 are laid on the foundation bed 2. These crosspieces 23 also have the function of reinforcing the corrugated plates of plastics 7 or adjusting the thickness thereof in addition to the non-slipping.
The back of the corrugated plate of [0030] plastics 7 is that only the back of the convex portion 18 of one end 16 is the hollow portion 21 and the backs of the remainder are a solid plan and the convex portions other than one end 16 are thick in wall thickness to provide the strength, as shown in FIG. 2, so as to withstand the load of the ground. However, in case of the corrugated plates of plastics 7 formed of material capable of withstanding the load, the backs of all the convex portions 18 including the convex portions 18 of one end 16 may be the concave portions having the hollow portions 21, as seen on the end 36 side of FIG. 3.
With respect to the height of the [0031] convex portions 18 of the corrugated plates of plastics 7, where the grade of the foundation bed 2 of the ground is large, the height is made higher than that where the grade is small to thereby enable deepening the depth of the concave portions 19 to deal with a large amount of drains. Also where rainfall is much and the amount of water to be drained is large, the height of the convex portions 18 is made higher than that where rainfall or the like is a little to thereby enable dealing with the large amount of drains. As shown in FIG. 4, various corrugated plates of plastics 7 different in height of the convex portions 18 according to the grade of the foundation bed 2 are prepared, and these different in height are selected for use adjusting to the change in grade of the foundation bed 2 to thereby make adjustment adjusting to the grade of the foundation bed 2 of the ground 1.
In laying the corrugated plates of [0032] plastics 7, the nail 24 for fastening them between the other corrugated plates of plastics 7 is shown in FIG. 1C as described above. The end 36 of the corrugated plate of plastics 7 laid on the portion where the grade is high is put on the end 37 of the corrugated plate of plastics 7 laid on the portion where the grade is low to thereby prevent water flowing from upstream of the grade from moving into the foundation bed 2 on the back side of the corrugated plate of plastics 7 present downstream.
Further, for covering the joint of the connecting portion between the corrugated plates of [0033] plastics 7, 7 adjacent to each other, an elongated joining plate of plastics 28 shown in FIG. 7 is prepared to put it over the joint. The joining plate of plastics 28 has a folded line portion 29 for example in the central portion thereof, and folding can be done by the folded line portion 29, which can be easily placed in close contact with the corrugated plates of plastics 7, 7 on the back of the joining plate of plastics 28. Further, the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 may be provided in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 7A, the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 may be provided in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 7B, or the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 may be provided obliquely as shown in FIG. 7C to form the joining plate of plastics 28, adjusting to the corrugated surfaces of the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 of the corrugated plates of plastics 7, 7 on the lower surface.
The corrugated plate of [0034] plastics 7 being laid on the farthest end of the foundation bed 2 in the state that the end covers the waterway 3 provided in the periphery of the ground 1 covers the upper surface of the waterway 3 at the portion of the end 26. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5A or 5B, the bottoms 26 of the convex portions 19 present on the upper surface of the waterway 3 are provided with drain holes 25 formed from through-holes to drop water flowing from the concave portions 19 from the drain holes 25 to the waterway 3 thereunder. Normally, the end 36 at the right angle to the row direction of the convex portions 18 and the concave portions 19 of the corrugated plates of plastics 7 shown in FIG. 5B covers the upper surface of the waterway 3, and the drain holes 25 are opened in the bottoms of the concave portions 19 in the portion of the end 36 covering the upper surface of the waterway 3 to drop water flowing from the concave portions 19 to the waterway 3 thereunder.
Incidentally, in the corrugated plate of [0035] plastics 7 having no non-slip crosspiece 23 on the back thereof, when the drain holes 25 are provided in the bottoms of all the concave portions 19 of the corrugated plate of plastics 7, as shown in FIG. 6A, the corrugated plate of plastics 7 is wound, as shown in FIG. 6B, to enable forming a water permeation tube 27 in which the drain holes 25 serve as water permeation holes 35.
Then, when ditches [0036] 31 are provided in a net-like fashion in the ground 1 according to the conventional method, as shown in FIG. 8A, and when a water permeation pipe 33 having a number of water permeation holes 35 opened in a peripheral pipe wall 34 shown in FIG. 8C serves as a draining facility laid in crushed stones 32 filled into the ditches 31 as shown in FIG. 8B, a drainage-ditch net 30 can be laid on the ground 1, in place of the water permeation pipe 33, using the water permeation tube 27 formed by winding the corrugated plate of plastics 7.
In case of the [0037] ground 1 such as a golf course having a large area the drainage-ditch net 30 as described above is provided in advance in the underground, the water permeation tube 27 is laid in the ditches 31 of the drainage-ditch net 30 and the crushed stones 32 are crammed and the earth is placed thereover to form the foundation bed 2, the crushed stones or the water permeation mat are laid on the foundation bed 2, and are covered with the surface earth to form the draining means. However, alternatively, the corrugated plates of plastics 7 may be laid on the foundation bed 2 according to the method of construction for draining the ground of the present invention to provide the draining means.
In the corrugated plates of [0038] plastics 7 according to the present invention, in case of dumping them, they are manufactured to be materials that can be recycled to be used again effectively as plastic materials. By doing so, when the ground 1 applied with the method of construction for draining the ground using the corrugated plates of plastics 7 in the present invention is returned to the original surface of ground, the used corrugated plates of plastics 7 can be recycled for re-use, the resources can be used effectively, and the environments are not contaminated.
The method of construction for draining the ground using the corrugated plates of [0039] plastics 7 according to the present invention will be briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12A shows the method in which the corrugated plates of plastics 7 are laid on the foundation bed 2 of the ground 1, the crushed stones 8 are laid thereon and covered with the ground surface earth 9 to the ground 1. In this case, small-diameter sand stones 12 are placed on the crushed stones 8. FIG. 12B shows the method in which a water permeation mat 10 is used in place of the crushed stones 8 shown in FIG. 12A. The water permeation mat 10 is formed of natural fiber such as coconut nutshell or synthetic resin fiber, and is formed from a laminate of fibers that is coarse in mesh to the extent that not allow the ground surface earth 9 to pass through but allows only water to pass through. FIG. 12C shows another method in which the relatively small-diameter crushed stones 8 are laid on the water permeation mat, the above of which is covered with the ground surface earth 9 to form the ground 1.
A further method is shown in FIG. 13A, in which the crushed [0040] stones 8 are laid directly on the corrugated plate of plastics 7, the above which is laid and interposed the water permeation mat 11, the above which is further covered with the ground surface earth 9. Another method is shown in FIG. 13B, in which the water permeation mat 10 is further interposed between the corrugated plate of plastics 7 and the crushed stones 8 shown in FIG. 13A.
The corrugated plates of [0041] plastics 7 of the present invention are connected to the waterway 3 formed around the foundation bed 2 of the ground 1, water is dropped from the ground surface earth 9 to the waterway 3, as shown in FIG. 14, and water gathered in a water tank 14 separately provided, for example, in the underground of the ground 1 is stored in the water tank 14. In this case, a drain 15 is provided in the waterway 3 leading to the water tank 14 so that water can be suitably drained to other places.
As described above, the present invention provides the corrugated plates of plastics used for the method of construction for draining the ground which prevents water such as rainfall from being permeated into the foundation bed of the ground and drains water permeated into the ground quickly, and has excellent advantages such that the draining efficiency of the ground is good, and the ground can be drained and dried in an extremely short period of time, and therefore, the utility efficiency of the ground can be enhanced, and further the corrugated plates of plastics can be recycled for re-use to provide the effective use of resources. [0042]

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A corrugated plate of plastics for draining the ground wherein the surface is formed into a continuous corrugated surface comprising an alternate combination of a number of projecting convex portions and a number of recessed concave portions in the same direction as said convex portions, both ends opposite the continuous corrugated surface are the convex portions, which are put on the convex portions of the ends of other same-shaped rectangular corrugated plates of plastics to be connectable.

2. The corrugated plate of plastics for the ground according to claim 1 wherein the convex portions have a convex pattern for holding crushed stones on the upper surface thereof.

3. The corrugated plate of plastics for the ground according to claim 1 or 2 wherein an integrally molded non-slipping crosspiece is provided on the back side of the corrugated plate of plastics.