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US20020090980A1 - Displays for portable electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Displays for portable electronic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020090980A1
US20020090980A1 US09/683,250 US68325001A US2002090980A1 US 20020090980 A1 US20020090980 A1 US 20020090980A1 US 68325001 A US68325001 A US 68325001A US 2002090980 A1 US2002090980 A1 US 2002090980A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electronic device
portable electronic
external
screen
cellular telephone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/683,250
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English (en)
Inventor
Russell Wilcox
Gregory Goldfarb
Holly Gates
Pehr Anderson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E Ink Corp
Original Assignee
E Ink Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E Ink Corp filed Critical E Ink Corp
Priority to US09/683,250 priority Critical patent/US20020090980A1/en
Assigned to E INK CORPORATION reassignment E INK CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOLDFARB, GREGORY L., GATES, HOLLY G., WILCOX, RUSSELL J., ANDERSON, PEHR C.
Publication of US20020090980A1 publication Critical patent/US20020090980A1/en
Priority to US11/382,320 priority patent/US8064962B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
    • H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
    • H04M1/0235—Slidable or telescopic telephones, i.e. with a relative translation movement of the body parts; Telephones using a combination of translation and other relative motions of the body parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1601—Constructional details related to the housing of computer displays, e.g. of CRT monitors, of flat displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1615—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1632—External expansion units, e.g. docking stations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1652—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being flexible, e.g. mimicking a sheet of paper, or rollable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1684—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/301—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements flexible foldable or roll-able electronic displays, e.g. thin LCD, OLED
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0266—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a display module assembly
    • H04M1/0268—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a display module assembly including a flexible display panel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
    • H04M2250/16—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including more than one display unit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to portable electronic apparatus, for example, a cellular telephone or a personal digital assistant (PDA) having an external screen for the display of information.
  • portable electronic apparatus for example, a cellular telephone or a personal digital assistant (PDA) having an external screen for the display of information.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • this invention relates a cellular telephone having a visual indicator arranged to indicate when a call is received.
  • cell phones For convenience all such wireless telephones will hereinafter be referred to as “cell phones”) is expanding rapidly throughout the world, and an increasing proportion of such phones are now equipped for wireless data access, either through the Internet or other data access systems, including E-mail systems. For example, traveling businesspeople require continuous access to their E-mail and often also need access to facsimiles and the resources available on the Internet or World Wide Web.
  • auxiliary display which is substantially larger and has higher resolution than the display provided on the cell phone itself.
  • One solution is to provide an interface between the cell phone and a portable computer, thus enabling text and graphics transmitted to the cell phone to be displayed on the computer screen, and such interfaces are well known in the art.
  • the need for the portable computer greatly increases the traveling weight of the unit, and it may be inconvenient to connect the cell phone, the interface unit and the computer in the field.
  • the liquid crystal display (LCD's) conventionally used portable computers are fragile and are likely to be damaged if they are thrown into a bag with a technician's tools or left where such tools might accidentally be dropped on them.
  • One approach to solving this problem is to provide a visual rather than audible warning of an incoming call.
  • most conventional visual warning devices are ill-suited for use with cell phones.
  • Conventional small incandescent bulbs such as are use in flash lights, may prove too fragile when subjected to the handling to which cell phones are subjected, and may impose current demands larger than those conveniently supplied by cell phone batteries.
  • a light emitting diode could be used as a visual indicator, but draws power continuously, thus reducing the operating time of the cell phone, and is only visible over a limited range of orientations.
  • a light emitting diode covers only a few square millimeters, and thus may not be visible when the phone is placed in certain positions relative to the user.
  • this invention provides a portable electronic device having an internal screen for the display of information, the electronic device also having an external screen arranged to receive information from the electronic device and being capable of displaying this information on an electro-optic medium.
  • This invention is especially, though not exclusively, intended for use with cell phones and PDA's.
  • This device of the invention may hereinafter be called an “external screen device”.
  • this invention provides an external display for use with a portable electronic device having a data output port, the external display comprising data transmission means for transmitting data from the portable electronic device to the external display, the data transmission means having at least one connector arranged to engage the data output port of the portable electronic device, the external display further comprising an electro-optic medium arranged to display data received by the external display via the data transmission means.
  • FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a schematic front elevation of an external screen device of the invention with its external screen in its extended position;
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation similar to that of FIG. 1 but showing the external screen in its retracted position;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic end elevation of a second external screen device of the invention with its external screen in its retracted position
  • FIG. 5 is a three-quarter view, from behind and to one side of, the visual indicator cell phone shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 shows an external display of the invention in use with a cell phone.
  • this invention provides a portable electronic device, such a cell phone or PDA, having an internal screen for the display of information, the electronic device also having an external screen arranged to receive information from the electronic device and being capable of displaying this information on an electro-optic medium.
  • the external screen should be portable, and will typically be from about 2 to about 14 inches (51 to 355 mm.), measured diagonally and preferably from about 4 to about 10 inches (101 to 254 mm.) so measured.
  • the external screen is desirably less than about one half inch (13 mm.) in thickness and preferably less than about one quarter inch (6 mm.).
  • the external screen should generally weigh less than about one pound (454 g.) and desirably less than about 6 ounces (170 g.).
  • the external screen should have a larger number of pixels than the internal screen in at least one, and preferably both, dimensions. However, this is not absolutely essential; for example, a color external screen could be used for Internet access to supplement a monochrome internal screen to ease comprehension of material, such as electrical wiring diagrams, in which color is essential for full understanding.
  • the external screen will typically have a resolution of at least 64 ⁇ 120 pixels and desirably half-VGA (320 ⁇ 240) or full-VGA (640 ⁇ 480) resolution or better.
  • electro-optic materials can be formed into flexible displays, and the resultant ability to form flexible external screens is an important advantage of the present invention.
  • a flexible external screen has the important advantage that the external screen can be movable between a retracted position, in which less than the full display area of the external screen is displayed, and an extended position, in which substantially the full display area of the external screen is displayed, the external screen extending a greater distance from the housing of the device in its extended position than in its retracted position.
  • Such a retractable external screen renders the screen less likely to be damaged when the cell phone is not in use, and also makes the stored cell phone less bulky to carry.
  • a major portion, and preferably substantially all, of the external screen may lie within the housing.
  • the external display could have the form of a scroll which could would around a rotatable member, the scroll lying flat against the side of the cell phone, or within the housing of the cell phone, when retracted, but extensible to form a flat external screen.
  • the retracted external screen could have a folded (for example, concertina form) or serpentine configuration (the latter may be preferred because it is easier to form electrical conductors which are flexible enough to withstand bending of the screen into a serpentine configuration than it is to form conductors which will withstand sharp folds) so that it folds tightly against the side of the cell phone when not in use, but can be extended to form a flat screen.
  • a folded (for example, concertina form) or serpentine configuration the latter may be preferred because it is easier to form electrical conductors which are flexible enough to withstand bending of the screen into a serpentine configuration than it is to form conductors which will withstand sharp folds
  • the cell phone is desirably provided with one or more support members arranged to support the external screen in its extended position.
  • the support member or members are themselves retractable, being movable between an extended position, in which they are arranged to support the external screen in its extended position, and a retracted position, in which they lie closer to the housing of the cell phone than in their extended position.
  • the support members could fold out from the housing when the external display is in use.
  • Such retractable support members have the advantages of being less susceptible to damage while the cell phone is not in use, and also reduce the bulk of the phone when not in use.
  • the external screen may draw power solely from a battery located within the cell phone, eliminating the need for a separate battery, although the external screen could of course have its own battery if desired.
  • the electro-optic medium used in the external screen should draw power primarily during image update so that the screen is primarily drawing no power even while the user is reading.
  • the bistable nature of some electro-optic display media greatly reduces the power requirements of the external display.
  • the external screen typically will contain row and column drivers and in some cases a separate controller.
  • the external screen may be used purely for output (data display), but it could be provided with a least one manually-operable data input means, for example a touchscreen or one or more push buttons.
  • the data input means could comprise a pointing device, for example a small trackball.
  • One preferred external screen device variant of the invention uses a simple sequence of four to eight buttons along one side of the external screen in a manner similar to that commonly used for automated teller machine (ATM's) displays, personal digital assistants (PDA's), or handheld computers, thus permitting a useful degree of interactivity.
  • ATM's automated teller machine
  • PDA's personal digital assistants
  • a jog dial or a mouse may be used to select options or scroll between pages.
  • the external screen device need not have any buttons, relying on the cell phone inputs for selection and control.
  • the electro-optic medium used in the present external screen device is desirably bistable, so that it only draws power as the screen is being redrawn.
  • bistable and “bistability” are used herein in their conventional meaning in the art to refer to displays comprising display elements having first and second display states differing in at least one optical property, and such that after any given element has been driven, by means of an addressing pulse of finite duration, to assume either its first or second display state, after the addressing pulse has terminated, that state will persist without power for at least several times, for example at least four times, the minimum duration of the addressing pulse required to change the state of the display element.
  • electro-optic media are capable of gray scale and are stable not only in their extreme black and white states but also in their intermediate gray states. Thus, this type of display is properly called “multi-stable” rather than bistable, although the latter term may be used for convenience herein.)
  • the electro-optic medium is also desirably reflective rather than transmissive, since this eliminates the need for a backlight, and thus the power drain associated with such a backlight.
  • the reflective display should have a reflectivity of at least one-third the brightness of white paper and a contrast ratio of at least 6 to 1, similar to newspapers, but ideally 10 to 1 or better.
  • the display should be such that it can be used as a source for typical copier machines, so that a mobile worker could access a document, copy it from the external display using a standard copier, and thereby obtain printouts with good resolution and readability.
  • the external screen device of the invention may function as both a cell phone and a PDA. Many PDA's are today being provided with cell phone capability. However, an external screen device of the present invention permits PDA functions to be added to a cell phone, and web software used to permit the user to access PDA functions such as address book and calendar over a network. Thus, the cell phone and external display together make a cheap, thin mobile client that can nevertheless benefit from intense computations or large-scale database access back on the server end.
  • the external display screen may be attached to the cell phone by any suitable physical means and using any suitable protocol.
  • the cell phone may serve as a universal serial bus (USB) master and the display device as a USB slave. This permits the device to access both data and adequate power in a well-defined and cross-device standardized way at a low incremental hardware cost.
  • USB universal serial bus
  • cell phones with USB masters could drive data to many other peripherals including large electronic ink signs and many multimedia devices.
  • USB or similar standards permit a large number of devices to be daisy-chained or networked to a single cell phone in an easy manner so that all the devices can share one external network access point.
  • USB is a more elegant solution
  • serial lines, IIC, and 8-bit parallel are the current standard communication methods for cell phones, and these may also be implemented in the present invention.
  • Providing an external screen with a common resolution such as VGA would enable many wireless application providers to all write to a common standard.
  • Support for a common markup language such as HTML or XML would enable many types of external portable screens to exist and to benefit from the same wireless applications, spawning a new class of cell phone peripherals.
  • a cable for the external screen can be spooled within the footprint of the unit so as to preserve portability and avoid mishandling during transport.
  • the advantages of this approach are: 1) universality, 2) simplicity, 3) low cost, 4) no additional loose parts/cradles, 5) no significant volume added to the phone when the external display is not in use, 6) people can use the product in either of two configurations.
  • the cell phone need not buffer data for a complete screen. Instead the cell phone may write out all or a portion of the screen information in a manner similar to outputting to a printer rather than operating a traditional display. Thus, a large image may be created by refreshing discrete portions of the display sequentially. Reducing the buffer memory needs of the cell phone in this manner greatly reduces its cost.
  • the device would not need RAM, a microprocessor, flash memory, or a battery, although it would typically still need a microcontroller. Because the electronic ink external display can update in parts, it can also employ peripheral communications standards like USB rather than high-speed clocked data lines, such as are used by most LCD displays.
  • the typical energy draw for portable cell phone screens is based on sizes ranging from 1-4 inch (25 to 101 mm.) diagonals, and consists of 44 J power draw (25 J for the display and 19 J for the backlight) assuming a typical usage model (8 hour day, 5% transmit, 5% receive, 90% standby, backlight times out 10 seconds after last key press, total use 60 minutes/day for 6 calls of 10 minutes each; shows only time, date and signal strength in standby). Since the total energy budget for the cell phone is 26855 J, this is a tiny fraction of the energy budget.
  • the display may draw 1.2 mW/0.9 mW during talk/standby, but while the buttons are being pressed the backlight is on and draws 108 mW. (Source: R. Akins “Displays for Hand-held Portable Electronic Products”, SID (Society for Information Display) Invited Paper, SID Digest, May 2000).
  • the external display is powered by the phone, thus reducing the cost of the external display and maximizing its portability.
  • this cell phone uses a visual indicator comprising an electro-optic medium of variable optical appearance to provide a visual indication when a call is received by the phone.
  • the visual indicator could simply change from one state to another (say from black to white) when a call is received, the human eye is far more sensitive to changes in optical appearance than to optical appearance itself. Accordingly, it is desirable that the visual indicator be arranged to “flash” (i.e., to change repeatedly between its two display states) when a call is received by the phone.
  • Electro-optic visual displays are well suited to act as a visual indicator for a cell phone.
  • the electro-optic medium has at least two modes of changing repeatedly between it two or more display states. Different colors, frequencies, intensities or other visual cues may be used in combination with caller ID or call waiting to indicate information about the call. Other visual states such as voice mail or E-mail waiting may also be visually indicated.
  • the electronic ink visual indicator may be attached to the surface of the cell phone or be present in an external cellphone case or other peripheral attachment.
  • the visual indicator is present on an external surface of the cell phone or other object, we do not exclude the possibility that the visual indicator may be overlain by one or more substantial transparent layers, provided only that the visual indicator is readily visible to a user of the cell phone or other object.
  • Most electro-optic media require electrodes on both sides of the medium, so the visual indicator will usually have a substantially transparent electrode overlying the electro-optic medium itself.
  • the visual indicator may be curved, flexed or conformed to the surface. In order that it may be conspicuous, the visual indicator desirably covers a large portion of the surface on which it is provided. Typically, the visual indicator should cover an area of at least about 1 cm 2 ; when provided on the external surface of the cell phone, it desirably covers at least about 5 percent of the external surface of the cell phone.
  • the thin, flexible nature of certain electro-optic media allows them to cover a surface in an ergonomic, lightweight way while still achieving a large display area, which is a critical requirement for a visual indicator.
  • the visual indicator may be wrapped around multiple sides of the cell phone, so that it is visible regardless of the orientation of the phone.
  • the external surface of a cell phone will comprise at least three separate surfaces, and the visual indicator should be present on at least two of these surfaces.
  • Many cell phones have a substantially cuboidal form with a front surface bearing a key pad, an opposed rear surface, and at least two side opposed surfaces and two opposed end surfaces extending between the front and rear surfaces, and in such phones it is desirable that the visual indicator be present on the rear surface and an opposed pair of the side and rear surfaces, so that when the cell phone is placed face down on a surface, the visual indicator will be visible from almost any direction.
  • the visual indicator may be the only ring indicator present on the cell phone.
  • the cell phone comprises an audible indicator means for indicating when a call is received by the phone, and selector means whereby a user may select operation of either the visual indicator means or the audible indicator means when a call is received.
  • the low power requirement of many electro-optic media permits the visual indicator to function with minimal battery drain.
  • the bistability of such media allows persistent “flags”, such as E-mail or voice mail flags, to remain visible without drawing power.
  • the light weight of an electro-optic visual indicator achieves its functionality with minimal reduction of portability.
  • electro-optic media in both the external screen device and visual indicator cell phone of the present invention, a variety of electro-optic media may be used.
  • the electro-optic medium could, for example, be of the rotating bichromal object type as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,803,783; 5,777,782 and 5760,761.
  • the electro-optic medium could also be an electrochromic medium, a preferred electrochromic medium being a nanochromic film comprising an electrode formed at least in part from a semi-conducting metal oxide and a plurality of dye molecules capable of reversible color change attached to the electrode. Nanochromic films of this type are described, for example, in International Applications Publication Nos. WO 98/35267 and WO 01 /27690; the entire contents of these two applications are herein incorporated by reference.
  • electro-optic medium is an electrophoretic medium, preferably an encapsulated electrophoretic medium.
  • Electrophoretic displays have been the subject of intense research and development for a number of years. Such displays can have attributes of good brightness and contrast, wide viewing angles, state bistability, and low power consumption when compared with liquid crystal displays.
  • Numerous patents and applications assigned to or in the names of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and E Ink Corporation have recently been published describing encapsulated electrophoretic media.
  • Such encapsulated media comprise numerous small capsules, each of which itself comprises an internal phase containing electrophoretically-mobile particles suspended in a liquid suspension medium, and a capsule wall surrounding the internal phase.
  • the capsules are themselves held within a polymeric binder to form a coherent layer positioned between two electrodes.
  • Encapsulated media of this type are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,930,026; 5,961,804; 6,017,584; 6,067,185; 6,118,426; 6,120,588; 6,120,839; 6,124,851; 6,130,773; 6,130,774; 6,172,798; 6,177,921; 6,232,950; 6,241,921; 6,249,271; 6,252,564; 6,262,706; 6,262,833; 6,300,932; 6,312,304; and 6,323,989, and in International Applications Publication Nos.
  • An encapsulated, electrophoretic medium typically does not suffer from the clustering and settling failure mode of traditional electrophoretic media and provides further advantages, such as the ability to print or coat the display on a wide variety of flexible and rigid substrates.
  • printing is intended to include all forms of printing and coating, including, but without limitation: pre-metered coatings such as patch die coating, slot or extrusion coating, slide or cascade coating, curtain coating; roll coating such as knife over roll coating, forward and reverse roll coating; gravure coating; dip coating; spray coating; meniscus coating; spin coating; brush coating; air knife coating; silk screen printing processes; electrostatic printing processes; thermal printing processes; ink jet printing processes; and other similar techniques.
  • pre-metered coatings such as patch die coating, slot or extrusion coating, slide or cascade coating, curtain coating
  • roll coating such as knife over roll coating, forward and reverse roll coating
  • gravure coating dip coating
  • spray coating meniscus coating
  • spin coating spin coating
  • brush coating air knife coating
  • silk screen printing processes electrostatic printing processes
  • the external screen device of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a cell phone (generally designated 10 ) having a substantially cuboidal housing to one side of which is attached an antenna 12 .
  • the front surface 14 of the housing carries an earpiece 16 , a small internal screen 17 for the display of data, a main key pad 18 comprising ten keys numbered 1-9 and 0 in the conventional key pad layout (the markings on these and other keys described below are omitted from the drawings to avoid unnecessary clutter), and an auxiliary key pad 20 , which contains six keys used for special functions needed in a cell phone, such as “power”, “send” etc.
  • the front surface 14 carries a microphone 22 . All the components of the cell phone 10 so far described are conventional and hence will not be further described herein.
  • the cell phone 10 is provided with a flexible external screen 24 , which is movable between an extended position, shown in FIG. 1, in which the screen is held substantially flat so that the full display area of the screen is visible to a user, and a retracted position, shown in FIG. 2, in which the screen 24 is “folded” in a serpentine configuration against the housing of the cell phone.
  • the screen 24 comprises an encapsulated electrophoretic medium (“an electronic ink”) on which data from the cell phone can be displayed.
  • the screen 24 is provided, along its edge remote from the housing, with an end member 26 , which is formed of a rigid plastic material and which bears four push buttons 28 and a miniature trackball 30 ; when the trackball 30 is in use, the lower two (in FIG. 1) of the push buttons 28 are employed as the buttons needed for the trackball 30 to be used in the conventional manner.
  • the cell phone 10 further comprises a top support member 32 , a bottom support member 34 and an end support member 36 , which together form a frame surrounding the screen 24 and the end member 26 .
  • a top support member 32 a bottom support member 34 and an end support member 36 , which together form a frame surrounding the screen 24 and the end member 26 .
  • the end member 26 extends slightly beyond the side edges (the top and bottom edges as illustrated in FIG.
  • the screen 24 when the screen 24 is not needed for displaying data (for example during voice calls), it can be retracted to the retracted position shown in this Figure.
  • the end member 26 is removed from the recesses 38 and inserted into recesses 40 in the top and bottom support members 32 and 34 , these recesses 40 lying close to the phone housing.
  • the screen 24 is held between the end member 26 and the housing as a series of serpentine folds; if, as is typically the case, the screen 24 includes a plastic substrate, this substrate may be given a “set” to facilitate the screen 24 adopting the correct serpentine configuration.
  • the end support member 36 is temporarily detached from the top and bottom support members 32 and 34 , moved to a position adjacent the end member 26 and again attached to the support members 32 and 34 .
  • Each of the support members 32 and 34 is, as shown in FIG. 2, in two sections connected hinged adjacent the recesses 40 , and the outer sections, designated 32 A and 34 A, of the support members 32 and 34 respectively are folded at right angles to the adjacent sections so that they lie parallel to the length of the end member 26 and immediately “outside” (to the right in FIG. 2) the end support member 36 . It will be seen that retracting the screen 24 in this manner greatly reduces the bulk of the cell phone 10 when the screen 24 is not required.
  • FIG. 3 shows an end elevation of a second external screen cell phone (generally designated 50 ) of the present invention which resembles that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 but which has a different arrangement for storing the retracted external screen 24 ′, the end elevation being taken in a direction corresponding to looking upwardly from the lower end of FIG. 2, the external screen 24 ′ being shown in its retracted position.
  • the cell phone 50 has a housing 52 , and the external screen is provided with an end member 28 and top, bottom and end support members, all of which are essentially identical to those shown in FIG. 2. (The portion of the bottom support member adjacent the housing 52 is omitted from FIG.
  • the screen 24 ′ is stored in a scroll-like fashion.
  • a spindle 54 is rotatably mounted on the top and bottom support members adjacent the housing 52 .
  • the spindle 54 is provided with biasing means in the form of helical springs (other types of biasing means may of course be substituted) which bias the spindle 54 to rotate clockwise in FIG. 3, so that once the screen 24 ′ is released from recesses corresponding to the recesses 38 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the screen 24 ′ will automatically wind around the spindle 54 under the bias provided by the biasing means.
  • the visual indicator cell phone (generally designated 70 ) shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is similar to that shown in FIG. 1 except it lacks both the internal screen 17 and the external screen, although either or both of these screens could be provided if desired.
  • the housing 52 of cell phone 70 is essentially cuboidal, having a front surface 14 , an opposed rear surface, and opposed pairs of end surfaces and side surfaces extending between the front and rear surfaces.
  • the cell phone 70 is provided with a visual indicator 72 which covers a small area at the upper end (in FIG. 4) of the front surface 14 , the whole of the adjacent end face and large portions of the rear and both side surfaces (only one side surface is visible in FIG.
  • the visual indicator 72 is arranged to flash black and white when a call is received.
  • the cell phone 70 is also provided with a conventional audible ring indicator, and a toggle button 74 (FIG. 4) is provided adjacent the microphone 22 to enable the user to toggle between the audible and visual indicators.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an external display (generally designated 90 ) of the present invention in use with a cell phone essentially identical to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the external display comprises a housing 92 , having essentially the form of a flat cuboid, and an electro-optic screen 94 located within the housing 92 .
  • the housing 92 is provided adjacent one edge with buttons 28 and a trackball 30 similar to the corresponding device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the external display is not mounted upon the cell phone but is detachably connected thereto by means of a flexible cable 96 , this cable being plugged by means of a connector 98 into a data output socket (not shown) provided on the cell phone.
  • the cable 96 enables data to be transmitted from the cell phone to the external display, and may also provide for data transmission in the opposed direction, so that, for example, data input by means of the buttons 28 or trackball 30 may be conveyed to the cell phone.
  • Many cell phones are already equipped with serial ports to enable them to be used with external modems, and these serial ports may be employed as the data output socket for communication with the external screen.
  • the external screen display of the present invention greatly reduces the problems associated with displaying data on portable, hand-held electronic devices. It will also been seen that the visual indicator cell phone of the present invention solves most of the problems associated with the use of audible ring indicators on cell phones.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
US09/683,250 2000-12-05 2001-12-05 Displays for portable electronic apparatus Abandoned US20020090980A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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US09/683,250 US20020090980A1 (en) 2000-12-05 2001-12-05 Displays for portable electronic apparatus
US11/382,320 US8064962B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2006-05-09 Displays for portable electronic apparatus

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US25144300P 2000-12-05 2000-12-05
US09/683,250 US20020090980A1 (en) 2000-12-05 2001-12-05 Displays for portable electronic apparatus

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US11/382,320 Continuation US8064962B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2006-05-09 Displays for portable electronic apparatus

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US11/382,320 Expired - Fee Related US8064962B2 (en) 2000-12-05 2006-05-09 Displays for portable electronic apparatus

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EP (1) EP1340360A2 (fr)
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AU (1) AU2002230610A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002047363A2 (fr)

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US20060194619A1 (en) 2006-08-31
WO2002047363A2 (fr) 2002-06-13

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