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US20030056572A1 - Detection of leaks in heat exchangers - Google Patents

Detection of leaks in heat exchangers Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030056572A1
US20030056572A1 US10/149,184 US14918402A US2003056572A1 US 20030056572 A1 US20030056572 A1 US 20030056572A1 US 14918402 A US14918402 A US 14918402A US 2003056572 A1 US2003056572 A1 US 2003056572A1
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Prior art keywords
flow path
helium
pressure
flow
detector probe
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Abandoned
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US10/149,184
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Thomas Werner
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20030056572A1 publication Critical patent/US20030056572A1/en
Priority to US11/018,510 priority Critical patent/US7150180B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/226—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/228—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators for radiators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers and in particular provides an improved method for detection of leaks in plate flack heat exchangers, especially for use in the food and drinks industry.
  • British Patent No. 2314421 describes a method of testing a plate pack heat exchanger for leaks, the heat exchanger having discrete first and second flow paths in thermal contact, the method comprising connecting a gas circulation system including a helium detector probe across the first flow path; emptying the second flow path of any liquid and introducing helium; and using the helium detection probe to detect any helium in the first flow path.
  • the present invention provides a method for detection of leaks in a plate pack heat exchanger having respective discrete first and second flow paths in mutual thermal contract, the method comprising connecting a helium detector probe at one end of said first flow path and an air compressor means at the other end of said first flow path, introducing helium to said second flow path, allowing air to pass through said first flow path under the influence of the compressor means and detecting any helium present therein by the helium detector probe, the pressure of the second flow path being higher than that of the first flow path.
  • the air compressor preferably operates at relatively low pressures, sufficient to drive air at from 15 to 30 cu. ft./min. through the first flow path against an outlet of atmospheric pressure.
  • both flow paths are emptied of as much liquid as possible before carrying out the method of the invention although fast response times are still achieved in the presence of water.
  • the second flow path, containing the introduced helium is also preferably open-ended, more preferably with a flow restrictor or throttle, at the downstream end, whereby the helium or helium-containing gas bleeds through the secondary flow path under a positive pressure, to enhance leak-detection effectiveness while forming a dynamic rather than a static system.
  • the pressure at which the helium is introduced preferably does not exceed 20 psig.
  • the helium detector probe preferably detects helium present in the primary flow path on the basis of thermal conductivity.
  • the heat exchanger is shown generally at 10 and includes heat exchange elements in the form of plates 11 extending between primary and secondary chambers 12 , 13 respectively.
  • the chambers have inlets and outlets (not shown) for supply and removal of heat exchange liquids.
  • the chambers are in thermal contact with each other via the plates but are intended to be isolated from each other for mass transfer.
  • the primary chamber 12 is provided at one end with a source of helium gas 14 and a supply line 16 . At the other end of the chamber 12 is provided a tap 18 disposed in a take-off line 20 .
  • the secondary chamber 13 is provided at one end with an air pressure supply line 22 connected to a compressor 24 and at the other end with a helium detector probe 26 .
  • the compressor 24 In use and following removal of the heat exchange liquids from the primary and secondary chambers, the compressor 24 is started and flow of air at atmospheric pressure through the secondary chamber is established. Helium is them introduced in the primary chamber and allowed to flow out though the tap 18 in the open condition. The tap is then partially closed so that helium continues to flow through the primary chamber under a moderate positive pressure. Helium will flow through any leaks between the primary and secondary chambers under the influence of the differential pressure therebetween and will be detected by the detector probe 26 . Detection of any leaked helium can be expected to take place after approximately 5 minutes of operation, even in the presence of water.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

A method for detection of leaks in a plate pack heat exchanger having respective discrete first and second flow paths in mutual thermal contract comprises connecting a helium detector probe at one end of the first flow path and an air compressor means at the other end of the first flow path, introducing helium to the second flow path, allowing air to pass through the first flow path under the influence of the compressor means and detecting any helium present therein by the helium detector probe, the pressure of the second flow path being higher than that of the first flow path.

Description

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers and in particular provides an improved method for detection of leaks in plate flack heat exchangers, especially for use in the food and drinks industry. [0001]
  • British Patent No. 2314421 describes a method of testing a plate pack heat exchanger for leaks, the heat exchanger having discrete first and second flow paths in thermal contact, the method comprising connecting a gas circulation system including a helium detector probe across the first flow path; emptying the second flow path of any liquid and introducing helium; and using the helium detection probe to detect any helium in the first flow path. [0002]
  • While the method described in my earlier British patent represents a way of using commercially-available helium detectors to test heat exchangers for leaks in a simple and economical manner, it has been found in practice that detection times are slow, typically around 20 minutes from introduction of the helium, or even several times longer if any residual water is present in the second flow path, requiring the helium to diffuse through the water or other liquid. [0003]
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for detection of leaks in heat exchangers and which provides a faster result, in that the absence of leaks can be reliably determined after only a few minutes, rather than having to wait for at least 20 minutes, especially when used in the presence of water or other liquid. [0004]
  • Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for detection of leaks in a plate pack heat exchanger having respective discrete first and second flow paths in mutual thermal contract, the method comprising connecting a helium detector probe at one end of said first flow path and an air compressor means at the other end of said first flow path, introducing helium to said second flow path, allowing air to pass through said first flow path under the influence of the compressor means and detecting any helium present therein by the helium detector probe, the pressure of the second flow path being higher than that of the first flow path. [0005]
  • In using the method of the present invention, the air compressor preferably operates at relatively low pressures, sufficient to drive air at from 15 to 30 cu. ft./min. through the first flow path against an outlet of atmospheric pressure. By using an open-ended flow path for the detection probe, a faster and more accurate result is achieved compared with the prior art method in that the helium detected is quantitatively representative of the scale of the leak, whereas in the prior art method the helium concentration increases as it accumulates in the closed recirculating system. [0006]
  • Desirably, both flow paths are emptied of as much liquid as possible before carrying out the method of the invention although fast response times are still achieved in the presence of water. The second flow path, containing the introduced helium, is also preferably open-ended, more preferably with a flow restrictor or throttle, at the downstream end, whereby the helium or helium-containing gas bleeds through the secondary flow path under a positive pressure, to enhance leak-detection effectiveness while forming a dynamic rather than a static system. The pressure at which the helium is introduced preferably does not exceed 20 psig. [0007]
  • The helium detector probe preferably detects helium present in the primary flow path on the basis of thermal conductivity.[0008]
  • An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates schematically one form of leak detection apparatus applied to a heat exchanger.[0009]
  • In the drawing, the heat exchanger is shown generally at [0010] 10 and includes heat exchange elements in the form of plates 11 extending between primary and secondary chambers 12, 13 respectively. The chambers have inlets and outlets (not shown) for supply and removal of heat exchange liquids. The chambers are in thermal contact with each other via the plates but are intended to be isolated from each other for mass transfer.
  • For the purpose of leak detection, the [0011] primary chamber 12 is provided at one end with a source of helium gas 14 and a supply line 16. At the other end of the chamber 12 is provided a tap 18 disposed in a take-off line 20. The secondary chamber 13 is provided at one end with an air pressure supply line 22 connected to a compressor 24 and at the other end with a helium detector probe 26.
  • In use and following removal of the heat exchange liquids from the primary and secondary chambers, the [0012] compressor 24 is started and flow of air at atmospheric pressure through the secondary chamber is established. Helium is them introduced in the primary chamber and allowed to flow out though the tap 18 in the open condition. The tap is then partially closed so that helium continues to flow through the primary chamber under a moderate positive pressure. Helium will flow through any leaks between the primary and secondary chambers under the influence of the differential pressure therebetween and will be detected by the detector probe 26. Detection of any leaked helium can be expected to take place after approximately 5 minutes of operation, even in the presence of water.

Claims (10)

1. A method for detection of leaks in a plate pack heat exchanger (10) having respective discrete first (13, 22) and second (12, 16) flow paths in mutual thermal contact, the method comprising connecting a helium detector probe (26) at one end of said first flow path and an air compressor means (24) at the other end of said first flow path, said first flow path being open to atmosphere at each end, introducing helium to said second flow path, allowing air to pass through said first flow path under the influence of the compressor means and detecting any helium present therein by the helium detector probe, the pressure of the second flow path being higher than that of the first flow path.
2. A method according to claim 1, in which the air compressor (24) operates at a pressure sufficient to drive air at from 15 to 30 cu. ft./min. through the first flow path against an outlet of atmospheric pressure.
3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the second flow path (12, 16) is substantially emptied of liquid before introduction of helium therein.
4. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which both flow paths are substantially emptied of liquid.
5. A method according to any preceding claim, in which the second flow path (12, 16) is also open-ended.
6. A method according to claim 5, in which the second flow path (12, 16) is provided with a flow restrictor or throttle (18) at the downstream end.
7. A method according to any preceding claim, in which the pressure at which the helium is introduced does not exceed 20 psig.
8. A method according to any preceding claim, in which the helium detector probe (26) detects helium present in the first flow path (13, 22) on the basis of thermal conductivity.
9. A heat exchanger (10) comprising discrete first (13, 22) and second (12, 16) flow paths in mutual thermal contact, said first flow path being open to atmosphere at each end, the heat exchanger including a helium detector probe (26) at one end of said first flow path and an air compressor means (24) at the other end of said first flow path and a source of helium (14) connected to said second flow path.
10. A heat exchanger according to claim 9, including means (18) to maintain the pressure in said second flow path higher than the pressure in said first flow path.
US10/149,184 1999-12-08 2000-12-08 Detection of leaks in heat exchangers Abandoned US20030056572A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/018,510 US7150180B2 (en) 1999-12-08 2004-12-22 Detection of leaks in heat exchangers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9929062.9A GB9929062D0 (en) 1999-12-08 1999-12-08 Heat exchangers
GB9929062.9 1999-12-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030056572A1 true US20030056572A1 (en) 2003-03-27

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US10/149,184 Abandoned US20030056572A1 (en) 1999-12-08 2000-12-08 Detection of leaks in heat exchangers
US11/018,510 Expired - Lifetime US7150180B2 (en) 1999-12-08 2004-12-22 Detection of leaks in heat exchangers

Family Applications After (1)

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US11/018,510 Expired - Lifetime US7150180B2 (en) 1999-12-08 2004-12-22 Detection of leaks in heat exchangers

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US20030056572A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1236028B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE292279T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2194701A (en)
DE (1) DE60019160D1 (en)
GB (1) GB9929062D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2001042756A1 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6662633B2 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-12-16 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for locating internal transfer leaks within fuel cell stacks
US20070125156A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2007-06-07 Thomas Werner Detection of leaks in heat exchangers
US20120036823A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 General Electric Company Methods and systems for monitoring a seal assembly
WO2012051525A2 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 William Robert Martindale High efficiency cascade-style heat exchanger
US20120270324A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2012-10-25 Inflcon GmbH Method for testing the tightness of water conducting components in a housing
US10458879B2 (en) * 2014-10-24 2019-10-29 Proactive Analytics Limited Leak testing method and apparatus for use with heat exchangers
US10914652B2 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-02-09 Wcr, Inc. Leak detection for heat exchanger plate
US11268877B2 (en) * 2017-10-31 2022-03-08 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Plate fin fluid processing device, system and method
US20240060735A1 (en) * 2019-10-07 2024-02-22 Accutest International, Ltd Detection of leaks in heat exchangers

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK175691B1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2005-01-17 Bactoforce As Method of Examining a Heat Exchanger for Leakage
US20060016249A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-26 Ache Lani G Heat recovery test apparatus and method for making and testing the same
US7454956B1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2008-11-25 Lopresti William J Heat exchanger leak detection using mass gas flow metering
JP4793258B2 (en) * 2006-12-26 2011-10-12 株式会社デンソー Manufacturing method for sealed products
US7886580B2 (en) * 2007-12-06 2011-02-15 Apv North America, Inc. Heat exchanger leak testing method and apparatus
WO2011030340A2 (en) 2009-09-09 2011-03-17 Strauss Water Ltd Liquid filter device
CN102539081B (en) * 2011-12-16 2014-05-07 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 Method for detecting sealability of multi-cavity container by using helium gas
WO2016151568A1 (en) 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 Strauss Water Ltd. Water filter and assembly thereof
RU2670222C1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-10-19 Федеральное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения имени Петра Великого" МО РФ Method for detecting leakage in a coupling tube heat exchanger
FI128387B (en) * 2018-05-11 2020-04-15 Varo Teollisuuspalvelut Oy Detecting leakage in a soda recovery boiler
RU2701457C1 (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-09-26 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "КОНТУР-НИИРС" Method of detecting leaks in an air-to-air heat exchanger and a device for its implementation
DE102022123313B3 (en) 2022-09-13 2023-10-12 Kassubek Yannik Method and testing device for detecting leaks in a heat exchanger

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087327A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-04-30 Sulzer Ag Method and device for locating leaks in a heat exchanger
US3425264A (en) * 1965-10-05 1969-02-04 Sulzer Ag Method and apparatus for detecting a leak in a heat exchanger
US5022265A (en) * 1987-03-31 1991-06-11 Finn-Aqua Method and apparatus for leak testing fluid conducting freeze-drying apparatus
US5835976A (en) * 1997-06-19 1998-11-10 General Motors Corporation Non pressurized method for heat exchanger internal leak detection
US6009745A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-01-04 Apv Corporation Method of leak testing an assembled plate type heat exchanger
US6035700A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-03-14 Apv Corporation Method of leak testing an assembled plate type heat exchanger
US6050133A (en) * 1996-12-02 2000-04-18 True Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in packaging
US6062068A (en) * 1993-12-14 2000-05-16 Somerset Technical Laboratories Ltd. Leakage testing method for a plate heat exchanger
US6314794B1 (en) * 1998-11-26 2001-11-13 Alcatel Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in heat exchangers for motor vehicles

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2574545B1 (en) * 1984-12-06 1987-02-13 Electricite De France METHOD FOR DETECTING LEAKS IN AN OPERATING HEAT EXCHANGER
US5872308A (en) * 1993-10-02 1999-02-16 Somerset Technical Laboratories Limited Method of testing a plate heat exchanger for leakage
GB9612677D0 (en) * 1996-06-18 1996-08-21 Werner Thomas Leak detection in heat exchangers

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087327A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-04-30 Sulzer Ag Method and device for locating leaks in a heat exchanger
US3425264A (en) * 1965-10-05 1969-02-04 Sulzer Ag Method and apparatus for detecting a leak in a heat exchanger
US5022265A (en) * 1987-03-31 1991-06-11 Finn-Aqua Method and apparatus for leak testing fluid conducting freeze-drying apparatus
US6062068A (en) * 1993-12-14 2000-05-16 Somerset Technical Laboratories Ltd. Leakage testing method for a plate heat exchanger
US6050133A (en) * 1996-12-02 2000-04-18 True Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in packaging
US5835976A (en) * 1997-06-19 1998-11-10 General Motors Corporation Non pressurized method for heat exchanger internal leak detection
US6009745A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-01-04 Apv Corporation Method of leak testing an assembled plate type heat exchanger
US6035700A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-03-14 Apv Corporation Method of leak testing an assembled plate type heat exchanger
US6314794B1 (en) * 1998-11-26 2001-11-13 Alcatel Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in heat exchangers for motor vehicles

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6662633B2 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-12-16 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for locating internal transfer leaks within fuel cell stacks
US20070125156A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2007-06-07 Thomas Werner Detection of leaks in heat exchangers
US7500382B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2009-03-10 Accusense Systems Limited Detection of leaks in heat exchangers
US9188501B2 (en) * 2009-11-27 2015-11-17 Inficon Gmbh Method for testing the tightness of water conducting components in a housing
US20120270324A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2012-10-25 Inflcon GmbH Method for testing the tightness of water conducting components in a housing
US8869598B2 (en) * 2010-08-11 2014-10-28 General Electric Company Methods and systems for monitoring a seal assembly
US9170174B2 (en) 2010-08-11 2015-10-27 General Electric Company Methods for monitoring a seal assembly
US20120036823A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 General Electric Company Methods and systems for monitoring a seal assembly
WO2012051525A2 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 William Robert Martindale High efficiency cascade-style heat exchanger
WO2012051525A3 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-06-21 William Robert Martindale High efficiency cascade-style heat exchanger
US10458879B2 (en) * 2014-10-24 2019-10-29 Proactive Analytics Limited Leak testing method and apparatus for use with heat exchangers
US11268877B2 (en) * 2017-10-31 2022-03-08 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Plate fin fluid processing device, system and method
US10914652B2 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-02-09 Wcr, Inc. Leak detection for heat exchanger plate
US20240060735A1 (en) * 2019-10-07 2024-02-22 Accutest International, Ltd Detection of leaks in heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9929062D0 (en) 2000-02-02
ATE292279T1 (en) 2005-04-15
EP1236028B1 (en) 2005-03-30
US7150180B2 (en) 2006-12-19
WO2001042756A1 (en) 2001-06-14
DE60019160D1 (en) 2005-05-04
AU2194701A (en) 2001-06-18
EP1236028A1 (en) 2002-09-04
US20050109083A1 (en) 2005-05-26

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